CN103563685B - Self-adaptive light supplementing system and method for plant factory - Google Patents
Self-adaptive light supplementing system and method for plant factory Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive light supplementing system and method for a plant factory. The distance between a light supplementing lamp 1 and plants 12 planted on a culture bed 10 is measured through distance measuring sensors 11, and a stepping motor 4 is driven to operate so as to drive a winding shaft 3 to rotate, so that the light supplementing lamp 1 is driven by steel wires 6 winding round winders 2 to rise or fall; and meanwhile, the light supplementing system can measure and calculate the illumination intensity of a plant canopy through an illumination intensity sensor 13, and then the illumination intensity of the light supplementing lamp 1 is adjusted to be adapted to light intensity requirements of different crops. The method is simple and practical, and the illumination intensity of the light supplementing lamp 1 and the distance between the light supplementing lamp 1 and the plants 12 can be adjusted, so that only set values of system software are required to be changed, and then culture requirements of the different plants for the space and the illumination intensity can be met. The system and the method are applicable to light supplementing for culture of the various plants in the plant factory.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the artificial light source field of plant factor, specifically, is a kind of self adaptation light compensation method for plant factor and system.
Background technology
Plant factor is the peak of Facility Agriculture Development, it has can anniversary continuous seepage, can produce under the condition of bad environments, safe and high-quality agricultural products can be produced without agricultural chemicals, workload is light, be easy to the advantages such as operation and comfortable working environment.Recent years, the research both at home and abroad for plant factor is attached great importance to.But because the construction cost in early stage of plant factor is higher, its energy resource consumption (especially electric energy) is very large, causes operation cost very high, limits the practical application of plant factor always.
At present, plant factor mostly runs energy consumption as artificial light source to reduce plant factor at trial application LED.Due to advantages such as LED luminance are high, volume is little, the life-span is long, be day by day subject to people and pay attention to.Because LED luminous efficiency is high, its quantity of heat production is just relatively less, therefore can make artificial light source from crop very close to.Plant has a process grown, and along with the growth of plant, the distance of plant and artificial light source is also constantly shortening, and causes artificial light source distance plant excessively near, thus makes plant produce phenomenons such as burning.Present stage has a lot about the patent of LED light supplementing lamp for plants, 2012203333285.7), " the Novel LED light source plate that a kind of novel plant factory uses " (application number: 200820118256.2) such as " a kind of closed plant factor use LED light source device " (application number:, these light sources can only regulate the ratio of red blue light, the distance between plant and light source can not be measured, more can not the height of regulating plant and light source automatically.
Existing plant factor generally adopts method excessive for the distance adjustment of plant and artificial light source, burns after preventing plant growth because contact artificial light source.But following impact can be caused: the uniformity reducing the proportion of red blue light of light source, affects plant growth; Apart from the loss of excessive increase artificial light source, reduce the availability of artificial light source, photosynthesis of plant demand can not be met.According to the distance in artificial interval adjustment plant factor between artificial light source and plant, then easily cause production environment to pollute, but also strengthen the workload of staff.Therefore need design a kind ofly automatically can regulate the spacing of artificial light source and plant and the light-supplementing system of intensity of illumination, be used for improving the availability of resource, the labour intensity of reduction staff, improve the automatization level of overall plant factor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of plant factor self adaptation light-supplementing system and method, realize the distance automatically measured between plant and light source, and the height of automatic regulating plant and light source, to reduce the labour intensity of staff, improve the availability in plant factor space simultaneously and reduce energy consumption, not changing hardware.
In order to solve above technical problem, the concrete technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows.
A kind of plant factor self adaptation light-supplementing system, is characterized in that: described light-supplementing system comprises control module and Executive Module; Described control module is made up of multiple distance measuring sensor (11) and controller;
Described Executive Module comprises light compensating lamp (1), winder (2), spool (3), stepper motor (4), Worm Wheel System case (5), steel cable (6), pulley assembly (7), bearing block (8), cultivating stand (9) and cultivation bed (10); The stepper motor (4) be fixed on cultivating stand (9) directly connects with the worm screw of Worm Wheel System case (5); Spool (3) one end is connected on Worm Wheel System case (5), and the other end is connected with the bearing block (8) be fixed on cultivating stand (9), and winder (2) consolidation is connected on spool (3); Two steel cables 6 are wound in that a winder (2) is upper respectively and around on the contrary, one end of steel cable 6 is walked around pulley assembly (7) and is connected with light compensating lamp 1 afterwards, and the other end of steel cable (6) connects in winder (2) groove; Stepper motor (4) is rotated at the upper winder (2) of spool (3) by Worm Wheel System case 5 drive installation, the length being in the steel cable (6) between pulley assembly (7) and light compensating lamp (1) shortens thereupon or increases, thus light compensating lamp (1) is moved up and down.
