CN102348947A - Method for drying wood and an apparatus for the implementation thereof - Google Patents
Method for drying wood and an apparatus for the implementation thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102348947A CN102348947A CN2010800093468A CN201080009346A CN102348947A CN 102348947 A CN102348947 A CN 102348947A CN 2010800093468 A CN2010800093468 A CN 2010800093468A CN 201080009346 A CN201080009346 A CN 201080009346A CN 102348947 A CN102348947 A CN 102348947A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- receiver
- vacuum
- hothouse
- timber
- wood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of wood processing. The drying method consists of the repeated alternation of the cycles of blowing air heat-carrier over the wood at atmospheric pressure while heating the wood to an average volume temperature of 80-100 DEG C, applying a pulsed rapid vacuum with a working pressure of not more than 50 mm Hg over a time of up to 10 s with free moisture being forced out without the phase transformation of the water into vapour until a constant temperature of the wood is established, and relieving the vacuum to atmospheric pressure by supplying air heat-carrier, the wood being blown over and the vacuum relieved using air heat-carrier with a temperature of 150-300 DEG C at an excess pressure of not more than 0.07 MPa.; The apparatus for implementing this method for drying wood includes two drying chambers connected to a cooled receiver by pipes having fast-acting valves, said cooled receiver being connected in series to a second receiver and to a vacuum pump by means of a pipe with a vacuum seal. The first receiver is fitted with spiral guides for streams of vapour-droplet medium along a tangent to the inside diameter of the receiver shell. The drying chambers are connected to a heat-carrier preparation and delivery system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the timber process field, especially, the present invention relates to the vacuum drying of wood technology, and the present invention can be used in timber industry, treating of wood industry and other industrial in.
Background technology
The method of current use is by repeating heat cycles alternately construction material to be carried out the pulse Vacuum drying; Simultaneously by heat medium and application of vacuum to the material air blast, and each cycle period with duration that blasting time equates in heating and application of vacuum is adiabatic between operating.In 6 minutes, operating the execution air blast by gas-air Mixture (gas-air mixture) under 160 ℃ the temperature and under the water capacity at 15g/kg.In two minutes, carrying out application of vacuum (referring to a.c.USSR № 1000701, class.F 26B announced г in 5/04,1981 year .) under the residual compression of 300mm Hg.This device comprises hothouse and vavuum pump, and said hothouse and vavuum pump are connected to receiver through pipeline and valve.
The shortcoming of this method and this device comprises: since needs produce vacuum length time and need carry out the drying process long period and produce lot of energy consumption; The drying of wood is second-rate in transverse cross-sectional area; And final water content is quite inhomogeneous along the length of stockpile (pile).
Method for drying wood is preferably: in hothouse, extract out with the application of vacuum operation with the operation cycle of heat medium air blast and effusion steam and to repeat to replace, wherein timber is heated to 80 ℃ to 100 ℃ average volume temperature in advance.Then, replace through application of vacuum with heat medium operation air blast cycle repeats and to carry out the drying of wood, reach till 30% up to water capacity.After the application of vacuum circulation; In the hothouse of sealing, expose; Till pressure equals atmospheric pressure; And in 120 minutes, carrying out application of vacuum at 30 minutes under the residual compression of 10mm Hg to 50mm Hg; And in 1 second to 30 seconds, carrying out pressure discharges; When carrying out the application of vacuum operation, remove condensate, and in the time that equates with the application of vacuum operating time, under 80 ℃ to 150 ℃ temperature, operate the execution air blast by heat medium.Repeat drying of wood operation; Till reaching 30% water capacity and having passed through application of vacuum operation total time; Said application of vacuum operation total time confirms that through mathematical formulae said mathematical formulae comprises density of material, water capacity, surface area, thickness and the width etc. of dry timber.Water capacity reaches at 30% o'clock after the application of vacuum operation; Under the situation that does not have vacuum to expose, under 80 ℃ to 150 ℃ temperature, carry out the air blast operation, and perhaps confirm with accurate way when the drying of wood reaches final water capacity (referring to patent RF № 2056602class.F 26B 5/04) through mathematical formulae.
The device that is used for this method comprises the heat drying vacuum chamber, and said heat drying vacuum chamber is connected to receiver and vavuum pump through quick responsive valves and vacuum pipe system.The ratio in hothouse space and receiver space must be at least 1: 10 to obtain needed vacuum (vacuum depth).
The shortcoming of this method and apparatus comprises some operational issues.Need a large amount of costs to have receiver above the space in ten times in hothouse space with manufacturing; When the condensate removed from timber, need the whole system blow-by; And cause energy consumption to increase like this; And the different parts of device ineffectually use when carrying out drying of wood operation again, and efficient is relatively poor.
