CN102337714B - Ecological environmental-friendly economical and durable pavement combination panel design and assembly technologies - Google Patents
Ecological environmental-friendly economical and durable pavement combination panel design and assembly technologies Download PDFInfo
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- CN102337714B CN102337714B CN201110175491XA CN201110175491A CN102337714B CN 102337714 B CN102337714 B CN 102337714B CN 201110175491X A CN201110175491X A CN 201110175491XA CN 201110175491 A CN201110175491 A CN 201110175491A CN 102337714 B CN102337714 B CN 102337714B
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Abstract
The invention relates to ecological environmental-friendly economical and durable pavement combination panel design and assembly technologies, belonging to the technical field of road traffic. The invention mainly solves the difficulty that a series of ecological problems are caused by lowered underground water level because rainwater can not be ensured to penetrate to underground under the condition of ensuring normal use after the traditional urban sidewalks and other pavements are hardened. In the invention, multiple groups of pavement combination panel forms and two assembly technologies are designed, so that various pavement forms can be assembled. A user can select corresponding pavement form according to local ecological environment conditions and the role of the pavement. All pavement forms can solve the difficult. All pavement forms have the advantages of ecological and environmental protection, convenient assembly, economy, stability, durability, recyclable material, convenient maintenance, environment beautification, comfortable walking feel and the like and have great economical and social benefits after popularization and broad prospect. The design and assembly technologies are mainly applied to the hardening treatment of all pavements for people to walk and not for vehicles to park or travel, such as sidewalks, squares, courtyards, parks, gardens, riversides and the like.
Description
One, technical field
Patent of the present invention mainly is applicable to the cure process on road surface, urban road sidewalk in the road traffic technical field, also is applicable to all cure process for the non-stopped vehicle road surface of people's walking such as square, garden, park, the riverside of visiting a park simultaneously.
Two, background technology
To optimal effect after the road surface cure process such as sidewalk be guarantee road surface, sclerosis back stablize durable, ecological, environmental protective, beautify the environment, walk comfortable, easy to maintenance; can guarantee good water permeability again; rainwater is in time penetrated underground additional underground water; preserve the ecological environment, low being convenient to of cost implements to promote simultaneously.But the situation of present stage is to do two-layer basic unit again after the soil compaction of employing is arranged, and the concrete prefabricated plate that directly lays cement above is though there is certain water permeability stability very poor, easily movable, the mud that dabbles above rainy descendant walks often keeps in repair impracticablely, and usefulness is few at present; At present usefulness more is that top one deck basic unit is changed into thick about 10 centimetres cement mortar, though stable much better, almost lost pervious function; Also have local plate to be changed into the suction brick, still can not penetrate rainwater undergroundly, also the someone proposes use permeable concrete, but cost is generally concrete about seven times, can't promote.
Continuous propelling along with urbanization, the road surface such as sidewalk, square, garden, park, the riverside of visiting a park that accounts for urban road area about 1/3rd needs cure process, if do not solve the water permeability problem, only depend on the additional underground water of afforestation of city location limited rainwater thoroughly down, decline with aggravation urban groundwater position further causes land subsidence, and green plants is not drought-enduring, urban ecology problems such as air drying are badly in need of a kind of new technology and method and are solved the problems referred to above.
Three, the content of patent of invention
Patent of the present invention has well solved the problems referred to above, the road surface had both been stablized durable after guaranteeing sclerosis, material can reuse, easy to maintenance, economical and practical, it is comfortable to beautify the environment and walk etc., can guarantee good water permeability again, rainwater is in time penetrated underground additional underground water, phreatic decline and surface subsidence have been slowed down, the humidity regulation of the raising of groundwater table and basic unit material humidity and the temperature of air, strengthened the drought-resistance ability of green plants, reduced road ponding, alleviated the pressure of drainage pipe, water under basic unit's no binding material of material does not pollute, improved urban ecological environment, improved resident's quality of life, ecological, environmental protective, low being convenient to of cost easy to assembly implements to promote simultaneously.
