CN102323628B - Rainfall information acquiring and metering method and unit, and rainfall meter - Google Patents
Rainfall information acquiring and metering method and unit, and rainfall meter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rainfall information acquiring and metering method and unit, and a rainfall meter. The rainfall meter comprises a box body, an acquiring and metering unit, a drainage pump, a drainage pipe, an input device, a display and a controller, wherein the acquiring and metering unit comprises a rainfall collector, a water inlet connection pipe, a rainfall collector and a water pumping connection pipe; a metering circuit board is arranged on the outer wall of the rainfall collector, a shift register is arranged on the metering circuit board, metering pins of the shift register are arranged on the metering circuit board at equal intervals and extend into the rainfall collector, and signaling pins of the shift register extend into the rainfall collector and are positioned on the bottom surface of the rainfall collector. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the signaling pins output modulation pulse electric signals, and rainfall (water) quantity and rainfall (water) rate are metered by adopting a liquid level measuring method and utilizing the characteristic of a conductive liquid through detecting electric signals received by the metering pins.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rain gage or precipitation gauge technical field, relate in particular to precipitation rate meter or portable electromagnetic wave communication environments characterisitic parameter Acquisition Instrument, and the level measuring method of employing conductive liquid carries out precipitation collection metering units and the rain gage of space-time high resolution precipitation amount, precipitation rate information acquisition, metering.
Background technology
Quantity of precipitation, precipitation rate information are the information of the field extensive concerns such as meteorology, the hydrology, environmental protection, rain gage is used for the quantity of precipitation information, by the daily quantity of precipitation data that monitor, can accumulate and calculate situation and the trend of Changes in weather and the possibility of generation flood of recent and following rainfall, for the people's daily life provides necessary believable information, for the decision-making of government provides authentic data.
On the other hand, quantity of precipitation, precipitation intensity also are electromagnetic transmission, scattering properties research, the needed information of space electromagnetic environment characteristic research, particularly space-time high resolution precipitation rate information is indispensable information element for millimeter wave electromagnetic signal transmission, scattering properties and the research of troposphere electromagnetic environment characteristic.When for example, high, empty resolution precipitation intensity information is that research rainfall, snowfall are to the indispensable information element of millimere-wave band mimo channel properties influence process; The decline Research on Dynamic Characteristic needs 1 minute accumulative total precipitation intensity due to rainfall, the snowfall attenuation; In order to get rid of channel relevancy to the impact of the mimo system bit error rate, the precoding algorithm requires shorter time accumulative rainfall strength information; By the space environment background radiation noise temperature that the millimere-wave band microwave radiometer is monitored, binding site precipitation rate measurement data can be studied electromagnetic signal by the equivalent path Changing Pattern of rainfall or snowfall environment; Time series by the monitoring point rate of rainall, in conjunction with the equivalent path model, can be used for analyzing the decline dynamic rule of sequence of rain, set up the rain dynamic perfromance forecasting model that declines, for the adaptive power control technology provides according to also can be used for analyzing mimo channel dynamic perfromance rule; Precipitation rate time space distribution character also has important meaning etc. for research rain born of the same parents structure, cloud cluster internal structure change process.
The Chinese invention patent that the patent No. is 200410084747.6, name is called sessile drop method capacitance rainfall recorder metering method and device discloses a kind of rainfall device, this device comprises the rain receiver funnel and is connected to the choker-line of rain receiver funnel lower end, successively installation site sensor and capacitive transducer below choker-line, the delivery outlet of position transducer directly connects the input port of signal processing unit, and the delivery outlet of capacitive transducer is connected with signal processing unit through converter.This device adopts throttle style to make rainwater be converted to the vertical drop drop, utilizes drop to change capacitive transducer economize on electricity coefficient, by measuring each droplet size, draws corresponding rainfall.But this device is owing to adopt the choker-line design, thereby choker-line itself very easily stops up and causes easily measuring error.
