CN112433035A - Simulation device and method for soil collection and leaching solution collection of pollutants in soil column leaching - Google Patents
Simulation device and method for soil collection and leaching solution collection of pollutants in soil column leaching Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 280
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CYDMQBQPVICBEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotetracycline Natural products C1=CC(Cl)=C2C(O)(C)C3CC4C(N(C)C)C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)C4(O)C(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1O CYDMQBQPVICBEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004475 chlortetracycline Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- CYDMQBQPVICBEU-XRNKAMNCSA-N chlortetracycline Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=C2[C@](O)(C)[C@H]3C[C@H]4[C@H](N(C)C)C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)[C@@]4(O)C(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1O CYDMQBQPVICBEU-XRNKAMNCSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019365 chlortetracycline Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003722 doxycycline Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims 8
- XQTWDDCIUJNLTR-CVHRZJFOSA-N doxycycline monohydrate Chemical compound O.O=C1C2=C(O)C=CC=C2[C@H](C)[C@@H]2C1=C(O)[C@]1(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@H](N(C)C)[C@@H]1[C@H]2O XQTWDDCIUJNLTR-CVHRZJFOSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 136
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940072172 tetracycline antibiotic Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- SGKRLCUYIXIAHR-AKNGSSGZSA-N (4s,4ar,5s,5ar,6r,12ar)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,5,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4a,5,5a,6-tetrahydro-4h-tetracene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]3[C@](C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)[C@H]3N(C)C)(O)C3=O)C3=C(O)C2=C1O SGKRLCUYIXIAHR-AKNGSSGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/15—Medicinal preparations ; Physical properties thereof, e.g. dissolubility
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种污染物在土柱淋溶中土壤采集与淋溶液收集的模拟装置及方法。该装置包括支撑架、储液罐、蠕动泵、导流管、嵌入式顶端盖、淋溶管、出水口阀门、样品接收瓶，所述储液罐、蠕动泵和各土层淋溶管通过蠕动泵软管连接；淋溶管从上到下依次为滞水层淋溶管、配水层、人工配制污染土壤、表土层淋溶管及滤土层、中土层淋溶管及滤土层、底土层淋溶管及滤土层、出水口阀门、样品接收瓶；在表土层淋溶管、中土层淋溶管、底土层淋溶管的侧面分别设有土样取样口，在各滤土层的底部设有渗滤液收集槽阀门及对应的渗滤液收集槽；各层土壤中的淋溶液通过滤土层进入对应的渗滤液收集槽；底土层渗滤液通过导流管进入样品接收瓶。
The invention discloses a simulation device and method for soil collection and leaching solution collection of pollutants in soil column leaching. The device includes a support frame, a liquid storage tank, a peristaltic pump, a guide pipe, an embedded top cover, an elution pipe, a water outlet valve, and a sample receiving bottle, and the liquid storage tank, the peristaltic pump and the elution pipes of each soil layer pass through The peristaltic pump hose is connected; the leaching pipe from top to bottom is the stagnant layer leaching pipe, the water distribution layer, the artificially prepared contaminated soil, the topsoil leaching pipe and the filter soil layer, the middle soil layer leaching pipe and the filter soil layer , subsoil layer leaching pipe and filter soil layer, water outlet valve, sample receiving bottle; soil sample sampling ports are respectively provided on the sides of topsoil layer leaching pipe, middle soil layer leaching pipe and subsoil layer leaching pipe, and each The bottom of the filter soil layer is provided with the leachate collection tank valve and the corresponding leachate collection tank; the leaching solution in each layer of soil enters the corresponding leachate collection tank through the filter soil layer; the subsoil layer leachate enters the sample receiving tank through the diversion pipe bottle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pollutant soil eluviation simulation experiments, and relates to an experiment simulation device for soil collection and eluviation collection of pollutants in a soil column eluviation process, in particular to a soil column eluviation device and a soil collection and eluviation collection device for tetracycline antibiotics or other organic matters.
