CN104654648A - Multistage Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator - Google Patents
Multistage Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN104654648A CN104654648A CN201310596108.7A CN201310596108A CN104654648A CN 104654648 A CN104654648 A CN 104654648A CN 201310596108 A CN201310596108 A CN 201310596108A CN 104654648 A CN104654648 A CN 104654648A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multistage Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator. The multistage Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator comprises a compressor, n stages of cooling heads and n stages of ladder push piston systems, wherein n is an integer larger than 1, each cooling head comprises a cooler, a heat regenerator, a cooling heat exchanger and pulse tubes, the cooling heat exchanger of the n stage of cooling head serves as the n stage of cooling capacity output end, a compression cavity of the compressor is connected with coolers in the cooling heads, push piston working cavities of the n stages of ladder push piston systems are respectively connected with the pulse tubes, push piston back working cavities of the n stages of ladder push piston systems are communicated with the compression cavity of the compressor, wherein a regulating cavity is connected between the pulse tube of at least one stage of cooling head and the connected ladder push piston working cavity. Compared with the prior art, the multistage Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator enables the gas flow rate and pressure of the cold ends of the pulse tubes to work at the best phase angles through regulating the volume of the cavity, and meanwhile, the multistage Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator gives consideration to the input power distribution of each stage, and moreover, the expansion power can be recycled, and the theoretical efficiency is the same with that of a Carnot engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vascular refrigerator, especially relate to a kind of multi-stage stirling type vascular refrigerator.
Background technology
Stirling-type vascular refrigerator does not have the moving component under low temperature, and its compressor can adopt linear electric motors and flat spring to suspend, thus the life-span of compressor is very long, and efficiency is very high.In 77K refrigeration temperature area, in existing small-sized Cryo Refrigerator, the life-span of stirling-type vascular refrigerator is the highest, and efficiency is also the highest.For obtaining low temperature, as 20-4K cryogenic temperature, multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine is necessary.At present, twin-stage stirling-type vascular refrigerator is practical at 35K warm area.Encounter temperature at 20K warm area to be difficult to reduce, efficiency is difficult to the difficulty improved.20K is liquid hydrogen warm area, has very important purposes, as liquefaction of hydrogen, and cryogenic pump etc.
Have phase-shifter in the hot junction of the vascular of vascular refrigerator, its effect allows the flow of the gas of vascular cold junction and pressure have an optimum phase angle, thus make THERMAL REGENERATOR EFFICIENCIES the highest, and then make the most effective of refrigeration machine.In existing multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine, phase-shifter is generally bidirection air intake type or inertia cast, and its effect at lower temperatures and bad, can not allow the flow of gas of vascular cold junction and pressure duty at optimum phase angle.And under low temperature, phase-shifter is extremely important, the stirling-type vascular refrigerator development progress reason slowly of Here it is why now below 20K cryogenic temperature.Pass in piston-type multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine at ladder, have a ladder pushing piston to make phase-shifter, each ladder formed by ladder pushing piston is passed pistons work chamber and is connected with the hot junction of vascular at different levels respectively.Each ladder is passed pistons work chamber and is reclaimed expansion work, and theoretical efficiency is the same with Carnot efficiency.Therefore a best phase-shifter is looked like.But defect is the ratio of the scavenging volume in each ladder passing pistons work chamber formed by ladder pushing piston determines compressor to input work at different levels.For different purposes, cryogenic temperature at different levels and refrigerating capacity are design loads.Refrigerating capacity is relevant with input work, and thus the ratio of the scavenging volume in each ladder passing pistons work chamber is determined by refrigerating capacity substantially.And the vascular of every one-level is due to operating temperature difference, the scavenging volume needed for phase modulation has an optimum value.Thus, between phase modulation and input work distribute, existing stepped push shifting piston-type phase-shifter can not be taken into account simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art exist defect and a kind of multi-stage stirling type vascular refrigerator is provided.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator, comprise compressor, n level cold head and n level ladder pass piston system, wherein, n be greater than 1 integer, cold head is by cooler, regenerator, cold heat exchanger, vascular, vascular hot junction gas uniform device and vascular tube connector connect to form, cold heat exchanger in n-th grade of cold head is as the cold output of n-th grade, the compression chamber of described compressor is connected by tube connector with the cooler in cold head, the pushing piston working chamber that described n level ladder passes piston system is connected by vascular tube connector with vascular respectively, the pushing piston back of the body working chamber that described n level ladder passes piston system is communicated with the compression chamber of compressor, vascular at least in one-level cold head and be connected with between coupled pushing piston working chamber adjustment chamber.
