CN102359084B - Simulation regulation and control system and method of percolation performance of aeration zone of river or lake - Google Patents
Simulation regulation and control system and method of percolation performance of aeration zone of river or lake Download PDFInfo
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- CN102359084B CN102359084B CN 201110216894 CN201110216894A CN102359084B CN 102359084 B CN102359084 B CN 102359084B CN 201110216894 CN201110216894 CN 201110216894 CN 201110216894 A CN201110216894 A CN 201110216894A CN 102359084 B CN102359084 B CN 102359084B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation regulation and control system and method of the percolation performance of an aeration zone of a river or a lake and relates to the technical field of research on water and soil resources and environmental engineering. The system comprises a seepage control device, an aeration zone simulation device, an underground water level regulation and control device and a data monitoring system, wherein the seepage control device comprises a seepage control column and a regulation column; the upper layer of the regulation column is connected with the seepage control column through a flange plate, and the lower layer of the regulation column is connected with the aeration zone simulation device through a water supply pipeline and a peristaltic pump; the aeration zone simulation device comprises a plurality of soil columns connected in series, and the underground water level regulation and control device comprises an underground water supply Markov bottle and an underground water balancing device which are connected through an underground water supplementing pipeline, and the underground water balancing device is connected with the aeration zone simulation device through the underground water supplementing pipeline. By adopting the system and the method, the hierarchical accurate simulation of a layered soil structure is realized, the accurate monitoring of the percolation performance of the aeration zone of the river or the lake is realized, and the simulation precision of the different types of layered soil is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water and soil resources and environmental engineering studying technological domain, relate in particular to simulation regulator control system and the method thereof of lake, a kind of river aeration zone filtration characteristic.
Background technology
Lake, river aeration zone is considered to natural clarifier as the filtration system in lake, river, and it can make the pollutant in the wandering water partially or completely remove by series of physical, chemistry and biological agent.And different lake, river aeration zones differs greatly to the clean dirty effect of wandering water, and this is main relevant with the filtration characteristic of aeration zone self.The factor that influences lake, river aeration zone filtration characteristic is a lot, mainly comprises sedimentary deposit composition, aeration zone structure, rate of percolation and hold-up time, temperature etc.Wherein, the sedimentary deposit composition is the major influence factors of lake, river aeration zone filtration characteristic.
Sedimentary deposit-water termination effect realizes that to the lake, river the influence of the underground water water yield and water quality is had considerable effect.Yet but there are the crude sedimentation layer hardly in China and lake, many rivers all over the world, and this causes the surface water rate of percolation too fast, and pollutants removal rate is lower.At present, manually fill out the shop for the lake, river and have and necessarily block water and the control infiltration layer that blocks dirty ability, can control the filtration characteristic of lake, river aeration zone effectively, improve its clean dirty ability and to the protective effect of underground water security.
China still is in the starting stage to the research that utilizes natural stream channel sedimentary deposit or artificial controlled infiltration layer control lake, river aeration zone filtration characteristic, does not form perfect research theory system as yet, and relevant test unit and technical method are also not mature enough.At present, to the research of aeration zone soil moisture and solute transfer rule under the filtration characteristic condition of lake, different river mainly by carrying out in the simulation system of lake, the adjustable natural river of indoor structure aeration zone filtration characteristic.For example, disclose a kind of water salt dynamic monitoring test unit among the utility application CN201575963U, realized the dynamic monitoring under temperature-moisture-salinity-underground water synergy and realized directly reading and handling of data.But in general, the design apparatus size is less, and the simulation yardstick is limited, and scale effect and wall effect are obvious, and the analog result limitation is big, is not easy to be widely used in scientific research.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: simulation regulator control system and method thereof that lake, a kind of river aeration zone filtration characteristic is provided, the layering of realization slaty soil structure is accurately simulated, and can be according to different simulation needs, simulate different control alloying layer thicknesses and ooze measure with different controls, accurately control the filtration characteristic of lake, river aeration zone, improve the simulation precision of dissimilar slaty soils greatly.
