CN103047788B - J-T throttling refrigeration circulating system driven by low-temperature linear compressor - Google Patents
J-T throttling refrigeration circulating system driven by low-temperature linear compressor Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010358 mechanical oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a J-T throttling refrigeration circulating system driven by a low-temperature linear compressor. The J-T throttling refrigeration circulating system comprises a refrigeration unit and a precooling unit, wherein the refrigeration unit comprises the one-stage low-temperature linear compressor, a heat exchanger before throttling, a throttling valve and an evaporator, the precooling unit comprises a one-stage precooling heat exchanger and a precooling mechanism, the outlet of the one-stage low-temperature linear compressor is communicated with a high-temperature side pipeline of the one-stage precooling heat exchanger, a high-temperature side pipeline of the heat exchanger before throttling, the throttling valve, a low-temperature side pipeline of the heat exchanger before throttling and the inlet of the compressor sequentially through pipelines to form a circulating loop, and the outlet of the precooling mechanism is communicated with a low-temperature side pipeline of the one-stage precooling heat exchanger, a surface coil pipe of the one-stage low-temperature linear compressor and the inlet of the precooling mechanism sequentially through pipelines to form a circulating precooling loop. According to the refrigeration circulating system, the compressor which works at the low temperature is used, pressure losses of a refrigerating medium, which are caused by the reverse-flow heat exchanger, are reduced, the pressure ratio of two ends of the throttling valve is increased, and the J-T throttling refrigeration performance is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigeration technology field, specifically relate to a kind of J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor.
Background technology
Along with the development of space exploration technology, increasing detector is had to be operated in 4K and mK level warm area, and mK level warm area must provide precooling by 4K warm area, so 4K warm area is an extremely important warm area in space exploration, be the Focal point and difficult point of scientific research always.
The refrigeration modes of space liquid helium region mainly contains liquid helium (or superfluid helium) Dewar technology and mechanical refrigeration technology.Wherein liquid helium Dewar Refrigeration Technique utilizes the evaporation endothermic of liquid helium or the superfluid helium be stored in high vacuum multiple layer heat insulation storage tank to realize refrigeration effect, this mode can obtain more stable temperature, space flight field of detecting in early days has a wide range of applications, technology relative maturity, but it exists, and volume is large, Heavy Weight, adiabatic system are complicated, launch cost is high and be subject to the shortcomings such as working medium memory space restriction service life.Along with progress and the development of mechanical refrigeration technology, the particularly application of the technology such as flat spring and clearance seal, thoroughly solve the long-life problem that Dewar technology cannot overcome all the time, make mechanical refrigeration technology as fast-developing and occupy suitable share at space industry over nearly 20 years in sterlin refrigerator and vascular refrigerator.And at below 15K warm area, the sterlin refrigerator that helium substantial deviation perfect gas character, regenerative material volumetric specific heat capacity sharply descend degradation reason to cause to use in a large number in space and stirling-type vascular refrigerator lower at liquid helium region refrigerating efficiency.Often wish that compressor unit can be convenient to the dissipation of heat as far as possible near heat-sink unit in real space application, as far as possible away from cooled detector assembly with the heat dissipation reducing compressor and bring, mechanical oscillation and electromagnetic interference.And the cold junction of regenerating type low-temperature refrigerator and hot junction are apart from closer, be difficult to realize the requirement that compressor and cold head split, thus limit its application in space tasks.
Joule-Thompson j-t refrigerator (Joule-Thomson Cooler, hereinafter referred to as J-T j-t refrigerator) when utilizing temperature lower than 15K, significantly the Joule-Thomson throttle effect that causes of this feature is to obtain refrigeration for the non-ideal characteristic of helium, and efficiency is higher.And J-T refrigeration machine does not have cold junction moving component, working medium direct current flows, and the series of advantages that cold head can bring according to the structure of the required cooling feature such as carry out freely designing makes J-T refrigeration machine become the main flow of space liquid helium region task.