The patent No. is 200610019234.6, name is called the disclosed a kind of rain gage of a kind of udometric Chinese invention patent, it comprises rain trap, capacitive liquid level sensor and signal processing circuit, rain trap is provided with rising pipe, electric control valve is set on the rising pipe, and the input end of motorized adjustment valve controling circuit and control end join with signal processing circuit, output terminal links to each other with the control end of electric control valve.This rain gage is converted to electric signal by the capacitive liquid level sensor with rainwater liquid level conversion in the rain trap, this electric signal offers signal processing circuit, signal processing circuit is calculated rainfall amount according to the aperture of liquid level rise in the rain trap or whereabouts speed control electric control valve by the aperture of liquid level rate of change and electric control valve.This rain gage adopts the dynamic measurement mode to estimate rainfall, but for small rain, precision is lower.
The Chinese invention patent application that application number is 201010147427.6, name is called a kind of digital control type pluviometer discloses a kind of rain gage, it comprises raingauge receiver, test barrel, is arranged on sensor, reference test bar, drag rope, pulley, stepper motor and center processor in the test barrel, although this rain gage has improved much at range, but complex structure, mechanical drive is too much, has the deficiency that parts are easy to wear, repair rate is high, maintenance cost is high, measuring accuracy is low.
The raindrop spectrometer of present various models is expensive, and data need to directly be sent to independently computer and process and store, so be not suitable for the measurement of arranging of interim multiple spot, is not suitable for providing space-time high resolving power rainfall/water information.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the collection metering method that a kind of level measuring method that utilizes conductive liquid is measured quantity of precipitation and precipitation rate.
Another object of the present invention provides the collection metering units that uses on a kind of rain gage, and this collection metering units adopts the level measuring method of conductive liquid to carry out the metering of precipitation information.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of accurate measurement, rain gage simple in structure, and these rain gage parts are few, do not have motion structure, do not need long-time maintenance, and cost is lower, is more suitable for arranging in interim multiple spot, and the measurement data of high spatial resolution is provided.
In order to realize above-mentioned the first purpose, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of precipitation information acquisition metering method, collect precipitation and precipitation is entered in the precipitation collector by rain trap, be provided with the metering circuit plate of vertically arranging on the precipitation collector, be provided with shift register and sender pin on the metering circuit plate, the metering pin of shift register from top to bottom equi-spaced apart is arranged, metering pin and sender pin stretch in this precipitation collector, and the metering pin of sender pin and bottommost is positioned at precipitation collector inner bottom surface and on the same level face; Detect metering by the electric signal to the metering pin, draw current quantity of precipitation and precipitation rate, wherein, described detection metrology steps is as follows:
When a, metering beginning, the sender pin is exported a modulating pulse electric signal;
B, metering pin Polling electric signal, and send the electric signal that detects to shift register;
C, shift register send the electric signal that collects on the controller microprocessor, microprocessor compares identification with the modulating pulse electric signal that the sender pin is exported respectively with the electric signal that receives, to judge the whether true conducting of metering pin, then add up the quantity of the metering pin that is switched on, calculate interior actual quantity of precipitation H i integral time according to formula (1)
i:
H
i={[(h
i-h
i-1)×s]/S
1}×S （1）
H in the formula (1)
iLiquid level when being i secondary data record in the precipitation collector, i 〉=1, h
I-1Liquid level when being i-1 secondary data record in the precipitation collector, s is the inner core floorage of precipitation collector, S
1Be effective collective area of rain trap, S is the cross-sectional area of international standard measuring vessel, and S is 100 π cm
2
Liquid level h during i secondary data record in the precipitation collector
iCalculate according to formula (2):
h
i=l×q
i （2）
L in the formula (2) is the spacing between adjacent metering pin, q
iThe quantity of the metering pin that is switched on when being the i time record data;
Calculate interior precipitation rate R i integral time according to formula (3)
i:
R
i＝（H
i/τ）×60 （3）
τ in the formula (3) is the integral time of setting;
Can calculate the actual rainfall amount H of this catchment according to formula (4):
H＝∑H
i （4）。
Method of the present invention is exported a modulating pulse electric signal by the sender pin, receive and identify electric signal by the metering pin, because glassware for drinking water has electric conductivity, after rainwater enters in the precipitation collector, the metering pin that is in the place that water is arranged will be switched on, because the spacing between the metering pin is known, the quantity that only need count the metering pin that is switched on can obtain the interior liquid level of precipitation collector, thereby the quantity of precipitation of calculating and precipitation rate information, the inventive method step is simple, have anti-interference, be convenient to detect, advantage that measuring accuracy is high.Can find out from precipitation rate of the present invention, quantity of precipitation method, rain gage based on precipitation rate of the present invention, quantity of precipitation collecting unit, also can in use by adjust easily, change effective collective area of rain trap, adjust, improve and measure sensitivity and precision.