(2) technical scheme
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides the simulation regulator control system of lake, a kind of river aeration zone filtration characteristic, comprising: device, aeration zone analogue means, underground water table regulation device and data monitoring system are oozed in face of land water level regulation device, control;
Described face of land water level regulation device connects described control and oozes device;
Described control is oozed device and is comprised:
Post is oozed in control, is used for oozing the permeance property that material is regulated and control aeration zone by loading different controls;
The buffering adjustable column, the upper strata is oozed post by ring flange and control and is connected, and lower floor is connected with the aeration zone analogue means with peristaltic pump by supply channel, is used for adding screed-coat and loaded filter;
Described aeration zone analogue means comprises: the earth pillar of a plurality of series connection by peristaltic pump and supply channel series connection, is used for splendid attire riverbed soil with simulation package band of gas structure;
Described earth pillar is divided into more piece, is used for being convenient for changing and regulating and control; Described earth pillar sidewall is offered the percolate sample tap, the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor is laid mouth and adopted Tu Kou, is used for temperature, moisture and the salt status of periodic monitor aeration zone, extracts the migration transformation rule that the holard is monitored the aeration zone pollutant;
Described underground water table regulation device comprises: groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle and groundwater balance device, replenishing pipeline by underground water interconnects, be used for controlling underground water table by the height of regulating the relative earth pillar of groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle, simulate different underground water table sights;
Described groundwater balance device is connected with described aeration zone analogue means, is used for the inversion quantity between the observation holard and the underground water, to quantize the holard and phreatic transformation rule;
Described data monitoring system is used for obtaining the water yield and water monitoring data from described aeration zone analogue means, comprising: holard automatic collector and the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor.
Preferably, described holard automatic collector comprises: porous clay cup, sampling bottle, vacuum air pump, filtrator, porous ventilation become head and storage sample device; Described porous clay cup is installed in the percolate sample tap of each earth pillar sidewall, and the Hydra probe of each the earth pillar soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor is embedded in the aeration zone different section by observation port.
Preferably, described data monitoring system also comprises data acquisition and control device;
Described data acquisition and control device comprise: data acquisition controller and host computer;
Described data acquisition controller, the data of be used for gathering the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor, and peristaltic pump, electric control valve controlled; Host computer is connected with data acquisition controller, is used for realization to real-time monitoring, record and the demonstration of temperature, moisture, salt divided data in the earth pillar.
Preferably, described face of land water level regulation device comprises: the water storage box, water supply line pump, face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle and the face of land water level management post that connect in turn by supply channel;
Described water storage box is used for providing test water by the water supply line pump for face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle;
Described face of land water level management post is used for controlling face of land water level by the height of regulating relative earth pillar, the sight that simulation different depth surface water infiltrates;
Described face of land water level management post oozes post by ring flange with described control and is connected.
Preferably, described face of land water level regulation device also comprises the evaporation simulator of being located at water level management post top, the face of land; Described evaporation simulator comprises interconnective adjustable power infrared lamp and temperature controller, the temperature-sensing probe of described temperature controller inserts in the face of land waterflooding water body, be used for by changing power and the quantity of adjustable power infrared lamp, simulate diversified evaporation conditions, and realize the automatic shutter of adjustable power infrared lamp under the specific temperature conditions.
Preferably, described system also comprises shade, and described shade comprises gobo, is used for the environment of simulation package band of gas pollutant is carried out shading treatment, forms lighttight dark effect.
Preferably, described adjustable column middle part offers exhausr port, is used for cooperating vacuum pump to bleed when control is oozed post replacing process adjustable column and entered air.Prevent from destroying original soil texture after air from entering adjustable column.
A kind of aforementioned system of utilizing is simulated the method for regulation and control to lake, river aeration zone filtration characteristic, may further comprise the steps:
Post is oozed in the control that the replacing control is oozed in the device;
The number of earth pillar and the material in the earth pillar in the regulation and control aeration zone analogue means;
Regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level;
Utilize data monitoring system that the water yield and the water quality of aeration zone are monitored.
Preferably, described replacing control is oozed control in the device and oozed post and comprise: the control of changing different size is oozed post or is changed the control that different controls ooze material and oozes post.
