CN102476959B - Anaerobic rapid starting and anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation method at low temperature - Google Patents
Anaerobic rapid starting and anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation method at low temperature Download PDFInfo
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/36—Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
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- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/24—Recirculation of gas
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anaerobic rapid starting and anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation method at a low temperature and relates to environment-friendly and energy technologies. The method comprises the following steps that: in the initial anaerobic fermentation stage, an air compressor crushes methane into a tank body through a pipeline to form an anaerobic environment, and simultaneously, an electric heating machine heats crushed methane so as to heat a material in the tank body, and heat preservation is carried out by using a heat preservation layer so as to solve the problems that anaerobic fermentation is difficult to start at the low temperature (less than or equal to 20 DEG C) and the process temperature is difficult to control, and simultaneously the starting speed of the anaerobic fermentation can reach the natural starting speed of the anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of less than or equal to 20 DEG C; and after the anaerobic fermentation is finished, and air is introduced into the tank body so as to carry out aerobic composting fermentation on biogas residues.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection and energy utilization technology field, that under a kind of cold condition, anaerobism starts and anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation process fast, after carrying out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, allow the solid organic castoff in tank body carry out " aerobic composting " fermenting process, carry out natural pond slag close-coupled processing, make fermentation system produce continuously and stably biogas and/or organic fertilizer.
Technical background
Propelling along with the construction process of new socialist countryside, villager's standard of living is when improving, also having there is change in the traditional life pattern of peasant household, has brought thus new environmental pollution and the wasting of resources gradually, caused serious dirty, the unrest in small towns and rural area, poor phenomenon.According to the data of national environmental protection portion, more than 2.8 hundred million ton of the annual domestic refuse producing in China rural area, major part is arbitrarily banked up or is toppled over into lake, river or irrigation canals and ditches, causes that mosquitos and flies grows, foul smell fills the air.These problems cause the current ubiquity in China rural area the phenomenon that rubbish disorderly falls, muck huddles, faggot is disorderly piled up neatly.These wastes are piled up and are usually produced various harmful microorganisms in environment, serious harm people's health also in contaminate environment.Therefore, it is severe that situation is polluted in China suburban countryside, if do not administered, will cause larger environmental problem.
Dry anaerobic fermentation refers to the anaerobically fermenting treatment process of TS massfraction 20%～50%.Dry process has obvious advantage, can adapt to the solid organic castoff in various sources; Working cost is low, and has improved volume power production capacity; Water requirement is low or do not need water, saving water resource; Produce natural pond liquid few, waste residue water content is low, and subsequent disposal expense is low; Operational process is stable, without problems such as the scum silica frost in wet processing, precipitations; Reduced foul smell discharge.Dry anaerobic fermentation can be used as that solid waste is innoxious, the effective ways of recycling treatment, up to now, had some about exploration and the research of the mechanism of action in dry fermentation parameter optimization and composting process, it is also difficult point that focus is not only in the research that dry fermentation reaction equipment, natural pond slag are processed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide anaerobism under a kind of cold condition to start fast and anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation process, on the basis in dry fermentation technique, theoretical developments and practical application experience, after carrying out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, allow the solid organic castoff in tank body carry out " aerobic composting " fermenting process, carry out natural pond slag close-coupled processing, to solve solid waste, process the problem being left to be desired occurring in disposal and fermentative production, expand scope and level that solid waste real-time on-site is processed.Can realize the solid waste such as the domestic refuse on the ground such as rural area, town dweller district, livestock and poultry farm and feces of livestock and poultry obtains on the spot, in time, dispose easily.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:
Under cold condition, anaerobism starts and an anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation process fast, and it comprises step:
A) another valve is made as to biogas storage tank and air compressor conducting, switches on power, start air compressor, electric heating machine, the biogas in biogas storage tank is poured in tank body, meanwhile, electric heating machine, to the biogas heating passing in pipeline, is realized cold-starting;
B) hot biogas is heated to the material in tank body, carries out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, the gas producing in fermentation input gas storage bag; The thermal insulation layer of tank body interlayer is incubated fermenting process simultaneously, realizes the temperature in anaerobically fermenting is controlled;
C) after " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, another valve is made as to atmosphere and air compressor conducting, the solid materials of natural pond slag in tank body is carried out to " aerobic composting " fermentation;
D), after in tank body, aerobic compost completes, compost takes out use by the feed inlet and outlet of tank body upper end.