In order to realize above-mentioned the second purpose, the present invention takes following technical solution:
Gather metering units, comprise the rain trap, water inlet adapter, precipitation collector and the adapter of drawing water that are linked in sequence, water inlet is taken over and is drawn water to take over solenoid valve is installed, be provided with the metering circuit plate of vertical placement at the precipitation collector, described metering circuit plate is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of described precipitation collector; Be disposed with from top to bottom a plurality of shift registers on the metering circuit plate, the metering pin of shift register vertically equi-spaced apart is arranged on the metering circuit plate and passes described precipitation collector outer wall and stretches in the precipitation collector, and described shift register links to each other with the microprocessor of peripheral control unit; Metering circuit plate bottom is provided with a sender pin for output modulating pulse electric signal, the sender pin passes described precipitation collector outer wall and stretches in the precipitation collector and be positioned at precipitation collector inner bottom surface position, described sender pin links to each other with the microprocessor of peripheral control unit, sender pin and be positioned at the metering pin of metering circuit plate bottommost on the same level face.
Collection metering units of the present invention is by being provided with the metering circuit plate of shift register at the precipitation collector, metering pin vertically equi-spaced apart is arranged and is extended in the precipitation collector, produce the modulating pulse electric signal by the sender pin, because the electric conductivity of water, the metering pin that is flooded by rainwater in the precipitation collector (or the snow-broth after melting) is switched on rear generation electric signal, the quantity of the metering pin that is switched on by statistics can obtain liquid level in the precipitation collector, thereby calculates rainfall amount.A whole set of metering units adopts digital circuit entirely, and without mimic channel and simulating signal, the machinery-free moving component has been avoided many, the easily losses and easily being disturbed of parts, and then affected the problem appearance of measuring accuracy.
In order to realize above-mentioned the 3rd purpose, the present invention takes following technical solution:
Rain gage comprises: casing; Be arranged at the unwatering pump on the casing; The drainpipe that is communicated with unwatering pump, the drainpipe outlet end is positioned at outside the casing; Be arranged at inductive switch, input media, display and controller on the casing; Be provided with the collection metering units that at least 2 covers have the precipitation collector of different inner core floorages on the casing, the rain trap that gathers metering units is positioned at the casing top, and the adapter of drawing water that gathers metering units links to each other with unwatering pump.
Rain gage of the present invention gathers metering units by at least 2 covers are set, for example 2～4 covers gather metering units, the precipitation collector inner bottom surface radius (being the inner core floorage) of every cover collection metering units is different, the precipitation collector that the inner bottom surface radius is large is applicable to the metering of precipitation rate/amount when raining heavyly, the metering of the precipitation rate when the precipitation collector that the inner bottom surface radius is little is applicable to light rain/amount, controller is according to automatically the record data of precipitation collector being write memory card or transmission the integral time of setting, can effectively reduce error in dipping, simultaneously, the multi-group data of the metering units record that many covers are different averages metering, also can improve measuring accuracy.Rain gage volume of the present invention is little, lightweight, simple in structure, it is low in energy consumption to be easy to carry, to work, and measuring accuracy is high, is more suitable in the measurement of arranging according to concrete scientific research, the interim multiple spot of teaching task.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the side view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the precipitation collector of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the precipitation collector of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the precipitation collector of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the rain trap of the embodiment of the invention 6;
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of Fig. 8.