Background
Since penicillin was discovered in the last 30 th century, antibiotics have been widely used in the fields of medicine, livestock raising, and aquatic products as a novel antibacterial agent. Tetracycline antibiotics are one of the most widely used and most used antibiotics in all countries in the world at present. The soil can be finally subjected to lodging of tetracycline antibiotics in the soil, and substances of the tetracycline antibiotics can migrate transversely and longitudinally under the action of surface runoff, leaching and the like to further pollute underground water. Therefore, the leaching and migration transformation mechanism of the substances or other organic matters in the soil is determined, a theoretical basis can be provided for reasonably using antibiotics and treating the polluted soil, and the method has certain guiding significance.
At present, research on leaching of pollutants in soil is mainly divided into laboratory simulation and field test, and because the field test is time-consuming and the test conditions in all aspects are not easy to control, a large amount of manpower and material resources are required to be input. And the sampling is inconvenient, and the percolate is not easy to collect, so that the vertical earth pillar closest to the actual condition is utilized for indoor simulation. Therefore, higher requirements are put forward on the simulated soil leaching device.
However, leaching earth columns used in laboratories are all an integral body at present, leachate can be collected only through the lowest end, and soil samples can be collected only after a batch of experiments are performed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects and provides the device which is convenient to sample, easy to disassemble and convenient to collect each soil layer percolate. The device provided by the invention is a device which can be used for simulating leaching behaviors of soil layers with different sections, and provides a method which can take soil samples and collect percolate in different soil layers in real time, so that the defects of inconvenient sampling, large error range, difficult percolate collection and the like of the conventional laboratory device for simulating leaching behaviors are overcome,
the invention provides a simulation device for soil collection and leaching solution collection in soil column leaching of pollutants, which comprises a support frame, a liquid storage tank, a peristaltic pump, a flow guide pipe, an embedded top end cover, a water retention layer leaching pipe, a water distribution layer, a surface soil layer leaching pipe, a soil sample sampling port, a leachate collecting tank valve, a middle soil layer leaching pipe, a bottom soil layer leaching pipe, a water outlet valve and a sample receiving bottle, wherein the liquid storage tank, the peristaltic pump and each soil layer leaching pipe are connected through peristaltic pump hoses; the leaching pipe comprises a water-retaining layer leaching pipe, a water distribution layer, artificially prepared polluted soil, a topsoil layer leaching pipe and a filter soil layer, a middle soil layer leaching pipe and a filter soil layer, a bottom soil layer leaching pipe and a filter soil layer, a water outlet valve and a sample receiving bottle from top to bottom in sequence;
soil sample sampling ports are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the topsoil layer leaching pipe, the middle soil layer leaching pipe and the bottom soil layer leaching pipe, and a leachate collecting tank valve and a corresponding leachate collecting tank are arranged at the bottom of each leachate layer; leaching solution in each layer of soil enters a corresponding leachate collecting tank through a leachate layer; the bottom soil layer percolate enters the sample receiving bottle through the diversion pipe.
In the above device, the stagnant water layer drench dissolve the pipe, topsoil layer drench dissolve the pipe, the well soil layer drenches dissolve the pipe, the bed layer drenches dissolve the pipe and is made for organic glass, each drenches dissolve the pipe the same size, does: the inner diameter is 15-30cm, the height is 85-120cm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-1.0 cm.
In the device, the height of the water retention layer leaching pipe is 5-8cm, the thickness of the water distribution layer is 3-5cm, and the main filler is fine quartz sand.
In the device, the heights of the topsoil layer leaching pipe, the middle soil layer leaching pipe and the bottom soil layer leaching pipe are all 20-25 cm.
Among the above-mentioned device, the support frame is but height-adjusting's steel construction quadrangular frame, including a plurality of parallel arrangement's horizon bar and vertical pole, eluviation pipe can be fixed on the horizon bar, and vertical pole is respectively through hasp perpendicular connection, and the support frame can be opened into plane, and convenient to detach drenches the pipe.
