CN102323628A - Rainfall information acquiring and metering method and unit, and rainfall meter - Google Patents
Rainfall information acquiring and metering method and unit, and rainfall meter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rainfall information acquiring and metering method and unit, and a rainfall meter. The rainfall meter comprises a box body, an acquiring and metering unit, a drainage pump, a drainage pipe, an input device, a display and a controller, wherein the acquiring and metering unit comprises a rainfall collector, a water inlet connection pipe, a rainfall collector and a water pumping connection pipe; a metering circuit board is arranged on the outer wall of the rainfall collector, a shift register is arranged on the metering circuit board, metering pins of the shift register are arranged on the metering circuit board at equal intervals and extend into the rainfall collector, and signaling pins of the shift register extend into the rainfall collector and are positioned on the bottom surface of the rainfall collector. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the signaling pins output modulation pulse electric signals, and rainfall (water) quantity and rainfall (water) rate are metered by adopting a liquid level measuring method and utilizing the characteristic of a conductive liquid through detecting electric signals received by the metering pins.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rain gage or precipitation gauge technical field; Relate in particular to precipitation rate meter or portable electromagnetic wave communication environments characterisitic parameter Acquisition Instrument, and the level measuring method of employing conductive liquid carries out the precipitation collection metering units and the rain gage of space-time high resolution precipitation amount, precipitation rate information acquisition, metering.
Background technology
Quantity of precipitation, precipitation rate information are the information of field extensive concerns such as meteorology, the hydrology, environmental protection; Rain gage is used for quantity of precipitation information is gathered; By the daily quantity of precipitation data that monitor; Can accumulate and calculate situation and the trend of Changes in weather and the possibility of flood occurrence of recent and following rainfall, for the people's daily life provides necessary believable information, for government's decision provides authentic data.
On the other hand; Quantity of precipitation, precipitation intensity also are electromagnetic transmission, scattering properties research, the needed information of space electromagnetic environment characteristic research; Particularly space-time high resolution precipitation rate information is indispensable information element for millimeter wave electromagnetic signal transmission, scattering properties and the research of troposphere electromagnetic environment characteristic.When for example, high, empty resolution precipitation intensity information is that research rainfall, snowfall are to the indispensable information element of millimere-wave band mimo channel properties influence process; The decline Research on Dynamic Characteristic needs 1 minute accumulative total precipitation intensity due to rainfall, the snowfall attenuation; In order to get rid of the influence of channel relevancy to the mimo system bit error rate, the precoding algorithm requires shorter time accumulative rainfall strength information; Through the space environment background radiation noise temperature that the millimere-wave band microwave radiometer is monitored, binding site precipitation rate measurement data can be studied the equivalent path Changing Pattern of electromagnetic signal through rainfall or snowfall environment; Time series through the monitoring point rate of rainall; In conjunction with the equivalent path model; Can be used for analyzing the decline dynamic rule of sequence of rain, set up the rain dynamic perfromance forecasting model that declines, for the adaptive power control technology provides according to also can be used for analyzing mimo channel dynamic perfromance rule; Precipitation rate time space distribution character also has important meaning or the like for research rain born of the same parents structure, cloud cluster internal structure change process.
The Chinese invention patent that the patent No. is 200410084747.6, name is called sessile drop method capacitance rainfall recorder metering method and device discloses a kind of rainfall device; This device comprises rain receiver funnel and the choker-line that is connected rain receiver funnel lower end; Installation site sensor and capacitive transducer successively below choker-line; The delivery outlet of position transducer directly connects the input port of signal processing unit, and the delivery outlet of capacitive transducer is connected with signal processing unit through converter.This device adopts throttle style to make rainwater convert the vertical drop drop into, utilizes drop to change capacitive transducer economize on electricity coefficient, through measuring each droplet size, draws corresponding rainfall.But this device is owing to adopt the choker-line design, thereby choker-line itself very easily stops up and causes the metering mistake easily.
