CN102341661A - 用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在于用于准备制冷器和压缩机设备的一组程序,所述制冷器和压缩机设备在放入制冷气体之前是密封的,极大地提高了制冷压缩机的能效率和使用寿命。过程管被添加到封闭式或半封闭式压缩机的侧壁,所述过程管由铜、钢或任何其他合适的材料制成,所述过程管在最下部水平地附接到封闭式压缩机的侧壁,或垂直地连接到所述压缩机的底部的中心且其端部水平地离开所述压缩机。在压缩机组件中还具有另外的机构以改进和极大地提高制冷过程。
Description
这是本发明的描述性环境报告。其涉及本发明,本发明是插入制冷压缩机中以及插入制冷制备过程(和/或空调设备、自动饮水器,等等)的一组可移动机构和可移动部件,其极大地提高了这些种类的装置的性能、减小了电消耗,以及实现了较快地冷却(即,实现低温度),还增加了这些种类的装置的使用寿命,降低了维护成本(对于制冷维修技术人员,公知的事实是:例如,制冷装置当它们被关掉持续很长时间时,会在压缩机的内部产生锈,通过使用本发明,本专利请求的主题,可以解决这个问题),其还使得制造这样一种压缩机成为可能,该压缩机噪音较小(因此,其运行更安静)、尺寸较小,重量较轻以及使用少量原材料,除此之外还有其他从使用本文介绍且描述的本发明得到的益处,这成为本专利请求的所有部分。
在成为本报告的组成部分的附图中,图1显示了通常用于制冷的压缩机的典型侧视图,其中数字5表示压缩机基部(或压缩机足部),数字6表示压缩机外壳,并且数字7表示压缩机盖。仍然在图1中,管的数字25、数字26、数字27表示制冷气体流管,其中数字25被称为“过程管”(或换句话说,在制冷气体被准备用于制冷时,制冷气体流入和流出的地方)。数字26为高压管焊接的管(也称为“排气管”),数字27表示吸气管(或气体回流管,从制冷器到压缩机,其中“每个新循环”开始)。数字8为在现有制冷技术中没有采用的管,但是我们发明了这个,并且这涉及本发明的专利权利要求中的一个。
在图1中,由数字8指示的管是压缩机的一部分(以及其他三个数字25、数字26以及数字27)。注意到,管8被安装在压缩机的下侧上,其中,管的下部几乎会接触储存器的油。
因此,数字3指示储存器的油位(当压缩机静止时),数字4指示该储存器。科学上,制冷气体具有低密度(比大气空气更低)。操作员必须为制冷器做准备,将被教授以实施使气体进入的不同过程。现在,在将气体放入系统之前,通过将真空泵连接到过程管(参见,关于图1的数字25),其仅是真空,且“大概地”或错误地,认为其是来自系统内部的(在压缩机和管内)移除的湿气和空气。我们的过程推荐(且要求)是开始于气体的安装。
在去除仍存在于内部系统中的(“所有的空气”)之前进行去污过程。因此,将气体压缩机放置在制冷器中和气缸中的操作(不管冷却气体或燃料气是在燃气缸体中、气体缸体中或零售时再卖的软饮料中),将通过在之前取出包含在容器(被认为是这样的容器:螺旋状物、缸体、封闭式压缩机、管道、制冷器,等等)内的所有空气中使用我们的技术而被实施。将气体放入制冷器中(空调和相关设备)的具体过程将基本上遵循以下连续的步骤:
1)具有之前的真空过程(以去除内部湿气)。
2)对于该管使用通常的过程(参见图1的25)在大约1/4或1/2的压力或正常工作压力下将少量气体放入系统中。用于这个步骤的气体可以和初始工作气体相同,或者可以是任何惰性气体(也称为稀有气体,例如,氩气、氙气、氪气,等等)。
3)等候大约半小时(即,离开“静止的系统”),比空气重的气体将沉淀在底部,油之上。
4)使用“清洁管”,参见8和2,去除系统内部深处的在一定压力下的气体,因为打开“清洁管”将在一压力下出来少量气体苏打和所有的大气空气,其在系统的下部中(因为大气空气重于制冷气体)。但是,清洁管的打开操作要快,或者是受控的,不允许压力降到0。即,有必要快速地关闭清洁管,使得在系统中有残留压力(但是很小)。否则,可能不会将空气返回到系统中。
5)密封(捏住且焊接)“清洁管”的输出口。
6)完成气体充注。
重要的是:在操作制冷剂之前,有必要去除存在于大气空气软管、压力计(歧管)等等中的所有。有趣地且不幸地是,这不是通常由制冷器的制造商和修理车间来完成的。
以上被描述成“清洁管”的术语是我们创造的术语(针对本专利的情况和需要)。因此,该“清洁管”是特殊的,在本领域现有水平的制冷压缩机中没有。因此,对于以上步骤的继续和调整以安排必须进入系统的气体的精确量,可以使用替代形式,例如:
a)测量由“清洁管”留在系统中的空气量的重量及体积,并且用要被引入的制冷剂的重量及体积来补充该重量和体积。
或者,
b)测量系统压力,通过在下侧高压上调节。
或者,
c)组合各种调节冷却系统内气体量的步骤。