In the device, a surface soil layer with the thickness of 0-30cm is filled in the surface soil layer eluviation tube, a middle soil layer with the thickness of 30-60cm is filled in the middle soil layer eluviation tube, a soil bottom layer with the thickness of 60-90cm is filled in the bottom soil layer eluviation tube, and the quartz sand layer is fine quartz sand with the thickness of 0.5-2 mm. The soil is screened by a soil sieve of 2mm, and the soil is naturally dried in the shade and cannot be irradiated by sunlight.
In the device, the height of the percolate collecting tank is 5cm, the mesh number of the filter screen in the filter screen layer above the percolate collecting tank is (260-300), and the diameter of the inner cylinder is 19 cm. The filter soil layer of (260) plus 300) mesh gauze is arranged below each soil layer, a percolate collecting tank is arranged below each filter soil layer, the percolate collecting tank is of a sleeve structure and internally provided with a cylinder with the inner diameter of 19cm, a plurality of small holes are formed above the percolate collecting tank, the lower end of the percolate collecting tank is completely sealed, and when a water sample is taken, the valve is opened, and the disposable needle tube is used for taking the water sample.
In the device, the middle parts of the topsoil layer leaching pipe, the middle soil layer leaching pipe and the bottom soil layer leaching pipe are provided with a circular sampling port with the diameter of 3cm, and sampling can be realized through the soil sampler.
In the device, valves are arranged on two sides of the percolate collecting tank below each soil layer, and percolate of each soil layer can be collected in real time through the needle tubes.
In the device, the soil layer leaching pipes are connected through the flange rings, the outer diameter of each flange ring is 60mm larger than that of each leaching pipe, and each flange ring is fixed through the screws and the nuts.
The invention provides a use method of a simulation device for soil collection and leaching solution collection of pollutants in soil column leaching, which comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting soil;
(2) artificially preparing eluviated soil: the soil is screened by a soil sieve of 2mm, and the soil is naturally dried in the shade and cannot be irradiated by sunlight; measuring a certain volume of the prepared standard stock solution by using a pipette or other containers, adding the standard stock solution into soil with certain mass, uniformly stirring the standard stock solution and the soil until the standard stock solution and the soil are completely mixed, and naturally drying the standard stock solution in the dark for 18 to 24 hours;
the standard stock solution refers to a prepared mixed standard solution of aureomycin and doxycycline, and the concentration is 100 mg/L;
(3) firstly, paving one to two layers of (260-300) mesh filter screens at the lowest end of a leaching device, then covering acid-washed quartz sand (1-2 mm) with the thickness of (3 cm-5 cm), and then filling the deep layer of the soil screen with the thickness of 2mm on the quartz sand layerAnd (5) slowly shaking and knocking the soil (60-90 cm) when the soil is filled to the thickness of 5cm, so that the soil column is uniformly compact. Then the flange ring with bottom earth pillar and middle level earth pillar is with the screw fixation, in this layer earth pillar, at first pave one or two-layer (260) plus 300 mesh filter screen above the filtration liquid collecting vat to hold back the soil above the groove. And then, beginning to fill 30-60cm of soil, and shaking and beating the soil while filling the soil, so that the soil column is uniformly compacted. Then the surface layer soil with the thickness of 0-30cm is filled, and the filling process is the same as the operation of filling the middle layer soil. Before leaching experiment, in order to reach soil ion balance, a certain amount of distilled water (containing 0.01mol/L CaCl) is used2Solution) was added slowly from the top of the column, allowing it to slowly penetrate the column from the top until water was drained from the bottom of the column. And the outflow rate is equivalent to the inflow rate, namely the soil column is saturated. After standing for two days, 500 g of prepared and uniformly mixed polluted soil is paved above the surface soil, in order to prevent soil disturbance and splashing of forest solution, a layer of acid-washed quartz sand with the thickness of 3-5cm is covered above the surface soil, and a filter screen with the diameter of 24cm (260 meshes and 300 meshes) is covered. A peristaltic pump was used to supply the eluviation solution until the designed eluviation volume was reached. The leaching amount and the leaching time per day need to be set according to own experiments, and different experiments are different.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the whole leaching device is simple to install; each layer of the eluviation soil column is designed according to the required soil thickness, and the filling soil can be accurately prepared;
(2) the soil can be sampled in layers without a dividing device;
(3) a percolate collecting tank is arranged at the lower end of each soil layer, so that percolate of each soil layer can be recovered, and experimental analysis is facilitated;
(4) after the experiment is finished, the leaching device can be opened through the bracket with the hinge so as to carry out the next batch of experiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall view of a leaching device;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a surface soil layer leaching pipe, a middle soil layer leaching pipe and a bottom soil layer leaching pipe of the leaching device;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the leaching device;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the leaching device;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the leaching device;
fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the upper end of each soil layer leachate collection tank.