The present invention is described in more detail with each embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the rain gage of present embodiment comprises collection metering units 1, unwatering pump 2, supply unit 3, drainpipe 4, dehumidifying fan 5, casing 6, input media 7, display 8, controller 9, GSM and gps antenna 10, inductive switch 11.Wherein, gathering metering units 1 is made of rain trap 1-1, water inlet adapter 1-2, normally open solenoid valve 1-3, precipitation collector 1-4, normally closed solenoid valve 1-5, the adapter 1-6 that draws water.The rain gage of present embodiment is provided with two covers and gathers metering units 1, the capacity of precipitation collector 1-4 in each collection metering units 1 is different, for small one and large one, in addition, the modular construction that every cover gathers in the metering units is basic identical, in the explanation of following examples, the identical parts that gather in the metering units all use identical label.
With reference to Fig. 1, casing 6 is the installation main body of present embodiment, all parts are installed on the casing 6, be provided with suspension ring 60(Fig. 2 in the upper left corner of casing 6 each side), suspension ring 60 are used for tether, the other end of rope fixes on the ground, even can guarantee thus that rain gage uses under severe weather conditions can overturning yet.Below gather metering units take a cover and describe as example, rain trap 1-1 is installed in the top of casing 6, rain trap 1-1 roughly is infundibulate, the top of funnel is an annulus sleeve, collect rainwater by rain trap 1-1 during metering, the annulus sleeve at top can be avoided affecting measuring accuracy owing to rainwater drips to spatter between the adjacent rain trap.Rain trap 1-1 lower end is connected with into water and takes over 1-2, water inlet is taken on the 1-2 normally open solenoid valve 1-3 is installed, water inlet is taken over the 1-2 below and is provided with precipitation collector 1-4, precipitation collector 1-4 takes over 1-2 with water inlet and is connected, and takes over 1-2 by the rainwater (perhaps the rear snow-broth that forms is melted in snowfall) of rain trap 1-1 collection through water inlet and enters among the precipitation collector 1-4.Be provided with the metering circuit plate 1-7 of vertical placement at precipitation collector 1-4 outer wall, namely metering circuit plate 1-7 is parallel to the longitudinal centre line setting of precipitation collector 1-4.Be furnished with a plurality of shift register 1-8 at metering circuit plate 1-7, the metering pin 1-9 of shift register 1-8 vertically equi-spaced apart is arranged on the metering circuit plate 1-7, and stretch in the precipitation collector 1-4, metering pin 1-9 contacts with liquid in the precipitation collector 1-4, and the metering pin 1-9 of bottommost is positioned at precipitation collector 1-4 inner bottom surface position.The height of the height of metering circuit plate 1-7 and precipitation collector 1-4 adapts, so that metering pin 1-9 is arranged in the measures range of precipitation collector 1-4.Shift register 1-8 be used for to gather the electric signal that is transmitted by metering pin 1-9, and shift register 1-8 adopts in the present embodiment is that the model of Maxim Integrated Products is the shift register of MAX7301.Be furnished with a sender pin 1-10 in metering circuit plate 1-7 bottom, sender pin 1-10 stretches in the precipitation collector 1-4, and sender pin 1-10 links to each other with microprocessor on the controller 9.Sender pin 1-10 is positioned at precipitation collector 1-4 inner bottom surface position, and the metering pin 1-9 that is positioned at bottommost is on the same level face.Spacing of respectively measuring between pin 1-9 of the present invention is pre-designed, when in the precipitation collector 1-4 water being arranged, the meeting conducting is from precipitation collector 1-4 inner bottom surface to the metering pin 1-9 the liquid level, equidistant according to what preset, in conjunction with the number of the metering pin of the conducting of measuring, namely know the liquid level in the precipitation collector 1-4.Precipitation collector 1-4 bottom is provided with to draw water takes over 1-6, draw water to take on the 1-6 and be provided with normally closed solenoid valve 1-5, the unwatering pump 2 of draw water and take over that 1-6 one end is connected with precipitation collector 1-4, the other end is interior with being installed in casing 6 is connected, be provided with drainpipe 4 on the unwatering pump 2, the outlet of drainpipe 4 is positioned at outside the casing 6, and the rainwater that is used for gathering is discharged.Structure and the connected mode of the parts of the another set of collection metering units that arranges on the rain gage are all identical, in like manner, when cover had the collection metering units 1 of the precipitation collector 1-4 of different capabilities more than will arranging on the rain gage, the structure of its parts and connected mode were also identical.