The patent ecological, environmental protective economy combined plate of anti-road surface of the present invention design comprises the road surface combined plate that the different shape that can combine and various materials processing form, have any different slightly with shape and function and to divide into groups, can assemble a kind of road surface separately for every group, also can several groups be assembled into a kind of road surface together.Every group of road surface combined plate is different from the feature of existing road surface combined plate and is respectively in the patent: 1, the road surface combined plate can be the plate bottom design have shank branch, the design of plate periphery that tooth-like part of anything is arranged (the intermediate plate periphery has tooth, limit portion plate has tooth in anodontia all the other limits on one side, and there is tooth on anodontia all the other limits, plate both sides, bight) and plate on design permeable hole arranged; 2, the road surface combined plate also can be that the design of plate bottom surface has shank to divide and the design of plate periphery has tooth-like part of anything (the intermediate plate periphery has tooth, and limit portion plate has tooth in anodontia all the other limits on one side, and there is tooth on anodontia all the other limits, plate both sides, bight); 3, the road surface combined plate also can be the plate bottom design have shank to divide and plate on design permeable hole is arranged; 4, the road surface combined plate also can be that design has to design on tooth-like part of anything (the intermediate plate periphery has tooth, and limit portion plate has tooth in anodontia all the other limits on one side, and there is tooth on anodontia all the other limits, plate both sides, bight) and the plate permeable hole is arranged around the plate; 5, the road surface combined plate also can be that the plate bottom design has the shank branch; 6, the road surface combined plate also can be that the design of plate periphery has tooth-like part of anything (the intermediate plate periphery has tooth, and limit portion plate has tooth in anodontia all the other limits on one side, and there is tooth on anodontia all the other limits, plate both sides, bight); 7, the road surface combined plate also can be that design has permeable hole on the plate; 8, above-mentioned road surface combined plate also can increase design on the basis of existing feature respectively and be characterized as the plate joint face, plate lower surface and shank surface three parts have all designed matsurface, or also can be characterized as the plate joint face in the basis increase design that has feature respectively, plate lower surface and shank surface three parts wherein designing two portions have matsurface, or also can be characterized as the plate joint face in the basis increase design that has feature respectively, plate lower surface and shank surface three parts wherein part design have matsurface, or also can be designed as the plate joint face, plate lower surface and shank surface three parts do not design matsurface; The shape of 9 teeth also can be designed as square or cuboid, also can be designed as rib body (trapezoid cross section) or cone (triangular-section) as required, but notices that the big or small limit of the tooth that mutual meshing limit is mutually meshing could assemble on the contrary.
Be that square (also can be designed to equilateral triangle as required with purposes the most representative the widest plate end face shape (not considering tooth portion shape), polygon, the different shape that the combination of several shapes etc. can be assembled) is example, design and the effect of the characteristic of road pavement combined plate are discussed below: this group road surface combined plate is formed (seeing stereogram 6 and Figure 12) by two kinds of plates, first, the design of tooth portion and effect, there is tooth on plate four limits, middle part, limit portion plate three limits have tooth anodontia on one side, plate both sides, bight have the tooth both sides anodontia, tooth be shaped as cuboid, also can be designed as square or rib body (cross section is trapezoidal) or cone (section triangle) as required, but note to assemble on the contrary the big or small limit of the mutually meshing tooth in rib body or the mutual meshing limit of cone.Act as the combination strengthened between the plate and support, increase seam length, be conducive to infiltration.The second, design and the effect of shank branch, the plate bottom design has four legs (also can be designed as three legs etc. according to the end face shape), and effect is plate to be implanted basic unit add stiff stability.Three, design and the effect of matsurface part, the bottom becomes convex-concave to differ 4 millimeter (size according to circumstances can the increase and decrease) matsurface that irregular degree of roughness is bigger with the shank surface design, plate girth seam surface design becomes convex-concave to differ a little bit smaller matsurface of 2.5 millimeter (size according to circumstances can increase and decrease) irregular degree of roughness, the convex portion of matsurface can not surpass plate design maximum size, effect also be increase between the plate, plate and and basic unit between friction to strengthen stability, also can not design matsurface.Four, design and the effect of permeable hole part, can be according to the permeable hole of default 6 to 9 diameters 10 millimeters (quantity and size according to circumstances can increase and decrease) of local rainwater situation on the plate, fill out dank material such as middle fine sand etc. in the hole, also can not design permeable hole, effect is at the bigger increasing infiltration ability (not designing permeable hole in this example) that needs of certain areas unit interval rainfall.Five, the design of pattern part and effect, according to local conditions and customs, utilize method such as mature technology press mold coagulation local method, 20 millimeters to 40 millimeters (size according to circumstances can increase and decrease to design 6 millimeters intervals of dark 4 mm wides of various convex-concaves at the plate end face before making plate, but consider must consider antiskid the time attractive in appearance) pattern and color, road surface, assembling back presents versicolor graceful pattern, and effect is to beautify the environment and increase anti-slide performance.Material mainly is the portland cement concrete prefabrication, also can be the plate that various building stones plates after the processing or burned product plate or other various materials processings form, and concrete size sees that accompanying drawing 1 is to accompanying drawing 12 (size dimension can increase and decrease according to actual conditions).