Described fermentation process, controls the temperature in anaerobically fermenting described in it, is to regulate the Heating temperature of electric heating machine and by the insulation effect of thermal insulation layer.
Described fermentation process, cold condition described in it, under≤20 ℃ of conditions; Start fast anaerobically fermenting natural starting speed while reaching temperature >=20 ℃ for toggle speed.
The integrated fermentation unit of pillar aerobic-anaerobic that described fermentation process is used, comprises fermentor tank, gas storage bag, air compressor, electric heating machine, pipeline; Fermentor tank comprises double layers of tank body, thermal insulation layer and top cover, has been horizontally disposed with one deck sieve plate in tank body, and upper strata is fermentation cabin, and lower floor is gas buffer chamber and percolate storage pool; Tank body is a double-layer circular cylindricality bowl bodies, has thermal insulation layer between two-layer, and feed inlet and outlet and the top seal of tank body upper end are affixed, and top cover is provided with pneumatic outlet; It is characterized in that: tank body lower end is provided with inlet mouth; Outside tank body, pneumatic outlet is connected with gas storage bag, and gas storage bag is with pipeline be linked in sequence air compressor, electric heating machine, and electric heating machine is connected with the inlet mouth of tank body lower end through pipeline again; On gas storage bag, be provided with valve, on the pipeline being connected with air compressor at gas storage bag, have another valve; Valve on gas storage bag is connected with gas-holder through pipeline;
A plurality of temp probes are installed in inner tank wall, in gas storage bag, have biogas, air compressor, electric heating machine are connected with power supply.
Described integrated fermentation unit, described in it, the diameter of fermentor tank is 0.5～2.0m, is highly 1.5～3m.
Described integrated fermentation unit, described in it, sieve plate upper strata is fermentation cabin, and sieve plate lower floor is gas buffer chamber and percolate scratch pool, and the ratio of upper and lower layer height is 6: 1～4: 1, and the diameter of sieve aperture is 0.25～1.00cm.
Described integrated fermentation unit, another valve described in it, is three-way valve, and one input end communicates with gas storage bag, and another input terminus communicates with atmosphere/biogas storage tank, and output terminal communicates with air compressor.
Described integrated fermentation unit, a plurality of temp probes described in it in inner tank wall, are distributed in gas buffer chamber, reaction cabin.
Described integrated fermentation unit, gas storage bag described in it, its maximum volume is 1 times of dry fermentation device fermentation cabin.
The present invention can realize life in the countryside rubbish, plant husbandry waste, excrement of animals and obtain on the spot, processes and dispose timely, to anaerobic dry fermentation and aerobic composting process, carry out close-coupled processing, can make operating process convenient, dress/discharging is easy, to the natural pond slag aerobic compost in anaerobic dry fermentation, improve the recycling rate of natural pond slag, can save the energy and reduce running cost, reach the ambient level that improves urban residents, solution rubbish disorderly falls, muck huddles, the phenomenon of the random buttress of faggot.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that under cold condition of the present invention, anaerobism starts fast and the device schematic diagram of anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation process;
Fig. 2 is that under cold condition of the present invention, anaerobism starts fast and the schematic flow sheet of anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation process.
Drawing reference numeral: 1-top cover; 2-tank body; 3-gas storage bag; 4-pneumatic outlet; 5-thief hole; 6-sieve plate; 7-air compressor; 8-electric heating machine; 9a, 9b-valve; 10-thermal insulation layer; 11-reaction cabin; 12-gas buffer chamber; 13-temp probe; 14-pipeline; 15-inlet mouth.
Embodiment
A kind of column type anaerobic of the present invention---aerobic integratedization fermentation unit, its concrete structure as shown in Figure 1: aerobic integratedization of column type anaerobic fermentation unit, comprises fermentor tank 2, gas storage bag 3, air compressor 7, electric heating machine 8, pipeline 14.Fermentor tank comprises tank body 2, thermal insulation layer 10 and top cover 1, and tank body 2 is a double-layer circular cylindricality bowl bodies, has thermal insulation layer 10 between two-layer, and affixed with flangeseal between the feed inlet and outlet of tank body 2 upper ends and top cover 1, top cover 1 is provided with pneumatic outlet 4.In tank body 2, be horizontally disposed with sieve plate, the diameter of sieve aperture is 0.25～1.00cm, and 1 of sieve plate 6 and top cover are reaction cabin, at the bottom of sieve plate 6 and tank, is gas buffer chamber 12, and the ratio of upper and lower layer height is 6: 1～4: 1, and tank body 2 lower ends are provided with inlet mouth 15.