As a preferred version of the present invention, present embodiment is provided with dehumidifying fan 5 at casing 6, be provided with humidity sensor 11 in the casing 6, when the data from humidity sensor 11 that receive when controller 9 are higher than preset value, then controller 9 startup dehumidifying fans 5 are started working, to guarantee casing 6 inner dryings, prevent that element is impaired because of humidity, thereby prolong component life.In addition, also be provided with GSM and gps antenna 10 at casing 6 tops, controller 9 correspondences are provided with wireless communication module and GPS module, and wireless communication module can be set up wireless network by GSM antenna and data center platform and be connected, and detects the wireless transmission of data and control signal.
During metering, the normally open solenoid valve 1-3 that water inlet is taken on the 1-2 is open mode, maintenance can be intake, in the metering process, when rainwater reaches setting threshold in the precipitation collector 1-4, controller 9 cuts out normally open solenoid valve 1-3, rainwater can not enter in the precipitation collector 1-4 between drainage period, the normally closed solenoid valve 1-5 that takes on the 1-6 that draws water is opened, and startup unwatering pump 2 is started working, rapidly rainwater in the precipitation collector 1-4 is discharged by unwatering pump 2, after draining is complete, close normally closed solenoid valve 1-5, reopen normally open solenoid valve 1-3, the rainwater of collecting in the rain trap 1-1 between drainage period is entered among the precipitation collector 1-4, continue metering process.
Metering method of the present invention is as follows:
The rainwater (snow-broth after perhaps melting) of being collected by rain trap 1-1 enters among the precipitation collector 1-4 that is provided with metering circuit plate 1-7 through water inlet adapter 1-2, be provided with shift register 1-8 and sender pin 1-10 on the metering circuit plate 1-7, the metering pin 1-9 of shift register 1-8 and sender pin 1-10 stretch in the precipitation collector 1-4, detect metering by the electric signal to metering pin 1-9, draw current quantity of precipitation and precipitation rate, wherein, this detection metrology steps is as follows:
When a, metering beginning, sender pin 1-10 exports a modulating pulse electric signal;
B, metering pin 1-9 Polling electric signal, because water has electric conductivity, after rainwater enters precipitation collector 1-4, the modulating pulse electric signal of sender pin 1-10 output is by the coupling of conductive liquid in the precipitation collector 1-4, make generation current between metering pin 1-9 and sender pin 1-10, metering pin 1-9 is switched on, and sends the electric signal that detects to shift register 1-8;
C, shift register 1-8 send the electric signal that collects on the controller 9 microprocessor, microprocessor compares identification with the modulating pulse electric signal that sender pin 1-10 exports respectively with the electric signal that receives, to judge whether true conducting of metering pin 1-9, then add up the quantity of the metering pin 1-9 that is switched on, calculate interior actual quantity of precipitation H i integral time according to formula (1)
i:
H
i={[(h
i-h
i-1)×s]/S
1}×S （1）
H in the formula (1)
iLiquid level when being i secondary data record in the precipitation collector, i 〉=1, h
I-1Liquid level when being i-1 secondary data record in the precipitation collector, s is the inner core floorage of precipitation collector, S
1Be effective collective area of rain trap, usually S
1S, S is the cross-sectional area of international standard measuring vessel, S=100 π cm
2, when record start the initial value of liquid level be 0, the first integral time period is the 1st record, the like because inductive switch is selected automatically to begin to measure and when finishing to measure, can forced drainage once, so initial liquid level is 0;
Liquid level h during i secondary data record in the precipitation collector
iCalculate according to formula (2):
h
i=l×q
i （2）
L in the formula (2) is the spacing between adjacent metering pin, q
iThe quantity of the metering pin that is switched on when being the i time record data, from starting shooting in the unused time interval, the pin number cycle index, for example: total N of metering circuit plate effectively measures pin, as detect draining once, then k pin on the metering circuit plate is designated as 1 * N+k, as detects draining twice, then k pin on the metering circuit plate is designated as 2 * N+k, the like;
Calculate interior precipitation rate R i integral time according to formula (3)
i:
R
i＝（H
i/τ）×60 （3）
The integral time of τ in the formula (3) for setting can draw the rate of rainall sequence that τ distributes integral time according to formula (3), and the less then temporal resolution of τ is higher;
Can calculate the actual quantity of precipitation H of this catchment according to formula (4):
H＝∑H
i （4）。
Can find out from method of the present invention, based on the rain gage of the inventive method, can be in use by adjusting, change effective collective area S of rain trap
1(namely changing at any time the rain trap that varies in size according to the rainfall situation) uses the precipitation collector of different inner core floorage s, thereby adjusts, improves and measure sensitivity and precision, and the spacing l when between metering pin 1-9 more hour, and the result of metering is more accurate.