Multiple distance measuring sensor (11) is uniformly distributed at vertical and horizontal and is arranged on light compensating lamp (1).
Worm and gear in Worm Wheel System case (5) in described Executive Module has auto-lock function.
Intensity of illumination sensor (13) is installed in L-type support (14), by the relative position of adjusting knob (16) adjustable L-type support (14) and stand base (15), thus regulating illumination intensity sensor (13) and relative distance between light compensating lamp (1).
The light compensation method of a kind of plant factor self adaptation light-supplementing system described in utilization, it is characterized in that: automatically regulate the spacing between light compensating lamp (1) and plant (12) by light-supplementing system, light-supplementing system measures the distance between light compensating lamp (1) and plant (12) automatically by distance measuring sensor (11), after draw minimum of a value, using minimum of a value as the last measured value of system; The size of measured distance value and preset value between light-supplementing system comparable complement light modulation (1) and plant (12), if measured value is less than preset range lower limit, system drive stepper motor (4) rotates forward, and drives light compensating lamp (1) to rise, and makes spacing become large; If measured value is greater than the preset range upper limit, system drive stepper motor (4) reverses, and drives light compensating lamp (1) to decline, makes pitch smaller; Light-supplementing system height preset range by controller manual amendment, the requirement to growing space of cultivated plant to meet.
The light compensation method of a kind of plant factor self adaptation light-supplementing system described in utilization, it is characterized in that: the intensity of illumination automatically being regulated light compensating lamp (1) by light-supplementing system, light-supplementing system records the vertical range of the intensity of illumination of intensity of illumination sensor (13) relevant position and intensity of illumination sensor (13) and light compensating lamp (1) respectively by being arranged on intensity of illumination sensor (13) in L-type support (14) and stay wire displacement sensor (17), then light-supplementing system according to the measured distance value measured between gained light compensating lamp (11) and plant (12) and survey the intensity of illumination that illumination intensity value and vertical range value calculate plant canopy, then light-supplementing system compares the illumination intensity value of plant canopy and light-supplementing system presets intensity of illumination scope, if be greater than light-supplementing system to preset intensity of illumination range limit, then reduce the intensity of illumination of light compensating lamp (1), if be less than light-supplementing system to preset intensity of illumination range lower limit, then raise the intensity of illumination of light compensating lamp (1), light-supplementing system presets intensity of illumination scope by controller manual amendment, the photosynthesis demand of cultivated plant to meet.
The present invention has beneficial effect.Light-supplementing system of the present invention from the height between main regulation light compensating lamp and plant and light compensating lamp intensity of illumination according to preset value, only need be changed light-supplementing system preset range value and just can meet the requirement of different plant to space and illumination; The data that light-supplementing system records according to distance measuring sensor and intensity of illumination sensor, from main regulation light compensating lamp height and intensity of illumination, can reduce labor strength with plant growth, reduce the contaminated probability of plant factor's clean space, improve energy utilization rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Executive Module front view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is Executive Module vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is Executive Module end view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is distance measuring sensor scheme of installation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is sensor support structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1, light compensating lamp; 2, winder; 3, spool; 4, stepper motor; 5, Worm Wheel System case; 6, steel cable; 7, pulley assembly; 8, bearing block; 9, cultivating stand; 10, bed is cultivated; 11, distance measuring sensor; 12, plant; 13, intensity of illumination sensor; 14, L-type support; 15, stand base; 16, position adjustments knob; 17, stay wire displacement sensor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Shown in composition graphs 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Executive Module comprises light compensating lamp 1, winder 2, spool 3, stepper motor 4, Worm Wheel System case 5, steel cable 6, pulley assembly 7, bearing block 8, cultivating stand 9 and cultivation bed 10.Cultivating stand 9 is cell cubes for complete cultivating stand, and except light compensating lamp 1, other all component is all installed based on cultivating stand 9.Wherein cultivate the Soilless culture trough that bed 10 is planting plants 12, bearing block 8 plays a part to support spool 3, and pulley assembly 7 is for changing the direction of steel wire rope 6.When stepper motor 4 rotates, electric machine main shaft drives the worm screw in Worm Wheel System case 5 to rotate, and one group of Worm Wheel System in Worm Wheel System case 5 drives the spool 3 be connected with worm gear to rotate, and then drives the winder 2 be connected with spool 3 to rotate.System has 4 steel cables 6, is wrapped in respectively on two winders 2 be arranged on spool 3, and two steel cables 6 on same winder 2 around on the contrary.The other end of steel cable 6 is fixed on light compensating lamp 1, and fixing point is in the position at four right angles close to light compensating lamp 1.When spool 3 rotates forward, drive winder 2 to rotate forward, steel wire rope 6 is constantly wound on winder 2, the rope of the steel wire rope 6 between winder 2 and light compensating lamp 1 length is shortened, thus makes light compensating lamp 1 increase; When spool 3 reverses, drive winder 2 to reverse, steel wire rope 6 constantly lays out from winder 2, makes the rope of the steel wire rope 3 between winder 2 and light compensating lamp 1 long elongated, thus light compensating lamp 1 is declined.