In the figure: 1 is a liquid storage tank; 2 is a peristaltic pump; 3 is a flow guide pipe; 4 is an embedded top end cover; 5 is a stagnant water layer leaching pipe; 6 is a quartz sand water distribution layer; 7, preparing polluted soil artificially; 8 is a topsoil layer leaching pipe; 9 is a soil sample sampling port; 10 is a percolate collecting tank valve; 11 is a middle soil layer leaching pipe; 12 is a bottom soil layer leaching pipe; 13 is a water outlet valve; 14 is a sample receiving bottle; 15 is a peristaltic pump hose; 16 is a filter soil layer; 17 is a percolate collecting tank; 18 is a quartz sand layer, and 19 is a support frame.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1:
the invention provides a simulation device for soil collection and leaching solution collection in soil column leaching of pollutants, which comprises a liquid storage tank 1, a peristaltic pump 2, a flow guide pipe 3, an embedded top end cover 4, a stagnant water layer leaching pipe 5, a water distribution layer 6, a surface soil layer leaching pipe 8, a leachate collecting tank valve 10, a middle soil layer leaching pipe 11, a bottom soil layer leaching pipe 12, a water outlet valve 13 and a sample receiving bottle 14, wherein the liquid storage tank, the peristaltic pump and the soil layer leaching pipes are connected through peristaltic pump hoses 15;
the leaching pipe comprises a water-retaining layer leaching pipe 5, a water distribution layer 6, artificially prepared polluted soil 7, a topsoil layer leaching pipe 8, a filter soil layer 16, a middle soil layer leaching pipe 11, a filter soil layer 16, a bottom soil layer leaching pipe 12, a filter soil layer 16, a water outlet valve 13 and a sample receiving bottle 14 from top to bottom in sequence;
soil sample sampling ports 9 are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the topsoil layer leaching pipe 8, the middle soil layer leaching pipe 11 and the bottom soil layer leaching pipe 12, and a percolate collecting tank valve 10 and a corresponding percolate collecting tank 17 are arranged at the bottom of each filter soil layer; leaching solution in each layer of soil enters a corresponding leachate collecting tank through a leachate layer; the bottom layer percolate enters the sample receiving bottle 14 through the flow guide pipe.
In the above device, the stagnant water layer drench dissolve the pipe, topsoil layer drench dissolve the pipe, the well soil layer drenches dissolve the pipe, the bed layer drenches dissolve the pipe and is made for organic glass, each drenches dissolve the pipe the same size, does: the inner diameter is 15-30cm, the height is 85-120cm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-1.0 cm.
In the device, the height of the water-retaining layer leaching pipe 5 is 5-8cm, the thickness of the water distribution layer 6 is 3-5cm, and the main filler is fine quartz sand.
In the device, the heights of the topsoil layer leaching pipe 8, the middle soil layer leaching pipe 11 and the bottom soil layer leaching pipe 12 are all 20-25 cm.
Among the above-mentioned device, but support frame 19 is height-adjusting's steel construction quadrangular frame, including a plurality of parallel arrangement's horizon bar and vertical pole, the eluviation pipe can be fixed on the horizon bar, and vertical pole is respectively through hasp perpendicular connection, and the support frame can be opened into plane, and convenient to detach drenches the pipe.
In the device, the surface soil layer leaching pipe is filled with 0-30cm of surface soil, the middle soil layer leaching pipe is filled with 30-60cm of middle soil, the bottom soil layer leaching pipe is filled with 60-90cm of bottom soil, and the quartz sand layer 18 is 0.5-2mm of fine quartz sand.