As shown in Figure 5, present embodiment and embodiment 1 different place is: from vertical view, 1-2 and precipitation collector 1-4 phase inscribe are taken in water inlet, the end face circle phase inscribe of bottom surface circle with the precipitation collector 1-4 of 1-2 is taken in i.e. water inlet, make the inwall that is pasting precipitation collector 1-4 into the outlet of water adapter 1-2, it is dirty that the current that the adapter 1-2 of intaking thus discharges can paste the madial wall of precipitation collector 1-4, can reduce evoking of spray like this, avoids causing measuring error.
As shown in Figure 6, be the structural representation of the precipitation collector 1-4 of the embodiment of the invention 2.Present embodiment and embodiment 1 different place is, is furnished with the metering pin 1-9 that vertically arranges that two row are parallel to each other on the metering circuit plate 1-7, and metering pin 1-9 equi-spaced apart is arranged.The reason that biserial metering pin 1-9 is set at metering circuit plate 1-7 is: when rain gage is placed on the uneven plane, liquid level is not to be parallel to surface level in the precipitation collector 1-4, the actual liquid level that touches of metering pin 1-9 occurring easily when liquid level is inclination is not real liquid level, thereby deviation appears, and when biserial metering pin is set, can get the par of two row metering pins during metering, can avoid deviation, be conducive to improve measuring accuracy.
As shown in Figure 7, present embodiment and embodiment 3 different places are: the upper two row metering pin 1-9 that arrange of metering circuit plate 1-7 are relatively arranged on the precipitation collector 1-4 sidewall, namely a row metering pin 1-9 is relative with another row metering pin 1-9, be arranged on the sidewall of precipitation collector 1-4, can guarantee thus no matter which rain gage roll tiltedly toward, can both draw exactly the quantity of the metering pin 1-9 that is switched on, guarantee the accuracy of metering.
Present embodiment and embodiment 1 different place is: the back side and precipitation collector 1-4 outer wall at rain trap 1-1 are provided with heating arrangement, such as resistance wire etc., this heating arrangement is fixed by the mode of bonding, be provided with temperature sensor at casing 6, when the temperature that the temperature sensor that receives when the microprocessor of controller 9 transmits is lower than setting value, can start heating arrangement heats, prevent from freezing, rain trap 1-1 can be used for collecting the water after the snowflake that is immediately heated melts thus, is used for the quantity of precipitation of snow weather and the measurement of precipitation rate.
Such as Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, present embodiment and embodiment 1 different place is: the consistent raised line a of a plurality of centerline directions of processing and rain trap generatrix direction on the inwall of rain trap 1-1, the interval arranges and forms guide groove between the adjacent raised line a, at rain trap 1-1 inwall raised line a(or guide groove are set), can destroy the surface tension of water droplet, impel the rainwater collected or melt after snow-broth in time leave rain trap 1-1, enter the precipitation collector by the water inlet adapter, guarantee to provide the precipitation information of high time resolution.Rain trap 1-1 adopts plug-in type to connect simultaneously, quickly and easily the suitable rain trap of replacement port footpath area.