用于高效冷却的新过程,有时描述的将气体放入密封的制冷系统中而没有任何的污染,适合用于所有类型的气体,例如:-A R134,R600等等。所以,可以得到对于较小混合性(即,较小的混合性)的更好结果是使用大气空气的制冷剂。为了免除对于使用我们的管去污的技术的需要,制冷器的制造商和/或修理店将试图使用不可取,不添加清洁管的设备,而只是在过程管(参见图1,管25,在现有技术水平下存在的压缩机)中产生可控输出的气体,这不是被鼓励的,因为:空气比气体冷却和/或稀有气体重,于是大气空气将不会离开,并且将仍然在容器的底部中。但是,本专利还要求了去除空气管过程的过程(允许空气流和“少量”气体冷却剂混合,在完成气体装载之前维持系统内的残留压力)。
在附图1中,清洁管,该部分将变得明显,由数字1和2指示,其中,1指示其中管接触压缩机的壁的点,并且2指示清洁管的主体。但是,管的总长度应该是接近压缩机的中心。沿着压缩机的内部垂直的壁,可以容纳制冷剂。图1所示的去污管,是水平的并且进入压缩机的下部横向的壁。但是,该去污管也能从压缩机的底部中心垂直地延伸,并且水平弯曲。
还应该注意,去污管是直的,不像由数字25、26、27指示且被弯曲的管或已存的。本专利要求直的管(而不是弯曲的,对于来自压缩机的所有管来说),这可以避免在焊接的实时操作中,焊接排出液体进入压缩机,或在管的内部(例如,在焊接氧炔中,我们使用具有材料助焊剂的清洁产品并且这种清洁产品在火或热焊接的作用下流动)。较清洁的氧炔焊接是对制冷气体的污染,所以应该在压缩机的内部环境中禁止(主要在制冷的工作车间中焊接,只是一点产品将一直留在内部,但是它们的质量应被减小到最低水平)。
在图2中,示出了另一种重要的结构,示出了在正常的压缩机上的一组零件,数字54是电马达的线圈(或绕组),数字55是定子,数字50是添加部件的块状物(或基部),数字51是活塞在其中工作的内衬(或缸体),注意该缸体在本发明中是双的(或对称的),由数字51(右侧)和62(左侧)给出。数字52和数字63指示用于压缩的阀板组件,数字53和65指示通过螺钉保持到各自缸体的盖子(或头部)。
仍然在图2中,数字57指示具有用作曲轴的偏心器的中轴,其移动活塞(两个对称的活塞由66指示(参见图3))。数字60指示轴承,另一轴承由数字58指示,其绕轴57旋转,两个轴承(一个在另一的上面),其中,其各自活塞中的每一个会移动,轴承中的每个连接到杆,通过穿过销紧固件,或者通过外部的夹具。数字61为杆,(两个,当然),其将活塞连接到轴承。数字56指示在块状物中的中空件,所以在压缩室中的压缩气体的压力在进入管道之前,移动通过中空件(其用作辅助的室压缩和解压,略微改善了制冷的过程)。每个活塞室(对称的)释放压缩的气体,以辅助它们各自的室(或中空件)。
数字59指示放置在两个轴承中间的硬塑料或金属制的薄垫圈(例如,厚度为0.1mm、0.2mm或0.3mm)。其功能是减轻机械力矩,机械力矩往往会产生对于轴承在轴上旋转的对抗力。
在图4中,(附图的第3页),添加了使气体通过的管。数字80为气体室的输出管,并且数字81是另一个相应部分。管81在压缩室外面且进入部件83,其中气体还离开另一室,因此两种气体离开管80,其中压缩气体离开压缩机并且返回到由图2中数字67和64指示的入口(或吸入口)。
图5为图4(在附图第3页上部)中所示的组件的俯视图。在附图第4页中显示了以上所描述的装置现在被密封在主体中,其部件数字符合较早给出的描述。图6示出了主体被开放地密封(即没有盖子,其被焊接到主体),安装在块状物(也被称为“基部”)的所有被支撑在四个弹簧上,装配在焊接到气密主体的内壁的支架中。这四个弹簧被安装以形成矩形,其顶部在支架中。图7示出了具有其密封盖的装置。数字85指示了两个在压力下的气体的管(由数字80和81表示,参见图6和附图第3页的图4)的连接,离开了压缩室。注意到,现在示出可选形式,不同的输出管81现在不会进入由数字83指示的部分(插头或“肺装置”),而是径直来到释放管(管86),因此,该替换形式,两个从其室中出来的管将在释放管中会合。本专利要求两种形式的输出压力管。
在图6中(附图第4页)没有示出在前文中描述的清洁管(参见图1中的1和2,分别为清洁管的基部和主体)。但是仅仅示出了压缩机如何成为现有技术水平的压缩机(具有其过程管88,释放管86和吸入管87)。图7示出了盖子的形状,具有两个“辅助件”以更好的匹配我们两个对称的压缩室的对称的系统/发明。
在附图第5页中,表示了重叠的两个轴承(在图3中,附图第2页,该轴承由数字60表示)的正视图(参见图8)和俯视图(参见图9)。这里为了好理解,呈现了安装在轴上的单独的轴承。注意,由数字95和96指示的孔,是由销装配到杆的选择(可选地,动力可以使用外部夹具),用作在相同水平线上的参照,即使轴承是重叠的(以便其具有在相同垂直高度上对齐和相同的水平对齐的两个对称活塞)。
数字97指示轴上的基部,其支撑轴承(这改善了耐久性,但是可以选择地被该基部分配)。
Claims (10)