J-T refrigerator compressor unit can be divided into on-mechanical compressor and mechanical compressor two class.The former mainly adopts adsorption compression machine, is one of focus of current J-T refrigeration machine research, have the features such as movement-less part, mechanical oscillation and electromagnetic interference are little, but the efficiency of adsorption compression machine is generally on the low side, the structure also more complicated of compressor assembly; At room temperature, although the certain mechanical oscillation of the inevasible existence of compressor unit and electromagnetic interference, mechanical compress machine technology relative maturity, system architecture is simple, and efficiency comparison is high in latter work.And for long-life of space liquid helium region, low vibration, without the requirement of oil, having Linearkompressor in mechanical compressor at present only can meet.Therefore Linearkompressor is the main driving type of current J-T refrigeration machine real space application.Mostly there is the not high technical problem of refrigeration performance in the J-T refrigeration machine of current existence.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor, this cooling cycle system adopts the compressor of low operating temperatures, decrease the pressure loss that cold-producing medium produces because of counter-flow heat exchanger, when compressor import and export pressure ratio is identical, add choke valve two ends pressure ratio, improve J-T throttling refrigeration performance.
A J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system for low-temperature linear driven compressor, comprises refrigeration unit and pre-cooling unit, and described refrigeration unit comprises heat exchanger, choke valve and evaporimeter before one-level low-temperature linear compressor, throttling; Described pre-cooling unit comprises one-level precool heat exchanger device and precooling mechanism; According to refrigerant flow direction, described one-level low-temperature linear compressor outlet is communicated with evaporator inlet with the high temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger before the high temperature side pipeline of one-level precool heat exchanger device, throttling, choke valve successively by pipeline, and evaporator outlet passes through pipeline and is communicated with suction port of compressor with the low temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger before throttling successively and forms closed circuit; Flow to according to precooling agent, the outlet of described precooling mechanism is communicated with the low temperature side pipeline of one-level precool heat exchanger device, the surperficial coil pipe of one-level low-temperature linear compressor and precooling mechanism entrance successively by pipeline and forms circulating precooling loop.
If compressor work at low temperatures, its coil resistance can reduce greatly, and the Joule heat itself produced also can reduce thereupon, and its thermic load maintaining low temperature environment is Joule heat and working medium heat of compression sum, also can greatly reduce.J-T j-t refrigerator for the deep cooling warm area compressed under normal temperature often needs multi-level countercurrent heat exchanger to reclaim cold, if compressor directly compresses at low temperatures, then can reduce counter-flow heat exchanger number, thus the pressure drop that multiple heat exchanger brings can be reduced, before making throttling, pressure is more close to Compressor Discharge Pressure, after throttling, pressure is closer to suction pressure of compressor, the temperature drop that throttling causes is larger, can obtain lower cryogenic temperature or larger refrigerating capacity (better refrigeration performance).Its working medium can be helium, hydrogen, and neon (rare gas is very expensive, generally need not), nitrogen etc., low temperature environment residing for its compressor is depending on its working medium and cryogenic temperature requirement.
For improving refrigeration performance further, as preferably, described one-level low-temperature linear compressor is superconduction Linearkompressor.Superconduction Linearkompressor is the Linearkompressor of work employing superconducting coil at low temperatures, the advantage of its existing normal linear compressor, and shows better performance at low temperatures.Adopt superconducting motor Linearkompressor lower than below its coil method temperature time, its resistance is almost nil, thus eliminates the copper loss of superconduction Linearkompressor, thus eliminate corresponding coil produce Joule heat.Therefore when superconduction Linearkompressor works below its coil method critical-temperature, the thermic load himself produced is only the heat of compression that compression working medium produces, that is for its refrigerating capacity maintained needed for low temperature environment is less.So adopt the circulation of the liquid helium region J-T throttling refrigeration of superconduction Linearkompressor just can more efficiently obtain liquid helium region refrigeration performance, there is compact conformation, life-span length, high reliability simultaneously.
