CN102313395B - Two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupling cascaded multi-stage low temperature refrigerator - Google Patents

Two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupling cascaded multi-stage low temperature refrigerator Download PDF

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CN102313395B
CN102313395B CN2010102203394A CN201010220339A CN102313395B CN 102313395 B CN102313395 B CN 102313395B CN 2010102203394 A CN2010102203394 A CN 2010102203394A CN 201010220339 A CN201010220339 A CN 201010220339A CN 102313395 B CN102313395 B CN 102313395B
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refrigerator
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heat exchanger
regenerator
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CN102313395A (en
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王博
甘智华
邱利民
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1406—Pulse-tube cycles with pulse tube in co-axial or concentric geometrical arrangements

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Abstract

The invention discloses a two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupling cascaded multi-stage low temperature refrigerator. In the refrigerator structure, a two-stage Stirling refrigerator is used as a first stage and a second stage of a three-stage refrigerator; a high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator is connected behind the second stage of the Stirling refrigerator and is used as a third stage; and the high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator has a U-shaped and coaxial layout structure, and can be subjected to phase modulation by combining a normal-temperature inertia tube with a normal-temperature gas storage and combining a low-temperature inertia tube with a low-temperature gas storage. The refrigerator has the advantages of the Stirling refrigerator and the high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator and has obvious thermodynamic advantages. The operating conditions required by the high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator in a liquid helium temperature zone can be acquired at the inlet of a heat accumulator of the pulse tube refrigerator by controlling the phase angle between a discharger and a compressor of the two-stage Stirling refrigerator, the lowest refrigeration temperature can reach that of the liquid helium temperature zone, and refrigerating capacity is supplied to different temperature zones at the same time.

Description

二级斯特林和单级脉管气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机Multistage cryogenic refrigerator with two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse-tube gas-coupled cascade

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及回热式低温制冷机，尤其涉及一种二级斯特林和单级脉管气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机。The invention relates to a regenerative low-temperature refrigerator, in particular to a multi-stage low-temperature refrigerator with two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas-coupled cascade connection.

背景技术 Background technique

与G-M制冷机、布雷顿制冷机和斯特林制冷机相比，脉管制冷机在冷端没有运动部件，具有结构简单、成本低、机械振动小、可靠性高和寿命长等优点，这使得脉管制冷机成为当前的研究热点。脉管制冷机按照工作频率可以分成低频脉管制冷机和高频脉管制冷机，其中高频脉管制冷机由于体积小、重量轻、效率高、结构紧凑等优点成为空间用长寿命低温制冷机的理想选择，从而受到广泛的关注。同时航空航天等领域的部分光学器件和仪器的工作温度一般在4K或者更低的温度，这使得液氦温区高频脉管制冷机的研究成为热点，但是由于液氦温区的制冷机理和损失机理尚缺乏全面的掌握，使得单纯采用高频脉管制冷机结构到达液氦温度还存在很多困难，目前只有美国LockheedMartin公司使用四级结构到达液氦温区，但是结构复杂，效率低。而采用三级结构还没有达到液氦温区的报道。Compared with the G-M refrigerator, Brayton refrigerator and Stirling refrigerator, the pulse tube refrigerator has no moving parts at the cold end, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, small mechanical vibration, high reliability and long life. This makes the pulse tube refrigerator a current research hotspot. Pulse tube refrigerators can be divided into low-frequency pulse tube refrigerators and high-frequency pulse tube refrigerators according to their operating frequency. Among them, high-frequency pulse tube refrigerators have become the long-life low-temperature refrigerators for space due to their small size, light weight, high efficiency, and compact structure. The ideal choice of the machine, which has received widespread attention. At the same time, the operating temperature of some optical devices and instruments in aerospace and other fields is generally at 4K or lower, which makes the research of high-frequency pulse tube refrigerators in the liquid helium temperature zone a hot spot. However, due to the refrigeration mechanism in the liquid helium temperature zone and the The loss mechanism still lacks a comprehensive grasp, making it still difficult to reach the liquid helium temperature by simply using a high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator structure. Currently, only the US Lockheed Martin company uses a four-stage structure to reach the liquid helium temperature zone, but the structure is complex and the efficiency is low. And the use of tertiary structure has not yet reached the report of liquid helium temperature region.

斯特林制冷机与脉管制冷机同属回热式制冷机，它的理论效率等于卡诺效率，比不回收膨胀功的脉管制冷机的效率高，而且牛津板弹簧支撑技术和间隙密封技术的发展，使得压缩机内的活塞、膨胀机内的排出器与汽缸之间的非接触往复运动成为可能，成功解决了斯特林制冷机长寿命运行的难题，因此斯特林制冷机具有效率高、振动小和长寿命的优势。目前已有多台斯特林制冷机应用在80K和35K的空间技术领域中。但是，随着制冷温度的进一步降低，多级斯特林制冷机中膨胀腔排出器变得过长，难以保证低温端排出器与汽缸之间的非接触往复运动，这使得空间长寿命斯特林制冷机到达液氦温区存在困难。目前，现有三级斯特林制冷机的制冷温度尚无法到达液氦温区。The Stirling refrigerator and the pulse tube refrigerator belong to the regenerative refrigerator, and its theoretical efficiency is equal to the Carnot efficiency, which is higher than the efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator without recovery of expansion work, and the Oxford leaf spring support technology and gap sealing technology The development of the technology makes the non-contact reciprocating motion between the piston in the compressor, the discharger in the expander and the cylinder possible, and successfully solves the problem of long-life operation of the Stirling refrigerator. Therefore, the Stirling refrigerator has high efficiency. Advantages of high height, low vibration and long life. At present, many Stirling refrigerators have been applied in the field of space technology of 80K and 35K. However, as the refrigeration temperature further decreases, the expansion chamber displacer in the multistage Stirling refrigerator becomes too long, and it is difficult to ensure the non-contact reciprocating motion between the low temperature end displacer and the cylinder, which makes the space long life Stirling It is difficult for the Lin refrigerator to reach the liquid helium temperature zone. At present, the refrigeration temperature of the existing three-stage Stirling refrigerator cannot reach the temperature range of liquid helium.