Preferably, described regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level comprise: by the water transform amount between the holard and the underground water in the groundwater balance device measurement aeration zone.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention utilizes control to ooze the column simulation device of post, adjustable column and three kinds of difference in functionalitys of large-sized earth pillar, has constructed slaty soil structures such as control infiltration layer, cushion (levelling and anti-filter), aeration zone simulation layer and water table; Each layer all can be according to different simulation needs, the packing material of dissimilar in the cylinder of the replacing different size by fast and flexible and the cylinder, size fractionated, measure and different stratiforms riverbed condition are oozed in the different control of simulation alloying layer thickness, different control, thereby can accurately control the filtration characteristic of lake, river aeration zone, improve the simulation precision of dissimilar slaty soils under the deep aeration zone condition greatly.The system layer regulate and control method is easy, and is workable, can significantly reduce experimenter's workload, shortens test period; And the present invention sets up the groundwater balance device in the underground water table regulation device, has realized accurate, the problem regulation and control of underground water table; In addition, data monitoring system of the present invention, can significantly reduce the monitoring cost, utilize the data monitoring system among the present invention, can make test result feed back to system, thereby adjust monitoring method immediately, comprise monitoring site and monitoring frequency, dynamically investigate the economy of monitoring method, can adopt the monitoring method of less expensive to make system's operation as required.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the simulation regulator control system of the aeration zone filtration characteristic of lake, river described in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 oozes the filling structure figure of device for control described in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the filling structure figure of earth pillar described in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of porous clay cup described in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of isolating baffle plate described in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the simulation regulator control system of lake, river of the present invention aeration zone filtration characteristic comprises: device, aeration zone analogue means, underground water table regulation device and data monitoring system are oozed in face of land water level regulation device, control;
Described face of land water level regulation device connects described control and oozes device;
Described control is oozed device and is comprised:
Buffering adjustable column 2, the upper strata is oozed post 1 by ring flange and control and is connected, and lower floor is connected with the aeration zone analogue means with peristaltic pump 4 by supply channel 3, is used for adding screed-coat and loaded filter; Described adjustable column 2 middle parts offer exhausr port 28, are used for cooperating vacuum pump to bleed when control is oozed post 1 replacing process adjustable column 2 and entered air, prevent that air from entering adjustable column 2 backs and destroying original soil texture;
For example: adjustable column 2 high 30cm, can load screed-coat according to the simulation needs, if screed-coat need not filled adjustable column 2, then its underpart should be loaded with earth pillar 5 and be loaded identical lake, the river natural stream channel matter of material, and should load certain thickness loaded filter on its top layer and bottom.In order to reduce wall effect, the internal diameter of post 1 and adjustable column 2 is oozed in control should be less than 50cm, and wall thickness should be less than 10mm, and earth pillar 5 limit walls arrange the ring flange that the wide 6cm of being not less than, thickness are not less than 10cm respectively, and post 1 top is oozed in control and the bottom is all open, the sealing of adjustable column 2 bottoms.
Described aeration zone analogue means comprises: the earth pillar 5 of a plurality of series connection by peristaltic pump 4 and supply channel 3 series connection, is used for splendid attire riverbed soil with simulation package band of gas structure;
Described earth pillar 5 is divided into more piece, is used for being convenient for changing and regulating and control; Described earth pillar 5 sidewalls are offered percolate sample tap 6, the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor is laid mouth 7 and adopted soil mouth 8, the temperature, moisture and the salt status that are used for the periodic monitor aeration zone are extracted the migration transformation rule that the holard is monitored the aeration zone pollutant;
The height of each earth pillar 5 can be 300cm, and every joint highly can be 100cm, and every joint is equipped with ring flange up and down, but each earth pillar 5 capping machine glass cover suitable for reading plays airtight effect, and plexiglass cover adopts hickey to be connected with water supply and intake and exhaust equipment.Between adjustable column 2 and first earth pillar peristaltic pump 4 is set, adjustable column 2 percolate after through the anti-filter of loaded filters is delivered to water supply and the intake and exhaust equipment of first earth pillar upper end by peristaltic pump 4, and described water supply and intake and exhaust equipment are made up of air intake valve, drain tap and threeway.
