CN102334458A - Method for preventing diseases of shrimps and crabs by utilizing oil-tea camellia cake lixivium and gallnut lixivium - Google Patents
Method for preventing diseases of shrimps and crabs by utilizing oil-tea camellia cake lixivium and gallnut lixivium Download PDFInfo
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- CN102334458A CN102334458A CN2011102346871A CN201110234687A CN102334458A CN 102334458 A CN102334458 A CN 102334458A CN 2011102346871 A CN2011102346871 A CN 2011102346871A CN 201110234687 A CN201110234687 A CN 201110234687A CN 102334458 A CN102334458 A CN 102334458A
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- leachate
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- camellia oleifera
- gall nut
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preventing diseases of shrimps and crabs by utilizing an oil-tea camellia cake lixivium and a gallnut lixivium. The method includes the following operation steps: (1) oil-tea camellia cakes and gallnuts are respectively coarsely ground, sieved and respectively soaked in water, and thereby the oil-tea camellia cake lixivium and the gallnut lixivium are respectively obtained; (2) in a fine day, the oil-tea camellia cake lixivium is first added with water and uniformly sprayed into a shrimp or crab pond, the concentration of the used oil-tea camellia cake lixivium is 50mg/L to 80mg/L, the gallnut lixivium is added with water and uniformly sprayed into the shrimp or crab pond after 48 hours, and the concentration of the used gallnut lixivium is 2.0mg/L to 3.5mg/L. The oil-tea camellia cake lixivium and the gallnut lixivium which are applied by the method first kill wild fishes which sneak into the shrimp or crab pond to scramble for bait and eat larvae, and also have the effect of safely and effectively preventing a variety of diseases of the shrimps and crabs at the same time; and compared with chemical drugs, antibacterial drugs and the like, the method has the advantages of naturalness, multifunctionality, no toxic residue, no drug resistance, bidirectional regulation, immunity and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pure natural disinfectant technical field, be specifically related to prevent and treat shrimp crab disease and remove the method that the shrimp crab is cultured the wild small fish in pond.
Background technology
In freshwater shrimps and crabs breeding production process, chemosterilants such as bleaching powder commonly used, strong chlorine oil, chlorine dioxide are to culturing the pond diseases prevention that carries out disinfection, but its effect all has certain limitation.The Xiang Chishui chemosterilant of splashing can be broken pond water tiny organism structure of community, influences interbiotic balanced relation, and the prawn crab has a negative impact directly or indirectly; The catabolite of some chemosterilant in the disinfective action process has the mutagenesis carcinogenic effect, and prawn crab and health produce serious harm.Utilize the Tea Saponin control shrimp crab disease cost that extracts high.
Freshwater shrimp and river crab are the crustaceans of freshwater aquiculture, and breed scale and benefit rank among the best in freshwater aquiculture is produced.Be difficult to solve but in the breeding process of shrimp crab, the freshwater shrimp pond often sneaks into wild fishes contention bait, kill and devour problem such as the young; River crab Yi Huan ?bacteriosis such as sick, the mashed acropathy of gill disease, crust canker, enteritis, comprise having a strong impact on diseases such as set class infusorian the culture efficiency of river crab, and be difficult to find the control medicine of effective and safe.
Cake of camellia oleifera seeds contains Tea Saponin 10-15%, and oil tea saponin has haemocylolysis, ichthyotoxin effect, molluscicide effect, antibiotic desinsection and pharmacological function, therefore, need research and development control shrimp crab to culture during disease with remove the method that the shrimp crab is cultured the wild small fish in pond.
Gall nut is goitre cotten aphid section five joint root aphid subfamilies, and some aphid colonizes in the one type of insect gall that forms on the compound leaf of several kinds of trees of Anacardiaceae Rhus.Gall nut mainly contains gallotannic acid (being tannic acid 50%～80%), gallic acid (2%～5%), fat, resin and wax etc.The tannin that gall nut contains can combine with protein, nucleic acid, polysaccharose and the alkaloid of organism precipitation takes place, and influences the nutrition and metabolism of bacterium, thereby has significant antibacterial action.Test is proof also, and gall nut entry fungistatic effect is remarkable, and algae is had no adverse effects.
Summary of the invention
For solve control shrimp crab culture during disease with remove the shrimp crab and culture the wild small fish in pond, the present invention provide a kind of technology simple, need not the method for preventing and treating that the low cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate of high-grade facilities and equipment, cost and gall nut leachate are used for shrimp crab disease.
