CN102318522A - Intermittent greenhouse light complementing system with automatic moving light source - Google Patents
Intermittent greenhouse light complementing system with automatic moving light source Download PDFInfo
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- CN102318522A CN102318522A CN201110226107A CN201110226107A CN102318522A CN 102318522 A CN102318522 A CN 102318522A CN 201110226107 A CN201110226107 A CN 201110226107A CN 201110226107 A CN201110226107 A CN 201110226107A CN 102318522 A CN102318522 A CN 102318522A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intermittent greenhouse light complementing system with an automatic moving light source, and belongs to agricultural equipment. The light complementing system comprises a guide beam and a transmission device which are horizontally arranged in a greenhouse, and an electric light source device which is suspended on the guide beam and moves through a traveling wheel; the transmission device comprises a motor, two pulleys, and a transmission rope arranged between the two pulleys and connected with the electric light source device; sensors are arranged at two ends of the guide beam; and the sensors and the motor are in communication connection with a microprocessor respectively. The movable intermittent light complementing system ensures green and safe production of greenhouse plants and meets plant requirements; when light complement is not needed, the electric light source can be moved below the roof of the north slope, so that the plants are prevented from being shaded; the system is flexible in operation and convenient to control; and the system is compact in structure and convenient for detachment, movement and assembly, and is suitable for planting plants of different regions, different varieties and different greenhouse types.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural equipment, relate in particular to the greenhouse intermittent light filling system that a kind of light source is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically.
Background technology
Light not only provides higher plant photosynthesis required energy, simultaneously also is the signal of regulating plant photomorphogenesis, photoperiodic reaction and regulating the important vital movement of plant such as inherent biological clock rhythm.In recent years, the greenhouse culture development is rapid, the extensive attention of luminous environment regulation and control having caused of plant growing.In area, the southern Yangtze river basin; Before the November to the Spring Festival in every year was the critical period that hothouse plants grow during this period of time, but this period, also this area was overcast and rainy continuously few according to the period that takes place frequently just, general annual 2～4 times continuous overcast and rainy few according to weather of all can taking place; Each time that continues is generally at 10～15 days; Even reach more than 20 days, it is not enough to cause illumination to continue, and hothouse plants is caused have a strong impact on.It also is the main restricting factor of northern area winter greenhouse plant production that illumination continues deficiency.Northern area is cold winter; Night, insulation was the matter of utmost importance in northern greenhouse, and in the actual production, generally 4 o'clock just must be added a cover straw screen or mat in the afternoon; To 9 o'clock of morning next day, just open straw screen or mat; This directly causes the shortening of lighting delay number, and illumination every day only has about 6h, can not satisfy the demand of plant photosynthesis growth to lighting delay number.For overcoming problem and the obstacle that the natural lighting deficiency causes, reduce the loss, the chamber planting person mainly depends on the input of chemicalss such as hormone and agricultural chemicals, but the quality of agricultural product that is caused thus descends and food-safety problem causes people's attention and uneasiness.Therefore, rationally, scientifically carry out artificial light filling and in the hothouse plants process of growth, seem particularly important.
Existing research shows, adopts intermittent light filling can promote plant growing to plant, flower bud differentiation, and improved photosynthetic efficiency.Because at occurring in nature; It is not what continue that plant receives illumination; Intensity of illumination also has corresponding variation by different time, so in current production process, light filling fixed, permanently strong degree is not a kind of method desirable, the suitable biology rule of plant own.
At present; Adopting the electric light source light filling is the latest development direction of the modern cultivation of chamber facility; But existing light filling system all is traditional fixed; Be about to the top that electric light source is fixedly mounted in the greenhouse plant is implemented light filling, this way can not satisfy physiology and the rhythm and pace of moving things demand of plant to the light filling illumination in fact.