By above technical scheme as can be known, the present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and good effect:
Collection metering units of the present invention adopts the pure digi-tal design, the signal that has reduced under the various complex environments disturbs, and than mimic channel metering units such as common capacitance-grid type or voltage resistance formulas, the metering pin of equidistantly arranging does not in use need to calibrate again.
The preferred wireless transmission method that adopts has reduced the past by staff's hand-kept continuous data workload of reported data step by step, has avoided data in reporting process because the error that human factor causes, and has made data have higher real-time and accuracy.
The GPS module is set in the controller, but timing synchronization sytem clock, make a plurality of measurement point time synchronized, below error 1 microsecond, and write the metering longitude and latitude, guarantee real-time and the accuracy of data, when carrying out the metering of multiple spot rainfall amount, guarantee time shaft accurately and the geographic position accurately has great Practical significance.And GPS can provide each measurement point spatial geographic information, by the measurement of flexibly, flexibly arranging, can provide the precipitation rate information of high time, spatial resolution.
Data storage cell preferably adopts the storage cards such as SD card, TF card, support hot plug, the cost performance high power capacity is large and read or write speed is fast, be difficult for affected by environmently, in the situation that does not have wireless GSM base station, store separately data, when the GSM signal is arranged, previously stored Various types of data is sent, also can be kept former data even send unsuccessfully, be particularly useful for field environment.
Supply unit adopts high-power high capacity polymer lithium battery, and can change quickly and easily reserve battery, is more suitable for open-air long-time unmanned work.
Certainly, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that, still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not break away from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed among the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. precipitation information acquisition metering method, collect precipitation and precipitation is entered in the precipitation collector by rain trap, it is characterized in that: be provided with the metering circuit plate of vertically arranging on the described precipitation collector, be provided with shift register and sender pin on the described metering circuit plate, the metering pin of described shift register from top to bottom equi-spaced apart is arranged, described metering pin and sender pin stretch in the described precipitation collector, and the metering pin of sender pin and bottommost is positioned at precipitation collector inner bottom surface and on the same level face; Detect metering by the electric signal to the metering pin, draw current quantity of precipitation and precipitation rate, wherein, described detection metrology steps is as follows:
When a, metering beginning, the sender pin is exported a modulating pulse electric signal;
B, metering pin Polling electric signal, and send the electric signal that detects to shift register;
C, shift register send the electric signal that collects on the controller microprocessor, microprocessor compares identification with the modulating pulse electric signal that the sender pin is exported respectively with the electric signal that receives, to judge the whether true conducting of metering pin, and the quantity of adding up the metering pin that is switched on, calculate interior actual quantity of precipitation H i integral time according to formula (1)
i:
H
i={[(h
i-h
i-1)×s]/S
1}×S （1）
H in the formula (1)
iLiquid level when being i secondary data record in the precipitation collector, i 〉=1, h
I-1Liquid level when being i-1 secondary data record in the precipitation collector, s is the inner core floorage of precipitation collector, S
1Be effective collective area of rain trap, S is the cross-sectional area of international standard measuring vessel, S=100 π cm
2
Liquid level h during i secondary data record in the precipitation collector
iCalculate according to formula (2):
h
i=l×q
i （2）
L in the formula (2) is the spacing between adjacent metering pin, q
iThe quantity of the metering pin that is switched on when being the i time record data;
Calculate interior precipitation rate R i integral time according to formula (3)
i:
R
i＝（H
i/τ）×60 （3）
τ in the formula (3) is the integral time of setting;
Can calculate the actual rainfall amount H of this catchment according to formula (4):
H＝∑H
i （4）。
2. the collection metering units comprises the rain trap, water inlet adapter, precipitation collector and the adapter of drawing water that are linked in sequence, and described water inlet is taken over and drawn water to take over solenoid valve is installed, and it is characterized in that:
Be provided with the metering circuit plate of vertical placement at described precipitation collector, described metering circuit plate is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of described precipitation collector;
Be disposed with from top to bottom a plurality of shift registers on the described metering circuit plate, the metering pin of described shift register vertically equi-spaced apart is arranged on the described metering circuit plate and passes described precipitation collector outer wall and stretches in the described precipitation collector, and described shift register links to each other with the microprocessor of peripheral control unit;
Described metering circuit plate bottom is provided with a sender pin for output modulating pulse electric signal, described sender pin passes described precipitation collector outer wall and stretches in the described precipitation collector and be positioned at described precipitation collector inner bottom surface position, described sender pin links to each other with the microprocessor of peripheral control unit, described sender pin and be positioned at the metering pin of metering circuit plate bottommost on the same level face.