The technical solution that realizes above-mentioned purpose is following:
The method of preventing and treating that cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate and gall nut leachate are used for shrimp crab disease may further comprise the steps:
1.1, with the coarse crushing respectively of cake of camellia oleifera seeds and gall nut, sieve, obtain granular cake of camellia oleifera seeds of flour and the granular gall nut of flour;
1.2, according to every cubic metre of cake of camellia oleifera seeds 65g and granular gall nut 3g of flour that water body volume weighing flour is granular, place container respectively;
1.3, in two containers, add 50 times limpid water respectively, under 20 ℃～35 ℃ conditions of temperature, soak 24 h, obtain cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate and gall nut leachate respectively;
1.4, select fine morning during 9-10; At first the cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate being converted water evenly sprays to shrimp crab pond; The working concentration of cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate is 50mg/L～80mg/L; Through 48 h, again the gall nut leachate to be converted water and evenly spray to shrimp crab pond, gall nut leachate working concentration is 2.0mg/L～3.5mg/L.
Described sieving is mistake >=20 purposes sieve.
The working concentration of said cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate is 65mg/L, and the working concentration of gall nut leachate is 3.0mg/L.
Useful technique effect of the present invention embodies in the following areas:
(1) cake of camellia oleifera seeds has desinsection, sterilization, the effect of wild fishes class extremely; Gall nut has functions such as antibacterial; The inventive method Combination application cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate and gall nut leachate; At first kill and sneak into shrimp crab pond contention bait, kill and devour wild fishes classes such as the young, possess the effect of safe and effective control shrimp crab multiple diseases simultaneously; Improved the single result of use of cake of camellia oleifera seeds and gall nut;
(2) use cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate and gall nut leachate control shrimp crab disease; Compare with use chemicals, antibacterials etc.; This combination leachate has advantages such as natural sex, multifunctionality, nontoxic secondary residual, no pesticide resistance, bidirectional modulation property and immunity, and its poisoning wild fishes and Pesticidal and sterilizing are effective;
(3) adopt cake of camellia oleifera seeds and gall nut combination leachate to prevent and treat shrimp crab disease, the production technology application is extensive, and is simple to operate, safe in utilization, cost is lower, popularizes easily.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done to describe further.
Embodiment 1
In culture shrimp crab pond, use the present invention and compare, its diseases prevention, anti-harmful animal and culture efficiency thereof with conventional method.
Two mouthfuls of adjacent cultivating pools (numbering 1#, 2#) area is 2000 m
2(3 mu), the dark 1.0-1.5 m in pond; In early Febuary, 2010, two ponds all put into 1500 of crab kinds (200 of specifications/1000g), late July in the same year put at twice freshwater shrimp seedling 13.5kg (specification 3000-5000 only/kg), throw in spiral shell 600 kg, pasture and water coverage rate about 60%.Two cultivating pool feeding and management methods are basic identical, the river crab special feed of feeding by the end of May of first arrival in March then, throw something and feed June to October new iced trash fish or frozen fish.
(on May 27th, 2010) use the present invention for the first time kills wild fishes and the operating process of control shrimp crab disease:
(1) measure 1# crab pond mean depth of water 0.9m, the water body volume is 1800m
3
(2) difference coarse crushing cake of camellia oleifera seeds, gall nut, (>=20 order) sieves respectively; The granular gall nut 5.4kg of granular cake of camellia oleifera seeds 117 kg, the flour of flour is subsequent use.
(3) 28 morning of May 8:00～9:00, the cake of camellia oleifera seeds that the 117kg flour is granular is poured cement pit (specification: 5.0m * 2.0m * 1.0m), inject underground water (well water) 5850kg then into; Again that the 5.4kg flour is granular gall nut places the plastic square bucket, and (specification: 90cm * 70cm * 60cm) injects underground water (well water) 270kg, and water temperature was 21 ℃～23 ℃ at that time, stirs once at a distance from 12 h comprehensively, continues immersion 24h; Obtain cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate and gall nut leachate respectively.
(4) 29 morning of May 8:00～9:00, cloudy weather is at first converted water with the cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate, the working concentration of cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate is 65mg/L, evenly splashes with the full pond of water ladle; 8:30～9:00 converted water with the gall nut leachate again and evenly was sprayed into the pond 30 morning of May, and gall nut leachate working concentration is 3mg/L.
