CN102422036A - 密封的球面滚柱轴承组件 - Google Patents

密封的球面滚柱轴承组件 Download PDF

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CN102422036A
CN102422036A CN2010800210052A CN201080021005A CN102422036A CN 102422036 A CN102422036 A CN 102422036A CN 2010800210052 A CN2010800210052 A CN 2010800210052A CN 201080021005 A CN201080021005 A CN 201080021005A CN 102422036 A CN102422036 A CN 102422036A
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ring
roller bearing
sealing
swagelok
outer ring
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CN102422036B (zh
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罗科·多奇莫
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Fifth Schaeffler Investment Management & CoKg GmbH
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
    • F16C23/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C23/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
    • F16C23/082—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting by means of at least one substantially spherical surface
    • F16C23/086—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting by means of at least one substantially spherical surface forming a track for rolling elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
    • F16C33/7806—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for spherical roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7859—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element
    • F16C33/7863—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element mounted to the inner race, e.g. a flinger to use centrifugal effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7889—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to an inner race and extending toward the outer race
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
    • F16C35/073—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between shaft and inner race ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
    • F16C2226/10—Force connections, e.g. clamping
    • F16C2226/16—Force connections, e.g. clamping by wedge action, e.g. by tapered or conical parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings

Abstract

一种密封的球面滚柱轴承组件，具有带有密封槽(6)的外圈(2)和带有中心孔的内圈(1)。多个滚动元件(3，4)被布置在所述内圈(1)和外圈(2)之间。设置有密封件(9)，所述密封件在其外径上具有密封元件，该密封元件接合在所述外圈(2)中的密封槽(6)中。