Outside tank body 2, pneumatic outlet 4 is connected with gas storage bag 3, and gas storage bag 3 is with pipeline 14 be linked in sequence air compressor 7, electric heating machine 8, and electric heating machine 8 is connected with the inlet mouth 15 of tank body 2 lower ends through pipeline 14 again; On gas storage bag 3, be provided with valve 9a, on the pipeline 14 being connected with air compressor 7 at gas storage bag 3, have another valve 9b.Another valve 9b, is three-way valve, and one input end communicates with gas storage bag 3, and another input terminus communicates with atmosphere, and output terminal communicates with air compressor 7.
The volume of gas storage bag 3 is 1 times of dry fermentation device fermentation cabin.In gas storage bag 3, have biogas, air compressor 7, electric heating machine 8 are connected with power supply.
1/2 to 2/3 place at tank body 2 sidewalls is provided with 3 thief holes altogether.Tank body 2 inwalls are provided with a plurality of temp probes 13, and a plurality of temp probes 13 are distributed in reaction cabin 11, gas buffer chamber 12.
A kind of column type anaerobic of the present invention---its flow process of aerobic integratedization fermentation unit comprises step:
A) another valve 9b is made as to biogas storage tank (not shown in FIG.) and air compressor 7 conductings, switch on power, start air compressor 7, electric heating machine 8, biogas in biogas storage tank is poured in tank body 2, simultaneously, the biogas heating passing in 8 pairs of pipelines 14 of electric heating machine, realizes cold-starting.
B) hot biogas is heated to the material in tank body 2, carries out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, the gas producing in fermentation input gas storage bag 3; 10 pairs of fermenting process insulations of thermal insulation layer of tank body interlayer, realize the temperature in anaerobically fermenting are controlled to 20 ℃～30 ℃ left and right simultaneously;
The size that the size that valve 9a on adjustments of gas reservoir bag 3 opens and another valve 9b on pipeline 14 open, simultaneously or regulate separately the Heating temperature of electric heating machine 8, carries out temperature control.
C) after " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, another valve 9b is made as to atmosphere and air compressor 7 conductings, the solid materials of the interior natural pond of tank body 2 slag is carried out to " aerobic composting " fermentation.
D), after the interior aerobic compost of tank body 2 completes, compost takes out use by the feed inlet and outlet 1 of tank body 2 upper ends.
The present invention is the close-coupled processing design of natural pond slag, after carrying out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, allow the solid organic castoff in tank body 2 carry out " aerobic composting " fermenting process, carry out natural pond slag close-coupled processing, after anaerobically fermenting, natural pond slag does not need to take out and can be directly used in aerobic compost, improves the recycling of natural pond slag, makes above-mentioned fermentation system produce continuously and stably biogas and/or organic fertilizer.
Claims (6)
1. under cold condition, anaerobism starts and an anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation process fast, and the method is used the integrated fermentation unit of a pillar aerobic-anaerobic, comprises fermentor tank, gas storage bag, air compressor, electric heating machine, pipeline; Fermentor tank comprises tank body, thermal insulation layer and top cover, and tank body is a double-layer circular cylindricality bowl bodies, has thermal insulation layer between two-layer, and feed inlet and outlet and the top seal of tank body upper end are affixed, and top cover is provided with pneumatic outlet; In tank body, be horizontally disposed with two layers of sieve plate, an opening for feed place, top that is positioned at fermentation unit, is upper strata sieve plate, and one is positioned at fermentor tank bottom, is lower floor's sieve plate; Between two layers of sieve plate and two layers of sieve plate each have distance with two ends, between two layers of sieve plate, be reaction cabin, between upper strata sieve plate and top cover, be gas buffer chamber, tank body lower end is provided with inlet mouth; Outside tank body, pneumatic outlet is connected with gas storage bag, and gas storage bag is with pipeline be linked in sequence air compressor, electric heating machine, and electric heating machine is connected with the inlet mouth of tank body lower end through pipeline again; On gas storage bag, be provided with valve, on the pipeline being connected with air compressor at gas storage bag, be provided with biogas by-pass valve control; A plurality of temp probes are installed in inner tank wall, in gas storage bag, have biogas, air compressor, electric heating machine are connected with power supply; The method comprising the steps of:
A) biogas by-pass valve control is made as to biogas storage tank and air compressor conducting, switches on power, start air compressor, electric heating machine, biogas in biogas storage tank is poured in tank body, and meanwhile, electric heating machine is to the biogas heating passing in pipeline, realize cold-starting, wherein low temperature is≤20 ℃;
B) hot biogas is heated to the material in tank body, carries out anaerobic gas generation fermenting process, the gas input gas storage bag producing in fermentation; The thermal insulation layer of tank body interlayer is incubated fermenting process simultaneously, realizes the temperature in anaerobically fermenting is controlled;
C) after anaerobic gas generation fermenting process, biogas by-pass valve control is made as to atmosphere and air compressor conducting, the solid materials of natural pond slag in tank body is carried out to aerobic composting fermentation;
D), after in tank body, aerobic composting completes, compost takes out use by the feed inlet and outlet on tank body top.