Shown in composition graphs 4, adopt multiple spot to arrange distance measuring sensor 11, branch measures romaine lettuce height, then according to the whole plant height value of data estimation obtained, finally obtains the actual range between artificial light source needed for control system and plant.Light compensating lamp 1 arranges 6 distance measuring sensors 11, the plant 12 that can obtain upper 6 points of cultivation bed is 93mm, 89mm, 96mm, 80mm, 87mm and 99mm with the spacing of light compensating lamp 1, then the size of these numerical value is compared by controller, draw minimum distance value 80mm, after being multiplied by error coefficient 1.1, obtain the least estimated distance values 88mm of all plants and artificial light source.
Shown in composition graphs 5, intensity of illumination sensor 13 and stay wire displacement sensor 17 are arranged on L-type support 14 end, L-type support 14 other end inserts in the cavity of stand base 15, during the adjusting knob 16 of released position, L-type support 14 can slide up and down by opposite brackets pedestal 15, when L-type support 14 is adjusted to precalculated position, tighten position adjustments knob 16, now L-type support 14 is relative with stand base 15 fixing.
Every 24 hours, light-supplementing system compared time and the scheduled time automatically, if light-supplementing system time 8:00 is less than scheduled time 9:00, then continued standby; If the light-supplementing system time, 10:00 was greater than or equal to scheduled time 9:00, then start to obtain data from 6 distance measuring sensors 11.Obtain the minimum of a value 80mm in 6 data, be then multiplied by error coefficient 1.1, estimate the minimum spacing 88mm of light compensating lamp and plant.Minimum spacing estimated value 88mm and superior distance scope 100mm ~ 110mm is made comparisons, if minimum spacing estimated value is greater than the upper limit 110mm of superior distance scope, illustrates apart from excessive, electromotor is rotated forward, reduces actual pitch, then continue circulation; If minimum spacing estimated value is less than the lower limit 100mm of superior distance scope, illustrate apart from too small, electromotor is reversed, increase actual pitch, then continue circulation; If minimum spacing estimated value is within superior distance scope 100mm ~ 110mm, then stop circulation, light-supplementing system continues to run, and in described embodiment, minimum spacing estimated value 88mm is less than the lower limit 100mm of superior distance scope, so electromotor rotates forward, to reduce actual pitch.Then, light-supplementing system obtains intensity of illumination and intensity of illumination sensor 13 and light compensating lamp 1 vertical interval data, according to the distance 88mm recorded between light compensating lamp 1 and plant 12, intensity of illumination sensor 13 and light compensating lamp 1 vertical interval 70mm and intensity of illumination data 110 μm of olm respectively from intensity of illumination sensor 13 and stay wire displacement sensor 17
-2s
-1, calculate plant canopy intensity of illumination 83.5 μm of olm by light compensating lamp LED intensity-angles return formula used
-2s
-1, the model gain of parameter that intensity-angles return formula can be provided by producer, if plant canopy intensity of illumination calculated value is less than intensity of illumination values 150 ~ 160 μm of olm
-2s
-1lower limit 150 μm of olm
-2s
-1, then the intensity of illumination of light compensating lamp is increased; If be greater than the values upper limit 160 μm of olm
-2s
-1, then light compensating lamp intensity of illumination is reduced; If in values, then light-supplementing system is standby to prepare to enter circulation next time, plant canopy intensity of illumination 83.5 μm of olm in described embodiment
-2s
-1be less than values 150 ~ 160 μm of olm
-2s
-1lower limit 150 μm of olm
-2s
-1, so need the intensity of illumination increasing light compensating lamp 1, then continue this time circulation, until meet intensity of illumination values 150 ~ 160 μm of olm
-2s
-1.
