A kind of VDMOS device with non-homogeneous chinampa structure
Technical field
The invention belongs to the power semiconductor technical field, (Vertical Double Diffusion MOSFET VDMOS), especially has the VDMOS device of chinampa structure to relate to vertical double diffusion Metal-oxide-semicondutor FET.
Background technology
The VDMOS device has plurality of advantages such as input impedance height, switching speed are fast, driven, Heat stability is good, thereby in power system, has widely and use.In switching device is used, hope that usually VDMOS not only has high puncture voltage, and have low conducting resistance to have good body diode reverse recovery characteristics simultaneously to suppress noise and the voltage surge in the switching process to reduce power consumption.Because there is the restricting relation (conducting resistance is proportional to 2.5 powers of puncture voltage) of conducting resistance and puncture voltage in traditional VDMOS; The researcher once proposed to introduce the compromise (as shown in Figure 1) that super-junction structure (super-junction) is optimized conducting resistance and puncture voltage in the drift region of common VDMOS device; But because super-junction structure has two big shortcomings: the reverse recovery characteristic difference of body diode and manufacture craft difficulty are high, and feasible application scenario with VDMOS device of super-junction structure is restricted and cost remains high.
For overcoming the shortcoming of super junction device; Document C é zac N; Morancho F; Rossel P, Tranducand H, Peyre Lavigne A.A New Generation of Power Unipolar Devices:the Concept of the FLoating Islands MOS Transistor.Proceedings of the 12
ThInternational symposium on power semiconductor Devices and ICs Toulouse.France, May 22-25,2000 p69 propose a kind of chinampa MOSFET (FLoating Islands MOSFET, notion FLIMOS).Through in the VDMOS device drift region, introducing the chinampa of opposite doping type; Can under the situation that does not reduce device electric breakdown strength, reduce its conducting resistance; Its reason is: the chinampa of introducing and drift region have formed additional PN junction, and a plurality of PN junctions can bear higher withstand voltage.Can reduce break-over of device resistance through increasing the drift region doping content in that withstand voltage constant situation is next.
In theory, the puncture voltage of chinampa MOSFET can increase along with the increase of chinampa number.In order to obtain the better compromise of conducting resistance and puncture voltage, document Luo X R, Fu D P; Gao H M; Chen X.Ultra-low On-resistance Trench Gate MOSFET with Buried P-Island.IEEE International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems (ICCCAS), Chengdu; China; July 28-30,2010 p496 have proposed a kind of two groove gate power MOS FET devices on P island that bury that have, and adopt self-registered technology to form width, thickness and doping content uniform two-layer p type chinampa structure (as shown in Figure 3).
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of VDMOS device with non-homogeneous chinampa structure; Through in the drift region of VDMOS device, introduce multilayer heterogeneous, with the chinampa structure of drift region films of opposite conductivity; Under the situation that does not increase conducting resistance, improve device withstand voltage, alleviated conducting resistance and withstand voltage between contradiction.Compare with traditional VDMOS device, under the identical situation of puncture voltage, the VDMOS device with non-homogeneous chinampa structure provided by the invention can adopt the epitaxial loayer with higher electric resistivity, thereby conducting resistance is reduced greatly; Compare with the VDMOS device with super-junction structure, the body diode reverse recovery characteristics in the VDMOS device with non-homogeneous chinampa structure provided by the invention is better, and technology is simple relatively, and process allowance is bigger; Compare with the VDMOS device with even chinampa structure, the VDMOS device current path when conducting with non-homogeneous chinampa structure provided by the invention is wideer, and conducting resistance is further reduced.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of VDMOS device with non-homogeneous chinampa structure; As shown in Figure 4, comprise metallization source electrode 1, polygate electrodes 2, insulating medium layer 3, the first conductive type semiconductor doping source region 4, the second conductive type semiconductor base 5, the second conductive type semiconductor doping contact zone 6, the first conductive type semiconductor doped drift region 7, the first conductive type semiconductor doped substrate 10 and metallization drain electrode 11.Metallization drain electrode 11 is positioned at the back side of the first conductive type semiconductor doped substrate 10, and the first conductive type semiconductor doped drift region 7 is positioned at the front of the first conductive type semiconductor doped substrate 10; The second conductive type semiconductor base 5 is positioned at the both sides, top of the first conductive type semiconductor doped drift region 7, has in the second conductive type semiconductor base 5 respectively and the metallization source electrode 1 contacted first conductive type semiconductor doping source region 4 and the second conductive type semiconductor doping contact zone 6; Gate dielectric layer is positioned at the upper surface of the second conductive type semiconductor base 5 and the first conductive type semiconductor doped drift region 7; Polygate electrodes 2 is positioned at the upper surface of gate dielectric layer, and what fill between polygate electrodes 2 and the metallization source electrode 1 is insulating medium layer 3.The said first conductive type semiconductor doped drift region 7 inside also have non-homogeneous chinampa structure, and said non-homogeneous chinampa structure comprises the two-layer at least second conductive type semiconductor chinampa: the second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 8 and the lower floor second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 9, upper strata; The transverse width dimension on the second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 8, said upper strata is greater than the transverse width dimension on the lower floor second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 9, and the doping content on the second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 8, said upper strata is less than the doping content on the lower floor second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 9.