预冷型单级高频脉管制冷机的数值模拟结果显示：若要使高频脉管制冷机的冷端温度达到液氦温度，其热端温度随着冷端压比的提高而显著提高。当使用He-4作为工质，冷端压比(Pmax/Pmin)为1.4时，在特定尺寸、回热材料和较低的充气压力条件下(一般为0.5-1.0MPa)，4K高频脉管制冷机的热端温度接近40K，而现有的二级斯特林制冷机和二级高频脉管制冷机的最低制冷温度远低于该温度，但是由于高频脉管制冷机运行时充气压力较高，在回热器中的压力损失较大，在冷端无法获得大的压比(单级一般达到1.20-1.25，二级一般在1.15-1.20)，使得三级高频脉管制冷机很难达到液氦温区。而分析指出：氦气的粘度随着温度的降低而显著降低，即回热器的压力损失主要发生在300-80K的高温段，由于斯特林制冷机中存在主动式控制部件——排出器，使得其可调节制冷机的冷端压比，所以采用二级斯特林制冷机和单级高频脉管制冷机的复合型结构可以实现液氦温区高频脉管制冷机低温段所需的大压比和小的充气压力，即采用二级斯特林制冷机和单级高频脉管制冷机的复合型结构理论上是能够到达液氦温区，而且兼具两者的结构紧凑、效率高、长寿命和高可靠性等优点。The numerical simulation results of the pre-cooled single-stage high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator show that if the temperature of the cold end of the high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator reaches the temperature of liquid helium, the temperature of the hot end will increase significantly with the increase of the pressure ratio of the cold end. . When He-4 is used as the working fluid and the cold end pressure ratio (P max /P min ) is 1.4, under the conditions of specific size, reheating material and low inflation pressure (generally 0.5-1.0MPa), 4K high The hot end temperature of the high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator is close to 40K, while the minimum cooling temperature of the existing two-stage Stirling refrigerator and the two-stage high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator is much lower than this temperature, but because the high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator The inflation pressure is high during operation, the pressure loss in the regenerator is large, and a large pressure ratio cannot be obtained at the cold end (the single stage generally reaches 1.20-1.25, and the second stage generally reaches 1.15-1.20), making the third stage high frequency It is difficult for a pulse tube refrigerator to reach the temperature region of liquid helium. The analysis pointed out that the viscosity of helium decreases significantly with the decrease of temperature, that is, the pressure loss of the regenerator mainly occurs in the high temperature section of 300-80K, because there is an active control component in the Stirling refrigerator-the ejector , so that it can adjust the cold end pressure ratio of the refrigerator, so the composite structure of the two-stage Stirling refrigerator and the single-stage high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator can realize the low-temperature section of the high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator in the liquid helium temperature zone. The required large pressure ratio and small inflation pressure, that is, the composite structure of the two-stage Stirling refrigerator and the single-stage high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator can theoretically reach the liquid helium temperature zone, and has both structures Advantages such as compactness, high efficiency, long life and high reliability.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是克服现有三级高频脉管制冷机和三级斯特林制冷机无法到达液氦温区的技术缺点，提供一种二级斯特林和单级脉管气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the technical shortcomings that the existing three-stage high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator and three-stage Stirling refrigerator cannot reach the liquid helium temperature zone, and provide a two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupling stage connected multi-stage cryogenic refrigerator.

一种二级斯特林和单级脉管气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机、二级斯特林制冷机、脉管制冷机，二级斯特林制冷机通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管与脉管制冷机依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机包括电动机组、压力室、排出器、导流器，电动机组、排出器位于压力室中，电动机组驱动排出器，脉管制冷机包括回热器热端换热器、回热器、脉管制冷机冷端集气管、脉管制冷机冷端流道、脉管冷端换热器、脉管、脉管热端换热器、常温惯性管、常温气库，回热器热端换热器与回热器相连，回热器与脉管制冷机冷端流道、脉管冷端换热器、脉管依次相连，回热器、脉管制冷机冷端流道、脉管冷端换热器、脉管分别与脉管制冷机冷端集气管相连，脉管与脉管热端换热器、常温惯性管、常温气库依次相连。A multi-stage cryogenic refrigerator with two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse-tube gas-coupled cascade includes a compressor, a two-stage Stirling refrigerator, and a pulse tube refrigerator, and the two-stage Stirling refrigerator passes through the second stage The cold-end flow channel of the Stirling refrigerator, the cold-end gas header of the second-stage Stirling refrigerator are connected with the pulse tube refrigerator in sequence, and the second-stage Stirling refrigerator includes an electric motor unit, a pressure chamber, an ejector, and a flow deflector , the motor unit and the displacer are located in the pressure chamber, the motor unit drives the displacer, and the pulse tube refrigerator includes a regenerator hot end heat exchanger, a regenerator, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector, and a pulse tube refrigerator cold end Flow channel, pulse tube cold end heat exchanger, pulse tube, pulse tube hot end heat exchanger, normal temperature inertia tube, normal temperature gas storage, regenerator The hot end heat exchanger is connected to the regenerator, and the regenerator is connected to the pulse tube The cold end flow channel of the refrigerator, the heat exchanger at the cold end of the pulse tube, and the pulse tube are connected in sequence, and the regenerator, the cold end flow channel of the pulse tube refrigerator, the heat exchanger at the cold end of the pulse tube, and the pulse tube are respectively connected with the cold end of the pulse tube refrigerator. The pulse tube is connected to the heat exchanger at the hot end of the pulse tube, the inertia tube at normal temperature, and the gas storage at normal temperature in sequence.

