CN102328669A - 过渡部折棚的材料幅以及用于制造这种材料幅的方法 - Google Patents

过渡部折棚的材料幅以及用于制造这种材料幅的方法 Download PDF

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CN102328669A
CN102328669A CN2011101869542A CN201110186954A CN102328669A CN 102328669 A CN102328669 A CN 102328669A CN 2011101869542 A CN2011101869542 A CN 2011101869542A CN 201110186954 A CN201110186954 A CN 201110186954A CN 102328669 A CN102328669 A CN 102328669A
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vestibule diaphragm
web
coating
base fabric
fabric
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CN102328669B (zh
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R·许布奈
V·云克
K·施马勒尔
U·维尔纳
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Xu Punae Holdings Ltd
Huebner GmbH and Co KG
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Huebner GmbH and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J3/00—Diaphragms; Bellows; Bellows pistons
    • F16J3/04—Bellows
    • F16J3/041—Non-metallic bellows
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    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/283—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysiloxanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
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    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/20—Communication passages between coaches; Adaptation of coach ends therefor
    • B61D17/22—Communication passages between coaches; Adaptation of coach ends therefor flexible, e.g. bellows
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06N3/18—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials
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    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Diaphragms And Bellows (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于制造位于两个彼此铰接连接的车辆之间的过渡部的折棚以及飞机登机桥或飞机乘客舷梯的折棚的材料幅，其中所述材料幅具有至少一个加强底布，其中所述加强底布在两侧涂层有合成材料层，其中所述至少一个加强底布在一侧上具有基于硅橡胶的涂层，而在另一侧上具有基于有机橡胶的涂层。

Description

过渡部折棚的材料幅以及用于制造这种材料幅的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种两个彼此铰接连接的车辆之间的过渡部的折棚的材料幅以及飞机登机桥或飞机乘客舷梯的折棚的材料幅，其中所述材料幅具有至少一个加强底布，其中所述加强底布在两侧涂层有合成材料层/塑料层(Kunststoffschicht)。
本发明的主题还在于一种根据权利要求4的前序部分所述的、用于制造折棚材料幅的方法，以及一种根据权利要求5的前序部分所述的折棚。
背景技术
已知作为波纹折棚或折纹折棚的折棚。通常它们用作两个彼此铰接连接的车辆之间的过渡部的一部分，并在此隧道状地围绕过道。同样地，飞机登机桥或飞机乘客舷梯的折棚也是已知的。
在波纹折棚或折纹折棚中，各个折纹或波纹由材料幅组成，其中在从每个折纹或波纹至相邻的折纹或波纹的过渡部中，用于形成折纹折棚或波纹折棚的各个材料幅彼此——尤其是通过折棚框架——连接，如由现有技术充分已知的那样。在此，尤其在折纹折棚中，折棚框架仅设置在折棚的外侧上以用于抓住两个折纹之间的过渡部。
这种折棚的材料幅包括至少一个加强底布，例如其形式为机织物、针织物、平面织物/无交织的平面结构(Gelege)或编织物，其中该加强底布通常在两侧被涂层。对于所述涂层来说，可以考虑各种不同的橡胶或橡胶混合物，例如硫化硅橡胶或有机橡胶如CSM(氯磺化聚乙烯)形式的弹性体。使用基于硅橡胶的弹性体来涂层用于制造(例如有轨交通工具中的)折棚的加强底布的优点在于有机硅的高防火性、良好的可染色性和提高的低温柔性。而使用硅橡胶的缺点在于高昂的价格。
但此外还存在由用有机弹性体(例如CSM)涂层的织物制成的折棚，其中有机弹性体比硅弹性体的价格低廉。例如用CSM弹性体涂层的织物不像用硅弹性体涂层的织物那样柔软，而且该用CSM弹性体涂层的织物不能制造成所有颜色。因此尤其是不能制造具有纯白色CSM的涂层。这是因为这种CSM的基质材料本来已经不白了，此外在阳光照射下颜色还会改变——即使是缓慢地改变。关于防火性方面，必须采取特殊措施以使这种用CSM涂层的织物防火。
相反，用硫化硅橡胶涂层的织物不仅可以防火，而且在较高温度时也是稳定的。
在上面的叙述中可以注意到，防火性和折棚外侧的不退色性是相关的。这是因为，折棚的这一侧受到天气情况的影响。而且已被证明有利的是，颜色方面的设计可以与例如车厢的颜色完全一致。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，把——例如用于制造折棚材料幅的织物的——用硅弹性体涂层的加强底布的优点和用有机弹性体涂层的加强底布的价格优势结合起来。
在这种情况下，根据本发明建议了一种前述类型的材料幅，所述材料幅的突出之处在于，至少一个加强底布的一侧上具有基于硅橡胶的涂层，而在另一侧上具有基于有机橡胶的涂层。硅橡胶和有机橡胶的区别在于，主链不是由碳化合物构成，而是由交替的硅原子和氧原子组成。所述橡胶作为不掺混(unverschnitten)的橡胶组分或在添加——尤其用于硫化的——通常的混合成分的情况下作为橡胶组分掺混物来使用。在施加所述涂层后，进行变成相应的弹性体的硫化，其中硫化过程通过存在于混合成分中的、市场上常见的交联剂在必要时在升高的温度下进行。也就是说，具有不同的且通常是不相容的交联系统的两种混合物被施加在加强底布上。在此，加强底布可以设计为机织物、针织物、平面织物或编织物。尤其当具有硅弹性体的涂层位于折棚的外侧上时，也实现了全部用硅弹性体涂层的折棚所具有的优点。这种折棚是阻燃的，这尤其对于折棚外侧是非常重要的，因为已经证明，在多数情况下折棚火灾的危险起因于外部的影响。因此如此进行防火测试，使得折棚从外部受到高温作用。此时直观地可以理解，其加强底布在外侧上用硅弹性体涂层的折棚满足了对耐火性的较高的要求。这种折棚也不受气候影响，尤其是能保持其用色，也就是说，该折棚尤其不退色，且其在一大的温度范围内是低温弹性的。而在折棚的内侧上设有具有有机弹性体如CSM的涂层，该涂层完全满足了那里的要求。
基于硅橡胶的涂层以及基于有机橡胶的涂层都必须分别全硫化/硫化(ausvulkanisieren)成一弹性体。迄今为止，学术界都认为，由于基于硅橡胶的涂层和基于有机橡胶的涂层的不同的硫化条件和组成成分，所以不能在加强底布如织物上使用这两种不同的涂层。
然而令人惊异地证实，如果首先在加强底布上施加硅组分、全硫化基于硅橡胶的涂层、然后在加强底布上施加基于有机橡胶尤其是CSM的涂层、并随后全硫化该层，那么可以得到在一侧上用硅弹性体涂层而在另一侧上用有机弹性体例如CSM涂层的加强底布。
由从属权利要求以及并列权利要求中得出本发明的有利的特征和设计方案。
本发明还涉及一种两个彼此铰接连接的车辆之间的过渡部的或飞机乘客舷梯或飞机登机桥的折棚，其中这种折棚的特点在于具有至少一个如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的材料幅。也就是说，例如一波纹折棚由多个材料幅构成，其中所述至少一个加强底布在一侧上设有基于硅橡胶的涂层，而在另一侧上设有基于有机橡胶如CSM的涂层。当在至少一个加强底布上将所述各层分别硫化成一弹性体之后，使各个材料幅彼此连接以形成折纹折棚或波纹折棚的相应的折纹或波纹，其中在从每个折纹或波纹至相邻的折纹或波纹的过渡区域中设有一环绕的折棚框架。该折棚框架的横截面设计为U形且抓住两个相邻的波纹或折纹的两个端部。
已经指出，折棚的基于硅橡胶的涂层从车辆侧向外指向，而基于有机弹性体的涂层向内指向。当人们以折棚的外侧要具有防火性为出发点时，优点尤其在于硅材料的高防火性。
本发明还包括作为两个彼此铰接连接的车辆的端侧之间的过渡部的一部分的、两个交错放置的形式为双波纹折棚的折棚之间的过渡部的设计。在这种双折棚设计中，两个折棚的基于有机橡胶的涂层布置在折棚的指向彼此的侧面上，其中相应地，外部折棚上的基于硅橡胶的涂层向外指向，而内部折棚上的相应的涂层配设给内部折棚的内侧。
附图说明
根据附图示例性地进一步解释本发明。
图1示意性地示出具有折棚的铰接式车辆的两个车厢；
图2示意性地示出根据本发明的材料幅的构造的剖视图。
具体实施方式
过渡部的折棚1位于铰接式车辆的两个车厢2、3之间，其中折棚可以设计为折纹折棚或波纹折棚(图1)。本发明的主题在于用于制造折棚的材料幅5。
材料幅5的至少一个加强底布10在一侧上用硅基橡胶30涂层，其中在对加强底布如机织物、针织物或平面织物进行了涂层后，使该基于硅橡胶的层全硫化/硫化(ausvulkanisieren)。在该全硫化过程后，在加强底布的另一侧上用基于有机弹性体的橡胶例如CSM涂层，随后全硫化该层。