The patent No. is 200610019234.6, name is called the disclosed a kind of rain gage of a kind of udometric Chinese invention patent; It comprises rain trap, capacitive liquid level sensor and signal processing circuit; Rain trap is provided with rising pipe; Electric control valve is set on the rising pipe, and the input end of motorized adjustment valve controling circuit and control end join with signal processing circuit, output terminal links to each other with the control end of electric control valve.This rain gage converts rainwater liquid level conversion in the rain trap into electric signal through the capacitive liquid level sensor; This electric signal offers signal processing circuit; Signal processing circuit is calculated rainfall amount according to the aperture of liquid level rise or whereabouts rate controlled electric control valve in the rain trap by the aperture of liquid level change speed and electric control valve.This rain gage adopts the dynamic measurement mode to estimate rainfall, but for small rain, precision is lower.
Application number is 201010147427.6, name is called the udometric Chinese invention patent application of a kind of digital control type and discloses a kind of rain gage; It comprises raingauge receiver, test barrel, is arranged on sensor, reference test bar, drag rope, pulley, stepper motor and center processor in the test barrel; Though this rain gage has improved on range a lot; But complex structure, mechanical drive is too much, has the deficiency that parts are easy to wear, repair rate is high, maintenance cost is high, measuring accuracy is low.
The raindrop spectrometer of present various models costs an arm and a leg, and data need directly be sent to independently computer and handle and store, so be not suitable for the measurement of arranging of interim multiple spot, is not suitable for providing space-time high resolving power rainfall/water information.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the collection metering method that a kind of level measuring method that utilizes conductive liquid is measured quantity of precipitation and precipitation rate.
Another object of the present invention provides the collection metering units that uses on a kind of rain gage, and this collection metering units adopts the level measuring method of conductive liquid to carry out the metering of precipitation information.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of accurate measurement, rain gage simple in structure, and these rain gage parts are few, do not have motion structure, do not need long-time maintenance, and cost is lower, is more suitable for arranging in interim multiple spot, and the measurement data of high spatial resolution is provided.
In order to realize above-mentioned first purpose, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of precipitation information acquisition metering method; Collect precipitation and precipitation is got in the precipitation collector by rain trap; The precipitation collector is provided with the metering circuit plate of vertically arranging, the metering circuit plate is provided with shift register and sender pin, and the metering pin of shift register equi-spaced apart is from top to bottom arranged; Metering pin and sender pin stretch in this precipitation collector, and the metering pin of sender pin and bottommost is positioned at precipitation collector inner bottom surface and on same surface level; Electric signal through to the metering pin detects metering, draws current quantity of precipitation and precipitation rate, and wherein, said detection metrology steps is following:
When a, metering beginning, the sender pin is exported a modulating pulse electric signal;
B, metering pin detect electric signal in turn, and send detected electric signal to shift register;
C, shift register send the electric signal that collects on the controller microprocessor; Microprocessor compares identification with the modulating pulse electric signal that the sender pin is exported respectively with the electric signal that receives; To judge the whether true conducting of metering pin; Add up the quantity of the metering pin that is switched on then, calculate the actual quantity of precipitation H in i integral time according to formula (1)
i:
H
i＝{[(h
i-h
i-1)×s]/S
1}×S (1)
H in the formula (1)
iLiquid level when being i secondary data record in the precipitation collector, i>=1, h
I-1Liquid level when being i-1 secondary data record in the precipitation collector, s is the inner core floorage of precipitation collector, S
1Be effective collective area of rain trap, S is the cross-sectional area of international standard measuring vessel, and S is 100 π cm
2
Liquid level h during i secondary data record in the precipitation collector
iCalculate according to formula (2):
h
i＝l×q
i (2)
L in the formula (2) is the spacing between adjacent metering pin, q
iThe quantity of the metering pin that is switched on when being the i time record data;
Calculate the precipitation rate R in i integral time according to formula (3)
i:
R
i＝(H
i/τ)×60 (3)
τ in the formula (3) is the integral time of setting;
Can calculate the actual rainfall amount H of this rainfall incident according to formula (4):
H＝∑H
i (4)。
Method of the present invention is exported a modulating pulse electric signal by the sender pin; Receive and identify electric signal by the metering pin, because glassware for drinking water has electric conductivity, after rainwater gets in the precipitation collector; The metering pin that is in the place that water is arranged will be switched on; Because the spacing between the metering pin is known, the quantity that only need count the metering pin that is switched on can obtain the liquid level in the precipitation collector, thus the quantity of precipitation of calculating and precipitation rate information; The inventive method step is simple, have anti-interference, be convenient to detect, advantage that measuring accuracy is high.Can find out from precipitation rate of the present invention, quantity of precipitation method; Rain gage based on precipitation rate of the present invention, quantity of precipitation collecting unit; Also can be in use through adjusting, change effective collective area of rain trap easily, sensitivity and precision are measured in adjustment, raising.