Compression chamber volume is cyclically-varying, thus make gas pressure be sinusoidal wave change substantially, gas back and forth flows between compression chamber, cold head at different levels and pushing piston working chamber, flowing velocity is sinusoidal wave substantially, by regulating the volume in adjustment chamber, the phase difference that the gas of vascular cold junction flows and pressure changes is made to reach optimum value.
For pre-cooling type connects or manifold type connects between n level cold head.
Between n level cold head for pre-cooling type connect time, n-th grade of cold head contains n regenerator, a n-1 precool heat exchanger device, a cold heat exchanger, vascular, a vascular hot junction gas uniform device and a vascular tube connector, described regenerator and precool heat exchanger device are alternately connected between cooler and cold heat exchanger successively, cold heat exchanger, vascular, vascular hot junction gas uniform device, vascular tube connector are connected successively, are connected between precool heat exchanger device and the cold heat exchanger of peer by heat bridge; The compression chamber of described compressor is connected by tube connector with the cooler in every one-level cold head respectively.
Between n level cold head for manifold type connect time, the compression chamber of described compressor is connected by tube connector with the cooler in first order cold head, regenerator in first order cold head is connected with the regenerator in the cold head of the second level, regenerator device in the cold head of the second level is connected with the regenerator in third level cold head, until the regenerator in (n-1)th grade of cold head and the regenerator in n-th grade of cold head connect.
Further, there are the vascular in n-1 level cold head and coupled ladder to pass between pistons work chamber and are connected with adjustment chamber.
Closer, the vascular in every one-level cold head and coupled ladder are passed between pistons work chamber and are all connected with adjustment chamber.
Described adjustment chamber is the dead volume being equivalent to the pushing piston working chamber adjusting chamber volume.
Described adjustment chamber is the connecting pipe being equivalent to adjust chamber volume.
As preferably, n=2 or 3.
Compared with prior art, multi-stage stirling type vascular refrigerator of the present invention can by regulating the volume in adjustment chamber thus making the flow of the gas of vascular cold junction and pressure duty at optimum phase angle, take into account the distribution of input work at different levels simultaneously, and, expansion work is recyclable, and theoretical efficiency is the same with Kano machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment 3;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment 4.