Certainly; the present invention also can have other various embodiments; when not deviating from the present invention's spirit and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art are when making various corresponding change and distortion according to the present invention, but these change accordingly and are out of shape the protection domain that all should belong to the claim appended by the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. plant factor's self adaptation light-supplementing system, is characterized in that: described light-supplementing system comprises control module and Executive Module; Described control module is made up of multiple distance measuring sensor (11) and controller;
Described Executive Module comprises light compensating lamp (1), winder (2), spool (3), stepper motor (4), Worm Wheel System case (5), steel cable (6), pulley assembly (7), bearing block (8), cultivating stand (9) and cultivation bed (10); The stepper motor (4) be fixed on cultivating stand (9) directly connects with the worm screw of Worm Wheel System case (5); Spool (3) one end is connected on Worm Wheel System case (5), and the other end is connected with the bearing block (8) be fixed on cultivating stand (9), and winder (2) consolidation is connected on spool (3); Two steel cables (6) are wound in that a winder (2) is upper respectively and around on the contrary, one end of steel cable (6) is walked around pulley assembly (7) and is connected with light compensating lamp (1) afterwards, in other end connection winder (2) groove of steel cable (6); Stepper motor (4) is rotated at the upper winder (2) of spool (3) by Worm Wheel System case (5) drive installation, the length being in the steel cable (6) between pulley assembly (7) and light compensating lamp (1) shortens thereupon or increases, thus light compensating lamp (1) is moved up and down;
Described multiple distance measuring sensor (11) is uniformly distributed at vertical and horizontal and is arranged on light compensating lamp (1);
Worm and gear in Worm Wheel System case (5) in described Executive Module has auto-lock function;
Intensity of illumination sensor (13) is installed in L-type support (14), by the relative position of adjusting knob (16) adjustable L-type support (14) with stand base (15), thus the relative distance between regulating illumination intensity sensor (13) and light compensating lamp (1);
Automatically the spacing between light compensating lamp (1) and plant (12) is regulated by light-supplementing system, light-supplementing system measures the distance between light compensating lamp (1) and plant (12) automatically by distance measuring sensor (11), after draw minimum of a value, using minimum of a value as the last measured value of system; The size of measured distance value and preset value between light-supplementing system comparable complement light modulation (1) and plant (12), if measured value is less than preset range lower limit, system drive stepper motor (4) rotates forward, and drives light compensating lamp (1) to rise, and makes spacing become large; If measured value is greater than the preset range upper limit, system drive stepper motor (4) reverses, and drives light compensating lamp (1) to decline, makes pitch smaller; Light-supplementing system height preset range by controller manual amendment, the requirement to growing space of cultivated plant to meet.
2. the light compensation method of a kind of plant factor as claimed in claim 1 self adaptation light-supplementing system, it is characterized in that: the intensity of illumination automatically being regulated light compensating lamp (1) by light-supplementing system, light-supplementing system records the vertical range of the intensity of illumination of intensity of illumination sensor (13) relevant position and intensity of illumination sensor (13) and light compensating lamp (1) respectively by being arranged on intensity of illumination sensor (13) in L-type support (14) and stay wire displacement sensor (17), then light-supplementing system according to the measured distance value measured between gained light compensating lamp (1) and plant (12) and survey the intensity of illumination that illumination intensity value and vertical range value calculate plant canopy, then light-supplementing system compares the illumination intensity value of plant canopy and light-supplementing system presets intensity of illumination scope, if be greater than light-supplementing system to preset intensity of illumination range limit, then reduce the intensity of illumination of light compensating lamp (1), if be less than light-supplementing system to preset intensity of illumination range lower limit, then raise the intensity of illumination of light compensating lamp (1), light-supplementing system presets intensity of illumination scope by controller manual amendment, the photosynthesis demand of cultivated plant to meet.
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