In order to realize above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention takes following technical solution:
Gather metering units, comprise the rain trap, water inlet adapter, precipitation collector and the adapter of drawing water that are linked in sequence, water inlet is taken over and is drawn water to take over solenoid valve is installed, and the precipitation collector is provided with the metering circuit plate of vertical placement; Be disposed with a plurality of shift registers on the metering circuit plate from top to bottom, the metering pin of shift register vertically equi-spaced apart is arranged on the metering circuit plate and stretches in the precipitation collector; Metering circuit plate bottom is provided with a sender pin, and the sender pin stretches in the precipitation collector and is positioned at precipitation collector inner bottom surface position, and sender pin and the metering pin that is positioned at metering circuit plate bottommost are on same surface level.
Collection metering units of the present invention is through being provided with the metering circuit plate of shift register on the precipitation collector; Metering pin vertically equi-spaced apart is arranged and is extended in the precipitation collector; Produce the modulating pulse electric signal through the sender pin; Because the electric conductivity of water; The metering pin that is flooded by rainwater in the precipitation collector (or melt after snow-broth) is switched on the back and produces electric signal, and the quantity of the metering pin that is switched on through statistics can obtain liquid level in the precipitation collector, thereby calculates rainfall amount.A whole set of metering units adopts digital circuit entirely, and no mimic channel and simulating signal do not have mechanical moving component, has avoided many, the easy losses of parts and has been subject to interference, and then influenced the problem appearance of measuring accuracy.
In order to realize above-mentioned the 3rd purpose, the present invention takes following technical solution:
Rain gage comprises: casing; Be arranged at the unwatering pump on the casing; The drainpipe that is communicated with unwatering pump, the drainpipe outlet end is positioned at outside the casing; Be arranged at inductive switch, input media, display and controller on the casing; Casing is provided with the collection metering units that at least 2 covers have the precipitation collector of different inner core floorages, and the rain trap of gathering metering units is positioned at the casing top, and the adapter of drawing water of gathering metering units links to each other with unwatering pump.
Rain gage of the present invention is gathered metering units through at least 2 covers are set; For example 2～4 covers are gathered metering units, and the precipitation collector inner bottom surface radius (being the inner core floorage) that every cover is gathered metering units has nothing in common with each other, and the precipitation collector that the inner bottom surface radius is big is applicable to the metering of precipitation rate/amount when raining heavyly; The metering of the precipitation rate/amount when the precipitation collector that the inner bottom surface radius is little is applicable to light rain; Controller can effectively reduce error in dipping, simultaneously according to automatically the record data of precipitation collector being write storage card or transmission the integral time of setting; The multi-group data of the metering units record that many covers are different averages metering, also can improve measuring accuracy.Rain gage volume of the present invention is little, in light weight, simple in structure, it is low in energy consumption to be easy to carry, to work, and measuring accuracy is high, is more suitable in the measurement of arranging according to concrete scientific research, the interim multiple spot of teaching task.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the side view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the precipitation collector of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the precipitation collector of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the precipitation collector of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the rain trap of the embodiment of the invention 6;
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of Fig. 8.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and each embodiment to further explain of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
To shown in Figure 4, the rain gage of present embodiment comprises gathers metering units 1, unwatering pump 2, supply unit 3, drainpipe 4, dehumidifying fan 5, casing 6, input media 7, display 8, controller 9, GSM and gps antenna 10, inductive switch 11 like Fig. 1.Wherein, gathering metering units 1 is made up of rain trap 1-1, water inlet adapter 1-2, normally open solenoid valve 1-3, precipitation collector 1-4, normally closed solenoid valve 1-5, the adapter 1-6 that draws water.The rain gage of present embodiment is provided with two covers and gathers metering units 1; The capacity of precipitation collector 1-4 in each collection metering units 1 is different; Be small one and large one, in addition, the modular construction that every cover is gathered in the metering units is basic identical; In the explanation of following examples, the identical parts of gathering in the metering units all use identical label.
