CN104251790B - Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator - Google Patents
Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator Download PDFInfo
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- CN104251790B CN104251790B CN201410526914.1A CN201410526914A CN104251790B CN 104251790 B CN104251790 B CN 104251790B CN 201410526914 A CN201410526914 A CN 201410526914A CN 104251790 B CN104251790 B CN 104251790B
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Abstract
Carry out noting water saturated device the present invention relates to a kind of ground sample.Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator, it is characterised in that it includes water storage cylinder, water inlet manifold, flow rate fine-tuning valve, saturation cylinder, exit branch, outfall sewer, overflow cylinder, vavuum pump；One end of water inlet manifold is connected with water storage cylinder delivery port；The bottom of each saturation cylinder is provided with saturation cylinder water inlet, and saturation cylinder water inlet is connected by flow rate fine-tuning valve with water inlet manifold；The upper end of each saturation cylinder is provided with saturation cylinder delivery port, and saturation cylinder delivery port is connected by exit branch with outfall sewer；One end of outfall sewer is connected with overflow cylinder water inlet, and the other end of outfall sewer is blind end；Gas outlet is connected by vacuum-pumping tube with the air inlet of vavuum pump.The present invention can be such that the air in ground sample is connected all the time with extraneous vacuum environment in saturation history, be advantageous to air discharge, sample saturation effect is good, and pumping saturation time significantly reduces, the saturation work of different batches sample can be uninterruptedly carried out continuously, and can use water with effectively save.
Description
Technical field
Carry out noting water saturated device the present invention relates to a kind of ground sample, and in particular to a kind of Automatic water-filling formula ground sample
Saturator.The device is mainly used in the water filling saturation process of ground sample physical mechanics test early stage, it can also be used to which other are similar
The saturation operation of material, the rock-soil mechanics experiment of each Geotechnical Engineering related scientific research institutes and enterprises and institutions can be promoted the use of
Room.
Background technology
The laboratory test of rock and soil body sample is to obtain the main path of its physico-mechanical properties.Any Geotechnical Engineering is set
Meter and analysis work all must be set up on accurate ground sample physical and mechanical parameter, therefore carry out accurate laboratory test
It is the premise for solving the problems, such as Practical Project.The main theoretical basis of current Geotechnical Engineering mechanical analysis is proposed full by Tai Shaji
And principle of effective stress, so in existing ground laboratory test specification every mechanical test require mostly experiment before first by sample
Product saturation, such as permeability test, consolidation test, direct shear test, triaxial compression test etc..Sample degree of saturation is to experimental result
Influence it is notable, therefore, the saturation history and result of ground sample are particularly important.
Now widely used ground sample saturation device is according to Standard for test methods of earthworks（GB/T50123-1999）
Relevant provision design and produce, the specification according to the infiltrative size of sample define immersion saturation, capillary saturation with
It is evacuated three kinds of different saturation process of saturation.It is big using immersion saturation, infiltration coefficient for the larger sample of infiltration coefficient
In 10-4Cm/s particulate sample should use capillary saturation, and infiltration coefficient is less than 10-4Cm/s sample should use pumping saturation
Method.
Soak saturation experiment when, directly soil sample is absorbed water naturally saturation by sample is submerged in water.Capillary saturation
It is that sample is put into the water surface to be slightly below in the water tank of sample surfaces no less than two round the clock, makes sample under the effect of itself capillary attraction
Absorb water saturation.Pumping saturation is that sample is put into sealing vacuum reservoir, first extracts the air in vacuum reservoir out（Pumpdown time
No less than 1 hour）, then to water filling in vacuum reservoir until flooding sample and standing more than 10 hours.
In actual mechanical process, problems with often occurs in the above method：
1st, after the water surface floods sample, the bubble in sample is influenceed to be difficult discharge by solution-air interface tension force, causes saturation
It is insufficient.For fine grained soil, because the hole in the soil body is minimum, the bubble of inside soil body is attached in General Proper
It can not be discharged substantially under the condition of negative pressure that empty pump can be provided.
2nd, equipment efficiency of usage is low.The pumping saturation testing of fine grained soil generally requires more than 12 hours, and infiltration coefficient is relatively low
Sample saturation time it is then longer.Therefore, if one group of sample carries out saturation, vacuum reservoir also has remaining space can not also increase newly
Other samples.