(on July 29th, 2010) use the present invention for the second time kills wild fishes and the operating process of control shrimp crab disease:
(1) measure 1# crab pond mean depth of water 1.3m, the water body volume is 2600m
3
(2) difference coarse crushing cake of camellia oleifera seeds, gall nut, (>=20 order) sieves respectively; The granular gall nut 7.8kg of granular cake of camellia oleifera seeds 169 kg, the flour of flour is subsequent use.
29, (3) 2010 morning of on July 8:00～9:00, the cake of camellia oleifera seeds that the 169kg flour is granular is poured cement pit (specification: 5.0m * 2.0m * 1.0m), inject underground water (well water) 8450kg then into; Again that the 7.8kg flour is granular gall nut is put the plastic square bucket, and (water temperature was 30 ℃～31 ℃ at that time for specification: 90cm * 70cm * 60cm), water filling underground water (well water) 390kg, stirred once at a distance from 12 h comprehensively, continued to soak 24h; Obtain cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate and gall nut leachate respectively.
(4) 30 morning of July 8:00～9:00, cloudy weather is at first converted water with the cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate, the working concentration of cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate is 65mg/L, evenly splashes with the full pond of water ladle; 8:30～9:00 converted water with the gall nut leachate again and evenly was sprayed into the pond 31 morning of July, and gall nut leachate working concentration is 3mg/L.
2# supports the crab pond according to conventional disease-preventing method: used chlorine dioxide, biologic product then, throw something and feed three blooms and antibiotic Western medicine etc.
Culture the result current year: disease does not all take place in 1# crab pond shrimp crab.Crab 156 kg (average specification: 152g/ only), freshwater shrimp 66kg are fished in the dried pool; The crab pool does not almost have wild trash fish; 16110 yuan of incomes from sales (wherein: 12480 yuan of commodity crabs, 3630 yuan of freshwater shrimps); 4900 yuan of totle drilling costs (wherein: crab kind, shrimp seedling, throw 800 yuan of 1155 yuan of expenses such as spiral shell, 2945 yuan of feed costs, cake of camellia oleifera seeds and gall nut expenses), 11210 yuan of gross profits, 3736.7 yuan of gross profits per mu.2# crab pond 5, July mashed acropathy appears respectively and the ?gill sick, controlled through treatment.Crab 105 kg (average specification: 149 g/ only) are fished on the dried pool; Freshwater shrimp 72 kg, wild trash fish 4.6 kg in crab pond, (wherein commodity crab 7350 to take in 11333 yuan; 3960 yuan of freshwater shrimps, 23.0 yuan of wild trash fishes); 4883 yuan of totle drilling costs (wherein: 1155 yuan of expenses, 2278 yuan of feed costs, 1450 yuan of disease control expensess for medicine such as crab kind, shrimp seedling, throwing spiral shell), 6450 yuan of gross profits, 2150 yuan of gross profits per mu.
Compare, 1# crab pond has a net increase of 4760 yuan of gross profits than the pool cultivated benefit of 2# crab, 1586.7 yuan of increase gross profits per mu; Wherein save 650 yuan of medicine expenses.
Embodiment 2
The riverine emphasis in Anhui is supported the raiser crab pool area 4002m of the villager's group in crab district
2(6 mu); It is sick that April in 2011, crab was taken place in cultivated crabs shrimp on the 21st pond, and 15～30 (specifications: 95-110g), going to field investigation to understand on the basis of incidence of dead river crab every day; In conjunction with laboratory diagnosis, preliminary judgement be Xi Jun Xing ?the gill and a tired branch parasitosis.This disease uses method of the present invention to treat, depth of water 1m at that time, i.e. weighing 280.14 kg cake of camellia oleifera seeds and 12.8 kg gall nut; Pulverize respectively, cross 20 mesh sieves, obtain granular cake of camellia oleifera seeds of flour and the granular gall nut of flour; In about the morning on April 23rd, 2,011 8 halfs, place two containers respectively, in two containers, add 50 times limpid water respectively; Under 20 ℃～22 ℃ conditions of temperature; Soak 12h and stir once, continue to be dipped to 24 h, obtain cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate and gall nut leachate respectively.9 o'clock of the morning on April 24th, 2011; At first the cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate is converted water and evenly spray to shrimp crab pond, the working concentration of cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate is 70mg/L, through 48 h; Again the gall nut leachate is converted water and evenly spray to shrimp crab pond, gall nut leachate working concentration is 3.2mg/L; To April 29, the state of an illness was effectively controlled.