With reference to Fig. 1; Casing 6 is the installation main body of present embodiment; All parts are installed on the casing 6, are provided with suspension ring 60 (Fig. 2) in the upper left corner of casing 6 each side, and suspension ring 60 are used for tether; The other end of rope fixes on the ground, even can guarantee thus that rain gage uses under severe weather conditions can overturning yet.Below to gather metering units with a cover be that example describes; Rain trap 1-1 is installed in the top of casing 6; Rain trap 1-1 roughly is infundibulate; The top of funnel is an annulus sleeve, collects rainwater by rain trap 1-1 during metering, and the annulus sleeve at top can be avoided influencing measuring accuracy owing to rainwater drips to spatter between the adjacent rain trap.Rain trap 1-1 lower end is connected with into water adapter 1-2; Water inlet is taken on the 1-2 normally open solenoid valve 1-3 is installed; Water inlet is taken over the 1-2 below and is provided with precipitation collector 1-4; Precipitation collector 1-4 takes over 1-2 with water inlet and is connected, and is taken among the 1-2 entering precipitation collector 1-4 through water inlet by the rainwater (snow-broth that perhaps forms after the snowfall thawing) that rain trap 1-1 collects.Precipitation collector 1-4 outer wall is provided with the metering circuit plate 1-7 of vertical placement, and promptly metering circuit plate 1-7 is parallel to the longitudinal centre line setting of precipitation collector 1-4.On metering circuit plate 1-7, be furnished with a plurality of shift register 1-8; The metering pin 1-9 of shift register 1-8 vertically equi-spaced apart is arranged on the metering circuit plate 1-7; And stretch in the precipitation collector 1-4; Metering pin 1-9 contacts with the interior liquid phase of precipitation collector 1-4, and the metering pin 1-9 of bottommost is positioned at precipitation collector 1-4 inner bottom surface position.The height of the height of metering circuit plate 1-7 and precipitation collector 1-4 adapts, so that metering pin 1-9 is arranged in the measures range of precipitation collector 1-4.Shift register 1-8 is used to gather the electric signal that is transmitted by metering pin 1-9, and shift register 1-8 adopts in the present embodiment is that the model of Maxim Integrated Products is the shift register of MAX7301.Be furnished with a sender pin 1-10 in metering circuit plate 1-7 bottom, sender pin 1-10 stretches in the precipitation collector 1-4, and sender pin 1-10 links to each other with microprocessor on the controller 9.The metering pin 1-9 that sender pin 1-10 is positioned at precipitation collector 1-4 inner bottom surface position and is positioned at bottommost is on same surface level.Spacing of respectively measuring between pin 1-9 of the present invention is pre-designed; When in the precipitation collector 1-4 water being arranged; Can conducting from precipitation collector 1-4 inner bottom surface to the metering pin 1-9 the liquid level; Equidistantly combine the number of the metering pin of the conducting of measuring according to preset, promptly know the liquid level that precipitation collector 1-4 is interior.Precipitation collector 1-4 bottom is provided with to draw water takes over 1-6; The adapter 1-6 that draws water is provided with normally closed solenoid valve 1-5; Draw water and take over that 1-6 one end is connected with precipitation collector 1-4, the other end be installed in casing 6 interior unwatering pumps 2 and be connected; Unwatering pump 2 is provided with drainpipe 4, and the outlet of drainpipe 4 is positioned at outside the casing 6, is used for the rainwater of gathering is discharged.The structure and the connected mode of the parts of the another set of collection metering units that is provided with on the rain gage are all identical; In like manner; When cover had the collection metering units 1 of the precipitation collector 1-4 of different capabilities more than will being provided with on the rain gage, the structure of its parts and connected mode were also identical.