In figure, 1a is three grades of pre-cooling type cold heads, 1b is secondary pre-cooling type cold head, 1c is three grade coupled formula cold heads, 1d is secondary manifold type cold head, 11 is first order cold head, 101 is first order tube connector, 102 is first order cooler, 103 is first order regenerator, 111 is first order cold heat exchanger, 112 is first order vascular, 113 is first order vascular hot junction gas uniform device, 114 is first order vascular tube connector, 115 is first order adjustment chamber, 12 is second level cold head, 12b is second level coupling cold head, 13 is third level cold head, 13b is third level coupling cold head, 201 is second level tube connector, 202 is second-stage cooler, 203 is the second level first regenerator, 204 is second level precool heat exchanger device, 205 is second level heat bridge, 206 is the second level second regenerator, 211 is second level cold heat exchanger, 212 is second level vascular, 213 is vascular hot junction, second level gas uniform device, 214 is second level vascular tube connector, 215 is adjustment chamber, the second level, 221 is the cold tube connector in the second level, 222 is the second level second regenerator gas uniform device, 301 is third level tube connector, 302 is third level cooler, 303 is the third level first regenerator, 304 is the third level first precool heat exchanger device, 305 is the third level first heat bridge, 306 is the third level second regenerator, 307 is the third level the two or two precool heat exchanger device, 308 is the third level second heat bridge, 309 is the third level the 3rd regenerator, 311 is third level cold heat exchanger, 312 is third level vascular, 313 is third level vascular hot junction gas uniform device, 314 is third level vascular tube connector, 315 is third level adjustment chamber, 321 is the cold tube connector of the third level, 322 is the third level the 3rd regenerator gas uniform device, 4a is that three grades of ladders pass piston system, 4b is that secondary ladder passes piston system, 41 is pushing piston first working chamber, 42 is pushing piston second working chamber, 43 is pushing piston the 3rd working chamber, 44 is pushing piston back of the body working chamber, 45 is pushing piston air reservoir space, 461 is three grades of ladder pushing pistons, 462 is three grades of ladder cylinders, 461b is secondary ladder pushing piston, 462b is secondary ladder cylinder, 463 is pushing piston bar, 464 is bonnet, 465 is flat spring, 466 is pushing piston air reservoir, 47 is pushing piston back of the body working chamber tube connector, 5 is compressor, 51 is compression chamber, 521 is compression piston, 522 is compression cylinder, 53 is linear electric motors, 54 is compressor tube connector.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Three grades of ladder piston pre-cooling type vascular refrigerators, structure as shown in Figure 1, comprises three grades of ladders and passes piston system 4a, compressor 5 and three grades of pre-cooling type cold head 1a.
Three grades of pre-cooling type cold head 1a comprise first order cold head 11, first order cold head 12 and third level cold head 13.
First order cold head 11 is linked along this by first order tube connector 101, first order cooler 102, first order regenerator 103, first order cold heat exchanger 111, first order vascular 112, first order vascular hot junction gas uniform device 113 and first order vascular tube connector 114, first order vascular tube connector 114 has the first order adjust chamber 115.Gas back and forth can flow between each parts.
Second level cold head 12 is linked in turn by second level tube connector 201, second-stage cooler 202, the second level first regenerator 203, second level precool heat exchanger device 204, the second level second regenerator 206, second level cold heat exchanger 211, second level vascular 212, vascular hot junction, second level gas uniform device 213 and second level vascular tube connector 214, second level vascular tube connector 214 is connected with adjustment chamber, the second level 215.Gas back and forth can flow between each parts.
Third level cold head 13 is linked in turn by third level tube connector 301, third level cooler 302, the third level first regenerator 303, the third level first precool heat exchanger device 304, the third level second regenerator 306, the third level second precool heat exchanger device 307, the third level the 3rd regenerator 309, third level cold heat exchanger 311, third level vascular 312, third level vascular hot junction gas uniform device 313 and third level vascular tube connector 314, third level vascular tube connector 314 is connected with third level adjustment chamber 315.Gas back and forth can flow between each parts.
First order cryogenic temperature is generally at 80K, and cold exports from first order cold heat exchanger 111, and second level cryogenic temperature is generally at 20K, and cold exports from second level cold heat exchanger 211, and third level cryogenic temperature is generally at 4K, and cold exports from cold heat exchanger 311.
The right-hand member of vascular is in room temperature, and custom is called hot junction, and left end is at low temperature, and custom is called cold junction.The left end temperature of regenerator is high is called hot junction, and right-hand member temperature is low, and custom is called cold junction.
Second level heat bridge 205, the third level first heat bridge 305 are by second level precool heat exchanger device 204, the third level first precool heat exchanger device 304 and first order cold heat exchanger 111 are connected together, and the third level second precool heat exchanger device 307 and second level cold heat exchanger 211 are connected together by the third level second heat bridge 308.Like this, the cold of first order cold heat exchanger 111 can the precooling second level first regenerator 203, the third level first regenerator 303, makes from the leakage heat leak in hot junction to the first order, instead of the second level.The cold of second level cold heat exchanger 211 can the precooling third level second regenerator 304, makes from the leakage heat leak in hot junction to the second level, instead of the third level.Like this, the cold of the second level and the third level is just larger.