Described underground water table regulation device comprises: groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle 10 and groundwater balance device 11, replenishing pipeline 9 by underground water interconnects, be used for controlling underground water table by the height of regulating groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle 10 relative earth pillars 5, simulate different underground water table sights;
Described groundwater balance device 11 is connected with described aeration zone analogue means, is used for the inversion quantity between the observation holard and the underground water, to quantize the holard and phreatic transformation rule;
Described data monitoring system is used for obtaining the water yield and water monitoring data from described aeration zone analogue means, comprising: holard automatic collector and the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor 12.
When the soil water evaporation in the earth pillar 5, the moisture in the groundwater balance device 11 is replenished to soil by connecting line, and the water surface that descends in the groundwater balance device 11 is replenished by the water in the groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle 10.When holard recharge groundwater is, increment will be flowed in the graduated cylinder by the glass tube of evener downside.Groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle 10 and graduated cylinder outside surface all have scale mark, can be recorded the water transform amount between the holard and underground water in the aeration zone by the water level converted quantity in graduated cylinder and the groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle 10.Adopt groundwater balance device 11 and graduated cylinder, the migration transformation rule between the holard and underground water can be quantized, strengthened the adjusting function of underground water table control system.
Described holard automatic collector comprises: porous clay cup 13, sampling bottle 14, vacuum air pump 15, filtrator 16, porous ventilation become 17 and storage sample device 18; Described porous clay cup 13 is installed in the percolate sample tap 6 of each earth pillar 5 sidewall, and the Hydra probe 19 of each the earth pillar soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor 12 is embedded in the aeration zone different section by observation port.
Described data monitoring system also comprises data acquisition and control device;
Described data acquisition and control device comprise: data acquisition controller 20 and host computer 21;
Described data acquisition controller 20, the data of be used for gathering the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor 12, and peristaltic pump 4, electric control valve 29 controlled; Host computer 21 is connected with data acquisition controller 20, is used for realization to real-time monitoring, record and the demonstration of temperature, moisture, salt divided data in the earth pillar 5.
Described face of land water level regulation device comprises: the water storage box 22, water supply line pump 23, face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle 24 and the face of land water level management post 25 that connect in turn by supply channel;
Described water storage box 22 is used for providing test water by water supply line pump 23 for face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle 24;
Described face of land water level management post 25 is used for controlling face of land water level by the height of regulating relative earth pillar 5, the sight that simulation different depth surface water infiltrates;
Described face of land water level management post 25 oozes post 1 by ring flange and described control and is connected.
Described face of land water level regulation device also comprises the evaporation simulator of being located at water level management post 25 tops, the face of land; Described evaporation simulator comprises interconnective adjustable power infrared lamp 26 and temperature controller 27, the temperature-sensing probe of described temperature controller 27 inserts in the face of land waterflooding water body, be used for by changing power and the quantity of adjustable power infrared lamp, simulate diversified evaporation conditions, and realize the automatic shutter of adjustable power infrared lamp under the specific temperature conditions.
System also comprises shade, and described shade comprises gobo, is used for the environment of simulation package band of gas pollutant is carried out shading treatment, forms lighttight dark effect.
As shown in Figure 2, lake, river of the present invention aeration zone filtration characteristic simulation regulate and control method may further comprise the steps:
Post is oozed in the control that the replacing control is oozed in the device;
In this step, described replacing control is oozed control in the device and oozed post and comprise: the control of changing different size is oozed post or is changed the control that different controls ooze material and oozes post.
The number of earth pillar and the material in the earth pillar in the regulation and control aeration zone analogue means;
Regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level;
In this step, described regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level comprise: by the water transform amount between the holard and the underground water in the groundwater balance device measurement aeration zone.
Utilize data monitoring system that the water yield and the water quality of aeration zone are monitored.
Experimental example of the present invention:
This test is towards Fengtai, Yongdinghe River section, and its aeration zone thickness is 27m, and system is simulated with optimal scale, carries out the scene and fetches earth, and with the cleaning of top layer rubble, the degree of depth that vertically fetches earth is 27m, and the 12t that fetches earth altogether utilizes 10 large-sized earth pillars to finish the filling of riverbed aeration zone soil.
