CN102476959A - Anaerobic rapid starting and anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation method at low temperature - Google Patents
Anaerobic rapid starting and anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation method at low temperature Download PDFInfo
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anaerobic rapid starting and anaerobic-aerobic integrated fermentation method at a low temperature and relates to environment-friendly and energy technologies. The method comprises the following steps that: in the initial anaerobic fermentation stage, an air compressor crushes methane into a tank body through a pipeline to form an anaerobic environment, and simultaneously, an electric heating machine heats crushed methane so as to heat a material in the tank body, and heat preservation is carried out by using a heat preservation layer so as to solve the problems that anaerobic fermentation is difficult to start at the low temperature (less than or equal to 20 DEG C) and the process temperature is difficult to control, and simultaneously the starting speed of the anaerobic fermentation can reach the natural starting speed of the anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of less than or equal to 20 DEG C; and after the anaerobic fermentation is finished, and air is introduced into the tank body so as to carry out aerobic composting fermentation on biogas residues.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection and energy utilization technology field; Be that anaerobism starts and the integrated fermentation process of anaerobic-aerobic fast under a kind of coldcondition; After carrying out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process; Let a jar intravital solid organic castoff carry out " aerobic composting " fermenting process, it is close-coupled processing to carry out the natural pond slag, makes fermentation system produce biogas and/or organic fertilizer continuously and stably.
Technical background
Propelling along with the construction process of new socialist countryside; Villager's standard of living is when improving; Change has also taken place in peasant household's traditional life pattern gradually, has brought the new environmental pollution and the wasting of resources thus, has caused serious dirty, the unrest in small towns and rural area, difference phenomenon.According to the data of national environmental protection portion, more than 2.8 hundred million ton of the annual domestic refuse that produces in China rural area, major part is arbitrarily banked up or is toppled over into lake, river or irrigation canals and ditches, causes that mosquitos and flies grows, foul smell fills the air.These problems cause the present ubiquity in China rural area the phenomenon that rubbish disorderly falls, muck huddles, faggot is disorderly piled up neatly.These wastes are piled up in environment and are usually produced various harmful microorganisms, also serious harm people's health in contaminate environment.Therefore, it is severe that China's suburban countryside pollutes situation, as not administering, will cause bigger environmental problem.
The dry method anaerobically fermenting is meant the anaerobically fermenting treatment process of TS massfraction 20%～50%.Dry process has remarkable advantages, can adapt to the solid organic castoff in various sources; Working cost is low, and has improved the volume power production capacity; Water requirement is low or do not need water, conserve water resource; It is few to produce natural pond liquid, and the waste residue water cut is low, and the subsequent disposal expense is low; Operational process is stable, problems such as the scum silica frost in the no wet processing, deposition; Reduced the foul smell discharging.The dry method anaerobically fermenting can be used as that solid waste is innoxious, the effective ways of recycling treatment; Up to now; Some exploration and researchs about the mechanism of action in dried fermentation parameter optimization and the composting process have been arranged, and it also is difficult point that focus is not only in the research that dried fermentation reaction equipment, natural pond slag are handled.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide quick startup of anaerobism and the integrated fermentation process of anaerobic-aerobic under a kind of coldcondition; In the hope of on the basis of dried fermentation technique, theoretical developments and practical application experience; After carrying out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process; Let a jar intravital solid organic castoff carry out " aerobic composting " fermenting process; It is close-coupled processing to carry out the natural pond slag, to solve the problem that is left to be desired that occurs in solid waste treatment and disposal and the fermentative prodn, enlarges scope and level that the solid waste real-time on-site is handled.The solid waste such as domestic refuse and feces of livestock and poultry that can realize ground such as rural area, town dweller district, livestock and poultry farm obtain on the spot, in time, dispose easily.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, technical solution of the present invention is:
Anaerobism starts and the integrated fermentation process of anaerobic-aerobic fast under a kind of coldcondition, and it comprises step:
A) be made as biogas storage tank and air conducting to another valve, energized starts air, electric heating machine, and the biogas in the biogas storage tank is poured in the tank body, and simultaneously, the biogas heating of electric heating machine to feeding in the pipeline realizes cold-starting;
B) hot biogas is heated to the intravital material of jar, carries out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, the gas that produces in fermentation input gas storage bag; The thermal insulation layer of tank body interlayer is incubated fermenting process simultaneously, realizes the temperature in the anaerobically fermenting is controlled;
C) after " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, be made as atmosphere and air conducting to another valve, the solid materials of natural pond slag in the tank body is carried out " aerobic composting " fermentation;
D) after aerobic compost was accomplished in tank body, compost took out use by the feed inlet and outlet of tank body upper end.