With the immediate similar approach of method required for protection is to carry out the drying of wood in the following manner: repeat alternately with heat medium operation air blast circulation of carrying out and the vapour removal of overflowing; Application of vacuum; Be heated to 80 ℃ to 100 ℃ average volume temperature in advance; Application of vacuum replaces with the air blast cycle repeats of carrying out with heat medium; By receiver; Responsive valves and pipeline are carried out each application of vacuum circulation through the fast vacuum processing method under constant timber heating in the hothouse of sealing fast; With the hothouse of isolated from atmosphere in to the constant heating of timber, and handle reaching the exposure of carrying out under the pressure that equals the steam pressure balance in the hothouse under the given temperature.Before each application of vacuum circulation; Under the pressure of 1mm Hg to 10mm Hg, in receiver, carry out fast vacuum and handle operation; Responsive valves was connected to receiver with hothouse at 0.1 second in 0.5 second fast; And in 0.5 second to 5.0 seconds, pressure is discharged, and use pipeline to connect hothouse to receiver.The receiver spatial design becomes when the receiver space is connected to hothouse, and the pressure in the hothouse should be less than the steam pressure balance under given temperature (referring to patent RF № 2228498Class F 26B 5/4).
In fact the immediate similar device that uses the device of this method is Wood drying apparatus (referring to patent RF № 2213309, F 26B, 9/06,5/04).This equipment comprises two hothouses, and said two hothouses are connected to receiver and vavuum pump through the pipeline with quick responsive valves.After receiver was filled with timber, the space of receiver equated with the space of one of two hothouses.This equipment configuration has air lock to decide the chamber and this equipment is connected to the air lock chamber through pipeline and valve.The pipeline that hothouse and receiver are coupled together is installed to receiver tangently.Calculate the diameter of the pipeline that each hothouse is all coupled together with receiver according to following formula:
4√P×P
0×t
Wherein: d-pipeline diameter, m;
Pressure in the P-hothouse, Pa;
P
0Pressure in the-receiver, Pa;
L-pipeline length, m;
The free space of Vo-hothouse, m
3
T-reaches the time of the design pressure in the hothouse, s.
This method and apparatus has some operational drawbacks.
The shortcoming of this method comprises carries out the heating of vacuum timber, during the Balance Treatment of the more low intensive water evaporates of reality, causes the moisture extraction like this and causes the desiccated wood than the dried and the poor quality of low velocity.In addition, initial timber is heated to 80 ℃ to 100 ℃, can produces outside crackle and underbead crack by air than low humidity.
The shortcoming of this device is to have relatively poor performance.When two hothouses are operated simultaneously; Must carrying out alternately, application of vacuum is extracted in the receiver with steam and water droplet medium with high temperature; And this causes, and temperature raises and lower vacuum structure speed in receiver and the vacuum pump chamber, and reduces the vacuum level in the receiver.Therefore, the efficient of fast vacuum processing reduces, and this is because the barometric gradient in hothouse and the receiver reduces, and said barometric gradient reduces the duration that has increased drying of wood processing and increased energy consumption.In vacuum pipeline and in the recuperation of heat air line, lack be used for steam-with the equipment of-water droplets mixture condensation and hot-fluid cooling, reduced the productivity ratio of installing and the quality of desiccated wood like this.
For the pipeline diameter in the formula of confirming to mention; The time of the preset pressure in the hothouse is comprised in the immediate similar approach, and this time is depended on the relation between the free space of space and hothouse of the filling in hothouse and the receiver after the variations in temperature under adiabatic gas expansion.Free space in the hothouse is not constant, this be because the volume of stockpile along with timber size changes.The above-mentioned formula that is used for definite pipeline diameter seems incorrect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to develop a kind of device that is used for the method for the drying of wood and is actually used in the drying of wood, the present invention allows to use the high temperature drying process to promote dried, improves the quality of desiccated wood simultaneously and reduces energy consumption.
By come the method for desiccated wood to realize this purpose by the alternate cycles that repeats; Said alternate cycles comprises by heat medium operation carries out air blast to timber and timber is heated to 80 ℃ to 100 ℃ average volume temperature; With pulse (fast) application of vacuum of using receiver, quick responsive valves and pipeline to carry out; Carrying out vacuum then exposes; Under atmospheric pressure, carry out the timber air blast; Carry out pulse Vacuum in time of 10 seconds and handle being no more than; There is not water under the situation of the phase transformation of steam, free moisture to be extruded from timber; Said pulse Vacuum is handled and is comprised that vacuum is exposed to the timber temperature constant value that reaches stable; By heat medium vacuum is discharged into atmospheric pressure then; And the recuperation of heat air that has 150 ℃ to 300 ℃ temperature by use is carried out timber air blast and vacuum release; And when finishing, the temperature that has 100 ℃ to 115 ℃ by use is carried out one or more drying cycles with the steam that is no more than 0.07MPa Pressure gauge pressure as heat medium when drying process begins.Under the operating pressure that is no more than 50mm Hg, carry out application of vacuum.
For the drying process of accomplishing wood of coniferous tree, remove on the receiver inwall of cooling the rosin of condensation, make said rosin fusing through the temperature with 115 ℃ with the steam that is no more than 0.07MPa Pressure gauge pressure subsequently and flow to the outer cover of receiver downwards.
In order to carry out this method, a kind of Wood drying apparatus is proposed.Said Wood drying apparatus comprises two hothouses; Said two hothouses are connected to receiver through the pipeline with quick responsive valves, and said receiver is equipped with air lock chamber and said receiver to connect said air lock chamber and vavuum pump through pipeline and valve.In addition, this device is equipped with second receiver, and said second receiver is placed to connects with first receiver and be connected to vavuum pump through pipeline and vacuum lock.First receiver is equipped with outer cover; And near the internal diameter with the receiver body outlet of first receiver is equipped with the spiral helicine guiding device that is used for steam and water droplet flow direction tangently, and hothouse is connected to the system that is used to prepare hot heat medium supply through air duct.