1.用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在于铜管或钢管,即去污管或任何其他的合适的材料,所述去污管在最下部水平地连接到封闭式压缩机的侧壁,或垂直地连接到所述压缩机的中间后部,在端部水平地离开所述压缩机,用于去除残留的大气空气,且同时排气,以释放少量制冷气体,以便维持系统内被加压的气体,没有大气空气,以便过后再进行气体充注。
2.用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在于标准的过程,如在所附报告中描述的,当在制冷系统中,在没有任何去污管的普通压缩机中填充制冷气体时,所述制冷系统在之前去除了来自所述系统内部的任何已存的大气空气,打开过程管并且释放具有空气的气体,以便去除包含残留空气的气体,从而允许较纯的制冷气体不包括任何过多的污染空气,以便过后进行气体充注。
3.用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在于封闭式压缩机或半封闭式压缩机,该封闭式压缩机或半封闭式压缩机具有过程管、吸入管和释放管以及去污管,所述去污管从所述压缩机的外壳水平地、直地离开,没有任何的弯曲。
4.用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在于铸铁块状物或由其他材料制成的块状物,所述块状物包括缸体和两个单独的对称的活塞,所述块状物构成两个对称定位的压缩室,两个活塞通过在两个活塞之间的垂直轴旋转动作而水平地移动,所述活塞通过两个连接杆和两个独立的轴承外壳连接到旋转轴,所述两个独立的轴承外壳为一个在另一个之上,所述块状物包括所述活塞和电马达,所述块状物被悬浮在布局成矩形的四个弹簧上,以防止和/或减少该组件的将会传递到制冷设备的震动和颤抖。
5.用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在于一组重叠的轴承外壳,所述一组重叠的轴承外壳被连接到在相同水平线上排齐的各自的连接杆。
6.用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在由硬材料制成的光滑且薄的垫圈,所述垫圈被放置在两个独立的轴承外壳之间,所述轴承外壳被放置在马达轴上,所述两个独立的轴承外壳用于通过其各自的连接杆连接每个活塞。
7.用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在于两个铜管、钢管或由其他材料制成的管,所述管从其各自的气体压缩室出来,所述管中的一个管的端部使用集中两个流体流的“肺装置”连接到另一个管的开始处,所述另一个管将流体运送到离开所述压缩机的释放管。
8.用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在于两个铜管、钢管或由其他材料制成的管,所述管离开其各自的气体压缩室,各管的两端会聚以在所述流体释放管处会合,离开所述压缩机。
9.用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在于封闭式外壳,所述封闭式外壳包含两个对称的室,所述封闭式外壳的块状物具有四个矩形的或方形的弹簧,所述封闭式外壳的顶部盖被成形成像两个对称的“臀部”,所述封闭式外壳在内部容纳具有两个对称室的块状物。
10.用于提高压缩机和制冷器的效率的过程和装置,其特征在于两个活塞,所述两个活塞做往复运动,所述两个活塞与致动一致,所述活塞的中间一致于同一中线的运动,还与每个活塞的各自连接杆的中点的连线对齐。
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AT9232U1 (de) * | 2006-05-22 | 2007-06-15 | Acc Austria Gmbh | Kältemittelverdichter |
JP4187020B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-11-26 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 空気調和装置およびその洗浄方法 |
US8435013B2 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2013-05-07 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Reciprocating compressor and oxygen concentrator |
DE102007038443B4 (de) * | 2007-08-16 | 2010-02-11 | Danfoss Compressors Gmbh | Hermetisch gekapselte Kältemittelverdichtereinrichtung |