Heat bridge and heat exchanger, by the good material of heat conduction, are made of such as copper, regenerator and vascular by the material of poor heat conductivity, as stainless steel is made.Regenerative material is filled in regenerator, as stainless steel cloth, copper mesh, shot, HoCu
2the regenerative materials such as ball.
Three grades of ladders are passed piston system 4a and are made up of three grades of ladder pushing pistons 461, three grades of ladder cylinders 462, pushing piston bar 463, bonnet 464, flat spring 465, pushing piston air reservoirs 466, flat spring 465 supports pushing piston bar 463, pushing piston bar 463 and three grades of ladder pushing pistons 461 connect, and make three grades of ladder pushing pistons 461 keep not contacting formation clearance seal in three grades of ladder cylinders 462.Gap sealed being meant to has a minim gap to make gas only have faint leakage between cylinder and piston.Meanwhile, flat spring 465 and three grades of ladder pushing pistons 461 and pushing piston bar 463 form a vibroseis in the axial direction, and this vibroseis has an intrinsic frequency, becomes pushing piston intrinsic frequency.Three grades of ladder pushing pistons 461 and three grades of ladder cylinders 462 form pushing piston first working chamber 41, pushing piston second working chamber 42, pushing piston the 3rd working chamber 43 and pushing piston and carry on the back working chamber 44, and pushing piston air reservoir space 45 keeps pressure substantially constant.Pushing piston back of the body working chamber tube connector 47 connects with compressor tube connector 54.
Compressor 5 is made up of compression piston 521, compression cylinder 522, linear electric motors 53 and compressor tube connector 54, and compression piston 521 and compression cylinder 522 form compression chamber 51.General linear electric motors 53 li have inner stator, external stator, coil, and magnet and flat spring composition, piston is supported in cylinder and makes it keep clearance seal by flat spring.Gap sealed being meant to has a minim gap to make gas only have faint leakage between cylinder and piston.
First order tube connector 101, second level tube connector 201, third level tube connector 301 are connected to compressor tube connector 54, pushing piston back of the body working chamber tube connector 47 is also connected to compressor tube connector 54, such pushing piston back of the body working chamber 44 Compressed Gas together with compression chamber 51, supplies three grades of cold head 1a.And the merit of pushing piston back of the body working chamber 44 is from pushing piston first working chamber 41, pushing piston second working chamber 42 and pushing piston the 3rd working chamber 43.
Pushing piston first order working chamber 41 connects with first order vascular tube connector 114, pushing piston second working chamber 42 connects with second level vascular tube connector 214, pushing piston the 3rd working chamber 43 connects with third level vascular tube connector 314, like this, the expansion work of each vascular is passed piston first working chamber 41, pushing piston second working chamber 42 and pushing piston the 3rd working chamber 43 and reclaims.
Pushing piston bar 463 plays the effect driving pushing piston.The pressure in pushing piston air reservoir space 45 is substantially constant, for average pressure, the pressure of pushing piston first working chamber 41, pushing piston second working chamber 42, pushing piston the 3rd working chamber 43 and pushing piston back of the body working chamber 44 is the sinusoidal variations centered by average pressure substantially.Like this, just there is the resulting net force of an alternation to act on pushing piston, overcome flow resistance and make it move.
What drive linear electric motors is alternating current, and its frequency is called refrigeration machine operating frequency.After passing into alternating current to linear electric motors, linear electric motors 53 drive compression piston 521 to move reciprocatingly, and make compression chamber 51 volume be cyclically-varying, thus make gas pressure be the change of near sinusoidal ripple.Gas back and forth can flow between compression chamber, each working chamber of pushing piston, first order cold head, second level cold head, third level cold head, and flowing velocity is sinusoidal wave substantially.