In actual use procedure, as preferably, compressor can adopt multi-stage compression, such as, when adopting two stages of compression, the pipeline before described one-level precool heat exchanger device high temperature side tube outlet and throttling between heat exchanger high temperature side line entry is also provided with secondary low-temperature linear compressor and secondary precool heat exchanger device; The high temperature side pipeline connection of described secondary low-temperature linear suction port of compressor and one-level precool heat exchanger device, secondary low-temperature linear compressor outlet is communicated with heat exchanger high temperature side line entry before throttling by the high temperature side pipeline of secondary precool heat exchanger device; The low temperature side line entry of described secondary precool heat exchanger device by pipeline simultaneously with precooling mechanism outlet, outlet is communicated with the surperficial coil inlet of secondary low-temperature linear compressor; The surperficial coil outlets of secondary low-temperature linear compressor is communicated with the entrance of precooling mechanism by pipeline simultaneously.When adopting two stages of compression, at first order low-temperature linear compressor outlet, working medium is cooled to first order low-temperature linear compressor air suction temperature, and then enters second level low-temperature linear compressor, the caloric value of second level compression can be reduced, also can reduce total input work, improve cycle efficieny.As preferred further, described secondary low-temperature linear compressor is superconduction Linearkompressor.
Also Linearkompressor can be increased according to actual needs in refrigeration unit, as preferably, the pipeline before described throttling between the low temperature side tube outlet of heat exchanger and one-level low-temperature linear suction port of compressor is also provided with Linearkompressor, first-class heat exchanger, High Temperature Pre cold heat exchanger, secondary heat exchanger; According to refrigerant flow direction, before described throttling, the low temperature side tube outlet of heat exchanger is communicated with described Linearkompressor entrance with the low temperature side pipeline of secondary heat exchanger, the low temperature side pipeline of first-class heat exchanger successively by pipeline, and Linearkompressor is exported and is communicated with described one-level low-temperature linear suction port of compressor with the high temperature side pipeline of the high temperature side pipeline of first-class heat exchanger, High Temperature Pre cold heat exchanger and secondary heat exchanger successively by pipeline.
Described precooling mechanism can need the temperature of work different according to low-temperature linear compressor, select the refrigeration mechanism of different cold-producing medium, such as: if compressor need be operated in 20K, so generally use liquid hydrogen as the cryogen of cooling compressor, also can be helium, corresponding refrigeration mechanism can be selected hydrogen absorption type refrigerating mechanism or take hydrogen as the J-T throttling refrigeration mechanism of working medium, or take helium as regenerative refrigerating mechanism (the GM refrigeration machine of working medium, sterlin refrigerator, GM vascular refrigerator, Stirling vascular refrigerator or Stirling/vascular composite refrigerator).If compressor operating is at about 80K warm area, it is the J-T throttling refrigeration mechanism of working medium that described refrigeration mechanism can adopt with nitrogen, or is the regenerative refrigerating mechanism of working medium with helium.
For obtaining the refrigeration temperature area of 4K, as preferably, described cold-producing medium is helium, and described precooling mechanism is for providing the precooling mechanism of below 20K temperature low-temperature receiver; The coil of described superconduction Linearkompressor is the superconductor of critical-temperature higher than 20K; The cold-producing medium of described one-level precool heat exchanger device refrigerant outlet need be chilled to 20K and following temperature in advance.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
(1) the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system adjustability of low-temperature linear driven compressor of the present invention is stronger, the form that single-stage or multistage superconduction Linearkompressor compress below coil method critical-temperature can be adopted, also Linearkompressor one stage of compression at normal temperatures can be adopted, superconduction Linearkompressor in coil method critical-temperature with the form of next stage or two-stage compression, former structure is compacter, circulate self theoretical Energy Efficiency Ratio (Kano COP) of J-T is high, the latter is conducive to realizing larger pressure ratio and reduces compressor cost, can select according to actual needs.