Among the above-mentioned device, the height of filtration liquid collecting vat is 5cm, and the filter screen mesh number in the filtration screen layer above the filtration liquid collecting vat is (260) and 300), and the filtration liquid collecting vat is a sleeve pipe structure, and inside has an internal diameter to be 19 cm's cylinder, and a lot of apertures are opened to the top of filtration liquid collecting vat, and the lower extreme is totally enclosed, when fetching water sample, opens the valve, fetches water sample with disposable needle tubing.
In the device, the middle parts of the topsoil layer leaching pipe, the middle soil layer leaching pipe and the bottom soil layer leaching pipe are provided with circular soil sample sampling ports 9 with the diameter of 3cm, and sampling can be realized through the soil sampler.
In the device, the height of the percolate collecting tank below each soil layer is 5cm, the thickness is 2cm, valves are arranged on two sides, and percolate of each soil layer can be collected in real time through the needle tubes.
In the device, the soil layer leaching pipes are connected through the flange rings, the outer diameter of each flange ring is 60mm larger than that of each leaching pipe, and each flange ring is fixed through the screws and the nuts.
As shown in fig. 1, the experimental simulation device for collecting soil and leachate in soil column leaching of pollutants mainly comprises a liquid storage tank 1, a peristaltic pump 2, a stagnant water layer leaching pipe 5, a surface soil layer leaching pipe 8, a middle soil layer leaching pipe 11, a bottom soil layer leaching pipe 12 and a sample receiving bottle 14. The diameter of each soil layer leaching pipe is 25cm, and the total height is 85 cm; the leaching pipe is sequentially provided with a water retention layer, a water distribution layer, a soil layer and a soil filtering layer from top to bottom. The height of the water distribution layer is 5cm, and the main filler is fine quartz sand. The height of the soil layer is 60cm, the filler is used research soil, and each layer of soil is 20 cm. The filtering soil layer is mainly a (260-300) mesh gauze. Leaching solution in each layer of soil enters a corresponding leachate collecting tank through a leachate layer; the bottom layer percolate enters the sample receiving bottle 14 through a flow guide pipe with the length of 6 cm.
Referring to fig. 2, an adjustable angle steel bracket which is simple and convenient to install and high in bearing pressure is designed according to the actual length, width and height of the eluviation device, a liquid storage tank, a peristaltic pump and the eluviation device are connected through peristaltic pump hoses, the end of the peristaltic pump hose connected with the input end of the peristaltic pump is placed below the liquid level of the liquid storage tank, and the other end of the peristaltic pump hose connected with the output end of the peristaltic pump is inserted into a water inlet at the upper end of a simulation device for soil collection and eluviation collection. After the peristaltic pump is started, the leaching solution in the liquid storage tank flows into the leaching soil column pipe under the action of the peristaltic pump. Three soil sample sampling ports were sampled separately and each layer of soil sample percolate was collected using a disposable needle cannula (10 mL or 20 mL).
The method of use of the present invention is further illustrated by the specific implementation procedures that follow.
Collecting experimental soil: the method comprises the steps of firstly removing weeds and gravels on the surface layer of soil, then vertically digging a pit with the length of 70cm, the width of 60cm and the depth of 90cm, then measuring the depth of soil to be collected by using a ruler with the length of 30cm, marking according to distribution, then collecting the soil layer by layer from bottom to top, and generally collecting the soil at the typical middle position of each layer of soil so as to overcome the transition phenomenon among layers. Then the sample is put into a sample bag, and the collection place, the level, the soil layer depth and the collection time are noted. In the embodiment, the soil with different sections collected from the periphery of the university of north and middle is naturally dried and sieved by 2mm soil, and then the surface soil (0-30 cm), the middle soil (30-60 cm) and the bottom soil (60-90 cm) are filled by 20cm and 60cm in total. )
The process of artificially preparing the polluted soil comprises the following steps: preparing 20-60 mg/Kg of polluted soil, comprising the following steps: weighing 5g +/-0.05 g of soil passing through a 2mm sieve, sucking 1-3 ml of standard stock solution (100 mg/L) by using a pipette, and adding the standard stock solution into the soil to prepare a soil sample of 20-60 mg/Kg. Different volumes of standard stock solutions were drawn up as required for the experiment.