一种二级斯特林和单级脉管气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机、二级斯特林制冷机、脉管制冷机，二级斯特林制冷机通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管与脉管制冷机依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机包括电动机组、压力室、排出器、导流器，电动机组、排出器位于压力室中，电动机组驱动排出器，脉管制冷机包括回热器热端换热器、回热器、脉管制冷机冷端集气管、脉管制冷机冷端流道、脉管冷端换热器、脉管、脉管热端换热器、低温惯性管、低温气库，回热器热端换热器与回热器相连，回热器与脉管制冷机冷端流道、脉管冷端换热器、脉管依次相连，回热器、脉管制冷机冷端流道、脉管冷端换热器、脉管分别与脉管制冷机冷端集气管相连，脉管与脉管热端换热器、低温惯性管、低温气库依次相连，脉管热端换热器、低温惯性管、低温气库分别与第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管相连。A multi-stage cryogenic refrigerator with two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse-tube gas-coupled cascade includes a compressor, a two-stage Stirling refrigerator, and a pulse tube refrigerator, and the two-stage Stirling refrigerator passes through the second stage The cold-end flow channel of the Stirling refrigerator, the cold-end gas header of the second-stage Stirling refrigerator are connected with the pulse tube refrigerator in sequence, and the second-stage Stirling refrigerator includes an electric motor unit, a pressure chamber, an ejector, and a flow deflector , the motor unit and the displacer are located in the pressure chamber, the motor unit drives the displacer, and the pulse tube refrigerator includes a regenerator hot end heat exchanger, a regenerator, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector, and a pulse tube refrigerator cold end Flow channel, pulse tube cold end heat exchanger, pulse tube, pulse tube hot end heat exchanger, low temperature inertial tube, low temperature gas storage, regenerator The hot end heat exchanger is connected to the regenerator, and the regenerator is connected to the pulse tube The cold end flow channel of the refrigerator, the heat exchanger at the cold end of the pulse tube, and the pulse tube are connected in sequence, and the regenerator, the cold end flow channel of the pulse tube refrigerator, the heat exchanger at the cold end of the pulse tube, and the pulse tube are respectively connected with the cold end of the pulse tube refrigerator. The pulse tube is connected to the heat exchanger at the hot end of the pulse tube, the low-temperature inertial tube, and the low-temperature gas store in sequence. The air collector at the cold end of the machine is connected.

一种二级斯特林和单级脉管气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机、二级斯特林制冷机、脉管制冷机，二级斯特林制冷机通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管与脉管制冷机依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机包括电动机组、压力室、排出器、导流器，电动机组、排出器位于压力室中，电动机组驱动排出器，脉管制冷机包括回热器热端换热器、回热器、脉管制冷机冷端集气管、脉管冷端换热器、脉管、常温惯性管、常温气库，回热器热端换热器与回热器相连，回热器与脉管同轴排列，回热器、脉管与脉管冷端换热器相连，回热器、脉管、脉管冷端换热器分别与脉管制冷机冷端集气管相连，脉管与回热器热端换热器、常温惯性管、常温气库依次相连。A multi-stage cryogenic refrigerator with two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse-tube gas-coupled cascade includes a compressor, a two-stage Stirling refrigerator, and a pulse tube refrigerator, and the two-stage Stirling refrigerator passes through the second stage The cold-end flow channel of the Stirling refrigerator, the cold-end gas header of the second-stage Stirling refrigerator are connected with the pulse tube refrigerator in sequence, and the second-stage Stirling refrigerator includes an electric motor unit, a pressure chamber, an ejector, and a flow deflector , the motor unit and the displacer are located in the pressure chamber, the motor unit drives the displacer, the pulse tube refrigerator includes a regenerator hot end heat exchanger, a regenerator, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector, and a pulse tube cold end heat exchanger Regenerator, pulse tube, inertial tube at normal temperature, gas storage at normal temperature, the heat exchanger at the hot end of the regenerator is connected to the regenerator, the regenerator and the pulse tube are arranged coaxially, and the heat exchange between the regenerator, the pulse tube and the cold end of the pulse tube The regenerator, pulse tube, and pulse tube cold-end heat exchanger are respectively connected to the cold-end gas collector of the pulse tube refrigerator, and the pulse tube is connected to the regenerator hot-end heat exchanger, normal temperature inertial tube, and normal temperature gas storage in sequence .

一种二级斯特林和单级脉管气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机、二级斯特林制冷机、脉管制冷机，二级斯特林制冷机通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管与脉管制冷机依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机包括电动机组、压力室、排出器、导流器，电动机组、排出器位于压力室中，电动机组驱动排出器，脉管制冷机包括回热器热端换热器、回热器、脉管制冷机冷端集气管、脉管冷端换热器、脉管、低温惯性管、低温气库，回热器热端换热器与回热器相连，回热器与脉管同轴排列，回热器、脉管与脉管冷端换热器相连，回热器、脉管、脉管冷端换热器分别与脉管制冷机冷端集气管相连，脉管与回热器热端换热器、低温惯性管、低温气库依次相连。脉管、回热器热端换热器、低温惯性管、低温气库分别与第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管相连。A multi-stage cryogenic refrigerator with two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse-tube gas-coupled cascade includes a compressor, a two-stage Stirling refrigerator, and a pulse tube refrigerator, and the two-stage Stirling refrigerator passes through the second stage The cold-end flow channel of the Stirling refrigerator, the cold-end gas header of the second-stage Stirling refrigerator are connected with the pulse tube refrigerator in sequence, and the second-stage Stirling refrigerator includes an electric motor unit, a pressure chamber, an ejector, and a flow deflector , the motor unit and the displacer are located in the pressure chamber, the motor unit drives the displacer, the pulse tube refrigerator includes a regenerator hot end heat exchanger, a regenerator, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector, and a pulse tube cold end heat exchanger Regenerator, pulse tube, low-temperature inertial tube, low-temperature gas storage, the heat exchanger at the hot end of the regenerator is connected to the regenerator, the regenerator and the pulse tube are arranged coaxially, and the heat exchange between the regenerator, the pulse tube and the cold end of the pulse tube The regenerator, pulse tube, and pulse tube cold-end heat exchanger are respectively connected to the cold-end gas collector of the pulse tube refrigerator, and the pulse tube is connected to the regenerator hot-end heat exchanger, low-temperature inertia tube, and low-temperature gas storage in sequence . The pulse tube, the heat exchanger at the hot end of the regenerator, the low-temperature inertia tube, and the low-temperature gas storage are respectively connected to the cold-end gas collector of the second-stage Stirling refrigerator.