Concrete test procedure:
1, the installation of system:
(1) load control and ooze post: with the adjustable column fixed placement, filling silica sand highly is 5cm as loaded filter earlier in post; Fine sand is loaded in layering, and the upper end is loaded certain thickness silica sand again, selects for use the control of 20cm to ooze post according to the simulation needs again, post is oozed in control be connected with adjustable column, lays rubber blanket between two post ring flanges, by bolt ring flange is connected closely.Selecting the aperture for use is the anti-filter clothes of 200 purpose polyamide fibres, it is cut to slightly larger in diameter in the circle of 50cm, oozing the column bottom in control tiles two-layer, and peripheral redundance scrolled up, be close to earth pillar inner edge wall, ooze in the post in control and to load artificial controlled and ooze material: sodium bentonite proportioning Yan Cun earth material factory clay, the quality proportion of clay is 12%, layering is loaded, every 5cm compacting once, adjacent twice when filling contact plane to scrape hair with blade, make up and down that two-layer soil fully contacts, avoid the generation of lamination.In material and peripheral hole that the cylinder inside surface contacts are oozed in control, evenly fill up the identical moistening control of a circle proportioning and ooze material; At last, lay the protective seam that silica sand and ovum gravel are formed in control infiltration layer upper end, be used for preventing the surface water infiltration process to the disturbance of control infiltration layer, play water distribution uniformity and typing protective effect.All anti-filtering materials and the silica sand of protective material and ovum gravel will be in advance through immersion and the flushings of deionized water, and duration is not less than 24h.
(2) load the aeration zone earth pillar: lay loaded filter in each large-sized earth pillar bottom, thickness is 30cm.Loaded filter filling order is followed successively by from down to up: particle diameter is the ovum gravel of 2cm, and particle diameter is the ovum gravel of 1～2cm, and particle diameter is less than the silica sand of 5mm, and the aperture is that the anti-filter cloth of 200 purpose polyamide fibres is two-layer.All anti-filtering materials and the silica sand of protective material and ovum gravel will be in advance through immersion and the flushings of deionized water, and duration is not less than 24h.To test then with the riverbed undisturbed soil layering large-sized earth pillar of packing into, according to measuring initial aqueous rate, soil unit dry weight and loading the long-pending weight of calculating the filling soil sample of the soil body, with electronic scales weighing soil sample, compacting is loaded in layering, and each the filling highly is 10cm.During filling, use with the similar tamper of earth pillar internal diameter soil compacting repeatedly, contact plane will be scraped hair with blade during adjacent twice filling, makes up and down that two-layer soil fully contacts, and avoids the generation of lamination.After filling finishes, use the earth pillar plexiglass cover with the earth pillar end sealing.
(3) installation of water system: with pvc pipe water storage box is connected with surface water and groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle by water pump, utilizes the latex flexible pipe that the supply water outlet valve of Ma Shi bottle of surface water is connected with the water inlet valve of face of land water level management post; Utilize the latex flexible pipe that the water inlet valve of groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle is connected with last root large-sized earth pillar end by evener.
(4) being connected in series between a plurality of earth pillar devices: linked to each other by plexi-glass tubular between each earth pillar, the plexi-glass tubular that is tied with raw material band is revolved mouthful the tight-lipped close combination of revolving between the bottom of end and earth pillar and the intake and exhaust equipment on the top cover, tighten top cover and the bottom of each earth pillar, between adjustable column and first large-sized earth pillar and between each large-sized earth pillar the water supply peristaltic pump is set all, the percolate of adjustable column after through the anti-filter of loaded filter delivered to water supply and the intake and exhaust equipment on corresponding large-sized earth pillar top by force (forcing) pump, and the connected mode between each earth pillar of first large-sized earth pillar and back all is connected by tandem arrangement.
(5) installation of sampler and sensor: before each large-sized earth pillar sidewall percolate intake place buries vitrified-clay pipe underground, buries vitrified-clay pipe underground, with deionized water it is soaked 2h, punch in burying mouthful soil at place underground then, the aperture should be slightly larger than the diameter of vitrified-clay pipe; After the punching, the soil that takes out is stirred into mud, the grouting when burying vitrified-clay pipe underground.When burying underground, with the exhaust outlet place of vitrified-clay pipe upward.The embedding manner of vitrified-clay pipe adopts angle-inserting type, and vitrified-clay pipe and horizontal angle are 30 °, after vitrified-clay pipe gos deep into predetermined depth, mud are poured in the hole again, treats to banket after mud sinks in fact again.Be embedded in the Hydra probe of the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor on the variant section of earth pillar by observation port, naturally insert the soil body, bury mouth underground with the raw material band winding, link to each other with computing machine and controller with the Hydra probe of data line with the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor.