(2) the present invention adopts the linear compressor operating of superconduction in the low temperature environment of about 20K, compresses the working medium of liquid helium region J-T throttling refrigeration circulation, is conducive to increasing actual pressure ratio before and after throttling, promotes this circularly cooling performance.Simultaneously because superconduction Linearkompressor have employed superconducting coil, eliminate the copper loss caused by resistance in superconduction Linearkompressor linear electric machine, effectively improve the efficiency of compressor.Therefore circulated will be had higher efficiency by the liquid helium region J-T throttling refrigeration of the linear driven compressor of superconduction, also there is life-span length, high reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the first embodiment schematic diagram of the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the second embodiment schematic diagram of the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the third embodiment schematic diagram of the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor of the present invention.
The T-s schematic diagram that Fig. 4 is the circulatory system shown in Fig. 1.
The T-s schematic diagram that Fig. 5 is the circulatory system shown in Fig. 2.
Wherein: 1: one-level low-temperature linear compressor, 2: one-level precool heat exchanger device, 3: heat exchanger, 4 before throttling: choke valve, 5: evaporimeter, 6: precooling mechanism, 7: one-level low-temperature linear compressor surface coil pipe, 8: Linearkompressor, 9: first-class heat exchanger, 10: High Temperature Pre cold heat exchanger, 11: secondary heat exchanger, 12: secondary low-temperature linear compressor, 13: secondary low-temperature linear compressor surface coil pipe, 14: secondary precool heat exchanger device.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor, comprises refrigeration unit and pre-cooling unit, and refrigeration unit comprises heat exchanger 3, choke valve 4 and evaporimeter 5 before one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1, throttling; Pre-cooling unit comprises one-level precool heat exchanger device 2 and precooling mechanism 6, and wherein one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 is superconduction Linearkompressor.
Annexation between refrigeration unit and each parts of pre-cooling unit is:
According to refrigerant flow direction, one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 is exported and is communicated with evaporimeter 5 entrance with the high temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger 3 before the high temperature side pipeline of one-level precool heat exchanger device 2, throttling, choke valve 4 successively by pipeline, and evaporimeter 5 is exported to be communicated with compressor 1 entrance with the low temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger before throttling 3 successively by pipeline and forms closed circuit;
Flow to according to precooling agent, precooling mechanism 6 is exported to be communicated with the low temperature side pipeline of one-level precool heat exchanger device 2, the surperficial coil pipe 7 of one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 and precooling mechanism 6 entrance successively by pipeline and forms circulating precooling loop.
In refrigeration unit and pre-cooling unit, the course of work of working medium is respectively:
The course of work of refrigeration unit inner refrigerant is: cold-producing medium is compressed to high pressure by one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 and is discharged, flow through high temperature side pipeline and the choke valve 4 of heat exchanger 3 before one-level precool heat exchanger device 2, throttling, evaporimeter 5 is flowed into after reaching liquid helium region to low pressure in choke valve 4 place's throttling, after evaporimeter 5 boil-off gas, enter the low temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger 3 before throttling, finally return one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1.
In pre-cooling unit, the course of work of precooling agent is: precooling agent is by precooling mechanism 6, flow through one-level precool heat exchanger device 2 and one-level low-temperature linear compressor surface coil pipe 7, after cooling one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 exports working medium and one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1, return precooling mechanism 6.
Precooling mechanism 6 need provide the low-temperature receiver of below 20K temperature and the power set of conveying precooling agent, precooling mechanism is optional selects with helium is regenerative refrigerating mechanism (the GM refrigeration machine of working medium, sterlin refrigerator, GM vascular refrigerator, Stirling vascular refrigerator or Stirling/vascular composite refrigerator).One-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 coil adopts critical-temperature higher than the superconductor of 20K.System is as above-mentioned flow process and require to install, and after installing, is evacuated to 10 to internal system
-2about Pa, is then filled with high-purity helium, keeps being evacuated to 10 to internal system again in about 5 minutes
-2about Pa.After so repeatedly vacuumizing inflation 3-4 time, be finally filled with high-purity helium of operating pressure, can the purity of helium working medium in guarantee system.Open precooling mechanism 6, make precooling agent in precooling mechanism 6 flow through one-level precool heat exchanger device 2 one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 is exported working medium to be chilled to 20K and following temperature in advance, flow through one-level low-temperature linear compressor surface coil pipe 7 afterwards and one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 is cooled to below the critical-temperature of the coil method of one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1, finally flow back to precooling mechanism 6.Then, regulate the running frequency of one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 to liquid helium region J-T throttling refrigeration circulation frequency optimum traffic.Before system stability, regulate precooling mechanism 6 with stable operation below the critical-temperature ensureing one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 coil method, and one-level precool heat exchanger device 2 sender property outlet temperature stabilization is in 20K and following temperature simultaneously.Liquid helium temperature and corresponding refrigerating capacity can be obtained at evaporimeter 5 place after system stability.Fig. 4 is the T-s schematic diagram of the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of the low-temperature linear driven compressor of present embodiment.In Fig. 4, each numbering curve is the conditional curve of working medium in the corresponding numbered block of Fig. 1.