Patent application about the plant growing light compensating apparatus is more, as Chinese patent " plant growing control device " with large-power light-emitting diodes light source (application number: 200410051074.4) but the plant growing control device that to disclose a kind of great power LED with appropriate wavelength be light source monitoring environment temperature; United States Patent (USP) " Lighting apparatus capable of adjusting light quality, duty ratio and frequency in a plant growth chamber using light emitting diodes " (applying date: 2011-04-13 and for example; Publication number: US20010047618) disclose a kind of multilayer frame plant growing device of the tunable optical density based on red, blue led light source; Chinese patent " plant cultivation method, cultivating device and its lighting apparatus " (application number: CN01814349.0) disclose a kind of by cultivation tray, cultivation tray transfer equipment and be positioned at the plant cultivating device that the LED lighting apparatus of transfer equipment top constitutes; But what this patent was stressed is the structure and the materials used of device, does not carry out respective description to the light filling demand of booth plant.Above documents is the creationary plant cultivating device that is applied to of LED, but still carries out light filling with fixed electric light source, and cost drops into high, and energy resource consumption is high, does not also relate to and satisfies intermittence and the variable regulation and control demand of plant to illumination.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide the greenhouse intermittent light filling system that a kind of light source is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically, when saving cost and energy consumption, satisfy the demand of booth implants to illumination.
Technical scheme: be to realize above-mentioned purpose, the intermittent light filling in the greenhouse that a kind of light source of the present invention is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically system comprises that level is located at guide beam and the transmission device in the greenhouse, and the electric light source device that is suspended to guide beam and moves through road wheel; Said transmission device comprises motor, two pulleys, and is located between two pulleys and the transmission rope that links to each other with electric light source device; Said guide beam two ends are provided with sensor; Said sensor, motor are connected with microprocessor communication respectively, and said microprocessor is used for confirming current state and controls the round light filling that carries out of drive of motor electric light source device stepping.
Said guide beam is the track that is provided with groove, and said road wheel is located in the groove and is connected with electric light source device through hanger bar.As further optimization of the present invention, said road wheel has two, and the front and back of suspending electric light source device in midair is set respectively; Said two road wheels respectively are connected with electric light source device through two hanger bar, can make the electric light source device that is hanging have stability preferably like this.Wherein, said hanger bar can stretch, thereby the height of adjusting electric light source device is to adapt to the variation of plant growing height.
As replacement scheme of the present invention, said guide beam is a guide line or a guide post, and said road wheel is provided with concave surface, is installed on guide line or the guide post to move.
Said electric light source device is one or more of Metal halogen lamp, fluorescent lamp, sodium vapor lamp, LED plant growth lamp, and wherein, the LED plant growth lamp comprises red, blue LED plant growth lamp.
Said sensor is used for the extreme position at sensing guide beam two ends, and sends signal to controller.
Said motor is a servomotor; The control pulley rotates with different angular speed under the control of microprocessor; Thereby drive two transmission ropes between the pulley, transmission rope is connected with electric light source device, and electric light source device is moved; And electric light source device is suspended on through road wheel and can reduces moving resistance under the guide beam, increases system sensitivity.
As replacement scheme of the present invention, said pulley is a sheave, and said transmission rope is the transmission wirerope.
The greenhouse that a kind of light source provided by the invention is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically intermittent light filling system moves through the driven by motor electric light source device and carries out light filling; The displacement of the sensor feedback electric light source device through being located at the guide beam two ends; When electric light source device moved an end, the sensor that is in electric light source device one end sent signal to microprocessor, and microprocessor sends reverse signal to motor again; Thereby make electric light source device stepping on guide beam come and go translation, realize intermittence, rhythmicity light filling plant.When not needing light filling, electric light source device is moved under the greenhouse north slope roofing in drive of motor, avoids the plant shading.This light filling scheme has greatly been saved expending of energy and resource, and more helps plant growing.
Said microprocessor is carried out following steps:
(1) preserves the running parameter of importing;
(2) call running parameter and the system mode of preservation and showing;
(3) position signalling that sends of pick-up transducers, and call running parameter and be scaled control parameter θ together;
(4) the control motor is with certain frequency output control parameter θ.
Wherein, the unit of θ is a radian, i.e. the angle that the each pulse of servomotor is rotated.Can realize control through frequency converter regulating impulse frequency to servomotor speed.When electric light source device moved to two ends, microprocessor collected the signal that sensor sends and makes the motor counter-rotating, can realize the round light filling of electric light source device.
Said control parameter
Wherein, T
1And T
2Be light filling rhythm and pace of moving things parameter, unit is second, T
1The light filling time of representing a certain station, T
2The non-light filling time of representing this station, T
1＜T
2L is the electric light source total kilometres, and unit is a rice; R is the pulley radius, and unit is a rice; ω is a motor angular velocity, and unit is a radian per second.
The present invention also comprises keyboard, display, is connected with microprocessor communication, and keyboard is used for to the microprocessor input working parameter, and display is used for the running parameter and the system mode that show that microprocessor is preserved.