VDMOS device with non-homogeneous chinampa structure provided by the invention, alleviated traditional VDMOS conducting resistance and withstand voltage between contradiction, at the constant situation decline low on-resistance of puncture voltage.Compare with even chinampa VDMOS structure, its current path is wideer, under same breakdown voltage, has lower conducting resistance.Compare with super-junction structure, the reverse recovery characteristic of body diode is better; The extrusion effect that does not have electric current under the high pressure, resistance can not increase, and technology is simple relatively simultaneously, and process allowance is bigger.Existing is that example is explained operation principle of the present invention with N channel device (like Fig. 4).
As shown in Figure 4, the VDMOS device with non-homogeneous chinampa structure provided by the present invention is on the basis of common VDMOS structure, at N
-Form P chinampa, upper strata heterogeneous 8 and lower floor P chinampa 9 in the drift region 7.The width on P chinampa, upper strata 8 is big but doping content is less, and the width on lower floor P chinampa 9 is less but doping content is bigger.For verifying the working mechanism of non-homogeneous chinampa VDMOS, the common VDMOS with identical N type epitaxial thickness and doping content, even chinampa VDMOS and non-homogeneous chinampa VDMOS have been carried out electrology characteristic emulation, the Electric Field Distribution when their puncture is as shown in Figure 5.Can find out the distribution triangular in shape of common VDMOS drift region electric field, and the drift region electric field of even chinampa VDMOS and non-homogeneous chinampa VDMOS there are three peak values.
The mechanism of chinampa structure raising puncture voltage is similar with the floating barnyard limiting ring structure in the plane terminal.As shown in Figure 6, under anti-situation partially, the depletion region of the PN junction that forms when P district and N drift region is during to the ground floor chinampa, and chinampa electromotive force increase and then produce new depletion layer is up to the orlop chinampa.Therefore, the maximum field at the PN junction place that P district and N drift region form is divided into a plurality of peak electric field, and puncture voltage is born by a plurality of PN junctions longitudinally jointly.In floating barnyard limit loop technique, can optimize terminal structure, reach the puncture voltage higher than even end ring through the doping content of adjustment ring spacing, ring width and ring.In like manner, non-homogeneous chinampa VDMOS also can obtain the compromise that has better conducting resistance and puncture voltage than even chinampa VDMOS.The situation that n layer chinampa arranged for the drift region; Puncture voltage is evenly shared by (n+1) individual PN junction; Reduced but compare the conducting area with common VDMOS structure, Fig. 7 has provided common VDMOS, even chinampa VDMOS and the current distributing figure of non-homogeneous chinampa VDMOS when conducting.Therefore evenly but chinampa structure drift zone resistance approximate representation is:
R wherein
D, limAnd R
D_HIt is respectively the drift zone resistance of common VDMOS and even chinampa VDMOS.The reason that non-homogeneous chinampa VDMOS is lower than the conducting resistance of even chinampa VDMOS is that current path is bigger.
Along with the increase of n, the tradeoff of conducting resistance and puncture voltage can improve, but technology can become more complicated.Therefore the structure that proposes of the present invention more has superiority in low pressure applications, and only need less chinampa number this moment, only increases less technology cost and just can under the constant situation of puncture voltage, obtain lower conducting resistance.
Compare with hyperconjugation VDMOS, the advantage of the VDMOS device with non-homogeneous chinampa structure that the present invention proposes is to have better body diode reverse recovery characteristics.In the hyperconjugation VDMOS,, there is a large amount of non-equilibrium few sons to be injected in the drift region when causing the body diode forward conduction because P post district has introduced large-area PN junction in the epitaxial loayer.Before device bears high back voltage, these non-equilibrium few sons must remove fully, the QRR that this has just increased.Simultaneously, the drain-source electric capacity (C of super junction VDMOS
Ds) in the reverse process of recovering, change acutely.C when drain-source voltage is low
DsVery big, and when P post district and N drift region exhaust C
DsCan reduce rapidly.Therefore, the reverse recovery characteristic of super junction VDMOS body diode is harder.In the VDMOS structure of non-homogeneous chinampa, because the P island is floating empty, current potential is variable, and the few subnumber order that is injected into the drift region by the P island is much smaller than super junction VDMOS, and therefore the drain-source changes in capacitance has better body diode reverse recovery characteristics also much smaller than super junction VDMOS.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is common VDMOS device architecture sketch map.
Fig. 2 is a super junction VDMOS device architecture sketch map.
Fig. 3 is the even chinampa VDMOS device architecture sketch map that proposes in the existing document.
Fig. 4 is a kind of VDMOS device architecture sketch map with non-homogeneous chinampa structure provided by the invention.
Among Fig. 1 to Fig. 4: the 1st, metallization source electrode, the 2nd, polygate electrodes, the 3rd, spacer medium, the 4th, N
+The source region, the 5th, P type base, the 6th, P
+The district, the 7th, N
-The drift region, the 8th, chinampa, upper strata, the 9th, lower floor chinampa, the 10th, N
+Substrate, the 11st, the metallization drain electrode.