3rd, waste water resource.Now widely used pumping saturation cylinder capacity is generally 20 liters or so.In actual tests, greatly
Part-time will not will waste great lot of water resources by the multigroup sample of saturation to saturation cylinder, each a small amount of sample of saturation is filled simultaneously.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator, sample saturation effect can be made good, taken out
Gas saturation time is significantly reduced, and the saturation work of different batches sample can be uninterruptedly carried out continuously, and can use water with effectively save.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is：Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator, it is special
Sign is that it includes water storage cylinder 1, water inlet manifold 3, flow rate fine-tuning valve 4, saturation cylinder 5, exit branch 7, outfall sewer 8, overflow cylinder
9th, vavuum pump 11；The upper end of water storage cylinder 1 is provided with opening 2, and the bottom of water storage cylinder 1 is provided with water storage cylinder delivery port, and the one of water inlet manifold 3
End is connected with water storage cylinder delivery port, and the other end of water inlet manifold 3 is blind end；Saturation cylinder 5 is 3-20, each saturation cylinder 5
Bottom be provided with saturation cylinder water inlet, saturation cylinder water inlet is connected by flow rate fine-tuning valve 4 with water inlet manifold 3；
Described flow rate fine-tuning valve 4 can will intake flow control at 0.01 l/h under -100kPa vacuum pressure conditions
Consecutive variations between to 1 l/h；
The upper end of each saturation cylinder 5 is provided with saturation cylinder delivery port, and saturation cylinder delivery port is by exit branch 7 and outfall sewer 8
It is connected；
The top of overflow cylinder 9 is provided with overflow cylinder water inlet, air intake 14, gas outlet 12；One end of outfall sewer 8 and overflow
Cylinder water inlet is connected, and the other end of outfall sewer 8 is blind end；Gas outlet 12 is by vacuum-pumping tube and the air inlet of vavuum pump 11
It is connected.
Water storage cylinder water outlet is provided with valve, and saturation cylinder water inlet is provided with valve, and saturation cylinder water outlet is provided with valve,
Overflow cylinder water inlet is provided with valve, and valve is provided with air intake 14, valve is provided with gas outlet 12.
The top of overflow cylinder 9 is provided with vacuum table 13.
The capacity of water storage cylinder is 15-20 liters, and water storage cylinder is identical with the capacity of overflow cylinder.
Saturation cylinder is bottom surface interior diameter 100mm cylindrical pressure chamber, and high 200mm in addition can be according to sample actual size
Customize the balancing gate pit of corresponding size.
Saturation cylinder includes Shang Gai, middle storehouse and lower cover, middle position in storehouse between lower cover and upper lid, lower cover with upper lid by screw rod and
Nut 15 is fixed, and passes through seal with elastometic washer between upper lid, lower cover and middle storehouse.
The bottom of overflow cylinder 9 is provided with overflow cylinder discharge outlet 10, and valve is provided with overflow cylinder discharge outlet.
Compared to existing widely used single casing pumping saturator, the present invention has the following advantages：
When the 1st, being evacuated saturation, controlled by flow rate fine-tuning valve, the water in water storage cylinder is slowly full of saturation cylinder from bottom to top.Rock
Air in earth sample connects with extraneous vacuum environment all the time in saturation history, is advantageous to air discharge, sample saturation effect
More preferably, pumping saturation time significantly reduces.
2nd, multigroup saturation cylinder is in parallel, and the operation such as luggage sample, saturation and sampling is entered to a certain saturation cylinder to other saturation cylinders
Do not influence, effectively increase the utilization rates of equipment and installations such as vavuum pump, overflow cylinder and water storage cylinder, the saturation work of different batches sample can
Uninterruptedly it is carried out continuously.
3rd, single saturation cylinder capacity is small, and remaining space is less after installing sample, therefore is filled with less water and can be full of
Saturation cylinder, make soil sample fully saturated.Unnecessary water, which will be flowed into overflow cylinder, to be used to recycle, and can use water with effectively save.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation (unit of saturation cylinder of the present invention：mm).