As a preferred version of the present invention; Present embodiment casing 6 is provided with dehumidifying fan 5, is provided with humidity sensor 11 in the casing 6, when the data from humidity sensor 11 that receive when controller 9 are higher than preset value; Then controller 9 startup dehumidifying fans 5 are started working; To guarantee casing 6 inner dryings, prevent that element is impaired because of humidity, thereby prolong component life.In addition; Also be provided with GSM and gps antenna 10 at casing 6 tops; Controller 9 correspondences are provided with wireless communication module and GPS module, and wireless communication module can be set up wireless network through GSM antenna and data center platform and be connected, and detects the wireless transmission of data and control signal.
During metering, the normally open solenoid valve 1-3 that water inlet is taken on the 1-2 is an open mode, and maintenance can be intake; In the metering process, when rainwater reached setting threshold in the precipitation collector 1-4, controller 9 cut out normally open solenoid valve 1-3; Rainwater can not get in the precipitation collector 1-4 between drainage period, the normally closed solenoid valve 1-5 that takes on the 1-6 that draws water is opened, and startup unwatering pump 2 is started working; Rapidly rainwater in the precipitation collector 1-4 is discharged through unwatering pump 2, after draining finishes, close normally closed solenoid valve 1-5; Again open normally open solenoid valve 1-3, the rainwater of collecting in the rain trap 1-1 between drainage period is got among the precipitation collector 1-4, continue metering process.
Metering method of the present invention is following:
Taking over the 1-2 entering by the rainwater (snow-broth after perhaps melting) of rain trap 1-1 collection through water inlet is provided with among the precipitation collector 1-4 of metering circuit plate 1-7; Metering circuit plate 1-7 is provided with shift register 1-8 and sender pin 1-10; The metering pin 1-9 of shift register 1-8 and sender pin 1-10 stretch in the precipitation collector 1-4, detect metering through the electric signal to metering pin 1-9, draw current quantity of precipitation and precipitation rate; Wherein, this detection metrology steps is following:
When a, metering beginning, sender pin 1-10 exports a modulating pulse electric signal;
B, metering pin 1-9 detect electric signal in turn; Because water has electric conductivity; After rainwater got into precipitation collector 1-4, the modulating pulse electric signal of sender pin 1-10 output made between metering pin 1-9 and sender pin 1-10 and produces electric current through the coupling of conductive liquid in the precipitation collector 1-4; Metering pin 1-9 is switched on, and sends detected electric signal to shift register 1-8;
C, shift register 1-8 send the electric signal that collects on the controller 9 microprocessor; Microprocessor compares identification with the modulating pulse electric signal that sender pin 1-10 exports respectively with the electric signal that receives; To judge whether true conducting of metering pin 1-9; Add up the quantity of the metering pin 1-9 that is switched on then, calculate the actual quantity of precipitation H in i integral time according to formula (1)
i:
H
i＝{[(h
i-h
i-1)×s]/S
1}×S (1)
H in the formula (1)
iLiquid level when being i secondary data record in the precipitation collector, i>=1, h
I-1Liquid level when being i-1 secondary data record in the precipitation collector, s is the inner core floorage of precipitation collector, S
1Be effective collective area of rain trap, usually S
1＞S, S are the cross-sectional area of international standard measuring vessel, S=100 π cm
2, when record start the initial value of liquid level be 0, the first integral time period is the 1st record, and the like because inductive switch is selected to begin automatically to measure and when finishing to measure, can forced drainage once, so initial liquid level is 0;
Liquid level h during i secondary data record in the precipitation collector
iCalculate according to formula (2):
h
i＝l×q
i (2)
L in the formula (2) is the spacing between adjacent metering pin, q
iThe quantity of the metering pin that is switched on when being the i time record data, in the unused time interval of starting shooting, the pin number cycle index; For example: total N of metering circuit plate effectively measures pin; As detect draining once, then k pin on the metering circuit plate is designated as 1 * N+k, as detects draining twice; Then k pin on the metering circuit plate is designated as 2 * N+k, and the like;
Calculate the precipitation rate R in i integral time according to formula (3)
i:
R
i＝(H
i/τ)×60 (3)
The integral time of τ in the formula (3) for setting can draw the rate of rainall sequence that τ distributes integral time according to formula (3), and the more little then temporal resolution of τ is high more;
Can calculate the actual quantity of precipitation H of this rainfall incident according to formula (4):
H＝∑H
i (4)。
Can find out from method of the present invention, based on the rain gage of the inventive method, can be in use through adjusting, change effective collective area S of rain trap
1(promptly changing the rain trap that varies in size at any time according to the rainfall situation) used the precipitation collector of different inner core floorage s, thereby adjustment, improves and measure sensitivity and precision, and the spacing l when between metering pin 1-9 more hour, and the result of metering is accurate more.