Calculate according to following formula receiver free space and hothouse free space summation and reach the time relation of the preset pressure in the hothouse:
V
p/V
κ.c.＝(P
κ.c.o.-P
H.П.)/(P
H.П.-P
po)；
t＝[(P
H.П./P
κ.c.o)
(κ-1)/(2-κ)-1]/B；
Wherein: V
pThe free space of-receiver;
V
κ .c.The free space of-hothouse;
P
κ .c.o.Initial pressure in the-hothouse;
P
H. П.-depend on the saturation pressure of the water vapour of the temperature in the hothouse;
P
PoInitial pressure in the-receiver;
T-reaches the time of the preset pressure in the hothouse;
Gas polytropic exponent in κ-hothouse;
B=(κ-1)/2 * (Go/ ω
oThe index of)-discharge rate;
The g-free-fall acceleration;
F
κ pThe area of injection orifice of-pipeline that hothouse and receiver are coupled together;
The gas constant of gas in the R-hothouse;
T
κ .c.o-the initial temperature of gas before the opening of valves in the hothouse;
ω
o-the initial mass of gas before the opening of valves in the hothouse;
In this device, hot heat medium feed system design allows control time, flow and temperature.
For some performance such as fire resistance and biological stability is provided to timber, this device is equipped with the material processed preparation facilities, and this material processed preparation facilities is connected to pipeline through injection valve, and nozzle is used for uniform distribution processing material on stockpile.
The drying means that is provided has improved the rate of heat addition that is used for timber, and this is because to compare with heating timber under vacuum be heating under atmospheric pressure, and is owing under 150 ℃ to 300 ℃ temperature, supply with the recuperation of heat air of drying.With regard to this situation, reached the maximum of heating timber temperature.Handle operating period in following pulse Vacuum because moisture the overheated and moisture boiling in timber, occurs, thereby occur more intensive moisture from timber transfer to the hothouse with vacuum pipeline in.
Because steam and cooling of water droplet medium and condensation are taking place in the evacuated receiver of cooling during the vacuum pulse; Compare and under the influence of vacuum pulse, occur the barometric gradient of higher value with immediate similar scheme; So having evaporation, the most of moisture in the timber capillary is not drawn out of the water droplet (mist) that becomes minimum; The moisture that the water droplet of said minimum (mist) allows to strengthen from treating of wood is extracted out; Energy consumption simultaneously reduces; And when in traditional drying device, carrying out drying, under the situation that does not take place to destroy, produce desiccated wood high-quality and that have uniform water capacity.
All key character causes increasing with the gross space of piling up timber filling hothouse evacuated receiver afterwards and the relation of hothouse free space.The vacuum that has improved like this in the hothouse makes up speed and vacuum, and result's strengthened pressurizeing out processing of moisture is handled with the drying of wood, has reduced drying time and energy consumption, and has improved the efficient of installing.
Description of drawings
With reference to description of drawings the present invention, accompanying drawing illustrates the layout (Fig. 2) of element of block arrangements (Fig. 1) and the hothouse of the device that is used to carry out drying means.
The specific embodiment
The layout of the block arrangements of device and the element of hothouse comprises hothouse 1,2, and said hothouse 1,2 is connected to the evacuated receiver 5 of cooling through pipeline 20,21 and quick responsive valves 3,4.In the porch of receiver 5, spiral helicine guiding device 11 is installed.Receiver 5 is connected in series second evacuated receiver 6 and vavuum pump 8 through pipeline 22 and vacuum lock 9, and receiver 5 through pipeline be connected valve 24 and be connected to air lock chamber 7.Air lock chamber 7 is equipped with drain cock 10 and ventilating cock 26.Hothouse 1,2 is connected to heat medium supply pipeline 12.The heat medium supply pipeline is connected to the system 13 that is used for the heat medium preparation, and said system 13 comprises: steam generator or boiler room, and it is used for being no more than supply steam under the 0.07MPa Pressure gauge pressure under 100 ℃ to 115 ℃; With gas generator 34, it is used for the recuperation of heat air is prepared into preset temperature (150 ℃ to 300 ℃); Two vacuum locks 25; Fan 29; With two vacuum locks 14, said two vacuum locks 14 are used for the heating of stockpile.Supply with steam and air heat medium from the end of hothouse, and heat hot stream is directed into a side or the opposite side of stockpile through guiding device 15 or baffle plate assembly 23.The heating hot-fluid is directed into the cross section of stockpile and leaves stockpile through air duct 30 and vacuum lock 31 from rear side.The recuperation of heat air is directed into vortex tube 32 and heating element formula drier 33, and said heating element formula drier 33 usefulness water quench are to reduce the relative humidity from the air stream of hothouse.Drain cock 27 is designed for condensate is discharged into receiving tank from hothouse.