The phase difference changed at gas flowing and the pressure of the cold junction of vascular has an optimum value, thus makes the efficiency of regenerator maximum, and then makes the efficiency of refrigeration machine maximum.The optimum value phase difference that the flowing of the gas of the cold junction of every one-level vascular and pressure change is different, realizes by regulating the volume in adjustment chamber at different levels.
The merit that the ratio of the scavenging volume of each working chamber of ladder pushing piston determines compressor flows to ratio at different levels, and refrigerating capacity at different levels is determined by application, refrigerating capacity is determined by input work, thus, for a refrigeration machine, the scavenging volume ratio of each working chamber of ladder pushing piston is determined by refrigerating capacity at different levels substantially.
When designing, although the ratio of the scavenging volume of each pushing piston working chamber determines, but that the scavenging volume of each pushing piston working chamber can be designed is larger, first the gas of each working chamber supply adjustment chamber, remaining supply vascular, by regulating the volume in adjustment chamber, making the gas of supply vascular at different levels be in the best, thus making each vascular be operated in optimum state.
For the pushing piston system that the scavenging volume of each pushing piston working chamber is given, a corresponding total scavenging volume, namely each pushing piston working chamber volume sum, has the volume in the adjustment chamber of one group of the best, wherein has in one group, and the volume in an adjustment chamber can be zero.At this moment, the total scavenging volume of pushing piston is minimum, and adjustment chamber can reduce one.Namely in FIG, only establish two adjustment chambeies just much of that.
If but do not adjust chamber, be difficult to three vasculars all to adjust in optimum state, therefore in grade ladder piston pre-cooling type vascular refrigerator of three shown in Fig. 1, minimum needs is provided with 1 adjustment chamber.
General third level cryogenic temperature can reach 4K, and the second level can reach 20K, and like this, the two ends temperature difference of second level vascular and third level vascular is very large.About 1/3rd place's heat bridges of first order cold head and about middle of second level vascular and the close hot junction of third level vascular can be linked up, about 1/3rd place's heat bridges of close cold junction of second level cold head and third level vascular can be linked up, thus the leakage that vascular is produced by heat conduction heat is by higher leveled cold balancing, and then raise the efficiency further.
Here, adjustment chamber can deteriorate to the tube connector of suitable volume, and the ladder that also can deteriorate to suitable volume passes the dead volume in pistons work chamber, and dead volume refers to that ladder passing piston-cylinder top and ladder pass the minimum volume between piston top here.
Here, compressor also can use in pairs, and pushing piston system also can claim use, to reduce vibration.
Embodiment 2
Secondary ladder piston pre-cooling type vascular refrigerator, structure as shown in Figure 2, comprises secondary ladder and passes piston system 4b, compressor 5 and secondary pre-cooling type cold head 1b.
Secondary pre-cooling type cold head 1b comprises first order cold head 11 and second level cold head 12.
Compared to Figure 1, secondary pre-cooling type cold head 1b has lacked third level cold head, and ladder pushing piston and the ladder cylinder of secondary ladder passing piston system 4b become secondary ladder pushing piston 461b and secondary ladder cylinder 462b.Secondary ladder pushing piston 461b and secondary ladder cylinder 462b forms pushing piston first working chamber 41 and pushing piston second working chamber 42.
As shown in Figure 2, two in the secondary ladder pushing piston pre-cooling type vascular refrigerator of the present embodiment, can be had to adjust chamber, one also can be only had to adjust chamber.
As can be seen here, in n level vascular refrigerator, the number in adjustment chamber can be n-1, but is at least 1.Namely, in multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine, a vascular and coupled ladder should be had at least to pass between pistons work chamber and to be connected with adjustment chamber.
If only have between a vascular and coupled ladder pistons work chamber and have adjustment chamber, then this vascular can be in optimum Working, and at this moment, other vasculars are not likely in optimum state.
Embodiment 3
Three grades of ladder pushing piston manifold type vascular refrigerators, as shown in Figure 3, comprise three grades of ladders and pass piston system 4a, compressor 5 and three grade coupled formula cold head 1c.