Label in figure：1- water storage cylinders, 2- openings, 3- water inlet manifolds（Plastic flexible pipe）, 4- flow rate fine-tuning valves, 5- saturation cylinders,
6- ground samples, 7- exit branch, 8- outfall sewers, 9- overflow cylinders, 10- overflow cylinder discharge outlet, 11- vavuum pumps, 12- outlets
Mouthful, 13- vacuum tables, 14- air intakes（Air inlet）, 15- screw rods and nut.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1-2, Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator, it includes water storage cylinder 1, water inlet manifold 3, flow rate fine-tuning valve
4th, saturation cylinder 5, exit branch 7, outfall sewer 8, overflow cylinder 9, vavuum pump 11；The upper end of water storage cylinder 1 is provided with opening 2（For adding
Water and atmosphere）, the bottom of water storage cylinder 1 is provided with water storage cylinder delivery port（Water storage cylinder water outlet is provided with valve）, water inlet manifold
3 one end is connected with water storage cylinder delivery port（It is fixedly connected）, the other end of water inlet manifold 3 is blind end；Saturation cylinder 5 is 3-20
Individual, the bottom of each saturation cylinder 5 is provided with saturation cylinder water inlet（Saturation cylinder water inlet is provided with valve）, saturation cylinder water inlet is by flowing
Amount reset valve 4 is connected with water inlet manifold 3；
Described flow rate fine-tuning valve 4 can will intake flow control at 0.01 l/h under -100kPa vacuum pressure conditions
Consecutive variations between to 1 l/h；
The upper end of each saturation cylinder 5 is provided with saturation cylinder delivery port（Saturation cylinder water outlet is provided with valve）, saturation cylinder water outlet
Mouth is connected by exit branch 7 with outfall sewer 8；
The top of overflow cylinder 9 is provided with overflow cylinder water inlet, air intake 14, gas outlet 12（The top of overflow cylinder 9 is additionally provided with negative
Press table 13；Overflow cylinder water inlet is provided with valve, and valve is provided with air intake 14, valve is provided with gas outlet 12）, overflow cylinder 9
Bottom be provided with overflow cylinder discharge outlet 10, be provided with valve at overflow cylinder discharge outlet；One end of outfall sewer 8 and overflow cylinder water inlet
It is connected, the other end of outfall sewer 8 is blind end；Gas outlet 12 is connected by vacuum-pumping tube with the air inlet of vavuum pump 11.
Wherein the capacity of water storage cylinder is 15-20 liters, and water storage cylinder is identical with the capacity of overflow cylinder（Unanimously）, overflow cylinder can be avoided
Full water and the situation for causing vacuum pump water inlet.
It can be installed as needed between water storage cylinder and overflow cylinder multiple（Such as：3-20）Saturation cylinder is simultaneously to multigroup sample
Operated in saturation is carried out, is separated between each saturation cylinder and system by valve, into parallel relationship.Flow rate fine-tuning valve 4 is according to waiting to satisfy
Different water inlet flow rate regimes is adjusted to the water penetration of sample.The big sample of water penetration selects larger flow velocity, infiltration coefficient
Small sample, such as cohesive soil, then it should select relatively small flow velocity.The flow rate fine-tuning valve of outfit can be in -100kPa vacuum pressures
Under the conditions of will intake flow control consecutive variations between 0.01 l/h to 1 l/h, meet from sand to clay etc. no
With the saturation requirement of sample.
Ground sample 6 is located in saturation cylinder 5, treats the ground sample of saturation（Test specimen）After installing, vavuum pump is opened
With corresponding valve, the water in water storage cylinder will be flowed slowly into saturation cylinder under vavuum pump suction by flow rate fine-tuning valve,
Make ground sample gradual saturation from bottom to top.After saturation cylinder is full of water, unnecessary water will be flowed into overflow cylinder, prevent vavuum pump from entering
Water.
Vacuum table range at the top of overflow cylinder is 0 to -100kPa, can read the negative pressure value of internal system in real time.
Saturation cylinder is bottom surface interior diameter 100mm cylindrical pressure chamber, high 200mm, in addition according to sample actual size
Customize the saturation cylinder of corresponding size.For convenience of dress sample and sampling, saturation cylinder is removable to be divided into three Shang Gai, middle storehouse and lower cover parts,
Middle position in storehouse between lower cover and upper lid, with upper lid by screw rod and nut 15 fixed by lower cover（Combined by screw rod and nut）, on
Pass through seal with elastometic washer between lid, lower cover and middle storehouse.