Claims (6)

1.一种位于两个彼此铰接连接的车辆之间的过渡部的折棚以及飞机登机桥或飞机乘客舷梯的折棚的材料幅，其中所述材料幅具有至少一个加强底布，其中所述加强底布在两侧涂层有合成材料层，其特征在于，所述至少一个加强底布在一侧上具有基于硅橡胶的涂层，而在另一侧上具有基于有机橡胶的涂层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的材料幅，其特征在于，所述加强底布是机织物、针织物、平面织物或编织物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的材料幅，其特征在于，所述弹性体材料是CSM。
4.一种用于制造材料幅的方法，该材料幅用于两个彼此铰接连接的车辆之间的过渡部的折棚或用于飞机登机桥或飞机乘客舷梯的折棚，其中，所述材料幅具有至少一个加强底布，其特征在于，所述加强底布(10)在一侧上具有基于硅橡胶的涂层(30)，而在另一侧上具有基于有机弹性体材料的涂层(20)，其中在将所述基于硅橡胶的层施加在所述加强底布(10)的一侧上之后，使所述至少一个加强底布上的所述橡胶层全硫化，其中在全硫化所述硅橡胶之后，将所述基于有机弹性体材料的涂层(20)施加在所述至少一个加强底布的空白侧上，随后使所述至少一个加强底布(10)上的所述基于有机弹性体材料的涂层全硫化。
5.一种位于两个彼此铰接连接的车辆之间的过渡部的折棚或飞机登机桥或飞机乘客舷梯的折棚，其特征在于，所述折棚具有至少一个根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的材料幅。
6.根据权利要求5所述的位于两个彼此铰接连接的车辆之间的过渡部的折棚或飞机登机桥或飞机乘客舷梯的折棚，其特征在于，基于硅橡胶的涂层布置在所述折棚的外侧上，而基于有机橡胶的涂层布置在所述折棚的内侧上。
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