As shown in Figure 5; Present embodiment is with embodiment 1 different place: see that from vertical view 1-2 and precipitation collector 1-4 inscribe is mutually taken in water inlet, i.e. the round inscribe mutually of end face of bottom surface circle and the precipitation collector 1-4 of 1-2 is taken in water inlet; Make the into outlet of water adapter 1-2 paste the inwall of precipitation collector 1-4; It is dirty that the current that the adapter 1-2 of intaking thus discharges can paste the madial wall of precipitation collector 1-4, can reduce evoking of spray like this, avoids causing measuring error.
As shown in Figure 6, be the structural representation of the precipitation collector 1-4 of the embodiment of the invention 2.Present embodiment is with embodiment 1 different place, is furnished with the metering pin 1-9 that vertically arranges that two row are parallel to each other on the metering circuit plate 1-7, and metering pin 1-9 equi-spaced apart is arranged.Reason in that biserial metering pin 1-9 is set on the metering circuit plate 1-7 is: when rain gage is placed on the uneven plane; Liquid level is not to be parallel to surface level in the precipitation collector 1-4, liquid level occur easily when tilting metering pin 1-9 actual contact to liquid level be not real liquid level, thereby deviation appears; And when biserial metering pin is set; Can get the par of two row metering pins during metering, can avoid deviation, help improving measuring accuracy.
As shown in Figure 7; Present embodiment is with embodiment 3 different places: metering circuit plate 1-7 goes up the two row metering pin 1-9 that are provided with and is relatively arranged on the precipitation collector 1-4 sidewall; Promptly a row metering pin 1-9 is relative with another row metering pin 1-9, is arranged on the sidewall of precipitation collector 1-4, can guarantee thus regardless of rain gage toward which tilt; Can both draw the quantity of the metering pin 1-9 that is switched on exactly, guarantee the accuracy of metering.
Present embodiment is with embodiment 1 different place: on the back side of rain trap 1-1 and precipitation collector 1-4 outer wall, be provided with heating arrangement; Like resistance wire etc.; This heating arrangement is fixed through the mode of bonding, and casing 6 is provided with temperature sensor, when the temperature that the temperature sensor that receives when the microprocessor of controller 9 transmits is lower than setting value; Can start heating arrangement heats; Prevent to freeze, rain trap 1-1 can be used to collect the water by after the thawing of the snowflake of instant heating thus, is used to avenge the quantity of precipitation of weather and the measurement of precipitation rate.
Like Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9; Present embodiment is with embodiment 1 different place: the consistent raised line a of a plurality of centerline directions of processing and rain trap generatrix direction on the inwall of rain trap 1-1; Be provided with and form guide groove between the adjacent raised line a at interval; Raised line a (or guide groove) is set on rain trap 1-1 inwall, can destroys the surface tension of water droplet, impel the snow-broth after the rainwater of collecting perhaps melts in time to leave rain trap 1-1; Take over entering precipitation collector through water inlet, guarantee to provide the precipitation information of high time resolution.Rain trap 1-1 adopts the plug formula to connect simultaneously, quickly and easily the suitable rain trap of replacement port footpath area.