Because the output signal of microprocessor is a weak signal, as further optimization of the present invention, the present invention also comprises relay and A.C. contactor, relay control A.C. contactor break-make, again by the break-make of A.C. contactor control motor with turn to.
As further optimization of the present invention, the present invention also comprises several electric light source devices, a guide beam of each electric light source device collocation, two pulleys, a transmission rope, and the plant in the corresponding delegation greenhouse is realized the light filling to whole booth implants.
Beneficial effect: the invention provides a kind of light filling of automation cheaply system; Guarantee green, the safety in production of hothouse plants; And the portable intermittent light filling that is suitable for plant demand system is provided, and when not needing light filling, can electric light source be moved to and avoid under the north slope roofing the plant shading; The present invention can regulate intensity of illumination and control parameter according to different plants, plant different growing stages, flexible operation, and control is convenient, to obtain maximum light filling effect; Whole system is simple for structure, is convenient to dismounting, moves and assembling, is applicable to the plant planting of different regions, different plant, different greenhouses type.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system construction drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the partial structurtes sketch map of road wheel of the present invention and electric light source device;
Fig. 4 is the FB(flow block) of microprocessor processes.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done explanation further.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3; 1 two ends are equipped with guide beam 2 and transmission device in the greenhouse; Be fixed on the skeleton of booth 1; Transmission device is made up of servomotor 5, two pulleys 6, transmission ropes 7, and two pulleys 6 are installed in 1 two ends, greenhouse through pulley spindle 13, are provided with transmission rope 7 between the pulley 6.Guide beam 2 is for being provided with the track of groove; Be provided with two road wheels 3 in the groove; The roller shaft 11 of two road wheels 3 hangs on the below through scalable hanger bar 10 with electric light source device 4, and electric light source device 4 front and back also are connected with transmission rope 7 through two connecting rods 12 simultaneously.Electric light source device 4 is provided with the Metal halogen lamp of 6 single lamp power 250W.Be provided with sensor 8 at guide beam 2 two ends, sensor 8, servomotor 5 are connected with microprocessor 9 communications respectively, and said microprocessor 9 is used for confirming current state and controlling servomotor 5 transmission electric light source devices 4 and carry out light filling.Microprocessor 9 adopts the STM32F103Cortex-M3 chip, and adds relay and A.C. contactor control break-make in the line.
As shown in Figure 4, microprocessor is carried out following steps:
(1) system initialization;
(2) preserve the running parameter of importing;
(3) call running parameter and the system mode of preservation and showing;
(4) position signalling that sends of pick-up transducers, and call running parameter and be scaled control parameter θ together;
(5) the control motor is with certain frequency output control parameter θ.
When electric light source device moved to two ends, microprocessor collected the signal that sensor sends and makes the motor counter-rotating.
Wherein, control parameter
T
1And T
2Be light filling rhythm and pace of moving things parameter, unit is second, T
1The light filling time of representing a certain station, T
2The non-light filling time of representing this station, T
1＜T
2L is the electric light source total kilometres, and unit is a rice; R is the pulley radius, and unit is a rice; ω is a motor angular velocity, and unit is a radian per second.
Test Example
In the greenhouse by solar heat of Huai, Jiangsu Province peasant household; In the greenhouse according to the content of embodiment with system assembles, the greenhouse culture plant is " Millennium " cherry and tomato, test in continuous 3 years in same greenhouse; Experimental stage is the late March in late October to the coming year in every year; Test begins from the field planting of tomato seedling ridging, runs through the whole growing process of vegetative growth phase, the phase of yielding positive results and fruit expanding period, till late March.Manage by the normal management pattern during this time.Move towards the light filling system is installed according to the cultivation ridge, the LED plant growth lamp that adopts single lamp power 250W is as the light filling light source.
3 sub-districts are set in same greenhouse, are respectively treatment region, check plot and blank district, each 15 ridge (OK), each sub-district; The long L=7 rice in ridge, the every ridge 2 row tomatoes of planting, 11 strains of planting of every row, 22 strains of planting of every ridge, each sub-district 330 strain tomatoes of planting.