Carry out the drying means that is provided in the following manner.Timber to be dried is packaged in the stockpile on the movable handcart and is placed in hothouse 1 or 2.Because the function class of the function of secondary drying chamber and first hothouse seemingly, so pass through the operation of the example description device of first hothouse.The door of hothouse 1 is closed, and responsive valves 3 is closed with cock 10,26,27 fast.The function of vavuum pump 8 is in receiver 5, receiver 6 and the air lock chamber 7 of cooling, the operating pressure that is no more than 50mm Hg to be provided; Vacuum lock 9 is opened with valve 24.
When reaching preset pressure in receiver 5,6 and the air lock chamber 7, vacuum lock 9 cuts out and vavuum pump cuts out.In the timber heating period, have 100 ℃ to 115 ℃ temperature and the water vapour that is no more than 0.07MPa Pressure gauge pressure from the boiler room or steam generator 36 supply with through steam-air heat medium pipeline 12, vacuum lock 25,14 and water conservancy diversion device 15 or baffle plate assembly 23 by fan 29.Water vapour is at an enterprising side or the opposite side of going into stockpile of the cross section of stockpile, and leaves stockpile through air duct 30 or vacuum lock 31 from rear side.
When the preset temperature that reaches 80 ℃ to 100 ℃ in the stockpile; According to wood size; The supply of water vapour is closed through vacuum lock 14,31 and is stopped; Responsive valves 3 was opened in 1 second fast; Said quick responsive valves 3 is connected to hothouse 1 receiver 5 of cooling; The vacuum pulse that carries out timber impacts, and the vacuum pulse of said timber impacts and comprises that moisture extrudes and drying, and the pressure in receiver 5,6, air lock chamber 7 and the hothouse 1 becomes identical; And the temperature in the hothouse reduces.In hothouse 1, when temperature drop will reach the equilibrium temperature of timber, carry out vacuum and expose.Then, responsive valves 3 is closed fast, and vacuum lock 31,14 is opened to discharge vacuum by the recuperation of heat air, so that in hothouse 1, reach atmospheric pressure, vacuum lock 31,14 cuts out, and drain cock 27 is opened and drained condensate from hothouse 1.Simultaneously, remove condensate from the air lock chamber: valve 24 cuts out, and valve 26 is opened so that the pressure in the air lock chamber equals atmospheric pressure, and valve 10 is opened to remove condensate from the air lock chamber.Receiver 5,6 does not have sealed, when reaching the operating pressure of the burst process operation that is used to carry out subsequently, allows to save time like this, and energy consumption reduces.Condensate from hothouse and air lock chamber is directed in the drainer.After hothouse 1 and air lock chamber 7 are removed condensate; Cock 10,26,27 is closed, and responsive valves 3 is closed fast, and vacuum lock 9 is opened with valve 24; Vavuum pump 8 is opened, and in receiver 5,6 and air lock chamber 7, produces vacuum to reach the operating pressure that is no more than 50mm Hg.Simultaneously; In receiver 5,6, reach under the situation of vacuum state; Steam is fed in the hothouse 1 through vacuum lock 14; Remove heat medium through vacuum lock 31 and make its temperature that reaches 80 ℃ to 100 ℃, and carry out vacuum pulse and handle with extrusion moisture and drying of wood with heating timber.Be attended by temperature be reduced to the pulse Vacuum of stablizing the timber temperature handle with the vacuum exposure before, repeat one or many by the stockpile heat cycles of water vapour according to the timber size in the stockpile.
For such as water vapour C
pThe more effectively heat medium of=2.09kJ/ (kg * degree C), thermal capacity C
pThe variation of the air heat medium of=1.0kJ/ (kg * degree C) allows to quicken the timber heating and reduces the drying of wood time.Under this temperature contrast between water vapour and the timber, the water vapour condensate appears on wood surface, and be attended by the latent heat that discharges r=2262.6kJ/kg, and fundamentally obtain the timber heating curves.Quicken to handle simultaneously with the drying of wood; Because the lip-deep water vapour condensate of timber; Water is diffused in the timber; Thereby make the upper strata of timber moist; And occurring surface stress in the timber discharges; And under the drying of other type, the initial period surface stress of extracting out at moisture causes timber to split.
The residual compression of the reduced levels in the hothouse and the higher rate that reaches this pressure provide and have been used in the condition of the moisture movement that is not having water under the influence of pressure reduction (pressure of hothouse is less than the pressure in the capillary), to make under the situation of the phase transformation of steam to be in capillary and the internal capillaries space to the surface.The diffusion of gas through this gas that is dissolved in the water promotes this process.What move sooner than water at first is gas, said gas setting in motion and the vapor stream of generation rule in capillary.
In the stockpile heating period, and,, under the situation of the phase transformation of steam, will extrude 40% to 60% free moisture of measuring, and strengthen moisture and extracted processing out and reduced energy consumption at water according to the type of timber owing to vacuum pulse is handled.
When in stockpile, reaching 80 ℃ to 100 ℃ average volume temperature, timber stops by the heating of steam, and proceeds heating according to the type and the size of timber by the hot-air of 150 ℃ to 300 ℃ preset temperature.