Patent package technique I of the present invention is: at first put soil matrix in order, it is 3 meters to 5 meters with width, length is 5 meters to 8 meters division unit lattice, (kerb is the portland cement concrete prefabrication at the embedding kerb of cell limit portion, be of a size of long 49 centimetres, wide 8 centimetres and high 36 centimetres), if there is green plants to adopt kerb to reinforce green plants non-sclerous periphery on every side in the road surface, following 12 centimeters of soil matrix are imbedded in the kerb bottom surface, plate end face after top and the assembling is flat, if and structure bodies of wall such as slow lane kerb or building then, when width is no more than 5 meters, can utilize slow lane kerb and structure body of wall to replace cell limit portion kerb, add kerb in the middle of when width surpasses 5 meters, effect is that the road surface is divided into several unit, reinforces periphery by kerb, has increased local and whole stability, and cell damages and do not influence other cell, control damage amount and be convenient to maintenance; Secondly compacting back, soil matrix upper berth 15 cm thick graded broken stones go to a grassroots level (also can be the pollution-free dank material of other no binding material), repave above that to be slightly smaller than the last basic unit of (can replace medium coarse sand with the middle coarse fodder with similarity) of compacting back 5.5 cm thick medium coarse sands under the full water state (the most closely knit during water though satisfy, but can cause that soil matrix excessively soaks), be that rainwater under saturating plate permeates the ground fast with the effect of the pollution-free basic unit of this no binding material, can temporarily being stored in the basic unit of in time not infiltrating, and be convenient to install plate, stablize plate, basic unit's material and plate can reuse during maintenance, there is not waste material during maintenance, maintenance cost is low, basic unit's material does not pollute infiltration, and moisture adjusting air humidity and temperature are expected by basic unit, strengthens the green plants drought-resistant ability, ecological, environmental protective, the flexibility of medium coarse sand basic unit make walking comfortable; With the wet trade method shank below the plate is implanted in basic unit's medium coarse sand at last, and and peripheral plate meshing closely, effect is to be convenient to plate implant the closely knit and plate of back basic unit and be easy to implant; Plate indented joint place and permeable hole are filled fine sand, and effect is favourable permeable (above-mentioned size can according to circumstances increase and decrease).
Patent package technique II of the present invention is: at first put soil matrix in order, (kerb is the portland cement concrete prefabrication to adopt kerb, be of a size of long 49 centimetres, wide 8 centimetres and high 36 centimetres) reinforce assembling road surface periphery, if there is green plants to adopt kerb to reinforce green plants non-sclerous periphery on every side in the road surface, following 12 centimeters of soil matrix are imbedded in the kerb bottom surface, plate end face after top and the assembling is flat, if when following with structure bodies of wall such as slow lane kerb or buildings, can utilize slow lane kerb and structure body of wall to replace limit portion kerb, effect is to reinforce periphery by kerb, has increased whole stability; Secondly compacting back, soil matrix upper berth 15 cm thick graded broken stones go to a grassroots level (also can be the pollution-free dank material of other no binding material), repave above that to be slightly smaller than the last basic unit of (can replace medium coarse sand with the middle coarse fodder with similarity) of compacting back 5.5 cm thick medium coarse sands under the full water state (the most closely knit during water though satisfy, but can cause that soil matrix excessively soaks), be that rainwater under saturating plate permeates the ground fast with the effect of the pollution-free basic unit of this no binding material, can temporarily being stored in the basic unit of in time not infiltrating, and be convenient to install plate, stablize plate, basic unit's material and plate can reuse when being convenient to keep in repair, there is not waste material during maintenance, maintenance cost is low, basic unit's material does not pollute infiltration, and moisture adjusting air humidity and temperature are expected by basic unit, strengthens the green plants drought-resistant ability, ecological, environmental protective, the flexibility of medium coarse sand basic unit make walking comfortable; With the wet trade method shank below the plate is implanted in basic unit's medium coarse sand at last, and and peripheral plate meshing closely, effect is to be convenient to plate implant the closely knit and plate of back basic unit and be easy to implant; Plate indented joint place and permeable hole are filled fine sand, and effect is favourable permeable (above-mentioned size can according to circumstances increase and decrease).