Embodiment 2
A J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system for low-temperature linear driven compressor, and embodiment 1 is as shown in Figure 2 distinguished and is: the pipeline before one-level precool heat exchanger device 2 high temperature side tube outlet and throttling between heat exchanger 3 high temperature side line entry is also provided with secondary low-temperature linear compressor 12 and secondary precool heat exchanger device 14.The wherein high temperature side pipeline connection of secondary low-temperature linear compressor 12 entrance and one-level precool heat exchanger device 2, secondary low-temperature linear compressor 12 is exported and is communicated with heat exchanger before throttling 3 high temperature side line entry by the high temperature side pipeline of secondary precool heat exchanger device 14; The low temperature side line entry of secondary precool heat exchanger device 14 by pipeline simultaneously with precooling mechanism 6 outlet, the low temperature side tube outlet of secondary precool heat exchanger device 14 is communicated with surperficial coil pipe 13 entrance of secondary low-temperature linear compressor 12; The surperficial coil pipe 13 of secondary low-temperature linear compressor 12 is exported and is communicated with the entrance of precooling mechanism 6 by pipeline simultaneously.
Precooling mechanism 6 need provide the low-temperature receiver of below 20K temperature and the power set of conveying precooling agent, precooling mechanism is optional selects with helium is regenerative refrigerating mechanism (the GM refrigeration machine of working medium, sterlin refrigerator, GM vascular refrigerator, Stirling vascular refrigerator or Stirling/vascular composite refrigerator).One-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 coil adopts critical-temperature higher than the superconductor of 20K.System is as above-mentioned flow process and require to install, and after installing, is evacuated to 10 to internal system
-2about Pa, is then filled with high-purity helium, keeps being evacuated to 10 to internal system again in about 5 minutes
-2about Pa.After so repeatedly vacuumizing inflation 3-4 time, be finally filled with high-purity helium of operating pressure, can the purity of helium working medium in guarantee system.Open precooling mechanism 6, precooling agent in precooling mechanism 6 is made to flow through one-level precool heat exchanger device 2 and secondary precool heat exchanger device 14 respectively, one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 and secondary low-temperature linear compressor 12 outlet temperature are cooled to 20K and following temperature, flow through one-level low-temperature linear compressor surface coil pipe 7 and secondary low temperature compression and surperficial coil pipe 13 afterwards respectively, and one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 and secondary low-temperature linear compressor 12 are cooled to below the critical-temperature of the coil method of one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 and secondary low-temperature linear compressor 12, finally flow back to precooling mechanism 6.Then, regulate the running frequency of one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 to liquid helium region J-T throttling refrigeration circulation frequency optimum traffic.Before system stability, regulate precooling mechanism 6 with stable operation below the critical-temperature ensureing one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 coil method, and one-level precool heat exchanger device 2 sender property outlet temperature stabilization is in 20K and following temperature simultaneously.Liquid helium temperature and corresponding refrigerating capacity can be obtained at evaporimeter 5 place after system stability.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor, comprise refrigeration unit and pre-cooling unit, refrigeration unit comprises heat exchanger 3, choke valve 4, evaporimeter 5, Linearkompressor 8, first-class heat exchanger 9, High Temperature Pre cold heat exchanger 10 and secondary heat exchanger 11 before one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1, throttling; Pre-cooling unit comprises one-level precool heat exchanger device 2 and precooling mechanism 6, and wherein one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 is superconduction Linearkompressor.