一种二级斯特林和单级脉管气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机、二级斯特林制冷机、脉管制冷机，二级斯特林制冷机通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管与脉管制冷机依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机包括电动机组、压力室、排出器、导流器，电动机组、排出器位于压力室中，电动机组驱动排出器，脉管制冷机包括回热器热端换热器、回热器、脉管制冷机冷端集气管、脉管制冷机冷端流道、脉管冷端换热器、脉管、脉管热端换热器、常温惯性管、常温气库，回热器热端换热器与回热器、脉管冷端换热器、脉管、脉管热端换热器、常温惯性管、常温气库依次相连。A multi-stage cryogenic refrigerator with two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse-tube gas-coupled cascade includes a compressor, a two-stage Stirling refrigerator, and a pulse tube refrigerator, and the two-stage Stirling refrigerator passes through the second stage The cold-end flow channel of the Stirling refrigerator, the cold-end gas header of the second-stage Stirling refrigerator are connected with the pulse tube refrigerator in sequence, and the second-stage Stirling refrigerator includes an electric motor unit, a pressure chamber, an ejector, and a flow deflector , the motor unit and the displacer are located in the pressure chamber, the motor unit drives the displacer, and the pulse tube refrigerator includes a regenerator hot end heat exchanger, a regenerator, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector, and a pulse tube refrigerator cold end Flow channel, pulse tube cold end heat exchanger, pulse tube, pulse tube hot end heat exchanger, normal temperature inertia tube, normal temperature gas storage, regenerator hot end heat exchanger and regenerator, pulse tube cold end heat exchanger , the pulse tube, the heat exchanger at the hot end of the pulse tube, the inertial tube at normal temperature, and the gas storage at normal temperature are connected in sequence.

一种二级斯特林和单级脉管气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机、二级斯特林制冷机、脉管制冷机，二级斯特林制冷机通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管与脉管制冷机依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机包括电动机组、压力室、排出器、导流器，电动机组、排出器位于压力室中，电动机组驱动排出器，脉管制冷机包括回热器热端换热器、回热器、脉管制冷机冷端集气管、脉管制冷机冷端流道、脉管冷端换热器、脉管、脉管热端换热器、低温惯性管、低温气库，回热器热端换热器与回热器、脉管冷端换热器、脉管、脉管热端换热器、低温惯性管、低温气库依次相连，脉管热端换热器、低温惯性管、低温气库分别与第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管相连。A multi-stage cryogenic refrigerator with two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse-tube gas-coupled cascade includes a compressor, a two-stage Stirling refrigerator, and a pulse tube refrigerator, and the two-stage Stirling refrigerator passes through the second stage The cold-end flow channel of the Stirling refrigerator, the cold-end gas header of the second-stage Stirling refrigerator are connected with the pulse tube refrigerator in sequence, and the second-stage Stirling refrigerator includes an electric motor unit, a pressure chamber, an ejector, and a flow deflector , the motor unit and the displacer are located in the pressure chamber, the motor unit drives the displacer, and the pulse tube refrigerator includes a regenerator hot end heat exchanger, a regenerator, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector, and a pulse tube refrigerator cold end Flow channel, pulse tube cold end heat exchanger, pulse tube, pulse tube hot end heat exchanger, cryogenic inertia tube, cryogenic gas storage, regenerator hot end heat exchanger and regenerator, pulse tube cold end heat exchanger , pulse tube, pulse tube hot-end heat exchanger, low-temperature inertial tube, and low-temperature gas storage are connected in sequence, and the pulse-tube hot-end heat exchanger, low-temperature inertial tube, and low-temperature gas storage are respectively connected to the cold-end set of the second-stage Stirling refrigerator The trachea is connected.

本发明通过控制二级斯特林制冷机的压缩机和膨胀机之间的相位角使制冷工质进入第三级的工作压力和压比符合液氦温区高频脉管制冷机所需的工作条件，从而使用三级结构到达液氦温区。通过对预冷型液氦温区高频脉管制冷机进行数值模拟，得知液氦温区高频脉管制冷机的工作压力较低，但是冷端压比较高，而且其热端温度随着冷端压比的增大而显著提高，但是由于脉管制冷机冷端缺乏主动式的控制部件，使得其冷端压比无法控制；而斯特林制冷机可以通过调节排出器的行程来控制其冷端压比和压力，将斯特林制冷机膨胀之后的工质气体引入高频脉管制冷机便可达到液氦温区，从而解决三级高频脉管制冷机和三级斯特林制冷机暂时无法到达液氦温区的问题。In the present invention, by controlling the phase angle between the compressor and the expander of the two-stage Stirling refrigerator, the working pressure and pressure ratio of the refrigerant medium entering the third stage meet the requirements of the high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator in the liquid helium temperature zone. Working conditions, thus using the tertiary structure to reach the liquid helium temperature zone. Through the numerical simulation of the pre-cooled high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator in the liquid helium temperature zone, it is known that the working pressure of the high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator in the liquid helium temperature zone is low, but the cold end pressure is relatively high, and the temperature of the hot end varies with However, due to the lack of active control components at the cold end of the pulse tube refrigerator, the pressure ratio of the cold end cannot be controlled; and the Stirling refrigerator can be adjusted by adjusting the stroke of the ejector. By controlling the pressure ratio and pressure of the cold end, introducing the expanded working gas of the Stirling refrigerator into the high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator can reach the liquid helium temperature zone, thereby solving the problem of the three-stage high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator and the three-stage Stirling cryocooler. The problem that the Tring refrigerator cannot reach the liquid helium temperature zone temporarily.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是使用常温惯性管和常温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(U型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机；Figure 1 is a two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube (U-type) gas-coupled cascaded multi-stage low-temperature refrigerator using a normal-temperature inertial tube and a normal-temperature gas store phase modulation;

图2是使用低温惯性管和低温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(U型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机；Figure 2 is a multi-stage low-temperature refrigerator using a low-temperature inertial tube and a low-temperature gas store phase-modulated two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube (U-type) gas-coupled cascade;