One group of road surface combined plate or several groups of road surface combined plate collocation can be assembled into the slightly different multiple road surface form of function with package technique I or package technique II combination respectively, every kind of road surface form all has pervious function (existing road surface can guarantee almost do not have pervious function under the situation of normally use), and have ecological, environmental protective, easy to assembly, economic stability is durable, material can reuse, easy to maintenance, the advantage such as comfortable of beautifying the environment and walk.The user can select corresponding road surface form according to the effect that local ecological environment situation and road surface will be brought into play.As: more to the pedestrian, underground water needs rainwater to replenish but rain can adopt combined plate band bottom bands of trouser legs tooth and three parts to have the plate of matsurface and package technique I better in conjunction with the road surface of assembling in the road surface, sidewalk in slow area.More to the pedestrian, underground water needs rainwater to replenish and rain can adopt combined plate band bottom bands of trouser legs cingulum permeable hole and three ones to have the plate of matsurface and package technique I better in conjunction with the road surface of assembling in the road surface, sidewalk in anxious area.Medium to the pedestrian, underground water needs rainwater to replenish but rain can adopt combined plate band leg and three parts the plate of matsurface and package technique II to be arranged in conjunction with the road surface of assembling in the road surface in place such as park in slow area.The pedestrian is less, and underground water needs rainwater to replenish but the road surface of waiting the place of visiting a park in the slow area of rain can adopt the toothed plate of combined plate and package technique II just passable in conjunction with the road surface of assembling.In addition, one group of road surface combined plate or several groups of road surface combined plate collocation also can be assembled into various road surfaces form with other basic unit's combination respectively, other combined plate also can be respectively with package technique I or package technique II in conjunction with being assembled into various road surfaces form, but be far from using the surface feature of combined plate among the present invention and package technique combination good.
Patent of the present invention is promoted the back obvious technical effects.First has solved the waterproof problem of hard surface that accounts for urban road about 1/3rd, has replenished underground water, has slowed down phreatic decline and surface subsidence.The humidity regulation of the raising of groundwater table and basic unit material humidity and the temperature of air, strengthened the drought-resistance ability of green plants, reduced road ponding, alleviated the pressure of drainage pipe, improved urban ecological environment, improved resident's quality of life.Second, implant matsurface, the kerb subdivision lattice on basic unit, plate girth seam rough surface face, lower surface and shank surface by meshing, plate shank between the plate, part and the resistance to overturning of hard surface have been strengthened, under the situation that guarantees every function, increase application life and comfortableness greatly.The 3rd, utilize the flexible combination of plate, kerb and basic unit, without binding material, be that unit integral body is local with the cell, be independent of each other, guaranteed the convenience when keep in repair on various pipelines under easy construction and the maintenance sidewalk (during the urban road design generally various pipe design under the sidewalk) and road surface self.The 4th, basic unit does not have the rainwater of binding material under not polluting, and plate, kerb and basic unit's material can fill recycling during maintenance, reduce overlapping investment, no waste material, economic environmental protection is lower than the present concrete prefabricated plate of cement mortar stabilizing cement that generally adopts fluid-tight method for curing again through the measuring and calculating cost.
All combination road surface forms of patent of the present invention can be used flexibly at the diverse location of different regions as required, all have after the popularization ecological, environmental protective, easy to assembly, economic stability is durable, material can reuse, easy to maintenance, the advantage such as comfortable of beautifying the environment and walk, and will produce great economic benefit and social benefit (it is just very big only to improve social benefit of urban ecological environment).
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing only is the two kind plate accompanying drawings of band bottom bands of trouser legs cingulum matsurface end face for one group of combined plate of square (not considering tooth portion shape).It is similar that the combined plate of other shape is different from characteristic figure and this accompanying drawing of having combined plate now, no longer illustrates.