In the blank district, do not adopt light filling equipment.At treatment region light filling of the present invention system is installed, correspondence is provided with a guide beam directly over every ridge, and 15 ridges amount to 15 guide beams are set, and the Metal halogen lamp of 1 250W power is installed on every guide beam, adds up to 15.The light filling rhythm and pace of moving things parameter of setting the tomato whole growing is T
1=120s, T
2=1500s, known L=7m, R=0.3m, the angular velocity omega=20/s of servo drive motor.Import above-mentioned running parameter through keyboard, microprocessor is preserved running parameter, and calls running parameter and on display, show, and microprocessor calculates control parameter θ=1.6667 according to running parameter; The light filling system in entire process district is according to this control parameter control motor operation.In whole growing, according to the growing height of plant, the length of periodic adjustment hanger bar, keeping electric light source basically is about 0.4 meter apart from the height of influences of plant crown.Adopt traditional fixed light filling in the check plot, the Metal halogen lamp of 6 single lamp power 250W is adopted on every ridge, and 15 ridges amount to adopts 90 Metal halogen lamps.Result of the test is shown in table 1, table 2:
Table 1 investment and the comparative analysis of operation energy consumption cost
The comparative analysis of table 2 " Millennium " cherry and tomato yield and quality index
Annotate: different lowercases are illustrated in significant difference on 5% level in the same column
Through continuous 3 years data computation; Visible by table 1; The totle drilling cost of light filling of the present invention system be merely traditional light filling system synthesis this 1/4th, demonstrate the huge advantage of light filling system of the present invention aspect cost, be a kind of novel light filling system of real low input cost.Visible by table 2, with index of quality aspect, the effect in light filling system handles of the present invention district is significantly higher than traditional light filling system check plot aspect yield index, and the effect of traditional light filling system check plot is significantly higher than the not blank district of light filling again.It is thus clear that light filling is very effective to the yield and quality formation of facility cultivation tomato; And the light source that the adopts light filling of the present invention greenhouse intermittent light filling system of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically is significantly higher than traditional light filling system to the formation effect of yield and quality.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Be noted that for those skilled in the art; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the light source greenhouse intermittent light filling system of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically is characterized in that: this system comprises that level is located at guide beam (2) and the transmission device in the greenhouse (1), and the electric light source device (4) that is suspended to guide beam (2) and moves through road wheel (3); Said transmission device comprises motor (5), two pulleys (6), and is located between two pulleys (6) and the transmission rope (7) that links to each other with electric light source device (4); Said guide beam (2) two ends are provided with sensor (8);
Said sensor (8), motor (5) are connected with microprocessor (9) communication respectively, and said microprocessor (9) is used for confirming current state and controls the round light filling that carries out of motor (5) transmission electric light source device (4) stepping.
2. the greenhouse that a kind of light source according to claim 1 is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically intermittent light filling system is characterized in that: said guide beam (2) is for being provided with the track of groove, and said road wheel (3) is located in the groove and is connected with electric light source device (4) through hanger bar (10).
3. greenhouse that a kind of light source according to claim 1 is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically intermittent light filling system is characterized in that: said electric light source device (4) is one or more of Metal halogen lamp, fluorescent lamp, sodium vapor lamp, LED plant growth lamp.
4. the greenhouse that a kind of light source according to claim 1 is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically intermittent light filling system is characterized in that said microprocessor is carried out following steps:
(1) preserves the running parameter of importing;
(2) call running parameter and the system mode of preservation and showing;
(3) position signalling that sends of pick-up transducers, and call running parameter and be scaled control parameter θ together;
(4) the control motor is with certain frequency output control parameter θ.
5. greenhouse that a kind of light source according to claim 4 is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically intermittent light filling system is characterized in that: in the said step (3), when electric light source device moved to two ends, microprocessor collected the signal that sensor sends and makes the motor counter-rotating.
6. the greenhouse intermittent light filling system of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line automatically according to claim 4 or 5 described a kind of light sources is characterized in that:
Said control parameter
Wherein,
T
1And T
2Be light filling rhythm and pace of moving things parameter, unit is second, T
1The light filling time of representing a certain station, T
2The non-light filling time of representing this station, T
1＜T
2
L is the electric light source total kilometres, and unit is a rice;
R is the pulley radius, and unit is a rice;
ω is a motor angular velocity, and unit is a radian per second.
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| CN201110226107A CN102318522A (en) | 2011-08-08 | 2011-08-08 | Intermittent greenhouse light complementing system with automatic moving light source |
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| CN201110226107A CN102318522A (en) | 2011-08-08 | 2011-08-08 | Intermittent greenhouse light complementing system with automatic moving light source |
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Application publication date: 20120118 |