In this embodiment, 20mg/Kg of contaminated soil is prepared by the following steps: 5 g. + -. 0.05g of soil sieved through a 2mm sieve was weighed and 1ml of a standard stock solution (100 mg/L) was added to 5g of soil, thereby preparing a soil sample of 20 mg/Kg.
The standard stock solution refers to a prepared mixed standard solution of aureomycin and doxycycline, and the concentration is 100 mg/L;
before the soil leaching experiment is carried out, experimental soil is firstly put into each layer of soil leaching pipe. The peristaltic pump is adjusted to flow into the soil column tube at a suitable rate, and the water supply is stopped when the outflow rate of the bottommost leaching tube is equal to or nearly close to the flow rate of the peristaltic pump (the purpose is to remove air from the soil column). Then, the mixture was allowed to stand for 2 days. Then, the experiment is carried out by the same operation, the change condition of the soil column is observed in the leaching process, surface soil, middle soil and bottom soil are respectively taken at the sampling port 1, the sampling port 2 and the sampling port 3 at intervals of several hours for carrying out pollutant concentration test, and meanwhile, leachate of each soil layer is taken by a needle tube for carrying out the pollutant concentration test. And after the first batch of leaching experiments are finished, unscrewing screws of the soil column frame, taking out the soil column, pouring the batch of soil, cleaning the device, and performing the next batch of experiments after air drying.
The above is only a brief embodiment of the present device. The device is rapid, simple, convenient, accurate and intuitive in effect for measuring the leaching characteristics of tetracycline antibiotics or other organic pollutants in the soil column.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a simulation device that soil acquisition and drench solution and collect in earth pillar eluviation which characterized in that: the device comprises a support frame, a liquid storage tank, a peristaltic pump, a flow guide pipe, an embedded top end cover, a water-retaining layer leaching pipe, a water distribution layer, a surface soil layer leaching pipe, a soil sample sampling port, a percolate collecting tank valve, a middle soil layer leaching pipe, a bottom soil layer leaching pipe, a water outlet valve and a sample receiving bottle, wherein the liquid storage tank, the peristaltic pump and each soil layer leaching pipe are connected through peristaltic pump hoses; the leaching pipe comprises a water-retaining layer leaching pipe, a water distribution layer, artificially prepared polluted soil, a surface soil layer leaching pipe, a filter soil layer, a middle soil layer leaching pipe, a filter soil layer, a bottom soil layer leaching pipe, a filter soil layer, a water outlet valve and a sample receiving bottle from top to bottom in sequence;
soil sample sampling ports are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the topsoil layer leaching pipe, the middle soil layer leaching pipe and the bottom soil layer leaching pipe, and a leachate collecting tank valve and a corresponding leachate collecting tank are arranged at the bottom of each leachate layer; leaching solution in each layer of soil enters a corresponding leachate collecting tank through a leachate layer; the bottom soil layer percolate enters the sample receiving bottle through the diversion pipe.
2. The soil collection and leachate collection simulation device for soil column leaching of contaminants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the stagnant water layer drenches and dissolves the pipe, topsoil layer drenches and dissolves the pipe, the well soil layer drenches and dissolves the pipe, the bed soil layer drenches and dissolves the pipe and make for organic glass, each drenches that dissolves the pipe the same size, does: the inner diameter is 15-30cm, the height is 85-120cm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-1.0 cm.
3. The soil collection and leachate collection simulation device for soil column leaching of contaminants as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the height of the stagnant water layer leaching pipe is 5-8cm, the thickness of the water distribution layer is 3-5cm, and the main filler is fine quartz sand; the heights of the topsoil layer leaching pipe, the middle soil layer leaching pipe and the bottom soil layer leaching pipe are all 20-25 cm.