Three grade coupled formula cold head 1c comprise first order cold head 11, second level coupling cold head 12b, third level coupling cold head 13b.
Second level coupling cold head 12b is linked in turn by the cold tube connector 221 in the second level, the second level second regenerator gas uniform device 222, the second level second regenerator 206, second level cold heat exchanger 211, second level vascular 212, vascular hot junction, second level gas uniform device 213 and second level vascular tube connector 214, second level vascular tube connector 214 is connected with adjustment chamber, the second level 215.Gas back and forth can flow between each parts.
Third level coupling cold head 13b is linked in turn by the cold tube connector 321 of the third level, the third level the 3rd regenerator gas uniform device 322, the third level the 3rd regenerator 309, third level cold heat exchanger 311, third level vascular 312, third level vascular hot junction gas uniform device 313 and third level vascular tube connector 314, third level vascular tube connector 314 is connected with third level adjustment chamber 315.Gas back and forth can flow between each parts.
Second level coupling cold head 12b is connected to first order cold heat exchanger 111 by the cold tube connector 221 in the second level, and third level coupling cold head 13b is connected to second level cold heat exchanger 211 by the cold tube connector 321 of the third level.Gas back and forth can flow between each parts of three grade coupled cold heads.
The third level the 3rd regenerator 309 can directly be connected with the second level second regenerator 206, and the second level second regenerator 206 is connected and can be directly connected with first order regenerator 103.
The structure that three grades of ladders in three grades of ladder piston manifold type vascular refrigerators pass piston system 4a and compressor 5 is all the same with grade ladder piston pre-cooling type vascular refrigerator of three in embodiment 1, and its operation principle is also the same with the operation principle that grade ladder of three in embodiment 1 passes piston system 4a and compressor 5.
Adjustment chamber is equipped with in first order cold head 11, second level coupling cold head 12b or third level coupling cold head 13b in the present embodiment.
As other embodiments, in three grades of ladder piston manifold type vascular refrigerators, in first order cold head 11, second level coupling cold head 12b or third level coupling cold head 13b, only can also be provided with 1 or be provided with two adjustment chambeies.
Embodiment 4
Secondary ladder piston manifold type vascular refrigerator, as shown in Figure 4, comprises secondary ladder and passes piston system 4b, compressor 5 and secondary manifold type cold head 1d.
Two grade coupled grades of cold head 1d comprise first order cold head 11 and to be coupled with the second level cold head 12b.
Compared with Fig. 3, secondary manifold type cold head 1d has lacked third level coupling cold head 13b, and ladder pushing piston and the ladder cylinder of secondary ladder passing piston system 4b become secondary ladder pushing piston 461b and secondary ladder cylinder 462b.Secondary ladder pushing piston 461b and secondary ladder cylinder 462b forms pushing piston first working chamber 41 and pushing piston second working chamber 42.
As shown in Figure 2, two in the secondary ladder piston manifold type vascular refrigerator of the present embodiment, can be had to adjust chamber, one also can be only had to adjust chamber.
Embodiment 5
A kind of multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator, comprise compressor, n level cold head and n level ladder pass piston system, wherein, n be greater than 1 integer, cold head is by cooler, regenerator, cold heat exchanger, vascular, vascular hot junction gas uniform device and vascular tube connector connect to form, cold heat exchanger in n-th grade of cold head is as the cold output of n-th grade, the compression chamber of described compressor is connected by tube connector with the cooler in cold head, the pushing piston working chamber that described n level ladder passes piston system is connected by vascular tube connector with vascular respectively, the pushing piston back of the body working chamber that described n level ladder passes piston system is communicated with the compression chamber of compressor, vascular at least in one-level cold head and be connected with between coupled pushing piston working chamber adjustment chamber.