Description

密封的球面滚柱轴承组件
技术领域
本发明涉及密封的球面滚柱轴承。球面滚柱轴承通常用于可能发生轴向不对齐的情况。球面滚柱轴承的内部布置允许轴承的内圈变得与轴承的外圈轴向不对齐，但是同时仍然保持轴承的提供减小的滚动摩擦的能力。
背景技术
球面滚柱轴承的内部部件的布置关于密封轴承使其不受外部污染物影响以及将润滑剂保持在轴承中存在特殊的问题。大多数轴承密封装置采用相对坚固的密封构件，该密封构件被牢固地附接至轴承的内圈或外圈，而密封件的另一边缘与旋转滚道刮扫(wiping)接触。
在现有技术的一种类型的密封的球面滚柱轴承中，密封件被压入外圈的槽中，这通常能够导致外圈在安装过程中变形。该变形导致轴承的高的操作温度、噪音、振动、润滑剂泄漏以及过早的轴承失效。
在美国专利No.5,908,249中公开了用于轴承组件的密封布置的一个具体实例。该密封布置具有多个主密封件，所述主密封件包括滚压浮动式密封件和倾斜接触式密封件，其中有一中心唇部布置在滚压骑缝式密封件(rolled riding seal)和倾斜接触式密封件(oblique contactseal)之间。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目标是提供一种密封的球面滚柱轴承，该球面滚柱轴承避免了上面讨论的与现有技术的密封的球面滚柱轴承有关的问题。
按照将在下文中变得清楚的该目标和其它的目标，本发明的一个方面在于一种球面滚柱轴承，所述球面滚柱轴承具有带有密封槽的外圈和具有中心孔的内圈。第一多个滚动元件和第二多个滚动元件被布置在内圈和外圈之间。还提供了接头套管，所述接着套管具有用于安装在轴上的中心孔。内圈被安装在接头套管上、接合在外圈的密封槽中并且遮盖外圈和内圈之间的轴向朝向外的空间，以包围滚动元件和布置在滚动元件周围的润滑剂。密封件可以是接触式(图1)式密封件或迷宫式(图1a)密封件。在安装过程中，轴承被推压到接头套管上，直到轴承的内圈的表面紧密抵靠接头套管的肩部。该位置通过内圈到接头套管上的预定的轴向上升距离获得。这保证了精确的径向内部间隙减小和所需的轴上的配合。
通过利用接头套管，以更高的精度和避免对外圈的损伤而更容易地安装和拆卸是可能的。
在一个实施例中，本发明的密封件是本质上由三个部件构成的迷宫式密封件。第一部件是剖面为L形构造的内部部件。L的短边抵靠内圈的径向外侧表面并且L的长边朝向外圈延伸。第二部件是大致L形(剖面)的外部部件，该外部部件具有靠在内部部件的短边的顶部上的短边和在外圈的方向上延伸的长边。L形部件的长边相互平行并相互隔开。外部部件的长边的上端朝向外圈成角度。第三部件是具有环形形状的中间部件，该中间部件具有接合在外圈中的密封槽中的外边缘。该部件也可以用保持圈而固定在外圈的密封槽中。中间部件从该外周边缘朝向内圈延伸并成角度，以位于外部部件与内部部件之间并大致与外部部件和内部部件等距地隔开，从而补偿轴承座的轴偏转和不对齐。密封元件从中间部件朝向内部部件和外部部件延伸，以保持中间部件在其它两个部件之间的密封。采用该方法，从轴承的内部到轴承的外部提供了接触迷宫式密封件。
在另一个实施例中，部件之间的密封元件被省略，从而密封件是非接触迷宫式密封件。
轴承能够具有圆筒形孔或锥形孔。当提供锥形孔时，内圈的具有较大的孔径的端部被推压，以紧密抵靠接头套管的肩部。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，在接头套管的内部设置通道以允许液压流体源的连接，从而便于轴承和接头套管的液压安装和拆卸。
在本发明又一个实施例中，密封件能够是被接合在外圈的密封槽中的板，该板朝向内圈延伸。在板的远端设置多个刮扫器元件，该多个刮扫器元件从板延伸并以滑动的方式接合在内圈的径向外侧表面中。刮扫器与板一起形成密封元件，以使污染物远离滚动元件，而同时保持滚动元件中的润滑剂。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，密封件是从内圈朝向外圈径向延伸的板。橡胶密封件被固定至板的外周边缘附近的轴向内侧，该橡胶密封件具有沿外圈的表面的接触。所述板通过设置在外圈的密封槽中的卡环而固定到位。卡环在所述板的外周边缘处接触所述板的轴向外侧表面。在该实施例中，接头套管被构造为具有朝向所述板轴向向内延伸的突起，以将所述板保持到位。
在下面借助于附图对于本发明的说明中，披露了本发明的进一步的优点、特征和细节。
附图说明
图1是本发明的轴承的剖视图；
图1a是迷宫式密封件的另一个实施例的、如图1中所示的视图；
图2是密封件的另一个实施例的、如图1中所示的视图；
图3示出了密封件的另一个实施例的细节；
图4是液压接头套管的另一个实施例的、如图1中所示的视图；和
图5是示出轴承的干式安装的、如图1中所示的视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的密封的球面滚柱轴承组件的轴向剖面。滚柱轴承具有内圈1和外圈2。第一多个滚动元件3和第二多个滚动元件4被布置在内圈1和外圈2之间。外圈具有环形密封槽6。
图1中示出的密封件5是具有三个部件的迷宫接触式密封件。第一部件是L形的内部部件7。L形具有与内圈1的径向外侧表面附接的短腿7a和与短腿7a垂直并朝向外圈2延伸的长腿7b。密封件5进一步包括L形的外部部件8。该外部部件具有与内部部件7的短腿7a的径向外侧表面附接的短腿8a。长腿8b在外圈2的方向上从短腿8a垂直地延伸，使得长腿8b与内部部件7的长腿7b平行并与长腿7b保持一定距离。长腿8b具有朝向外圈2成角度的端部8c。中间部件9在内圈1的方向上从外圈2的的密封槽6向内延伸。中间部件9是成角度的，大体上在外部部件8的长腿8b与内部部件7的长腿7b之间的中间延伸，由此在轴承的内部区域与外部环境之间形成迷宫式密封件。密封元件10从中间部件9突出，以保持中间部件9在内部部件7与外部部件8之间的位置，从而补偿轴承座的轴偏转和不对齐。保持环或卡环20能够用于将中间部件9保持在槽6中。
内圈1被安装于可安装在轴上的接头套管11上。接头套管11具有轴向向内指向的肩部12，当内圈1被安装在套管11上时，内圈1的轴向外侧表面抵接该肩部12。
图1a中的密封件与图1中的相同，但是没有密封元件10。
图2在附图的右侧示出密封件和接头套管的替代实施例。在该实施例中，密封件具有从外圈2朝向内圈1突出的板14。橡胶密封环15在板的轴向内侧上设置位于板14的外周边缘处，使得橡胶环15能够接合外圈2。卡环16设置在密封槽6中以接触板14的轴向外侧并保持板14相对于外圈2的位置。在该实施例中，接头套管11具有朝向板14的外表面延伸并且轴向向内定向的突起13以保护密封装置件。密封件21被安装在套管11上并且具有与板14接触的突出边缘。
图3示出密封件的再一个实施例。在该实施例中，中间部件9具有至少一个设置在中间部件9的内周边缘或其附近的弹性体刮扫器17。刮扫器17接合内圈1的径向外侧表面以提供与内圈1的径向外侧表面的滑动接触。应当注意的是，虽然刮扫器17被示出为在密封件的中间部件上，但是在这样的结构下，某些情况下仅以中间部件作为密封件而去掉内部部件7和外部部件8是可能的。
图4示出了其中通道18、19设置在接头套管11中的实施例。这些通道在沿接头套管11的若干点处退出，使得液压流体能够被供给至通道，以易于轴承在接头套管11上的安装和拆卸。
图5示出轴承的干式安装。
虽然已经关于本发明的特定实施例描述了本发明，但是任何其它的变化和修改和其它的用途对于本领域的技术人员来说将变得更清楚。因此，优选的是，本发明并不受限于这里的具体公开，但是仅由所附的权利要求书限定。