Described fermentation process, it is said controls the temperature in the anaerobically fermenting, is to regulate the Heating temperature of electric heating machine and the insulation effect through thermal insulation layer.
Described fermentation process, its said coldcondition is under≤20 ℃ of conditions; Start fast anaerobically fermenting natural starting speed when reaching temperature>=20 ℃ for toggle speed.
The integrated fermentation unit of pillar aerobic-anaerobic that a kind of described fermentation process uses comprises fermentor tank, gas storage bag, air, electric heating machine, pipeline; Fermentor tank comprises double-deck tank body, thermal insulation layer and top cover, has been horizontally disposed with one deck sieve plate in the tank body, and the upper strata is a fermentation cabin, and lower floor is gas buffer chamber and percolate storage pool; Tank body is a cylindrical bowl bodies of bilayer, thermal insulation layer is arranged between two-layer, and the feed inlet and outlet and the top seal of tank body upper end are affixed, and top cover is provided with pneumatic outlet; It is characterized in that: the tank body lower end is provided with inlet mouth; Outside the tank body, pneumatic outlet is connected with the gas storage bag, and the gas storage bag is with pipeline be linked in sequence air, electric heating machine, and the electric heating machine is connected through the inlet mouth of pipeline with the tank body lower end again; On the gas storage bag, be provided with valve, on gas storage bag and pipeline that air links to each other, another valve arranged; Valve on the gas storage bag has gas-holder through pipe connection;
A plurality of temp probes are installed on inner tank wall, in the gas storage bag biogas are arranged, air, electric heating machine are connected with power supply.
Described integrated fermentation unit, the diameter of its said fermentor tank are 0.5～2.0m, highly are 1.5～3m.
Described integrated fermentation unit, its said sieve plate upper strata is a fermentation cabin, and sieve plate lower floor is gas buffer chamber and percolate scratch pool, and the ratio of upper and lower layer height is 6: 1～4: 1, and the diameter of sieve aperture is 0.25～1.00cm.
Described integrated fermentation unit, its said another valve is three-way valve, and one input end communicates with the gas storage bag, and another input terminus communicates with atmosphere/biogas storage tank, and output terminal communicates with air.
Described integrated fermentation unit, a plurality of temp probes on its said inner tank wall are distributed in gas buffer chamber, reaction cabin.
Described integrated fermentation unit, its said gas storage bag, its maximum volume are 1 times of dry fermentation device fermentation cabin.
The present invention can realize that life in the countryside rubbish, plant husbandry waste, excrement of animals obtain on the spot, treatment and disposal timely, anaerobic dry fermentation and aerobic composting process is carried out close-coupled processing, can make operating process convenient; Dress/discharging is easy; To the natural pond slag aerobic compost in the anaerobic dry fermentation, improve the recycling rate of natural pond slag, can save the energy and reduce running cost; Reach the ambient level that improves urban residents, solution rubbish disorderly falls, muck huddles, the phenomenon of the random buttress of faggot.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device synoptic diagram of quick startup of anaerobism under the coldcondition of the present invention and the integrated fermentation process of anaerobic-aerobic;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of quick startup of anaerobism under the coldcondition of the present invention and the integrated fermentation process of anaerobic-aerobic.
Drawing reference numeral: 1-top cover; The 2-tank body; 3-gas storage bag; The 4-pneumatic outlet; The 5-thief hole; The 6-sieve plate; The 7-air; 8-electric heating machine; 9a, the 9b-valve; The 10-thermal insulation layer; The 11-reaction cabin; 12-gas buffer chamber; The 13-temp probe; The 14-pipeline; The 15-inlet mouth.