图3是使用常温惯性管和常温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(同轴型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机；Fig. 3 is a multi-stage cryogenic refrigerator using a two-stage Stirling and a single-stage pulse tube (coaxial type) gas-coupled cascaded phase modulation using a normal temperature inertial tube and a normal temperature gas store;

图4是使用低温惯性管和低温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(同轴型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机；Figure 4 is a multi-stage low-temperature refrigerator using a low-temperature inertial tube and a low-temperature gas store phase-modulated two-stage Stirling and a single-stage pulse tube (coaxial type) gas-coupled cascade;

图5是使用常温惯性管和常温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(直线型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机；Fig. 5 is the multi-stage cryogenic refrigerator using the phase modulation of two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube (linear) gas-coupled cascading using normal temperature inertial tube and normal temperature gas storehouse;

图6是使用低温惯性管和低温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(直线型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机；Figure 6 is a multi-stage low-temperature refrigerator using a low-temperature inertial tube and a low-temperature gas store phase-modulated two-stage Stirling and a single-stage pulse tube (linear) gas-coupled cascade;

图中：压缩机1、二级斯特林制冷机2、电动机组3、压力室4、排出器5、导流器6、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道7、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管8、脉管制冷机9、回热器热端换热器10、回热器11、脉管制冷机冷端集气管12、脉管制冷机冷端流道13、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15、脉管热端换热器16、常温惯性管17、常温气库18、低温惯性管19、低温气库20。In the figure: compressor 1, two-stage Stirling refrigerator 2, motor unit 3, pressure chamber 4, discharger 5, deflector 6, second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold end flow channel 7, second stage Stirling refrigerator cold end gas collector 8, pulse tube refrigerator 9, regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10, regenerator 11, pulse tube refrigerator cold end air collector 12, pulse tube refrigerator cold end flow channel 13. Pulse tube cold end heat exchanger 14, pulse tube 15, pulse tube hot end heat exchanger 16, normal temperature inertia tube 17, normal temperature gas storage 18, low temperature inertia tube 19, low temperature gas storage 20.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

本发明是一种二级斯特林和单级脉管气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机，其中二级斯特林制冷机作为第一级和第二级，脉管制冷机作为第三级。同时，作为第三级的高频脉管制冷机可以使用U型结构和同轴型结构，第三级的调相方式可以采用常温惯性管与常温气库的组合和低温惯性管与低温气库的组合。The present invention is a multi-stage low-temperature refrigerator with two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas-coupled cascade connection, wherein the two-stage Stirling refrigerator is used as the first stage and the second stage, and the pulse tube refrigerator is used as the third stage. class. At the same time, as the third-stage high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator, U-shaped structure and coaxial structure can be used, and the third-stage phase modulation method can adopt the combination of normal temperature inertial tube and normal temperature gas storage, and low-temperature inertial tube and low-temperature gas storage. The combination.

如图1所示，使用常温惯性管和常温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(U型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机1、二级斯特林制冷机2、脉管制冷机9，二级斯特林制冷机2通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道7、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管8与脉管制冷机9依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机2包括电动机组3、压力室4、排出器5、导流器6，电动机组3、排出器5位于压力室4中，电动机组3驱动排出器5，脉管制冷机9包括回热器热端换热器10、回热器11、脉管制冷机冷端集气管12、脉管制冷机冷端流道13、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15、脉管热端换热器16、常温惯性管17、常温气库18，回热器热端换热器10与回热器11相连，回热器11与脉管制冷机冷端流道13、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15依次相连，回热器11、脉管制冷机冷端流道13、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15分别与脉管制冷机冷端集气管12相连，脉管15与脉管热端换热器16、常温惯性管17、常温气库18依次相连。As shown in Figure 1, the two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube (U-type) gas-coupled cascaded multi-stage low-temperature refrigerators using normal temperature inertial tubes and normal temperature gas storage phase modulation include compressor 1, two-stage Stirling Lin refrigerator 2, pulse tube refrigerator 9, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 passes through the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end flow channel 7, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end gas collector 8 and the pulse tube Refrigerators 9 are connected in sequence. The two-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 includes a motor unit 3, a pressure chamber 4, a displacer 5, and a deflector 6. The motor unit 3 and the displacer 5 are located in the pressure chamber 4, and the motor unit 3 drives the discharge 5, the pulse tube refrigerator 9 includes a regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10, a regenerator 11, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector 12, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end flow channel 13, and a pulse tube cold end heat exchanger device 14, pulse tube 15, pulse tube hot end heat exchanger 16, normal temperature inertia tube 17, normal temperature gas storage 18, regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10 is connected with regenerator 11, and regenerator 11 is connected with pulse tube refrigeration The cold end flow channel 13 of the machine, the cold end heat exchanger 14 of the pulse tube, and the pulse tube 15 are connected in sequence, and the regenerator 11, the cold end flow channel 13 of the pulse tube refrigerator, the cold end heat exchanger 14 of the pulse tube, and the pulse tube 15 are respectively The pulse tube 15 is connected with the pulse tube hot end heat exchanger 16, the normal temperature inertial tube 17, and the normal temperature gas storage 18 in sequence.