In gas generator 34, the hot gas with temperature of 1000 ℃ to 1200 ℃ mixes with atmospheric air, and after vortex tube 32, mixes with dry hot-air, and after heating element 33, mixes with dry cold air.The heat carrier of 150 ℃ to 300 ℃ the temperature with setting that has prepared passes through vacuum lock 25 through the steam heat carrier 12 by fan 29 from gas generator according to the type and the size of the timber in the stockpile; 14; Water conservancy diversion device 15 or baffle plate assembly 23 and supply to hothouse 1 and the timber stockpile is evenly heated being used for; And make said heat carrier be guided a side or the opposite side of stockpile at the cross section of stockpile through removing vapours from the opposite side of stockpile; And get into vortex tube 32 and the heating element formula drier 33 from hothouse with water quench through air duct 30 or vacuum lock 31; So that reduction relative humidity, and used heat carrier is recycled in the gas generator.
In vortex tube, air stream is divided into the air and the hot-air of cooling, and said cold but air gets into heating element formula drier 33, and hot-air gets in the gas generator and as the composition of heat recovery gas.Dry air stream gets into air generator 34 has preset temperature with preparation heat medium from heating element formula drier 33.The moisture of condensation gets into drainer from drier 33.
When in hothouse 1, reaching preset temperature, stop to supply with hot heat medium by vacuum lock 14 and 37, cock 27 is closed, and the quick responsive valves 3 that hothouse 1 and the receiver 5 that cools off couple together is opened.Timber is carried out the thermal vacuum burst process, be attended by and extrude moisture and drying, and in receiver 5,6, air lock chamber 7 and hothouse 1, pressure balance occurs, reduce the temperature in the hothouse simultaneously.In hothouse, the vacuum of when the temperature of timber is reduced to constant level, carrying out timber exposes.Then, responsive valves 3 is closed fast, and vacuum lock 14,31 is opened to discharge vacuum by the recuperation of heat air, so that in hothouse 1, reach atmospheric pressure, vacuum lock 14,31 cuts out, and drain cock 27 is opened to drain condensate from hothouse 1.Simultaneously, remove condensate from the air lock chamber: valve 24 cuts out, and valve 26 is opened to be used for the making pressure of air lock chamber equal atmospheric pressure, and valve 10 is opened to remove condensate from the air lock chamber subsequently.Condensate from hothouse and air lock chamber gets into drainer.After hothouse 1 and air lock chamber 7 are removed condensate; Cock 10,26,27 is closed, and responsive valves 3 is closed fast, and vacuum lock 24 is opened with valve 9; Vavuum pump 8 is opened, and in receiver 5,6 and air lock chamber 7, produces vacuum to reach the operating pressure that is no more than 50mm Hg.Simultaneously, in hothouse 1, in vacuum pipeline, reach under the situation of vacuum, when reaching preset temperature, timber is heated, and timber is carried out vacuum pulse handle, be attended by moisture extrusion and dry by the recuperation of heat air.When timber is removed moisture,, and in hothouse, observe the vacuum increase in the outlet hollow gas flow temperature raising of hothouse.In hothouse, before vacuum pulse is handled, repeat by of the heating of dry recuperation of heat air when in timber, reaching needed water capacity stockpile.According to the temperature difference of the recuperation of heat air in the porch of hothouse and exit and according to the temperature detection drying of wood EO of the water vapour in the vacuum pipeline.
When drying of wood EO, carry out conditioning (conditioning), the moistening and temperature on the upper strata of timber is reduced drying of wood operation.Method through by " steam treatment (steaming) " of vacuum pulse circulation is carried out the conditioning operation.Carry out vacuum in the hothouse 1 and discharge through spraying steam into, the time of carrying out is subsequently regulated, and water is diffused in the upper strata of timber and the stress in the timber reduces.The amount of steam and time adjusting is according to the type and the size of timber.Be discharged into through open valve 3,4 and with too much pressure in the receiver 5 of cooling and accomplish the conditioning step.
When EO, when the uneven drying of wood took place, the stress development in the timber had promoted on the surface of material to be dried and interior zone, to form crackle, and has caused twist like this.Extract cycle period out at 2 to 3 final moistures, when steam gets into stockpile, increased the water capacity in the upper strata of timber, stress reduces simultaneously, forms and distortion so that prevent the crackle of timber to be dried.Experimental result illustrates, and the stress in the timber from 7% to 8% is reduced to 1.5% to 2.0% when drying process finishes after two timber steam fabrication cycles.
Receiver 5 usefulness of cooling act on the condenser from the evaporant of timber, and this is because moisture and rosin steam (when dry wood of coniferous tree) cool off and condensation on the condenser inner surface of water quench.Be installed in tangently spiral helicine guiding device 11 on the internal diameter of receiver body 5 of cooling, that be used for steam and water droplet stream because the mean temperature of the medium of extracting out reduces condensed steam and condensate is removed to the air lock chamber on one's own initiative.When dry wood of coniferous tree, the receiver 5 of cooling continues to serve as water droplet trap and rosin receiving tank.
Receiver 5,6 alternately is connected to vavuum pump 6 through the top of receiver 6; Reduced the possibility that gets into steam and water droplet medium vavuum pump so significantly; Owing to reduced the time that reaches the operating pressure in the receiver, thereby improved the productivity ratio of equipment and reduced energy consumption.
The function of hothouse 1,2 is synchronous, when in hothouse 1, carrying out the timber heat cycles with box lunch, in hothouse 2, carry out the thermal vacuum pulse cycle that comprises the extrusion of timber moisture and the drying of wood, and vice versa.