Embodiment
A kind of column type anaerobic of the present invention---aerobic integratedization fermentation unit, its concrete structure is as shown in Figure 1: aerobic integratedization of column type anaerobic fermentation unit comprises fermentor tank 2, gas storage bag 3, air 7, electric heating machine 8, pipeline 14.Fermentor tank comprises tank body 2, thermal insulation layer 10 and top cover 1, and tank body 2 is a cylindrical bowl bodies of bilayer, thermal insulation layer 10 is arranged between two-layer, and affixed with flangeseal between the feed inlet and outlet of tank body 2 upper ends and the top cover 1, top cover 1 is provided with pneumatic outlet 4.Be horizontally disposed with sieve plate in the tank body 2, the diameter of sieve aperture is 0.25～1.00cm, and 1 of sieve plate 6 and top cover are reaction cabin, and sieve plate 6 is gas buffer chamber 12 with a jar end, and the ratio of upper and lower layer height is 6: 1～4: 1, and tank body 2 lower ends are provided with inlet mouth 15.
Outside the tank body 2, pneumatic outlet 4 is connected with gas storage bag 3, and gas storage bag 3 is with pipeline 14 be linked in sequence air 7, electric heating machine 8, and electric heating machine 8 is connected through the inlet mouth 15 of pipeline 14 with tank body 2 lower ends again; On gas storage bag 3, be provided with valve 9a, on gas storage bag 3 and pipeline 14 that air 7 links to each other, another valve 9b arranged.Another valve 9b is three-way valve, and one input end communicates with gas storage bag 3, another input terminus and atmosphere, and output terminal communicates with air 7.
The volume of gas storage bag 3 is 1 times of dry fermentation device fermentation cabin.In the gas storage bag 3 biogas is arranged, air 7, electric heating machine 8 are connected with power supply.
1/2 to 2/3 place at tank body 2 sidewalls is provided with 3 thief holes altogether.Tank body 2 inwalls are provided with a plurality of temp probes 13, and a plurality of temp probes 13 are distributed in reaction cabin 11, gas buffer chamber 12.
A kind of column type anaerobic of the present invention---its flow process of aerobic integratedization fermentation unit comprises step:
A) be made as biogas storage tank (not illustrating among the figure) and air 7 conductings to another valve 9b, energized starts air 7, electric heating machine 8; Biogas in the biogas storage tank is poured in the tank body 2; Simultaneously, the biogas heating that feeds in 8 pairs of pipelines 14 of electric heating machine realizes cold-starting.
B) hot biogas is heated to the material in the tank body 2, carries out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, the gas that produces in fermentation input gas storage bag 3; 10 pairs of fermenting process insulations of thermal insulation layer of tank body interlayer realize the temperature in the anaerobically fermenting is controlled at about 20 ℃～30 ℃ simultaneously;
The size that valve 9a on the adjustments of gas reservoir bag 3 opens, and pipeline 14 on another valve 9b size of opening, simultaneously or the Heating temperature of regulating electric heating machine 8 separately, carry out temperature control.
C) after " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, be made as atmosphere and air 7 conductings to another valve 9b, the solid materials of natural pond slags in the tank body 2 is carried out " aerobic composting " fermentation.
D) after aerobic compost was accomplished in tank body 2, compost took out use by the feed inlet and outlet 1 of tank body 2 upper ends.
The present invention is the close-coupled processing design of natural pond slag; After carrying out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, let the solid organic castoffs in the tank body 2 carry out " aerobic composting " fermenting process, it is close-coupled processing to carry out the natural pond slag; Behind anaerobically fermenting; The natural pond slag need not take out and can directly be used for aerobic compost, improves the recycling of natural pond slag, makes above-mentioned fermentation system produce biogas and/or organic fertilizer continuously and stably.
Claims (9)
1. anaerobism starts and the integrated fermentation process of anaerobic-aerobic fast under the coldcondition, it is characterized in that: comprise step:
A) be made as biogas storage tank and air conducting to another valve, energized starts air, electric heating machine, and the biogas in the biogas storage tank is poured in the tank body, and simultaneously, the biogas heating of electric heating machine to feeding in the pipeline realizes cold-starting;
B) hot biogas is heated to the intravital material of jar, carries out " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, the gas that produces in fermentation input gas storage bag; The thermal insulation layer of tank body interlayer is incubated fermenting process simultaneously, realizes the temperature in the anaerobically fermenting is controlled;
C) after " anaerobic gas generation " fermenting process, be made as atmosphere and air conducting to another valve, the solid materials of natural pond slag in the tank body is carried out " aerobic composting " fermentation;
D) after aerobic compost was accomplished in tank body, compost took out use by the feed inlet and outlet of tank body upper end.
2. fermentation process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said temperature in the anaerobically fermenting being controlled, is to regulate the Heating temperature of electric heating machine and the insulation effect through thermal insulation layer.