In refrigeration unit and pre-cooling unit, the course of work of working medium is respectively:
The course of work of refrigeration unit inner refrigerant is: cold-producing medium is compressed to high pressure by Linearkompressor 8 and discharges, flow through first-class heat exchanger 9, one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 is entered after High Temperature Pre cold heat exchanger 10 and secondary heat exchanger 11, again be compressed into more high pressure discharging, flow through one-level precool heat exchanger device 2, heat exchanger 3 high temperature side pipeline and choke valve 4 before throttling, evaporimeter 5 is flowed into after reaching liquid helium temperature to low pressure in choke valve 4 place's throttling, heat exchanger 3 low temperature side pipeline before throttling is flowed through after evaporimeter 5 boil-off gas, the low temperature side pipeline of secondary heat exchanger 11 and the low temperature side pipeline of first-class heat exchanger 9, finally return Linearkompressor 8.Meanwhile, introduce cold in High Temperature Pre cold heat exchanger 10 and directly cool first-class heat exchanger 9 high temperature side tube outlet working medium.And precooling agent is by precooling mechanism 6, flow through one-level precool heat exchanger device 2 and one-level low-temperature linear compressor surface coil pipe 7, after cooling one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 exports working medium and one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1, return precooling mechanism 6.Precooling mechanism 6 need provide the low-temperature receiver of below 20K temperature and the power set of conveying precooling agent.
One-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 coil adopts critical-temperature higher than the superconductor of 20K.System is as above-mentioned flow process and require to install, and after installing, is evacuated to 10 to internal system
-2about Pa, is then filled with high-purity helium, keeps being evacuated to 10 to internal system again in about 5 minutes
-2about Pa.After so repeatedly vacuumizing inflation 3-4 time, be finally filled with high-purity helium of operating pressure, can the purity of helium working medium in guarantee system.Working medium in cold cooling liquid helium J-T circulating with choke is introduced in High Temperature Pre cold heat exchanger 10, open precooling mechanism 6, make precooling agent in precooling mechanism 6 flow through one-level low-temperature linear compressor surface coil pipe 7 and one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 is cooled to below the critical-temperature of one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 coil method.Then, linear adjustment compressor 8 respectively, the running frequency of one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 is to liquid helium region J-T throttling refrigeration circulation frequency optimum traffic.Before system stability, the cold regulating High Temperature Pre cold heat exchanger 10 to introduce respectively and precooling mechanism 6 are to ensure one-level low-temperature linear compressor 1 stable operation below the critical-temperature of coil method, and one-level precool heat exchanger device 2 sender property outlet temperature stabilization is in 20K and following temperature.Liquid helium temperature and corresponding refrigerating capacity can be obtained at evaporimeter 9 place after system stability.
Fig. 5 is the T-S schematic diagram of the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of the low-temperature linear driven compressor of embodiment.In Fig. 5, each numbering curve is the conditional curve of working medium in the corresponding numbered block of Fig. 3.
Claims (7)
1. the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of a low-temperature linear driven compressor, comprise refrigeration unit and pre-cooling unit, it is characterized in that, described refrigeration unit comprises heat exchanger (3), choke valve (4) and evaporimeter (5) before one-level low-temperature linear compressor (1), throttling; Described pre-cooling unit comprises one-level precool heat exchanger device (2) and precooling mechanism (6); According to refrigerant flow direction, the outlet of described one-level low-temperature linear compressor (1) is communicated with evaporimeter (5) entrance with the high temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger (3) before the high temperature side pipeline of one-level precool heat exchanger device (2), throttling, choke valve (4) successively by pipeline, and evaporimeter (5) is exported to be communicated with one-level low-temperature linear compressor (1) entrance with the low temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger before throttling (3) successively by pipeline and forms closed circuit; Flow to according to precooling agent, the outlet of described precooling mechanism (6) is communicated with precooling mechanism (6) entrance with the surperficial coil pipe (7) of the low temperature side pipeline of one-level precool heat exchanger device (2), one-level low-temperature linear compressor (1) successively by pipeline and forms circulating precooling loop.