Compression chamber volume is cyclically-varying, thus make gas pressure be sinusoidal wave change substantially, gas back and forth flows between compression chamber, cold head at different levels and pushing piston working chamber, flowing velocity is sinusoidal wave substantially, by regulating the volume in adjustment chamber, the phase difference that the gas of vascular cold junction flows and pressure changes is made to reach optimum value.
For pre-cooling type connects or manifold type connects between n level cold head.
Between n level cold head for pre-cooling type connect time, n-th grade of cold head contains n regenerator, n-1 precool heat exchanger device cold heat exchanger, a vascular, a vascular hot junction gas uniform device, a vascular tube connector, described regenerator and precool heat exchanger device are alternately connected between cooler and cold heat exchanger successively, cold heat exchanger, vascular, vascular hot junction gas uniform device, vascular tube connector is connected successively, is connected between the precool heat exchanger device of adjacent cold head and the cold heat exchanger of peer by heat bridge; The compression chamber of described compressor is connected by tube connector with the cooler in every one-level cold head respectively.
Between n level cold head for manifold type connect time, the compression chamber of described compressor is connected by tube connector with the cooler in first order cold head, regenerator in first order cold head is connected with the regenerator in the cold head of the second level, regenerator device in the cold head of the second level is connected with the regenerator in third level cold head, until the regenerator in (n-1)th grade of cold head and the regenerator in n-th grade of cold head connect.
Further, there are the vascular in n-1 level cold head and coupled ladder to pass between pistons work chamber and are connected with adjustment chamber.
Closer, the vascular in every one-level cold head and coupled ladder are passed between pistons work chamber and are all connected with adjustment chamber.
Claims (10)
1. a multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator, comprise compressor, n level cold head and n level ladder pass piston system, wherein, n be greater than 1 integer, cold head comprises cooler, regenerator, cold heat exchanger and vascular, cold heat exchanger in n-th grade of cold head is as n-th grade of cold output, the compression chamber of described compressor is connected with the cooler in cold head, the pushing piston working chamber that described n level ladder passes piston system is connected with vascular respectively, the pushing piston back of the body working chamber that described n level ladder passes piston system is communicated with the compression chamber of compressor, it is characterized in that, vascular at least in one-level cold head and coupled ladder are passed between pistons work chamber and are connected with adjustment chamber.
2. the multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, compression chamber volume is cyclically-varying, thus make gas pressure be sinusoidal wave change substantially, gas back and forth flows between compression chamber, cold head at different levels and pushing piston working chamber, flowing velocity is sinusoidal wave substantially, by regulating the volume in adjustment chamber, makes the phase difference that the gas of vascular cold junction flows and pressure changes reach optimum value.
3. the multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that, for pre-cooling type connects or manifold type connects between n level cold head.
4. the multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator of one according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, between n level cold head for pre-cooling type connect time, n-th grade of cold head contains n regenerator, n-1 precool heat exchanger device, a cold heat exchanger, a vascular, a vascular hot junction gas uniform device and a vascular tube connector, described regenerator and precool heat exchanger device are alternately connected between cooler and cold heat exchanger successively, cold heat exchanger, vascular, vascular hot junction gas uniform device and vascular tube connector are connected successively, be connected by heat bridge between described precool heat exchanger device and the cold heat exchanger of peer, the compression chamber of described compressor is connected by tube connector with the cooler in every one-level cold head respectively.
5. the multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator of one according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, between n level cold head for manifold type connect time, the compression chamber of described compressor is connected by tube connector with the cooler in first order cold head, regenerator in first order cold head is connected with the regenerator in the cold head of the second level, regenerator in the cold head of the second level is connected with the regenerator in third level cold head, until the regenerator in (n-1)th grade of cold head is connected with the regenerator in n-th grade of cold head.
6. the multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that, has the vascular in n-1 level cold head and coupled ladder to pass between pistons work chamber and is connected with adjustment chamber.
7. the multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the vascular in every one-level cold head and coupled ladder are passed between pistons work chamber and be all connected with adjustment chamber.