如图2所示，使用低温惯性管和低温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(U型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机1、二级斯特林制冷机2、脉管制冷机9，二级斯特林制冷机2通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道7、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管8与脉管制冷机9依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机2包括电动机组3、压力室4、排出器5、导流器6，电动机组3、排出器5位于压力室4中，电动机组3驱动排出器5，脉管制冷机9包括回热器热端换热器10、回热器11、脉管制冷机冷端集气管12、脉管制冷机冷端流道13、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15、脉管热端换热器16、低温惯性管17、低温气库18，回热器热端换热器10与回热器11相连，回热器11与脉管制冷机冷端流道13、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15依次相连，回热器11、脉管制冷机冷端流道13、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15分别与脉管制冷机冷端集气管12相连，脉管15与脉管热端换热器16、低温惯性管17、低温气库18依次相连，脉管热端换热器16、低温惯性管17、低温气库18分别与第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管8相连。As shown in Figure 2, the two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube (U-type) gas-coupled cascaded multi-stage low-temperature refrigerators using low-temperature inertial tubes and low-temperature gas storage phase modulation include compressor 1, two-stage Stirling Lin refrigerator 2, pulse tube refrigerator 9, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 passes through the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end flow channel 7, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end gas collector 8 and the pulse tube Refrigerators 9 are connected in sequence. The two-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 includes a motor unit 3, a pressure chamber 4, a displacer 5, and a deflector 6. The motor unit 3 and the displacer 5 are located in the pressure chamber 4, and the motor unit 3 drives the discharge 5, the pulse tube refrigerator 9 includes a regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10, a regenerator 11, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector 12, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end flow channel 13, and a pulse tube cold end heat exchanger device 14, pulse tube 15, pulse tube hot end heat exchanger 16, low temperature inertia tube 17, low temperature gas storage 18, regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10 is connected with regenerator 11, regenerator 11 is connected with pulse tube refrigeration The cold end flow channel 13 of the machine, the cold end heat exchanger 14 of the pulse tube, and the pulse tube 15 are connected in sequence, and the regenerator 11, the cold end flow channel 13 of the pulse tube refrigerator, the cold end heat exchanger 14 of the pulse tube, and the pulse tube 15 are respectively It is connected to the cold-end air collector 12 of the pulse tube refrigerator, and the pulse tube 15 is connected to the pulse tube hot-end heat exchanger 16, low-temperature inertial tube 17, and low-temperature gas storage 18 in sequence, and the pulse tube hot-end heat exchanger 16, low-temperature inertial tube 17 and the low-temperature gas storage 18 are respectively connected to the cold-end gas header 8 of the second-stage Stirling refrigerator.

如图3所示，使用常温惯性管和常温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(同轴型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机1、二级斯特林制冷机2、脉管制冷机9，二级斯特林制冷机2通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道7、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管8与脉管制冷机9依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机2包括电动机组3、压力室4、排出器5、导流器6，电动机组3、排出器5位于压力室4中，电动机组3驱动排出器5，脉管制冷机9包括回热器热端换热器10、回热器11、脉管制冷机冷端集气管12、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15、常温惯性管17、常温气库18，回热器热端换热器10与回热器11相连，回热器11与脉管15同轴排列，回热器11、脉管15与脉管冷端换热器14相连，回热器11、脉管15、脉管冷端换热器14分别与脉管制冷机冷端集气管12相连，脉管15与回热器热端换热器10、常温惯性管17、常温气库18依次相连。As shown in Figure 3, the two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube (coaxial type) gas-coupled cascaded multi-stage low-temperature refrigerators using normal temperature inertial tubes and normal temperature gas storage phase modulation include compressor 1, two-stage Stirling The Stirling refrigerator 2, the pulse tube refrigerator 9, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 through the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end flow channel 7, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end gas collector 8 and the pulse tube The tube refrigerators 9 are connected in sequence, and the two-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 includes a motor unit 3, a pressure chamber 4, a displacer 5, and a deflector 6. The motor unit 3 and the displacer 5 are located in the pressure chamber 4, and the motor unit 3 drives The ejector 5 and the pulse tube refrigerator 9 include a regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10, a regenerator 11, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector 12, a pulse tube cold end heat exchanger 14, a pulse tube 15, and a normal temperature inertia Pipe 17, normal temperature gas storage 18, heat exchanger 10 at the hot end of the regenerator is connected to the regenerator 11, the regenerator 11 is arranged coaxially with the pulse tube 15, and the regenerator 11, the pulse tube 15 are exchanged with the cold end of the pulse tube Heater 14 is connected, regenerator 11, pulse tube 15, pulse tube cold end heat exchanger 14 are respectively connected with pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector 12, pulse tube 15 is connected with regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10, normal temperature The inertia tube 17 and the normal temperature gas storage 18 are connected in sequence.

如图4所示，使用低温惯性管和低温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(同轴型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机1、二级斯特林制冷机2、脉管制冷机9，二级斯特林制冷机2通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道7、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管8与脉管制冷机9依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机2包括电动机组3、压力室4、排出器5、导流器6，电动机组3、排出器5位于压力室4中，电动机组3驱动排出器5，脉管制冷机9包括回热器热端换热器10、回热器11、脉管制冷机冷端集气管12、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15、低温惯性管19、低温气库20，回热器热端换热器10与回热器11相连，回热器11与脉管15同轴排列，回热器11、脉管15与脉管冷端换热器14相连，回热器11、脉管15、脉管冷端换热器14分别与脉管制冷机冷端集气管12相连，脉管15与回热器热端换热器10、低温惯性管19、低温气库20依次相连。脉管15、回热器热端换热器10、低温惯性管19、低温气库20分别与第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管8相连。As shown in Figure 4, the two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube (coaxial type) gas-coupled cascaded multi-stage low-temperature refrigerators using low-temperature inertial tubes and low-temperature gas storage phase modulation include compressor 1, two-stage Stirling The Stirling refrigerator 2, the pulse tube refrigerator 9, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 through the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end flow channel 7, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end gas collector 8 and the pulse tube The tube refrigerators 9 are connected in sequence, and the two-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 includes a motor unit 3, a pressure chamber 4, a displacer 5, and a deflector 6. The motor unit 3 and the displacer 5 are located in the pressure chamber 4, and the motor unit 3 drives Ejector 5, pulse tube refrigerator 9 includes regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10, regenerator 11, pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector 12, pulse tube cold end heat exchanger 14, pulse tube 15, low temperature inertia Pipe 19, low-temperature gas storage 20, heat exchanger 10 at the hot end of the regenerator is connected to the regenerator 11, the regenerator 11 is arranged coaxially with the pulse tube 15, and the regenerator 11, the pulse tube 15 are exchanged with the cold end of the pulse tube Heater 14 is connected, regenerator 11, pulse tube 15, and pulse tube cold end heat exchanger 14 are respectively connected with pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector 12, pulse tube 15 is connected with regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10, low temperature The inertia tube 19 and the low-temperature gas storage 20 are connected in sequence. The pulse tube 15, the heat exchanger 10 at the hot end of the regenerator, the low-temperature inertia tube 19, and the low-temperature gas storage 20 are respectively connected to the cold-end gas collector 8 of the second-stage Stirling refrigerator.