2. the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described one-level low-temperature linear compressor (1) is superconduction Linearkompressor.
3. the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the pipeline before described one-level precool heat exchanger device (2) high temperature side tube outlet and throttling between heat exchanger (3) high temperature side line entry is also provided with secondary low-temperature linear compressor (12) and secondary precool heat exchanger device (14); The high temperature side pipeline connection of described secondary low-temperature linear compressor (12) entrance and one-level precool heat exchanger device (2), secondary low-temperature linear compressor (12) outlet is communicated with heat exchanger before throttling (3) high temperature side line entry by the high temperature side pipeline of secondary precool heat exchanger device (14); The low temperature side line entry of described secondary precool heat exchanger device (14) by pipeline simultaneously with precooling mechanism (6) outlet, outlet is communicated with surperficial coil pipe (13) entrance of secondary low-temperature linear compressor (12); Surperficial coil pipe (13) outlet of secondary low-temperature linear compressor (12) is communicated with the entrance of precooling mechanism (6) by pipeline simultaneously.
4. the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described secondary low-temperature linear compressor (12) is superconduction Linearkompressor.
5. the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the pipeline before described throttling between the low temperature side tube outlet of heat exchanger (3) and one-level low-temperature linear compressor (1) entrance is also provided with Linearkompressor (8), first-class heat exchanger (9), High Temperature Pre cold heat exchanger (10), secondary heat exchanger (11); According to refrigerant flow direction, before described throttling, the low temperature side tube outlet of heat exchanger (3) is communicated with described Linearkompressor (8) entrance with the low temperature side pipeline of secondary heat exchanger (11), the low temperature side pipeline of first-class heat exchanger (9) successively by pipeline, and Linearkompressor (8) is exported and is communicated with described one-level low-temperature linear compressor (1) entrance with the high temperature side pipeline of the high temperature side pipeline of first-class heat exchanger (9), High Temperature Pre cold heat exchanger (10) and secondary heat exchanger (11) successively by pipeline.
6. the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of the low-temperature linear driven compressor according to the arbitrary claim of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described precooling mechanism (6) is hydrogen absorption type refrigerating mechanism, take hydrogen as the J-T throttling refrigeration mechanism of working medium, take nitrogen as the J-T throttling refrigeration mechanism of working medium or take helium as the regenerative refrigerating mechanism of working medium.
7. the J-T throttling refrigeration circulatory system of low-temperature linear driven compressor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described cold-producing medium is helium, and described precooling mechanism (6) is for providing the precooling mechanism of 20 below K temperature low-temperature receivers; The coil of described superconduction Linearkompressor is the superconductor of critical-temperature higher than 20 K; The cold-producing medium of described one-level precool heat exchanger device (2) refrigerant outlet need be chilled to 20 K and following temperature in advance.
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| DE102014225481A1 (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-16 | Bruker Biospin Gmbh | Cryostat with a first and a second helium tank, which are separated liquid-tight from each other at least in a lower region |
| CN107560226B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-09-25 | 浙江大学 | Precooling type direct throttling JT refrigerating machine in liquid hydrogen temperature zone |
| CN112212719B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-12-30 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Bypass type low-temperature negative pressure heat exchanger for pre-cooling JT (joint temperature) refrigerating machine and design method |
| CN112611122B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-11-09 | 同济大学 | Steam backheating combined cycle refrigerator and refrigerator adopting same |
| CN113555181B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-10-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Forced flow circulating precooling system for superconducting magnet |
| CN115388688A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-11-25 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Integrated low-temperature optical element with internal flow channel and throttling refrigeration equipment thereof |
| CN115264988B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-08-09 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Low-temperature structure of throttling refrigerator and coupled adsorption refrigerator and implementation method |
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