4. The soil collection and leachate collection simulation device for soil column leaching of contaminants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the support frame is height-adjustable's steel construction quadrangular frame, including a plurality of parallel arrangement's horizon bar and vertical pole, eluviation pipe can be fixed on the horizon bar, and vertical pole is respectively through hasp perpendicular connection, and the support frame can be opened into plane, and convenient to detach drenches the pipe.
5. The soil collection and leachate collection simulation device for soil column leaching of contaminants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the surface soil layer eluviation tube is filled with 0-30cm of surface soil, the middle soil layer eluviation tube is filled with 30-60cm of middle soil, the bottom soil layer eluviation tube is filled with 60-90cm of bottom soil, and the quartz sand layer is 0.5-2mm of fine quartz sand.
6. The soil collection and leachate collection simulation device for soil column leaching of contaminants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the height of filtration liquid collecting vat is 5cm, and the filter screen mesh number in filtration liquid collecting vat top filter screen layer is 260-300 meshes, and the diameter of cylinder in the filtration liquid collecting vat is 19 cm.
7. The soil collection and leachate collection simulation device for soil column leaching of contaminants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle parts of the topsoil layer leaching pipe, the middle soil layer leaching pipe and the bottom soil layer leaching pipe are provided with a circular sampling port with the diameter of 3cm, and sampling is realized through a soil sampler.
8. The soil collection and leachate collection simulation device for soil column leaching of contaminants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the height of the percolate collecting tank below each soil layer is 5cm, the thickness is 2cm, valves are arranged on two sides, and percolate of each soil layer is collected in real time through a needle tube.
9. The soil collection and leachate collection simulation device for soil column leaching of contaminants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the leaching pipes of all soil layers are connected through flange rings, the outer diameter of each flange ring is 60mm larger than that of each leaching pipe, and each flange ring is fixed through screws and nuts.
10. The use method of the simulation device for soil collection and leachate collection of pollutants in soil column leaching according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting soil;
(2) artificially preparing eluviated soil: the soil is screened by a soil sieve of 2mm, and the soil is naturally dried in the shade and cannot be irradiated by sunlight; measuring the prepared standard stock solution by a pipette or other containers, adding the measured standard stock solution into the soil, uniformly stirring until the standard stock solution is completely mixed, and naturally drying in the dark for 18-24 hours;
the standard stock solution refers to a prepared mixed standard solution of aureomycin and doxycycline, and the concentration is 100 mg/L;
(3) installing an experiment simulation device:
firstly, paving one to two layers of 260-plus-300-mesh filter screens at the lowest end of a leaching device, then covering acid-washed quartz sand with the thickness of 3-5cm for 1-2mm, then filling deep soil of a soil sieve with the thickness of 2mm on the quartz sand layer for 60-90cm, and slowly shaking and knocking the soil column when the soil column is filled with the thickness of 5cm, so that the soil column is uniform and compact; then the flange rings of the bottom soil column and the middle soil column are tightly fixed by screws, and in the soil column, one or two layers of filter screens with the meshes of 260 plus 300 are firstly paved above the percolate collecting tank so as to intercept the soil above the tank; then, filling soil in a middle soil layer of 30-60cm, and shaking and beating while filling so as to enable the soil column to be uniform and compact; then filling surface soil with the thickness of 0-30cm, and the operation is the same as that of filling middle soil;
(4) before leaching experiment, CaCl with 0.01mol/L content is used to achieve soil ion balance2Slowly adding distilled water of the solution from the top of the soil column to enable the distilled water to slowly permeate the soil column from the top until water flows out from the bottom of the soil column; and the outflow rate is equivalent to the inflow rate, namely the soil column is saturated; after standing for two days, 500 g of prepared and uniformly mixed polluted soil is paved above the surface soil, in order to prevent soil disturbance and splashing of the leaching solution,covering a layer of acid-washed quartz sand with the thickness of 3-5cm above the surface soil, and covering a 260-sand 300-mesh filter screen with the diameter of 24 cm;
(5) using a peristaltic pump to supply the leaching solution until the designed leaching amount is reached; the leaching amount and the leaching time per day need to be set according to own experiments, and different experiments are different.
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