8. the multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described adjustment chamber is the dead volume being equivalent to the pushing piston working chamber adjusting chamber volume.
9. the multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described adjustment chamber is the connecting pipe being equivalent to adjust chamber volume.
10., according to the arbitrary described multistage stepped-piston type vascular refrigerator of one of claim 1 ~ 9, its feature is being done, n=2 or 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310596108.7A CN104654648B (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2013-11-22 | A kind of multi-stage stirling type vascular refrigerator |
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| CN201310596108.7A CN104654648B (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2013-11-22 | A kind of multi-stage stirling type vascular refrigerator |
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| CN104654648A true CN104654648A (en) | 2015-05-27 |
| CN104654648B CN104654648B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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Cited By (13)
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| CN105179540A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-23 | 同济大学 | Fan-shaped spring arm, leaf spring comprising fan-shaped spring arms, and compressor with leaf springs |
| CN105464941A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-06 | 同济大学 | Pushing piston system and application of pushing piston system in refrigerator |
| CN106440448A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-22 | 同济大学 | Phase modulation type push piston pulse tube refrigerator and phase modulation method thereof |
| CN107024020A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-08 | 同济大学 | A kind of parallel angio machines |
| CN107328130A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-11-07 | 同济大学 | Using the multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator system and its adjusting method of Active phasing mechanism |
| CN107543328A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-01-05 | 同济大学 | Multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine |
| CN108168134A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-15 | 同济大学 | A kind of inertia tube vascular arrangement |
| CN108344199A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2018-07-31 | 同济大学 | A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator device |
| CN109990496A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 同济大学 | A kind of tandem vascular refrigerator |
| CN109990503A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 同济大学 | A kind of tandem vascular refrigerator with staged phase converter |
| CN110425762A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-11-08 | 武汉高芯科技有限公司 | Sterlin refrigerator |
| CN113323768A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-31 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Multistage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system |
| CN115854651A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-28 | 浙江大学 | Hydrogen liquefaction method and device for precooling by using refrigerating machine |
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Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106440448A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-22 | 同济大学 | Phase modulation type push piston pulse tube refrigerator and phase modulation method thereof |
| CN105179540A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-23 | 同济大学 | Fan-shaped spring arm, leaf spring comprising fan-shaped spring arms, and compressor with leaf springs |
| CN105464941A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-06 | 同济大学 | Pushing piston system and application of pushing piston system in refrigerator |
| CN107024020A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-08 | 同济大学 | A kind of parallel angio machines |
| CN107024020B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2020-01-31 | 同济大学 | parallel type vascular machine |
| CN107543328B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2020-03-24 | 同济大学 | Multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN107543328A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-01-05 | 同济大学 | Multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine |
| CN108168134A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-15 | 同济大学 | A kind of inertia tube vascular arrangement |
| CN107328130A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-11-07 | 同济大学 | Using the multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator system and its adjusting method of Active phasing mechanism |
| CN107328130B (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2020-07-28 | 同济大学 | Multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator system adopting active phase modulation mechanism and adjusting method thereof |
| CN108344199A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2018-07-31 | 同济大学 | A kind of multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator device |
| CN108344199B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2020-11-27 | 同济大学 | Multistage pulse tube refrigerator device |
| CN109990496A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 同济大学 | A kind of tandem vascular refrigerator |
| CN109990503A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 同济大学 | A kind of tandem vascular refrigerator with staged phase converter |
| CN109990496B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-10-08 | 同济大学 | Tandem pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN110425762A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-11-08 | 武汉高芯科技有限公司 | Sterlin refrigerator |
| CN113323768A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-31 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Multistage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system |
| CN113323768B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2023-08-15 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Multistage alternating temperature cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power system |
| CN115854651A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-28 | 浙江大学 | Hydrogen liquefaction method and device for precooling by using refrigerating machine |
| CN115854651B (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-09-15 | 浙江大学 | Hydrogen liquefaction method and device for precooling by utilizing refrigerator |
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