3. fermentation process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said coldcondition, under≤20 ℃ of conditions; Start fast anaerobically fermenting natural starting speed when reaching temperature>=20 ℃ for toggle speed.
4. the integrated fermentation unit of pillar aerobic-anaerobic that fermentation process according to claim 1 uses comprises fermentor tank, gas storage bag, air, electric heating machine, pipeline; Fermentor tank comprises tank body, thermal insulation layer and top cover, and tank body is a cylindrical bowl bodies of bilayer, thermal insulation layer is arranged between two-layer, and the feed inlet and outlet and the top seal of tank body upper end are affixed, and top cover is provided with pneumatic outlet; It is characterized in that: be horizontally disposed with two layers of sieve plate in the tank body, each has distance with two ends to reach two layers of sieve plate between two layers of sieve plate, is reaction cabin between two layers of sieve plate, is the gas buffer chamber between upper strata sieve plate and top cover, and the tank body lower end is provided with inlet mouth; Outside the tank body, pneumatic outlet is connected with the gas storage bag, and the gas storage bag is with pipeline be linked in sequence air, electric heating machine, and the electric heating machine is connected through the inlet mouth of pipeline with the tank body lower end again; On the gas storage bag, be provided with valve, on gas storage bag and pipeline that air links to each other, another valve arranged;
A plurality of temp probes are installed on inner tank wall, in the gas storage bag biogas are arranged, air, electric heating machine are connected with power supply.
5. integrated fermentation unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the diameter of said fermentor tank is 0.5～2.0m, highly is 1.5～3m.
6. integrated fermentation unit according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: said sieve plate upper strata is a fermentation cabin; Sieve plate lower floor is gas buffer chamber and percolate scratch pool, and the ratio of upper and lower layer height is 6: 1～4: 1, and the diameter of sieve aperture is 0.25～1.00cm.
7. integrated fermentation unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that: said another valve, be three-way valve, and one input end communicates with the gas storage bag, and another input terminus communicates with atmosphere/biogas storage tank, and output terminal communicates with air.
8. integrated fermentation unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that: a plurality of temp probes on the said inner tank wall are distributed in gas buffer chamber, reaction cabin.
9. integrated fermentation unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that: said gas storage bag, its maximum volume are 1 times of dry fermentation device fermentation cabin.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105948832A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 北京科技大学 | Small-size kitchen garbage fermentation device |
| CN106950082A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-14 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of oil pollution marine site sampler |
| CN108723067A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-02 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of integrated form domestic garbage resource processing system and its processing method |
| CN108929846A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-04 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of packaged type aerobic compost and anaerobic fermentation system |
| CN112410174A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-26 | 王斌 | Laminar flow fermentation device and fermentation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1431173A (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2003-07-23 | 湖南大学 | Anaerobic and aerobic integrative type compost response operator |
| CN101045652A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-10-03 | 陈志琦 | Comprehensive treatment method of bio-pollutant |
| CN101215046A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2008-07-09 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Firedamp type anaerobic aerobic integrated biochemical reactor |
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2010
- 2010-11-30 CN CN201010574250.8A patent/CN102476959B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1431173A (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2003-07-23 | 湖南大学 | Anaerobic and aerobic integrative type compost response operator |
| CN101045652A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-10-03 | 陈志琦 | Comprehensive treatment method of bio-pollutant |
| CN101215046A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2008-07-09 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Firedamp type anaerobic aerobic integrated biochemical reactor |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105948832A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 北京科技大学 | Small-size kitchen garbage fermentation device |
| CN105948832B (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2019-08-06 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of small-sized kitchen garbage installation for fermenting |
| CN106950082A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-14 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of oil pollution marine site sampler |
| CN106950082B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2024-02-02 | 河北工业大学 | Petroleum pollution sea area sampling device |
| CN108723067A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-02 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of integrated form domestic garbage resource processing system and its processing method |
| CN108929846A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-04 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of packaged type aerobic compost and anaerobic fermentation system |
| CN108929846B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2023-08-04 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Movable aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation system |
| CN112410174A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-26 | 王斌 | Laminar flow fermentation device and fermentation method thereof |
| CN112410174B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2023-08-11 | 王天浩 | Laminar flow fermentation device and fermentation method thereof |
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| CN102476959B (en) | 2014-07-16 |
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