3. collection metering units according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the interval arranges a plurality of centerline directions raised line consistent with the rain trap generatrix direction on the inwall of described rain trap.
4. collection metering units according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the solenoid valve on described water inlet is taken over is normally open solenoid valve.
5. collection metering units according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the described solenoid valve that draws water on taking over is normally closed solenoid valve.
6. collection metering units according to claim 2 is characterized in that: be furnished with the metering pin of vertically arranging that two row are parallel to each other on the described metering circuit plate, described metering pin equi-spaced apart layout.
7. collection metering units according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the two row metering pins that arrange on the described metering circuit plate are relatively arranged on the precipitation collector sidewall.
8. collection metering units according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the bottom surface circle that described water inlet is taken over and the round phase inscribe of the end face of described precipitation collector.
9. be provided with the rain gage such as each described collection metering units of claim 2 to 8, comprise:
Casing;
Be arranged at the unwatering pump on the described casing;
With the drainpipe that described unwatering pump is communicated with, described drainpipe outlet end is positioned at outside the described casing;
Be arranged at inductive switch, input media, display and controller on the described casing;
Be provided with the collection metering units that at least 2 covers have the precipitation collector of different inner core floorages on the described casing, the rain trap of described collection metering units is positioned at described casing top, and the described adapter of drawing water links to each other with described unwatering pump.
10. rain gage according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: the back side of described rain trap and precipitation collector outer wall are provided with heating arrangement, are provided with temperature sensor on the casing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110264376 CN102323628B (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2011-09-07 | Rainfall information acquiring and metering method and unit, and rainfall meter |
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| CN 201110264376 CN102323628B (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2011-09-07 | Rainfall information acquiring and metering method and unit, and rainfall meter |
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| CN102323628B true CN102323628B (en) | 2013-05-01 |
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| CN105004646B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2018-05-22 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of indoors artificial simulated rain trails system |
| KR101791007B1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-10-30 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | Recovery system and method for high resolution precipitation data |
| CN106482660A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-03-08 | 杭州桐森信息技术有限公司 | Snow depth detection means |
| CN106996852A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-01 | 苏州科技大学 | Salt fog test system |
| CN108061926A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-22 | 淮阴师范学院 | For carrying out the intelligent multi-function platform and system of hydrologic monitoring in path stream |
| CN108330656A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-07-27 | 上海康斐信息技术有限公司 | A kind of intelligent scene rain-proof wind sheltering clothes hanger and its control method |
| CN108732650B (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2020-11-06 | 刘航邑 | Electric control measuring cylinder type digital intelligent rainfall gauge |
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| CN108845379A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-11-20 | 王悦钰 | A kind of anti-sundries rain gauge of dedicated volume cylinder vaporization prevention of water conservancy |
| CN109146338B (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2023-09-12 | 广西桂冠电力股份有限公司 | Hydropower station production scheduling system and method |
| CN109143415A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-04 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of flood-discharge atomizing rainfall Stereometric device and method |
| CN111025429B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-06-10 | 重庆交通大学 | Device and method for measuring spatial distribution of flood discharge and atomization rainfall intensity of hydraulic model |
| CN113031115B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-09-13 | 国家海洋标准计量中心 | Deep and far sea resistance type precipitation measuring device and method based on satellite communication positioning |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4476718A (en) * | 1983-04-07 | 1984-10-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Rain rate meter |
| CN1045018C (en) * | 1996-07-11 | 1999-09-08 | 太原工业大学 | Induction type digital water level sensor |
| CN201133940Y (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-10-15 | 胡庆钢 | Rain gauge |
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