Claims (3)
1. cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate and gall nut leachate are used for the method for preventing and treating of shrimp crab disease, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1.1, with the coarse crushing respectively of cake of camellia oleifera seeds and gall nut, sieve, obtain granular cake of camellia oleifera seeds of flour and the granular gall nut of flour;
1.2, according to every cubic metre of cake of camellia oleifera seeds 65g and granular gall nut 3g of flour that water body volume weighing flour is granular, place container respectively;
1.3, in two containers, add 50 times limpid water respectively, under 20 ℃～35 ℃ conditions of temperature, soak 24 h, obtain cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate and gall nut leachate respectively;
1.4, select fine morning during 9-10; At first the cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate being converted water evenly sprays to shrimp crab pond; The working concentration of cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate is 50mg/L～80mg/L; Through 48 h, again the gall nut leachate to be converted water and evenly spray to shrimp crab pond, gall nut leachate working concentration is 2.0mg/L～3.5mg/L.
2. cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate according to claim 1 and gall nut leachate are used for the method for preventing and treating of shrimp crab disease, it is characterized in that: described sieving is mistake >=20 purposes sieve.
3. cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate according to claim 1 and gall nut leachate are used for the method for preventing and treating of shrimp crab disease, it is characterized in that: the working concentration of said cake of camellia oleifera seeds leachate is 65mg/L, and the working concentration of gall nut leachate is 3.0mg/L.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102346871A CN102334458B (en) | 2011-08-17 | 2011-08-17 | Method for preventing diseases of shrimps and crabs by utilizing oil-tea camellia cake lixivium and gallnut lixivium |
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| CN2011102346871A CN102334458B (en) | 2011-08-17 | 2011-08-17 | Method for preventing diseases of shrimps and crabs by utilizing oil-tea camellia cake lixivium and gallnut lixivium |
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| CN102334458A true CN102334458A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| CN102334458B CN102334458B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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| CN2011102346871A Expired - Fee Related CN102334458B (en) | 2011-08-17 | 2011-08-17 | Method for preventing diseases of shrimps and crabs by utilizing oil-tea camellia cake lixivium and gallnut lixivium |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104187004A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-10 | 盐城工学院 | Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for preventing and assisting in treatment of shrimp and crab shell ulcer disease |
| CN104705228A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-06-17 | 宁国市金东坊农业开发有限公司 | Breeding method for tor (foliter) brevifilis brevifilis |
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| CN1416866A (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2003-05-14 | 文仁肇 | Medicine for preventing and treating diseases of prawn |
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| UA30040U (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2008-02-11 | Институт Молекулярной Биологии И Генетики Национальной Академии Наук Украины | Method for preventing diseases in commercial fresh-water fishes |
| CN101595851A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2009-12-09 | 孔赟荣 | The method of preventing and treating of breed of crab and disease |
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2011
- 2011-08-17 CN CN2011102346871A patent/CN102334458B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1221559A (en) * | 1997-12-30 | 1999-07-07 | 牟乃海 | Prevention method for virus disease of Chinese prawn parent prawn breeding period |
| CN1433795A (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-08-06 | 贵州海盾生物科技开发有限责任公司 | Traditional Chinese granule medicine for preventing and caring prawn viral and bacterial disease |
| CN1416866A (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2003-05-14 | 文仁肇 | Medicine for preventing and treating diseases of prawn |
| UA30040U (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2008-02-11 | Институт Молекулярной Биологии И Генетики Национальной Академии Наук Украины | Method for preventing diseases in commercial fresh-water fishes |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 王海华: "中草药防治水产动物疾病及药理学研究进展", 《中兽医学杂志》, no. 4, 31 December 2004 (2004-12-31), pages 37 - 41 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104187004A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-10 | 盐城工学院 | Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for preventing and assisting in treatment of shrimp and crab shell ulcer disease |
| CN104187004B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-05-11 | 盐城工学院 | The Chinese herbal feed additive of a kind of prevention and supplemental treatment shrimp crab crust canker |
| CN104705228A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-06-17 | 宁国市金东坊农业开发有限公司 | Breeding method for tor (foliter) brevifilis brevifilis |
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| CN102334458B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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