Can know that by above technical scheme the present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and good effect:
Collection metering units of the present invention adopts the pure digi-tal design; The signal that has reduced under the various complex environments disturbs; And than mimic channel metering units such as common capacitance-grid type or voltage resistance formulas, the metering pin of equidistantly arranging does not in use need to calibrate again.
The preferred wireless transmission method that adopts has reduced the past by staff's hand-kept continuous data workload of reported data step by step, avoided data in reporting process because the error that human factor causes, and make data have higher real-time and accuracy.
The GPS module is set in the controller; But the timing synchronization sytem clock makes a plurality of measurement point time synchronized, below error 1 microsecond; And write the metering longitude and latitude; Guarantee the real-time and the accuracy of data, when carrying out the metering of multiple spot rainfall amount, guarantee time shaft accurately and the geographic position accurately have great Practical significance.And GPS can provide each measurement point spatial geographic information, through the measurement of flexibly, flexibly arranging, the precipitation rate information of high time, spatial resolution can be provided.
Data storage cell preferably adopts storage cards such as SD card, TF card, supports hot plug, and the cost performance high power capacity is big and read or write speed is fast; Be difficult for affected by environmently, under the situation that does not have wireless GSM base station, store data separately; When the GSM signal is arranged; Previously stored Various types of data is sent, also can be kept former data, be particularly useful for field environment even send failure.
Supply unit adopts high-power high capacity polymer lithium battery, and can change reserve battery quickly and easily, is more suitable for open-air long-time unmanned work.
Certainly; Above embodiment is only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described but not to its restriction; Although with reference to the foregoing description the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation, the those of ordinary skill in affiliated field should be appreciated that still can specific embodiments of the invention makes amendment or is equal to replacement; And do not break away from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed among the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. precipitation information acquisition metering method; Collect precipitation and precipitation is got in the precipitation collector by rain trap; It is characterized in that: said precipitation collector is provided with the metering circuit plate of vertically arranging; Said metering circuit plate is provided with shift register and sender pin; The metering pin of said shift register equi-spaced apart is from top to bottom arranged, and said metering pin and sender pin stretch in the said precipitation collector, and the metering pin of sender pin and bottommost is positioned at precipitation collector inner bottom surface and on same surface level; Electric signal through to the metering pin detects metering, draws current quantity of precipitation and precipitation rate, and wherein, said detection metrology steps is following:
When a, metering beginning, the sender pin is exported a modulating pulse electric signal;
B, metering pin detect electric signal in turn, and send detected electric signal to shift register;
C, shift register send the electric signal that collects on the controller microprocessor; Microprocessor compares identification with the modulating pulse electric signal that the sender pin is exported respectively with the electric signal that receives; To judge the whether true conducting of metering pin; And the quantity of adding up the metering pin that is switched on, calculate the actual quantity of precipitation H in i integral time according to formula (1)
i:
H
i＝{[(h
i-h
i-1)×s]/S
1}×S (1)
H in the formula (1)
iLiquid level when being i secondary data record in the precipitation collector, i>=1, h
I-1Liquid level when being i-1 secondary data record in the precipitation collector, s is the inner core floorage of precipitation collector, S
1Be effective collective area of rain trap, S is the cross-sectional area of international standard measuring vessel, S=100 π cm
2
Liquid level h during i secondary data record in the precipitation collector
iCalculate according to formula (2):
h
i＝l×q
i (2)
L in the formula (2) is the spacing between adjacent metering pin, q
iThe quantity of the metering pin that is switched on when being the i time record data;
Calculate the precipitation rate R in i integral time according to formula (3)
i:
R
i＝(H
i/τ)×60 (3)
τ in the formula (3) is the integral time of setting;
Can calculate the actual rainfall amount H of this rainfall incident according to formula (4):
H＝∑H
i (4)。
2. the collection metering units comprises the rain trap, water inlet adapter, precipitation collector and the adapter of drawing water that are linked in sequence, and said water inlet is taken over and drawn water to take over solenoid valve is installed, and it is characterized in that:
Said precipitation collector is provided with the metering circuit plate of vertical placement;
Be disposed with a plurality of shift registers from top to bottom on the said metering circuit plate, the metering pin of said shift register vertically equi-spaced apart is arranged on the said metering circuit plate and stretches in the said precipitation collector;
Said metering circuit plate bottom is provided with a sender pin; Said sender pin stretches in the said precipitation collector and is positioned at said precipitation collector inner bottom surface position, and said sender pin and the metering pin that is positioned at metering circuit plate bottommost are on same surface level.