When drying process was accomplished, condensate was discharged in the receiving tank through cock 27.
After the wood of coniferous tree drying process; Get into the processing that the rosin of carrying out condensation in the receiver outer cover is removed from the inner surface of the receiver of cooling through the steam that makes 100 ℃ to 115 ℃, rosin is heated to reach liquid condition and rosin through in valve 24 and the cock 10 entering containers.
The device 16 that is used to prepare first fire retardant, timber preservative and varnish paint composition is designed to extra characteristic to timber is provided; Fire resistance for example through allowing the impregnation of wood fire retardant produce; Produce anti-biological (bioproofness) with the timber preservative impreg, and said device is designed to through applying the multiple color and tint that the varnish paint composition obtains to be used for timber.The solution for preparing is supplied to hothouse 1 from measurer 17 through pipeline 19 and injection valve 18, in the whole volumes that are evenly distributed on the timber stockpile.After drying of wood operation, and when reaching needed water capacity, carry out timber pickling through making material stream supply with dipping when reaching atmospheric pressure when vacuum release.
Made the sample of desired equipment through the overtesting industrial test stage; And the sample of this equipment has proved high-quality polytype desiccated wood, has reduced drying time, has improved operating reliability; Operate easily, and reduced the cost of dry timber.
This device has the Environmental security fireproof system of sealing, and meets international standard.This device is characterised in that; When the polytype timber of drying, has higher efficient; This device allows keeping the high-quality of timber simultaneously the drying of wood to be become to have needed water capacity and provide these such as fire resistance, anti-biological special nature; And obtain the timber of multiple color and character, and when dry wood of coniferous tree, catch rosin.This equipment is operated easily, has practiced thrift cost, and makes the drying of wood handle automation.
Claims (6)
1 A through repeated cycles in a method for drying wood, the alternation cycle comprises: a heating operation on the timber blast medium, and said timber is heated to 80 ℃ to 100 ℃ average bulk temperature; use the receiver , quick response valves and piping pulse (fast) vacuum treatment, and then exposed to vacuum, wherein the timber blast is performed at atmospheric pressure, the pulse does not exceed the vacuum processing is performed within 10 seconds of in the absence of a phase change of water to the steam from the timber case of the free water pressed out of the vacuum processing comprises a vacuum exposure pulse to achieve a stable constant temperature timber, and then releasing the vacuum by heating medium to atmospheric pressure, but also by having a 150 ℃ to 300 ℃ temperature heat recovery air blast and vacuum release perform timber, and in the beginning and end of the drying operation, through the use of a 100 ℃ to 115 ℃ temperature and gauge pressure of not more than 0.07MPa steam as the heating medium to perform one or more drying cycle.
2. method according to claim 1; Wherein, For wood of coniferous tree; When accomplishing drying process, make on the inwall of the receiver of cooling the rosin fusing of condensation and flow to downwards in the outer cover of receiver and said rosin is removed and is discharged in the container by temperature and the steam that is no more than 0.07MPa Pressure gauge pressure with 115 ℃.
3. the device that is used for the drying of wood; Said device comprises two hothouses; Said two hothouses are connected to receiver through the pipeline with quick responsive valves; Said receiver is equipped with air lock chamber and said receiver to be connected to said air lock chamber and vavuum pump through the pipeline with valve; Wherein, Said device is equipped with second receiver extraly, and said second receiver is placed to connects with said first receiver and be connected to vavuum pump through the pipeline with vacuum lock; Said first receiver is equipped with outer cover; And near the internal diameter with the receiver body said first receiver outlet is equipped with the spiral helicine guiding device that is used for steam and water droplet flow direction tangently, and hothouse is connected to the system that is used to prepare hot heat medium supply through air duct.
4. device according to claim 3, wherein, calculate relation and time that reaches preset pressure in the hothouse of free space of free space summation and the hothouse of receiver according to following formula:
V
р/V
к.с.＝(P
к.с.о.-P
н.п)/(P
н.п-P
ро)；
t＝[(P
н.п./P
к.с.о)
(к-1)/(2-к)-1]/B；
Wherein: V
рThe free space of-receiver;
V
к. с.The free space of-hothouse;
P
к. с. оInitial pressure in the-hothouse;
P
н. п.-depend on the saturation pressure of the water vapour of the temperature in the hothouse;
P
р оInitial pressure in the-receiver;
T-reaches the time of the preset pressure in the hothouse;
Gas polytropic exponent in к-hothouse;
B=(к-1)/2 * (Go/ ω
оThe index of)-discharge rate;
The g-free-fall acceleration;
F
к рThe area of injection orifice of-pipeline that hothouse and receiver are coupled together;
The gas constant of the gas in the R-hothouse;
T
к. с. о-the initial temperature of gas before opening of valves operation in the hothouse;
ω
о-the initial mass of gas before opening of valves operation in the hothouse.
5. device according to claim 3, wherein, hot heat medium feed system design allows control time, flow and temperature.