Claims (11)

1.一种密封的球面滚柱轴承组件，包括：
具有密封槽的外圈；
具有中心孔的内圈；
布置在所述内圈和所述外圈之间的多个滚动元件；
密封件，所述密封件在其外径处具有密封元件，该密封元件接合在所述外圈中的密封槽中。
2.如权利要求1所述的滚柱轴承组件，其中，所述密封件还包括：L形的内部部件和L形的外部部件，所述内部部件和所述外部部件中的每一个均具有与所述内圈的外侧径向表面附接的短腿和在所述外圈的方向上从所述短腿垂直地延伸的长腿，所述长腿彼此平行并彼此隔开；和中间部件，所述中间部件在所述内部部件的长腿和所述外部部件的长腿之间居中地从所述外圈延伸。
3.如权利要求2所述的滚柱轴承组件，其中，所述密封元件被设置在所述中间部件的径向内部区域中，以从所述中间部件朝向所述内部部件的长腿和所述外部部件的长腿延伸，由此保持所述中间部件定位在所述内部部件和所述外部部件之间。
4.如权利要求2所述的滚柱轴承组件，其中，所述外部部件的长腿具有朝向所述外圈成角度的径向外端区域。
5.如权利要求1所述的滚柱轴承组件，还包括接头套管，所述内圈被安装在所述接头套管上，且所述接头套管具有轴向向内指向的、与所述内圈的轴向外侧表面抵接的肩部。
6.如权利要求1所述的滚柱轴承组件，其中，密封件被设置于所述外圈的轴向两端。
7.如权利要求1所述的滚柱轴承组件，其中，所述密封件包括环形板，所述密封元件位于所述环形板的外周界上，并且至少一个弹性体刮扫器被设置于所述环形板的内径附近，以使所述刮扫器以滑动的方式与所述内圈接合。
8.如权利要求5所述的滚柱轴承组件，其中，用于液压流体的通道被设置于所述接头套管中。
9.如权利要求1所述的滚柱轴承组件，其中，所述密封件包括被附接至所述内圈并朝向所述外圈延伸的环形板，所述密封元件是弹性体环，所述弹性体环位于所述环形板的与所述环形板的外周边缘邻近的轴向内侧表面上，并且所述密封元件还包括卡环，所述卡环被设置在所述外圈的所述密封槽中，邻近所述环形板的在所述外周边缘的区域中的轴向外侧表面。
10.如权利要求9所述的滚柱轴承组件，其中，还包括接头套管，所述接头套管具有轴向向内指向的肩部，所述内圈被安装在所述接头套管上，使得所述内圈的轴向端面与所述接头套管的肩部接合，所述接头套管还具有延伸得紧邻所述环形板的外表面的、轴向向内指向的突起。
11.如权利要求10所述的滚柱轴承组件，其中，所述向内指向的突起径向地位于所述肩部之外。
CN201080021005.2A 2009-06-05 2010-05-28 密封的球面滚柱轴承组件 Expired - Fee Related CN102422036B (zh)

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