3. collection metering units according to claim 2 is characterized in that: a plurality of centerline directions raised line consistent with the rain trap generatrix direction is set on the inwall of said rain trap at interval.
4. collection metering units according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the solenoid valve on said water inlet is taken over is a normally open solenoid valve.
5. collection metering units according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the said solenoid valve that draws water on taking over is a normally closed solenoid valve.
6. collection metering units according to claim 2 is characterized in that: be furnished with the metering pin of vertically arranging that two row are parallel to each other on the said metering circuit plate, said metering pin equi-spaced apart is arranged.
7. collection metering units according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the two row metering pins that are provided with on the said metering circuit plate are relatively arranged on the precipitation collector sidewall.
8. collection metering units according to claim 2 is characterized in that: bottom surface circle that said water inlet is taken over and the round inscribe mutually of the end face of said precipitation collector.
9. be provided with rain gage, comprise like each described collection metering units of claim 2 to 8:
Casing;
Be arranged at the unwatering pump on the said casing;
With the drainpipe that said unwatering pump is communicated with, said drainpipe outlet end is positioned at outside the said casing;
Be arranged at inductive switch, input media, display and controller on the said casing;
Said casing is provided with the collection metering units that at least 2 covers have the precipitation collector of different inner core floorages, and the rain trap of said collection metering units is positioned at said casing top, and the said adapter of drawing water links to each other with said unwatering pump.
10. rain gage according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the back side of said rain trap and precipitation collector outer wall are provided with heating arrangement, and casing is provided with temperature sensor.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110264376 CN102323628B (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2011-09-07 | Rainfall information acquiring and metering method and unit, and rainfall meter |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110264376 CN102323628B (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2011-09-07 | Rainfall information acquiring and metering method and unit, and rainfall meter |
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| CN102323628B CN102323628B (en) | 2013-05-01 |
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| CN105004646A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-10-28 | 南京林业大学 | Indoor artificial rainfall-simulation testing system |
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| CN105004646A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-10-28 | 南京林业大学 | Indoor artificial rainfall-simulation testing system |
| CN108474867A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-08-31 | 釜庆大学校产学协力团 | High resolution precipitation amount data recovery system and its method |
| CN106482660A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-03-08 | 杭州桐森信息技术有限公司 | Snow depth detection means |
| CN106996852A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-01 | 苏州科技大学 | Salt fog test system |
| CN108061926A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-22 | 淮阴师范学院 | For carrying out the intelligent multi-function platform and system of hydrologic monitoring in path stream |
| CN108330656A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-07-27 | 上海康斐信息技术有限公司 | A kind of intelligent scene rain-proof wind sheltering clothes hanger and its control method |
| CN108732650A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-02 | 刘航邑 | Automatically controlled cylinder type digital intelligent rain gauge |
| CN108732650B (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2020-11-06 | 刘航邑 | Electric control measuring cylinder type digital intelligent rainfall gauge |
| CN109143414A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-04 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of anti-freeze type rainfall gauge and control method based on infrared distance measurement |
| CN108845379A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-11-20 | 王悦钰 | A kind of anti-sundries rain gauge of dedicated volume cylinder vaporization prevention of water conservancy |
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| CN109143415A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-04 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of flood-discharge atomizing rainfall Stereometric device and method |
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