(6) installation of gobo: draw iron wire around the large-sized earth pillar cylinder, the height that hangs gobo is positioned at the surface water upper thread, with tieback gobo is hung on the iron wire, and the drawing gobo blocks total system, and is with thread gluing that the gobo latasuture is bonding.The gobo protective sleeve that manufactured size meets Ma Shi bottle and water storage box is placed on corresponding Ma Shi bottle and the water storage box.
2, the startup of system
Before the test run, need surface water and groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle topped up with water is stand-by.Water feeding method: blow vent and the water delivering orifice water control valve door of water supply Ma Shi bottle bottom are closed, open a bottle top exhausr port plug, open pipeline pump and Ma Shi bottle water inlet valve successively, add water for water supply Ma Shi bottle rapidly, after water to be tested is filled it up with the Ma Shi bottle, close Ma Shi bottle inlet valve rapidly, the bottle top plug that the outside is wrapped with raw material band is guaranteed the sealing of Ma Shi bottle with rotary push formula jam-pack Ma Shi bottle exhausr port.Adding water must fill it up with, so that the gas in the Ma Shi bottle is got rid of fully.
Adjust lifting table to being fit to height, groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle is fixed, adjust Ma Shi bottle snorkel bottom position to the groundwater level line place of design, open water delivering orifice water control valve door, groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle begins to supply water to form underground water to the earth pillar bottom and decides water level, treat groundwater level to waterline and after stablizing, close earth pillar bottom water inlet water control valve door, utilize the underground water supply pipeline that groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle, groundwater balance device are connected with large-sized earth pillar bottom water inlet.For the groundwater balance device adds water to the waterline place, and with behind water supply Ma Shi bottle topped up with water again, open earth pillar bottom inlet valve, start the underground water regulator control system.
With the surface water Ma Shi bottle topped up with water that supplies water, surface water regulation and control post inlet valve is opened, in surface water regulation and control column wall and bottom bedding layer of plastic film, the film bottom will be sealed, in film, add test water to water level control line place, the face of land, form constant head after, extract plastic sheeting rapidly out, simultaneously blow vent and the water delivering orifice water control valve door of water supply Ma Shi bottle bottom are opened simultaneously, the surface water system starts.
At this moment, observe wetting front that current infiltrate and the variable quantity of the Ma Shi bottle water yield immediately, infiltrating in the process that test carries out, observe this two numerical value continuously.When simulation earth pillar bottom has percolate to go out to flow, collect percolate with beaker, preserve water sample detection water quality.
3, Shi Yan operation
After system started, the day-to-day operation of test was safeguarded the content that comprises three aspects:
(1) water yield continuous monitoring: simulation system was from commencement of commercial operation on May 12 in 2010, to on May 17th, 2011,370d observes the infiltration process of earth pillar continuously, Continuous Observation is infiltrated the variation of water body wetting front during penetrating, the water yield is determined infiltration rate and the accumulative total infiltration capacity of aeration zone over time in the entire test continuous recording water supply Ma Shi bottle.
The observation procedure of wetting front is fix point method, read and infiltrate the time of current through predefined earth pillar degree of depth observation station, time and the degree of depth are made relation curve, namely obtain the wetting front variation that earth pillar infiltrates, this test penetrates and lasts 916min, and current infiltrate the time point that arrives each predetermined point position and are: 7:41,7:42,7:49,7:55,8:00,8:06,8:31,10:01,11:51,13:51,15:31,16:31,17:56,19:28,20:35,22:01,22:57.
The observing frequency of accumulation infiltration capacity once a day, last 75 days after, infiltration capacity tends to be steady, and adds water cycle observation once so change observing frequency into each, the average water cycle that adds is 4d.