6. device according to claim 1, wherein, said device is equipped with handles the material preparation unit, and said processing material preparation unit is connected to the pipeline with nozzle through injection valve, and said nozzle is used for uniform distribution processing material on stockpile.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2009106920/06A RU2400684C1 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2009-02-27 | Method for wood drying and device for its realisation |
| RU2009106920 | 2009-02-27 | ||
| PCT/RU2010/000091 WO2010098698A2 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-02-26 | Method for drying wood and an apparatus for the implementation thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102348947A true CN102348947A (en) | 2012-02-08 |
| CN102348947B CN102348947B (en) | 2014-02-26 |
Family
ID=42666112
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201080009346.8A Expired - Fee Related CN102348947B (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-02-26 | Method for drying wood and an apparatus for the implementation thereof |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120023772A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2402691A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5420682B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20110136823A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102348947B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2400684C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010098698A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106182256A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-07 | 李文刚 | The method shortening the modifying cotton wood cycle based on pulsed increase and decrease air pressure |
| CN112556337A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-26 | 东北林业大学 | Wood drying machine with degerming function |
| CN113874671A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2021-12-31 | 维斯有限公司 | In CO2Method for thermally drying wood in an atmosphere, and drying plant for carrying out the method and resulting product |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2395766C1 (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-07-27 | Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Твин Трейдинг Компани" | Drying method of materials of vegetable, animal origin, fish and seafood, and device for its implementation |
| RU2493112C1 (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-09-20 | Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Твин Трейдинг Компани" | Method of sediment dehydration |
| WO2014150080A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | U.S. Natural Resources, Inc. | Multi-pass lumber kilns |
| WO2014150082A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | U.S. Natural Resources, Inc. | Unidirectional nulti-path lumber kilns |
| RU2529286C1 (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2014-09-27 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Кемеровский технологический институт пищевой промышленности | Food products vacuum drying method |
| JP2017535690A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-11-30 | オブスチェストヴォ ス オグラニチェンノイ オトヴェツトヴェンノスチュ “ツイン テクノロジー カンパニー”Ｏｂｓｈｅｓｔｖｏ Ｓ Ｏｇｒａｎｉｃｈｅｎｎｏｙ Ｏｔｖｅｔｓｔｖｅｎｎｏｓｔｙｕ ‘Ｔｗｉｎ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ’ | Cellulose production method |
| RU180306U1 (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-06-08 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Жизненная сила" | CHAMBER FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF WOOD |
| RU2621436C1 (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2017-06-06 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Жизненная сила" | Way of wood heating and flame hardening |
| AT520600B1 (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2021-07-15 | Muehlboeck Holztrocknungsanlagen Gmbh | Device and method for drying bulk material |
| CN114643627B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-03-21 | 南京生兴有害生物防治技术股份有限公司 | Box type wood heat treatment device and treatment method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0256100A1 (en) * | 1986-02-06 | 1988-02-24 | Steen O Moldrup | Method for the drying of wood and wood-based products. |
| US20020178608A1 (en) * | 2001-05-04 | 2002-12-05 | Aleksandrs Leonovs | Method and apparatus for the production of lumber identical to natural Bog oak |
| RU2238490C2 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-10-20 | Голицын Владимир Петрович | Method for drying vegetable materials |
| CN101178282A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2008-05-14 | 北京林业大学 | Wood drying device |
| CN201152671Y (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2008-11-19 | 北京林业大学 | Wood drying equipment |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1021676A (en) * | 1909-10-11 | 1912-03-26 | Nat Lumber Vulcanizing Corp | Vulcanized wood. |
| US1066523A (en) * | 1911-11-20 | 1913-07-08 | Frank A Palen | Process for the scientific curing of woods. |
| US1838291A (en) * | 1929-07-11 | 1931-12-29 | Wood Preserving Corp | Process of conditioning wood for impregnation with preservatives |
| US2142984A (en) * | 1937-08-04 | 1939-01-03 | Refining Inc | Evaporating mechanism and process |
| US2334586A (en) * | 1942-10-20 | 1943-11-16 | Grant B Shipley | Wood-preserving apparatus |
| US2696449A (en) * | 1953-11-24 | 1954-12-07 | Upson Co | Method and apparatus for spray coating of surfaces |
| US2865511A (en) * | 1955-12-28 | 1958-12-23 | Gand A Lab Inc | Filter apparatus |
| US3222182A (en) * | 1963-05-16 | 1965-12-07 | Lipton Inc Thomas J | Drying instant tea |
| US3283412A (en) * | 1964-09-09 | 1966-11-08 | Frederick R Furth | Process and apparatus for drying and treating lumber |
| US4017980A (en) * | 1973-04-30 | 1977-04-19 | Kleinguenther Robert A | Apparatus and process for treating wood and fibrous materials |
| US4026037A (en) * | 1975-02-18 | 1977-05-31 | Adolf Buchholz | Apparatus for steam drying |
| US4106215A (en) * | 1976-07-14 | 1978-08-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Wood impingement dryer |
| JPS602489B2 (en) * | 1977-05-02 | 1985-01-22 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Pressure fluid release device for low noise |
| JPS579096U (en) * | 1980-05-30 | 1982-01-18 | ||
| JPH1183311A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-26 | Toyo Plant:Kk | Method and apparatus for drying sludge |