JP2009154376A (ja) | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-16 | Canon Inc | インクジェット記録ヘッド、およびインクジェット記録装置 |
US8245520B2 (en) * | 2008-08-12 | 2012-08-21 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for collecting a refrigerant |
US8800306B2 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2014-08-12 | Bosch Automotive Service Solutions Llc | Portable refrigerant recovery machine |
BRPI0903956A2 (pt) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-11-23 | Aurelio Mayorca | processo e equipamento para melhorar eficiência de compressores e refrigeradores |
US9528734B2 (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2016-12-27 | Bosch Automotive Service Solutions Inc. | Apparatus and method for identifying and operating air purge in safe mode and having a dip tube |
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2009
- 2009-01-09 BR BRPI0903956-2A patent/BRPI0903956A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2010
- 2010-01-08 CN CN201080010925.4A patent/CN102341661B/zh active Active
- 2010-01-08 US US13/143,869 patent/US20120023973A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-01-08 WO PCT/BR2010/000008 patent/WO2010078637A1/pt active Application Filing
-
2016
- 2016-06-06 US US15/174,573 patent/US10961995B2/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-03-30 US US17/217,921 patent/US20210215148A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112049769A (zh) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-08 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | 活塞压缩机和制冷设备 |
CN112177878A (zh) * | 2020-08-21 | 2021-01-05 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | 气路结构、压缩机及冰箱 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20120023973A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
WO2010078637A1 (pt) | 2010-07-15 |
CN102341661B (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
BRPI0903956A2 (pt) | 2010-11-23 |
US20160281701A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
US20210215148A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
US10961995B2 (en) | 2021-03-30 |
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