如图5所示，使用常温惯性管和常温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(直线型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机1、二级斯特林制冷机2、脉管制冷机9，二级斯特林制冷机2通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道7、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管8与脉管制冷机9依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机2包括电动机组3、压力室4、排出器5、导流器6，电动机组3、排出器5位于压力室4中，电动机组3驱动排出器5，脉管制冷机9包括回热器热端换热器10、回热器11、脉管制冷机冷端集气管12、脉管制冷机冷端流道13、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15、脉管热端换热器16、常温惯性管17、常温气库18，回热器热端换热器10与回热器11、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15、脉管热端换热器16、常温惯性管17、常温气库18依次相连。As shown in Figure 5, the two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube (linear) gas-coupled cascaded multi-stage low-temperature refrigerators using normal temperature inertial tubes and normal temperature gas storage phase modulation include compressor 1, two-stage Stirling Lin refrigerator 2, pulse tube refrigerator 9, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 passes through the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end flow channel 7, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end gas collector 8 and the pulse tube Refrigerators 9 are connected in sequence. The two-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 includes a motor unit 3, a pressure chamber 4, a displacer 5, and a deflector 6. The motor unit 3 and the displacer 5 are located in the pressure chamber 4, and the motor unit 3 drives the discharge 5, the pulse tube refrigerator 9 includes a regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10, a regenerator 11, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector 12, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end flow channel 13, and a pulse tube cold end heat exchanger device 14, pulse tube 15, pulse tube hot end heat exchanger 16, normal temperature inertia tube 17, normal temperature gas storage 18, regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10 and regenerator 11, pulse tube cold end heat exchanger 14, The pulse tube 15, the heat exchanger 16 at the hot end of the pulse tube, the inertia tube 17 at normal temperature, and the gas storehouse 18 at normal temperature are connected in sequence.

如图6所示，使用低温惯性管和低温气库调相的二级斯特林和单级脉管(直线型)气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机包括压缩机1、二级斯特林制冷机2、脉管制冷机9，二级斯特林制冷机2通过第二级斯特林制冷机冷端流道7、第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管8与脉管制冷机9依次相连，二级斯特林制冷机2包括电动机组3、压力室4、排出器5、导流器6，电动机组3、排出器5位于压力室4中，电动机组3驱动排出器5，脉管制冷机9包括回热器热端换热器10、回热器11、脉管制冷机冷端集气管12、脉管制冷机冷端流道13、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15、脉管热端换热器16、低温惯性管19、低温气库20，回热器热端换热器10与回热器11、脉管冷端换热器14、脉管15、脉管热端换热器16、低温惯性管19、低温气库20依次相连，脉管热端换热器16、低温惯性管19、低温气库20分别与第二级斯特林制冷机冷端集气管8相连。As shown in Figure 6, the two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube (linear) gas-coupled cascaded multi-stage low-temperature refrigerators using low-temperature inertial tubes and low-temperature gas storage phase modulation include compressor 1, two-stage Stirling Lin refrigerator 2, pulse tube refrigerator 9, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 passes through the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end flow channel 7, the second-stage Stirling refrigerator cold-end gas collector 8 and the pulse tube Refrigerators 9 are connected in sequence. The two-stage Stirling refrigerator 2 includes a motor unit 3, a pressure chamber 4, a displacer 5, and a deflector 6. The motor unit 3 and the displacer 5 are located in the pressure chamber 4, and the motor unit 3 drives the discharge 5, the pulse tube refrigerator 9 includes a regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10, a regenerator 11, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end gas collector 12, a pulse tube refrigerator cold end flow channel 13, and a pulse tube cold end heat exchanger device 14, pulse tube 15, pulse tube hot end heat exchanger 16, low temperature inertia tube 19, low temperature gas storage 20, regenerator hot end heat exchanger 10 and regenerator 11, pulse tube cold end heat exchanger 14, The pulse tube 15, the heat exchanger at the hot end of the pulse tube 16, the low-temperature inertia tube 19, and the low-temperature gas storage 20 are connected in sequence, and the heat exchanger 16 at the hot end of the pulse tube, the low-temperature inertia tube 19, and the low-temperature gas storage 20 are respectively connected to the second-stage St. The cold end gas collector 8 of the forest refrigerator is connected to each other.

综上所述，本发明包括三部分。第一部分是二级斯特林和单级脉管直线型气耦合级联的多级低温制冷机；第二部分是单级高频脉管制冷机的回热器和脉管可以采用U型、同轴型和直线型布置；第三部分是单级高频脉管制冷机的调相方式可以是常温惯性管与常温气库的组合和低温惯性管与低温气库的组合。In summary, the present invention includes three parts. The first part is a two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube linear gas-coupled cascaded multi-stage low-temperature refrigerator; the second part is a single-stage high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator. The regenerator and pulse tube can be U-shaped, Coaxial and linear arrangements; the third part is the phase modulation method of the single-stage high-frequency pulse tube refrigerator, which can be a combination of a normal temperature inertia tube and a normal temperature gas store, or a combination of a low temperature inertia tube and a low temperature gas store.