2. fermentation process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described temperature in anaerobically fermenting being controlled, is by regulating the Heating temperature of electric heating machine and the insulation effect by thermal insulation layer to realize.
3. the integrated fermentation unit of pillar aerobic-anaerobic that fermentation process according to claim 1 is used, comprises fermentor tank, gas storage bag, air compressor, electric heating machine, pipeline; Fermentor tank comprises tank body, thermal insulation layer and top cover, and tank body is a double-layer circular cylindricality bowl bodies, has thermal insulation layer between two-layer, and feed inlet and outlet and the top seal of tank body upper end are affixed, and top cover is provided with pneumatic outlet; It is characterized in that: in tank body, be horizontally disposed with two layers of sieve plate, an opening for feed place, top that is positioned at fermentation unit, is upper strata sieve plate, and one is positioned at fermentor tank bottom, is lower floor's sieve plate; Between two layers of sieve plate and two layers of sieve plate each have distance with two ends, between two layers of sieve plate, be reaction cabin, between upper strata sieve plate and top cover, be gas buffer chamber, tank body lower end is provided with inlet mouth; Outside tank body, pneumatic outlet is connected with gas storage bag, and gas storage bag is with pipeline be linked in sequence air compressor, electric heating machine, and electric heating machine is connected with the inlet mouth of tank body lower end through pipeline again; On gas storage bag, be provided with valve, on the pipeline being connected with air compressor at gas storage bag, have biogas by-pass valve control;
A plurality of temp probes are installed in inner tank wall, in gas storage bag, have biogas, air compressor, electric heating machine are connected with power supply.
4. integrated fermentation unit according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the diameter of described fermentor tank is 0.5～2.0m, is highly 1.5～3m.
5. integrated fermentation unit according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described biogas by-pass valve control is three-way valve, and one input end communicates with gas storage bag, and another input terminus communicates with atmosphere/biogas storage tank, and output terminal communicates with air compressor.
6. integrated fermentation unit according to claim 3, is characterized in that: a plurality of temp probes in described inner tank wall, are distributed in gas buffer chamber, reaction cabin.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105948832A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 北京科技大学 | Small-size kitchen garbage fermentation device |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106950082B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2024-02-02 | 河北工业大学 | Petroleum pollution sea area sampling device |
| CN108723067A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-02 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of integrated form domestic garbage resource processing system and its processing method |
| CN108929846B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2023-08-04 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Movable aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation system |
| CN112410174B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2023-08-11 | 王天浩 | Laminar flow fermentation device and fermentation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1431173A (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2003-07-23 | 湖南大学 | Anaerobic and aerobic integrative type compost response operator |
| CN101045652A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-10-03 | 陈志琦 | Comprehensive treatment method of bio-pollutant |
| CN101215046A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2008-07-09 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Firedamp type anaerobic aerobic integrated biochemical reactor |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1431173A (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2003-07-23 | 湖南大学 | Anaerobic and aerobic integrative type compost response operator |
| CN101045652A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-10-03 | 陈志琦 | Comprehensive treatment method of bio-pollutant |
| CN101215046A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2008-07-09 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Firedamp type anaerobic aerobic integrated biochemical reactor |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105948832A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 北京科技大学 | Small-size kitchen garbage fermentation device |
| CN105948832B (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2019-08-06 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of small-sized kitchen garbage installation for fermenting |
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