The figure paper size is centimetre to be unit, and ratio is 1: 5.
The end face pattern can be selected design and color according to local conditions and customs for signal.
The matsurface on plate girth seam surface, basal surface and shank surface is signal.
Fig. 1 is the top plane view of the middle part combined plate of every limit three teeth.
The top plane view of the limit portion combined plate that Fig. 2 is three limits, three teeth, one side is anodontia.
The top plane view of the corner combinations plate that Fig. 3 is both sides three teeth, both sides are anodontia.
Fig. 4 is the ground plan (the plate ground plan of bight and limit portion and this figure are similar, no longer illustrate) of the middle part combined plate of every limit three teeth.
Fig. 5 is the side view (the plate side view of bight and limit portion and this figure are similar, no longer illustrate) of the middle part combined plate of every limit three teeth.
Fig. 6 is the stereogram (the plate stereogram of bight and limit portion and this figure are similar, no longer illustrate) of the middle part combined plate of every limit three teeth.
Fig. 7 is the top plane view of the middle part combined plate of every limit two teeth.
The top plane view of the limit portion combined plate that Fig. 8 is three limits, two teeth, one side is anodontia.
The top plane view of the corner combinations plate that Fig. 9 is both sides two teeth, both sides are anodontia.
The ground plan of the middle part combined plate of the every limit of Figure 10 two teeth (the plate ground plan of bight and limit portion and this figure are similar, no longer illustrate).
Figure 11 is the side view (the plate side view of bight and limit portion and this figure are similar, no longer illustrate) of the middle part combined plate of every limit two teeth.
Figure 12 is the stereogram (the plate stereogram of bight and limit portion and this figure are similar, no longer illustrate) of the middle part combined plate of every limit two teeth.
Five, specific implementation method
Patent working method of the present invention is simple, and those of ordinary skill in the art just can implement.More with the pedestrian, underground water need rainwater to replenish and rain can to adopt combined plate band bottom bands of trouser legs cingulum permeable hole and three parts that the plate of matsurface and package technique I are arranged be example in conjunction with the road surface form of assembling on the road surface, sidewalk in anxious area, the first, at first in conjunction with local conditions and customs plate and kerb end face are carried out pattern and colour planning, guarantee that road surface, assembling back presents versicolor graceful pattern, molding is prefabricated then, can adopt mechanization to produce by batch.Second, the finishing soil matrix, suitably compacting, it is 3 meters to 5 meters by width, length is that 5 meters to 8 meters division unit lattice (grasp flexibly according to actual landform by length and width, preferably get 50 centimetres multiple convenient construction), around cell, bury kerb, if there is green plants to adopt kerb to reinforce green plants non-sclerous periphery on every side in the road surface, soil matrix 12 centimeters are imbedded in the kerb bottom surface, guarantee that kerb is firm, and soil matrix is closely knit substantially, if and the body of wall of structure such as slow lane kerb or building then, when width is no more than 5 meters, can utilize the body of wall of slow lane kerb and structure to replace cell limit portion kerb, the middle kerb that adds when width surpasses 5 meters.Three, 15 centimetres of graded broken stones of making and compacting, spread 5.5 cm thick medium coarse sands thereon and (though the easiest compacting during full water of compacting under being slightly smaller than full water state, but can cause that soil matrix excessively soaks), guarantee that medium coarse sand fully clogs graded broken stone space (actual sand using amount will greater than the sand using amount of the 5.5 centimetres of thickness in shop), guarantee the closely knit of graded broken stone and medium coarse sand.And then implant plate with the wet trade method, the wet trade method is exactly to be slightly smaller than under the full water state at medium coarse sand, dig up the part medium coarse sand that to implant under the plate shank and (be slightly smaller than the amount of shank volume, so that squeezes between shank and the basic unit is more closely knit), put into plate, rap plate with wooden mallet, up to shank implant in the medium coarse sand and and peripheral plate meshing tight, guarantee between the plate, the tight linking between plate and the kerb, guarantee that the plate shank firmly takes root in medium coarse sand.The plate of completing spread fine sand and with broom about sweep, guarantee that fine sand fills up seam and permeable hole.Only carry out the per pass operation in force, ensure the quality of products, just can make the road surface after the sclerosis give full play to the various functions that patent of the present invention has.Construction is finished in the site clearing.