Claims (6)

1. the multistage Cryo Refrigerator of a two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupled cascade, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2), vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) is by second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction runner (7), second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction discharge (8) links to each other successively with vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) comprises motor unit (3), balancing gate pit (4), displacer (5), air deflector (6), motor unit (3), displacer (5) is arranged in balancing gate pit (4), motor unit (3) drives displacer (5), vascular refrigerator (9) comprises regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10), regenerator (11), vascular refrigerator cold junction discharge (12), vascular refrigerator cold junction runner (13), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15), vascular hot-side heat exchanger (16), normal temperature inertia tube (17), normal temperature air reservoir (18), regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10) links to each other with regenerator (11), regenerator (11) and vascular refrigerator cold junction runner (13), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15) links to each other successively, regenerator (11), vascular refrigerator cold junction runner (13), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15) links to each other with vascular refrigerator cold junction discharge (12) respectively, vascular (15) and vascular hot-side heat exchanger (16), normal temperature inertia tube (17), normal temperature air reservoir (18) links to each other successively.
2. the multistage Cryo Refrigerator of a two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupled cascade, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2), vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) is by second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction runner (7), second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction discharge (8) links to each other successively with vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) comprises motor unit (3), balancing gate pit (4), displacer (5), air deflector (6), motor unit (3), displacer (5) is arranged in balancing gate pit (4), motor unit (3) drives displacer (5), vascular refrigerator (9) comprises regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10), regenerator (11), vascular refrigerator cold junction discharge (12), vascular refrigerator cold junction runner (13), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15), vascular hot-side heat exchanger (16), low temperature inertia tube (17), low temperature air reservoir (18), regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10) links to each other with regenerator (11), regenerator (11) and vascular refrigerator cold junction runner (13), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15) links to each other successively, regenerator (11), vascular refrigerator cold junction runner (13), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15) links to each other with vascular refrigerator cold junction discharge (12) respectively, vascular (15) and vascular hot-side heat exchanger (16), low temperature inertia tube (17), low temperature air reservoir (18) links to each other successively, vascular hot-side heat exchanger (16), low temperature inertia tube (17), low temperature air reservoir (18) links to each other with second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction discharge (8) respectively.
3. the multistage Cryo Refrigerator of a two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupled cascade, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2), vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) is by second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction runner (7), second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction discharge (8) links to each other successively with vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) comprises motor unit (3), balancing gate pit (4), displacer (5), air deflector (6), motor unit (3), displacer (5) is arranged in balancing gate pit (4), motor unit (3) drives displacer (5), vascular refrigerator (9) comprises regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10), regenerator (11), vascular refrigerator cold junction discharge (12), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15), normal temperature inertia tube (17), normal temperature air reservoir (18), regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10) links to each other with regenerator (11), regenerator (11) and vascular (15) arranged in co-axial alignment, regenerator (11), vascular (15) links to each other with vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), regenerator (11), vascular (15), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14) links to each other with vascular refrigerator cold junction discharge (12) respectively, vascular (15) and regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10), normal temperature inertia tube (17), normal temperature air reservoir (18) links to each other successively.
4. the multistage Cryo Refrigerator of a two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupled cascade, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2), vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) is by second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction runner (7), second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction discharge (8) links to each other successively with vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) comprises motor unit (3), balancing gate pit (4), displacer (5), air deflector (6), motor unit (3), displacer (5) is arranged in balancing gate pit (4), motor unit (3) drives displacer (5), vascular refrigerator (9) comprises regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10), regenerator (11), vascular refrigerator cold junction discharge (12), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15), low temperature inertia tube (19), low temperature air reservoir (20), regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10) links to each other with regenerator (11), regenerator (11) and vascular (15) arranged in co-axial alignment, regenerator (11), vascular (15) links to each other with vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), regenerator (11), vascular (15), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14) links to each other with vascular refrigerator cold junction discharge (12) respectively, vascular (15) and regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10), low temperature inertia tube (19), low temperature air reservoir (20) links to each other successively, vascular (15), regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10), low temperature inertia tube (19), low temperature air reservoir (20) links to each other with second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction discharge (8) respectively.
5. the multistage Cryo Refrigerator of a two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupled cascade, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2), vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) is by second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction runner (7), second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction discharge (8) links to each other successively with vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) comprises motor unit (3), balancing gate pit (4), displacer (5), air deflector (6), motor unit (3), displacer (5) is arranged in balancing gate pit (4), motor unit (3) drives displacer (5), vascular refrigerator (9) comprises regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10), regenerator (11), vascular refrigerator cold junction discharge (12), vascular refrigerator cold junction runner (13), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15), vascular hot-side heat exchanger (16), normal temperature inertia tube (17), normal temperature air reservoir (18), regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10) and regenerator (11), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15), vascular hot-side heat exchanger (16), normal temperature inertia tube (17), normal temperature air reservoir (18) links to each other successively.
6. the multistage Cryo Refrigerator of a two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupled cascade, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2), vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) is by second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction runner (7), second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction discharge (8) links to each other successively with vascular refrigerator (9), two-stage Stirling refrigeration machine (2) comprises motor unit (3), balancing gate pit (4), displacer (5), air deflector (6), motor unit (3), displacer (5) is arranged in balancing gate pit (4), motor unit (3) drives displacer (5), vascular refrigerator (9) comprises regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10), regenerator (11), vascular refrigerator cold junction discharge (12), vascular refrigerator cold junction runner (13), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15), vascular hot-side heat exchanger (16), low temperature inertia tube (19), low temperature air reservoir (20), regenerator hot end heat exchanger (10) and regenerator (11), vascular cold end heat exchanger (14), vascular (15), vascular hot-side heat exchanger (16), low temperature inertia tube (19), low temperature air reservoir (20) links to each other successively, vascular hot-side heat exchanger (16), low temperature inertia tube (19), low temperature air reservoir (20) links to each other with second level sterlin refrigerator cold junction discharge (8) respectively.
CN2010102203394A 2010-07-06 2010-07-06 Two-stage Stirling and single-stage pulse tube gas coupling cascaded multi-stage low temperature refrigerator Expired - Fee Related CN102313395B (en)

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CN103062952B (en) * 2013-01-30 2014-12-03 浙江大学 Pulse tube/Stirling gas coupling composite multi-stage refrigerator
CN106440449B (en) * 2016-11-01 2019-02-15 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator
CN107356008B (en) * 2017-07-17 2022-11-11 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 A coaxial one-stage Stirling two-stage pulse-tube hybrid refrigerator intermediate heat exchanger
CN107687718B (en) * 2017-08-09 2019-11-12 中国科学院理化技术研究所 A multi-stage Stirling refrigerator
CN112240650B (en) * 2020-09-15 2021-11-19 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Straight-through slit precooling heat exchanger of precooling type low-temperature throttling refrigerator and manufacturing method

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