The use of Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator is as follows：
1st, the permeability for treating saturated sample is estimated, flow rate fine-tuning valve is adjusted to suitable flow velocity；
2nd, water storage cylinder, flow rate fine-tuning valve, saturation cylinder, overflow cylinder and each component of vavuum pump are connected, sample is loaded into saturation cylinder
It is interior and seal；
3rd, water will be filled in water storage cylinder, while the water being vented in overflow cylinder, because overflow cylinder capacity is consistent with water storage cylinder, because
This all flows into overflow cylinder even if the water of water storage cylinder will not also cause vacuum pump water inlet；
4th, water storage cylinder delivery port is opened, opens saturation cylinder water inlet and delivery port, opens overflow cylinder water inlet and gas outlet,
Close overflow cylinder air inlet and delivery port；
5th, vavuum pump is started, the water in water storage cylinder will flow slowly into saturation cylinder with the flow velocity of setting by flow rate fine-tuning valve
It is interior, from bottom to top full of saturation cylinder, and make sample fully saturated, unnecessary water will be flowed into overflow cylinder；
6th, the water surface in saturation cylinder, which floods, completes saturation history after sample top surface, close saturation cylinder water inlet and delivery port
Valve, take out the saturation work that next group of sample can be carried out after sample.
7th, after the completion of whole samples saturation, vavuum pump is closed, slowly opens overflow cylinder air inlet valve, while open bottom
Water in outlet valve emptying overflow cylinder, is ready for experiment next time.
Claims (6)
1. Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator, it is characterised in that it includes water storage cylinder (1), water inlet manifold (3), flow rate fine-tuning valve
(4), saturation cylinder (5), exit branch (7), outfall sewer (8), overflow cylinder (9), vavuum pump (11)；The upper end of water storage cylinder (1) is set
There is opening (2), the bottom of water storage cylinder (1) is provided with water storage cylinder delivery port, and one end of water inlet manifold (3) is connected with water storage cylinder delivery port
Logical, the other end of water inlet manifold (3) is blind end；Saturation cylinder (5) is 3-20, and the bottom of each saturation cylinder (5) is provided with saturation
Cylinder water inlet, saturation cylinder water inlet are connected by flow rate fine-tuning valve (4) with water inlet manifold (3)；The capacity of water storage cylinder is 15-20
Rise, water storage cylinder is identical with the capacity of overflow cylinder；
Described flow rate fine-tuning valve (4) controls flow of inlet water at 0.01 l/h to 1 under -100kPa vacuum pressure conditions
Consecutive variations between l/h；When being evacuated saturation, start vavuum pump, the water in water storage cylinder is micro- through inflow-rate of water turbine with the flow velocity set
Adjust valve to flow slowly into saturation cylinder, from bottom to top full of saturation cylinder, and make sample fully saturated, unnecessary water will flow into overflow cylinder
It is interior；
The upper end of each saturation cylinder (5) is provided with saturation cylinder delivery port, and saturation cylinder delivery port is by exit branch (7) and outfall sewer
(8) it is connected；
The top of overflow cylinder (9) is provided with overflow cylinder water inlet, air intake (14), gas outlet (12)；One end of outfall sewer (8) with
Overflow cylinder water inlet is connected, and the other end of outfall sewer (8) is blind end；Gas outlet (12) is by vacuum-pumping tube and vavuum pump
(11) air inlet is connected.
2. Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Water storage cylinder water outlet is provided with
Valve, saturation cylinder water inlet are provided with valve, and saturation cylinder water outlet is provided with valve, and overflow cylinder water inlet is provided with valve, entered
Gas port (14) place is provided with valve, and gas outlet (12) place is provided with valve.
3. Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The top of overflow cylinder (9) is set
There is vacuum table (13).
4. Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Saturation cylinder is bottom surface interior diameter
100mm, high 200mm cylindrical pressure chamber.
5. Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Saturation cylinder include Shang Gai, in
Storehouse and lower cover, for middle position in storehouse between lower cover and upper lid, lower cover is fixed by screw rod and nut (15) with upper lid, upper lid, lower cover with
Pass through seal with elastometic washer between middle storehouse.
6. Automatic water-filling formula ground sample saturator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The bottom of overflow cylinder (9) is set
There is overflow cylinder discharge outlet (10), valve is provided with overflow cylinder discharge outlet.
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| CN106153409A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-11-23 | 宁波工程学院 | Oscillating mode vacuum saturation device |
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