The specific implementation method of other various assemblings road surface form and the specific implementation method on above-mentioned assembling road surface is similar and simple can be consulted and carried out.
Claims (2)
1. ecological, environmental protective economy and durability road surface combined plate designs and package technique I, comprise soil matrix, basic unit, the combination of kerb and plate, it is characterized in that described plate bottom design has the shank branch, the design of intermediate plate periphery has tooth-like part of anything, the plate three limits design of limit portion has tooth-like part of anything not have tooth-like part of anything on one side, the design of plate both sides, bight has the tooth-like part of anything both sides not have tooth-like part of anything, the vertical cross-section of the parallel edges of boards of tooth-like part of anything is square or triangle or trapezoidal, the plate design has circular permeable hole, matsurface has all been designed on plate girth seam panel block lower surface and shank surface, and the plate surface design has convex-concave pattern and color; The cell periphery that adopts kerb to reinforce during the assembling of described road surface combined plate to divide and adopt kerb to reinforce in the road surface non-sclerous periphery around the green plants, go to a grassroots level and adopt pollution-free no binding material dank material, last basic unit adopts the material of medium coarse sand character, when it is slightly smaller than full water state, tamp, assemble described plate with the wet trade method.
2. ecological, environmental protective economy and durability road surface combined plate designs and package technique II, comprise soil matrix, basic unit, the combination of kerb and plate, it is characterized in that described plate bottom design has the shank branch, the design of intermediate plate periphery has tooth-like part of anything, the plate three limits design of limit portion has tooth-like part of anything not have tooth-like part of anything on one side, the design of plate both sides, bight has the tooth-like part of anything both sides not have tooth-like part of anything, the vertical cross-section of the parallel edges of boards of tooth-like part of anything is square or triangle or trapezoidal, the plate design has circular permeable hole, matsurface has all been designed on plate girth seam panel block lower surface and shank surface, and the plate surface design has convex-concave pattern and color; Adopt kerb to reinforce the road surface periphery of assembling during the assembling of described road surface combined plate and adopt kerb to reinforce in the road surface non-sclerous periphery around the green plants, go to a grassroots level and adopt pollution-free no binding material dank material, last basic unit adopts the material of medium coarse sand character, when it is slightly smaller than full water state, tamp, assemble described plate with the wet trade method.
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| CN201110175491XA CN102337714B (en) | 2011-06-18 | 2011-06-18 | Ecological environmental-friendly economical and durable pavement combination panel design and assembly technologies |
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| CN201110175491XA CN102337714B (en) | 2011-06-18 | 2011-06-18 | Ecological environmental-friendly economical and durable pavement combination panel design and assembly technologies |
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| CN102337714A CN102337714A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| CN102337714B true CN102337714B (en) | 2013-08-28 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105507104A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-04-20 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Novel water-permeable sidewalk pavement |
| CN106638205A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-05-10 | 苏州大学 | Water drainage floor tile and laying method thereof |
| CN106676990A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-17 | 中泰国际高新技术有限公司 | Skeleton assembling type prefabricated road foundation mould |
| CN106894306A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中泰国际高新技术有限公司 | The chain prefabricated road foundation of socket joint |
| CN106894307A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中泰国际高新技术有限公司 | The chain prefabricated road foundation mould of socket joint |
| CN106827190A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-13 | 中泰国际高新技术有限公司 | The prefabricated road foundation mould of self-locking |
| CN106676989A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-17 | 中泰国际高新技术有限公司 | Self-locking assembled type prefabricated roadbed |
| CN108252171A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽瀚景观规划设计院有限公司 | A kind of road environmental protection brick |
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| CN201762640U (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-03-16 | 何农生 | Paving brick |
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| DE4143228A1 (en) * | 1991-12-31 | 1993-07-01 | Norbert Funke | Support frame for turf paths filled with earth and planted with grass - comprises plastics grating with saw tooth edges and hooks and slots for attachment of further panels |
| JP2000080626A (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2000-03-21 | Makkusuton Kk | Execution surface underlay block |
| CN2493646Y (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-05-29 | 刘鹰 | Grass planted brick |
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| CN102337714A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
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