Fig. 5 is the common VDMOS with identical epitaxial thickness and doping content, even chinampa VDMOS and the distribution map of the electric field of non-homogeneous chinampa VDMOS when avalanche breakdown takes place.
Wherein, figure (a) is common VDMOS, and figure (b) is even chinampa VDMOS, and figure (c) is non-homogeneous chinampa VDMOS.
Fig. 6 is resistance and the Electric Field Distribution sketch map of drift region VDMOS that the non-homogeneous chinampa of n layer arranged.
L wherein
aThe width of polygate electrodes 2 among the expression half dollar born of the same parents, L
bThe width of the second conductive type semiconductor base 5 among the expression half dollar born of the same parents, Rch, R
JFET, R
DRepresent channel resistance, JFET district resistance and drift zone resistance respectively.
Fig. 7 representes common VDMOS, even chinampa VDMOS and the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of non-homogeneous chinampa VDMOS when conducting.
Wherein (a) is common VDMOS structure, (b) is even chinampa VDMOS structure, (c) is non-homogeneous chinampa VDMOS structure.
Embodiment
A kind of VDMOS device with non-homogeneous chinampa structure; As shown in Figure 4, comprise metallization source electrode 1, polygate electrodes 2, insulating medium layer 3, the first conductive type semiconductor doping source region 4, the second conductive type semiconductor base 5, the second conductive type semiconductor doping contact zone 6, the first conductive type semiconductor doped drift region 7, the first conductive type semiconductor doped substrate 10 and metallization drain electrode 11.Metallization drain electrode 11 is positioned at the back side of the first conductive type semiconductor doped substrate 10, and the first conductive type semiconductor doped drift region 7 is positioned at the front of the first conductive type semiconductor doped substrate 10; The second conductive type semiconductor base 5 is positioned at the both sides, top of the first conductive type semiconductor doped drift region 7, has in the second conductive type semiconductor base 5 respectively and the metallization source electrode 1 contacted first conductive type semiconductor doping source region 4 and the second conductive type semiconductor doping contact zone 6; Gate dielectric layer is positioned at the upper surface of the second conductive type semiconductor base 5 and the first conductive type semiconductor doped drift region 7; Polygate electrodes 2 is positioned at the upper surface of gate dielectric layer, and what fill between polygate electrodes 2 and the metallization source electrode 1 is insulating medium layer 3.The said first conductive type semiconductor doped drift region 7 inside also have non-homogeneous chinampa structure, and said non-homogeneous chinampa structure comprises the two-layer at least second conductive type semiconductor chinampa: the second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 8 and the lower floor second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 9, upper strata; The transverse width dimension on the second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 8, said upper strata is greater than the transverse width dimension on the lower floor second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 9, and the doping content on the second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 8, said upper strata is less than the doping content on the lower floor second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 9.
When device prepared, its main technique step comprised: (1) is epitaxial growth first conductive type semiconductor layer 7 on the first conductive type semiconductor substrate; (2) inject the formation lower floor second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 9 through photoetching and ion; (3) epitaxial growth first conductive type semiconductor layer 7 once more; (4) inject the formation second conductive type semiconductor chinampa 8, upper strata through photoetching and ion; (5) epitaxial growth first conductive type semiconductor layer 7 once more; 5 photoetching of (6) second conductive type semiconductor bases and ion inject; (7) gate oxidation, the deposit polysilicon, polysilicon doping and photoetching form polygate electrodes 2; (8) photoetching and ion inject the first conductive type semiconductor source region 4; (9) photoetching and ion inject the second conductive type semiconductor contact zone 6; (10) deposit passivation layer, the fine and close and lithography fair lead of annealing; (11) depositing metal anti-carves metal, passivation, photoetching passivation hole etc.
In implementation process, can be as the case may be, under the constant situation of basic structure, carry out certain accommodation design.For example: can adopt following steps when making non-homogeneous chinampa structure: (1) is epitaxial growth first conductive type semiconductor layer on the first conductive type semiconductor substrate; (2) photoetching, high energy ion are injected and are formed the lower floor chinampa; (3) photoetching, low energy ion are injected and are formed the chinampa, upper strata.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the technique scheme, when said first conductive type semiconductor be N type semiconductor, when second conductive type semiconductor is P type semiconductor, said VDMOS device is a N raceway groove VDMOS device; When said first conductive type semiconductor be P type semiconductor, when second conductive type semiconductor is N type semiconductor, said VDMOS device is a P raceway groove VDMOS device.
Those skilled in the art should know; VDMOS device with non-homogeneous chinampa structure provided by the invention; The doping content that can increase the chinampa number of plies, the width that changes the chinampa and spacing and change chinampa according to the needs of device parameters such as puncture voltage waits the conducting resistance of optimised devices and the relation of puncture voltage, thereby obtains the more VDMOS device of low on-resistance, higher reverse recovery characteristic.
Semi-conducting materials such as also available carborundum, GaAs, indium phosphide or germanium silicon composite replace body silicon when making device.