(2) water quality continuous monitoring: simulation system was from commencement of commercial operation on May 12 in 2010, to on May 17th, 2011, after resurgent water penetrates earth pillar, begin to gather the percolate at each water delivering orifice place, post bottom, and utilize holard collector regularly to gather the water sample of earth pillar side different depth section simultaneously.The spacing of vitrified-clay pipe is set to 20cm, and first vitrified-clay pipe bottom is apart from earth pillar top 23cm, and every joint large-sized earth pillar is buried 13 vitrified-clay pipes underground.After percolate goes out stream from the earth pillar bottom, regular collection and the testing of beginning water sample.Every 24h gathers once, last 3d after, increase the sample interval fate, every 3d gathers once, after lasting 30d, reduce sampling frequency again, every 7d gathers once, after lasting 60d, the variation of each index tends to be steady, and changes every 15d into and gathers once, last 90d after, the variation of each index is very little, changes every 30d into and gathers once up to off-test.Through after the operation of 180d, the variation of the concentration of each pollutant on depth direction tends towards stability, so adjustment has also been made at the interval to sample tap: the spacing of first three sample tap still is 20cm, the interval of the 4th to the 6th sample tap is adjusted into 60cm, while the 4th sample tap also is 60cm apart from the 3rd distance, the first six sample tap all is positioned at first big earth pillar, the distance of the 6th sample tap of the 7th sample tap distance is 140cm, be positioned at second big earth pillar, the distance of the 7th sample tap of the 8th sample tap distance is 260cm, be positioned at the 3rd big earth pillar, all comprise a sample tap in the big earth pillar of each root afterwards, the spacing of all sample taps is 260cm.
(3) post is oozed in the conversion control: before changing post, at first new control should be oozed post and place isolate on the baffle plate, load material, the control infiltration layer that newly installs successively according to control infiltration layer filling order.The isolation baffle plate is steel, and diameter is provided with two oblique fixed handles (No. 1 and No. 2) and two flexible handles (No. 3 and No. 4) to establishing greater than the ring flange external diameter.Water in the water level management post of the face of land is gone out the head piece emptying by the bottom, take down the bolt that face of land water level management post and control is oozed intercolumniation, face of land water level management post is taken off, unload and control the bolt that oozes between post and adjustable column, ooze between the post ring flange in Rubber washer and control and to isolate baffle plates to inserting two fast, carry 3, No. 4 handles carrying upper strata baffle plate side, remove former control fast and ooze post, carry and carry the flexible handle that the post under shield is oozed in new control, it steadily is placed on the baffle plate on adjustable column surface.Slowly rotate the upper strata baffle plate, the bolt mouth alignment of post lower end and adjustable column upper flanges dish is oozed in feasible control, at last, post is oozed in artificial fixing control, and the floor baffle plate 1 of gently leaving behind, No. 2 handles steadily detach baffle plate, use the same method again and extract the upper strata baffle plate out, with bolt flange dish, last, install face of land water level management post.If method of operating is improper, gas enters in the adjustable column accidentally, can be after whole device connects, vacuum air pump, filtrator are connected with exhaust flexible rubber hose on the exhausr port of adjustable column both sides, then, open the tongs on the flexible rubber hose, start the vacuum pump of bleeding, outwards continue to bleed slowly by exhausr port.
Above embodiment only is used for explanation the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river aeration zone filtration characteristic is characterized in that, comprising: device, aeration zone analogue means, underground water table regulation device and data monitoring system are oozed in face of land water level regulation device, control;
Described face of land water level regulation device connects described control and oozes device;
Described control is oozed device and is comprised:
Post (1) is oozed in control, is used for oozing the permeance property that material is regulated and control aeration zone by loading different controls;
Buffering adjustable column (2), the upper strata is oozed post (1) by ring flange and control and is connected, and lower floor is connected with the aeration zone analogue means with peristaltic pump (4) by supply channel (3), is used for adding screed-coat and loaded filter;
Described aeration zone analogue means comprises: the earth pillar of a plurality of series connection (5) by peristaltic pump (4) and supply channel (3) series connection, is used for splendid attire riverbed soil with simulation package band of gas structure;
Described earth pillar (5) is divided into more piece, is used for being convenient for changing and regulating and control; Described earth pillar (5) sidewall is offered percolate sample tap (6), the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor is laid mouthful (7) and adopted Tu Kou (8), is used for temperature, moisture and the salt status of periodic monitor aeration zone; Extract the holard and monitor the migration transformation rule of aeration zone pollutant;
Described underground water table regulation device comprises: groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle (10) and groundwater balance device (11), replenishing pipeline (9) by underground water interconnects, be used for controlling underground water table by the height of regulating the relative earth pillar (5) of groundwater supply Ma Shi bottle (10), simulate different underground water table sights;
Described groundwater balance device (11) is connected with described aeration zone analogue means, is used for the inversion quantity between the observation holard and the underground water, to quantize the holard and phreatic transformation rule;
Described data monitoring system is used for obtaining the water yield and water monitoring data from described aeration zone analogue means, comprising: holard automatic collector and the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor (12).
2. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 1 aeration zone filtration characteristic, it is characterized in that described holard automatic collector comprises: porous clay cup (13), sampling bottle (14), vacuum air pump (15), filtrator (16), porous ventilation become head (17) and storage sample device (18); Described porous clay cup (13) is installed in the percolate sample tap (6) of each earth pillar (5) sidewall, and the Hydra probe (19) of each the earth pillar soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor (12) is laid mouthful (7) by the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor and is embedded in the aeration zone different section.
3. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 1 aeration zone filtration characteristic is characterized in that, described data monitoring system also comprises data acquisition and control device;
Described data acquisition and control device comprise: data acquisition controller (20) and host computer (21);
Described data acquisition controller (20), the data of be used for gathering the soil moisture-moisture-salt sub sensor (12), and peristaltic pump (4), electric control valve (29) controlled; Host computer (21) is connected with data acquisition controller (20), is used for realization to real-time monitoring, record and the demonstration of the interior temperature of earth pillar (5), moisture, salt divided data.
4. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 1 aeration zone filtration characteristic, it is characterized in that described face of land water level regulation device comprises: the water storage box (22), water supply line pump (23), face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle (24) and the face of land water level management post (25) that connect in turn by supply channel;
Described water storage box (22) is used for providing test water by water supply line pump (23) for face of land water level water supply Ma Shi bottle (24);
Described face of land water level management post (25) is used for controlling face of land water level by the height of regulating relative earth pillar (5), the sight that simulation different depth surface water infiltrates;
Described face of land water level management post (25) oozes post (1) by ring flange and described control and is connected.
5. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 4 aeration zone filtration characteristic is characterized in that, described face of land water level regulation device also comprises the evaporation simulator of being located at face of land water level management post (25) top; Described evaporation simulator comprises interconnective adjustable power infrared lamp (26) and temperature controller (27), the temperature-sensing probe of described temperature controller (27) inserts in the face of land waterflooding water body, be used for by changing power and the quantity of adjustable power infrared lamp, simulate diversified evaporation conditions, and realize the automatic shutter of adjustable power infrared lamp under the specific temperature conditions.
6. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 1 aeration zone filtration characteristic, it is characterized in that also comprise shade, described shade comprises gobo, be used for the environment of simulation package band of gas pollutant is carried out shading treatment, form lighttight dark effect.
7. the simulation regulator control system of lake, river as claimed in claim 1 aeration zone filtration characteristic, it is characterized in that, described adjustable column (2) middle part offers exhausr port (28), is used for oozing post (1) replacing process adjustable column (2) in control and cooperates vacuum pump to bleed when entering air.
8. one kind is utilized each described system of claim 1-7 that lake, river aeration zone filtration characteristic is simulated the method for regulation and control, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Post is oozed in the control that the replacing control is oozed in the device;
The number of earth pillar and the material in the earth pillar in the regulation and control aeration zone analogue means;
Regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level;
Utilize data monitoring system that the water yield and the water quality of aeration zone are monitored.
9. as described in claim 8 lake, river aeration zone filtration characteristic is simulated the method for regulation and control, it is characterized in that, described replacing control is oozed control in the device and oozed post and comprise: the control of changing different size is oozed post or is changed the control that different controls ooze material and oozes post.
10. as described in claim 8, lake, river aeration zone filtration characteristic is simulated the method for regulation and control, it is characterized in that described regulation and control surface water and phreatic water level comprise: by the water transform amount between the holard and the underground water in the groundwater balance device measurement aeration zone.
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