| AUPQ022599A0 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 1999-06-03 | Slrg Drying Co. Pty Ltd | Method and apparatus for drying material |
| JP2001058304A (en) * | 1999-08-19 | 2001-03-06 | Nakai Sangyo Kk | Method for drying wood |
| US6085443A (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2000-07-11 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Apparatus and method for drying relatively small lots of products |
| WO2001088449A1 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-11-22 | Sun Tae Choi | Method of drying wood and a system therefor |
| US6536133B1 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-03-25 | Alvin A. Snaper | Method and apparatus for drying harvested crops prior to storage |
| JP2004268494A (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-09-30 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Method and apparatus for drying wood |
| KR101236972B1 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2013-02-22 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Cyclone Condensing Apparatus and Washing/Drying Machine Having the Same |
| RU48218U1 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2005-09-27 | Комарицкий Владимир Васильевич | WOOD DRYING UNIT |
| US7828527B2 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2010-11-09 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Paint circulating system and method |
| US7913417B2 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2011-03-29 | The Sherwin-Williams Company | System and method to control energy input to a material |
| RU58677U1 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2006-11-27 | Владимир Петрович Голицын | WOOD DRYING UNIT |
-
2009
- 2009-02-27 RU RU2009106920/06A patent/RU2400684C1/en active
-
2010
- 2010-02-26 CN CN201080009346.8A patent/CN102348947B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-02-26 EP EP10746505.6A patent/EP2402691A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-02-26 US US13/203,296 patent/US20120023772A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-26 JP JP2011552001A patent/JP5420682B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-02-26 WO PCT/RU2010/000091 patent/WO2010098698A2/en active Application Filing
- 2010-02-26 KR KR1020117022597A patent/KR20110136823A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0256100A1 (en) * | 1986-02-06 | 1988-02-24 | Steen O Moldrup | Method for the drying of wood and wood-based products. |
| US20020178608A1 (en) * | 2001-05-04 | 2002-12-05 | Aleksandrs Leonovs | Method and apparatus for the production of lumber identical to natural Bog oak |
| RU2238490C2 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-10-20 | Голицын Владимир Петрович | Method for drying vegetable materials |
| CN101178282A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2008-05-14 | 北京林业大学 | Wood drying device |
| CN201152671Y (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2008-11-19 | 北京林业大学 | Wood drying equipment |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106182256A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-07 | 李文刚 | The method shortening the modifying cotton wood cycle based on pulsed increase and decrease air pressure |
| CN113874671A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2021-12-31 | 维斯有限公司 | In CO2Method for thermally drying wood in an atmosphere, and drying plant for carrying out the method and resulting product |
| CN113874671B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2023-02-24 | 维斯有限公司 | Method for thermally drying wood in a CO atmosphere, and drying plant and resulting product for implementing the method |
| CN112556337A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-26 | 东北林业大学 | Wood drying machine with degerming function |
| CN112556337B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-09-20 | 东北林业大学 | Wood drying machine with degerming function |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102348947B (en) | 2014-02-26 |
| RU2400684C1 (en) | 2010-09-27 |
| JP2012519262A (en) | 2012-08-23 |
| EP2402691A2 (en) | 2012-01-04 |
| WO2010098698A3 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
| WO2010098698A2 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
| US20120023772A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
| KR20110136823A (en) | 2011-12-21 |
| EP2402691A4 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
| JP5420682B2 (en) | 2014-02-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102348947B (en) | Method for drying wood and an apparatus for the implementation thereof | |
| US4194296A (en) | Vacuum drying kiln | |
| US4474199A (en) | Cleaning or stripping of coated objects | |
| US8282788B2 (en) | Extraction apparatus and method of extracting essential oils, essence, and pigments from odorous raw material by microwave heating under sub-critical conditions | |
| CN102460050B (en) | Method and device for drying materials | |
| KR20020040761A (en) | methereforthod of drying wood and a system | |
| FI60133C (en) | FOERFARANDE FOER INDUSTNING AV VATTENHALTIGA VAETSKOR | |
| US1415623A (en) | Method of drying goods | |
| US4345384A (en) | Process for drying wood | |
| EP2453454B1 (en) | Method for manufacturing electrotechnical articles | |
| RU2624088C1 (en) | Method of drying plant-based material and device for its implementation | |
| RU2302740C1 (en) | Plant material drying apparatus | |
| US918335A (en) | Method of drying materials with superheated steam. | |
| RU2304747C1 (en) | Method for wood drying | |
| RU2343381C2 (en) | Device for drying and treating wood | |
| US4757829A (en) | Expansion of vegetable material | |
| RU2300893C1 (en) | Method for drying of plant materials | |
| RU66492U1 (en) | DRYING AND IMPREGNATING PLANT FOR WOOD | |
| CN206593919U (en) | The device of formaldehyde in a kind of rapid extraction water paint | |
| CN205351948U (en) | Vacuum drier | |
| US100380A (en) | Improvement in seasoning and preserving wood | |
| RU2468319C2 (en) | Method of drying wood and plant for its implementation | |
| RU48218U1 (en) | WOOD DRYING UNIT | |
| RU50289U1 (en) | WOOD DRYING UNIT | |
| GB305066A (en) | Process of and apparatus for extracting oils and resins from hops |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20151103 Address after: Russian Federation Moscow Patentee after: Gemini Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Russian Federation Moscow Patentee before: ZAKRYTOE AKCIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO "TWIN TRADING CO. |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140226 |