CN113323768A - Multistage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system - Google Patents

Multistage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113323768A
CN113323768A CN202110643970.3A CN202110643970A CN113323768A CN 113323768 A CN113323768 A CN 113323768A CN 202110643970 A CN202110643970 A CN 202110643970A CN 113323768 A CN113323768 A CN 113323768A
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engine
refrigerator
heat
stage
heat exchanger
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CN202110643970.3A
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CN113323768B (en
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余国瑶
孙浩杰
戴巍
马英
罗二仓
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/057—Regenerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system, which comprises a multi-stage free piston Stirling engine, a multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, an acoustic resonance tube connecting the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, and a linear motor arranged on the acoustic resonance tube, wherein the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator are adopted in the system, so that the irreversible heat exchange loss among a heat exchanger, a cold source and a heat source can be greatly reduced, the system efficiency is improved, the parameter sensitivity can be reduced, the moving parts are reduced, the reliability of the combined production system is favorably improved in a mode that the acoustic resonance tube is coupled with the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, in addition, the heat source is effectively isolated from the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, is beneficial to improving the safety of the co-production system.

Description

Multistage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold and power cogeneration, in particular to a multi-stage variable temperature cold and heat source Stirling cold and power cogeneration system.
Background
The heat-driven combined cooling and power supply device has a good application prospect in the special situation of electric energy shortage. For example, the gas source is applied to the exploitation and transportation of unconventional natural gas such as coal bed gas, shale gas and the like, the gas sources are generally distributed dispersedly, and a plurality of remote trenches are difficult to have the condition of large-scale exploitation of large-scale oil and gas fields.
The Chinese invention patent (201910229901.0) provides a combined cooling and power generation system based on a free piston Stirling engine, wherein a compression cavity of the Stirling engine, a compression cavity of a Stirling refrigerator and a front cavity of a linear motor of the system share one cavity, mechanical transmission components of the traditional combined cooling and power generation system are reduced, and the specific power is high. However, the phase modulation capability of the motor in the system is limited, the compression cavity needs a larger volume to realize the high-efficiency coupling of the engine and the refrigerator, and the performance of the system is sensitive to parameters such as damping and the like, so that the performance of the whole machine is severely limited. Secondly, in the practical application of gas liquefaction, on the one hand, the combustion heat that the engine absorbs is comparatively limited, still carries a large amount of high temperature waste heat in the flue gas, on the other hand the liquefaction of natural gas is a alternating temperature process, there are apparent sensible heat and latent heat effect, present heat drive combined cooling and power generation system framework all regards stirling engine and refrigerator and external heat transfer as an isothermal process at present, this can make the combustion heat utilization ratio lower, liquefied natural gas has great difference in temperature with the heat exchanger, lead to irreversible heat transfer loss to increase, restrict the promotion of system performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system, which can fully utilize each grade of heat source, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of energy, reduce the irreversible heat exchange loss, improve the system efficiency, and reduce the system parameter sensitivity.
The invention provides a multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system, which comprises a multi-stage free piston Stirling engine, a multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, an acoustic resonance tube and a linear motor, wherein the acoustic resonance tube is connected with the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator;
wherein the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine comprises an engine cylinder body, an engine compression cavity which is positioned in the engine cylinder body and is connected with one side of the acoustic resonance tube, an engine ejector which is fixed on the inner wall of the engine cylinder body, an engine heat release heat exchanger, an engine primary heat regenerator, an engine primary heat absorption heat exchanger … … engine (n-1) stage heat regenerator, an engine (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger, an engine n stage heat regenerator and an engine n stage heat absorption heat exchanger which are sequentially connected end to end along the axial direction of the engine ejector, the engine primary heat absorption heat exchanger … … has increasing temperature in the engine (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger and the engine n stage heat absorption heat exchanger, and the engine exhaust and the top end in the engine block form an engine expansion cavity;
wherein the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator comprises a refrigerator cylinder, a refrigerator compression cavity which is positioned in the refrigerator cylinder and connected with the other side of the acoustic resonance tube, a refrigerator discharger which is fixed on the inner wall of the refrigerator cylinder, a refrigerator heat release heat exchanger which surrounds the refrigerator discharger and is sequentially connected end to end along the axial direction of the refrigerator discharger, a refrigerator primary heat regenerator, a refrigerator primary heat absorption heat exchanger … …, a refrigerator (n-1) stage heat regenerator, a refrigerator (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger, a refrigerator n stage heat regenerator and a refrigerator n stage heat absorption heat exchanger, the refrigerator primary heat absorption heat exchanger … …, the temperature in the refrigerator (n-1) level heat absorption heat exchanger and the refrigerator n level heat absorption heat exchanger decreases progressively, and the refrigerator discharger and the top end in the refrigerator cylinder body form a refrigerator expansion cavity;
wherein n is any integer of 2-10;
the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine converts heat energy of different temperatures into acoustic power through the engine primary heat regenerator … …, the engine (n-1) level heat regenerator and the engine n level heat regenerator, and transmits the acoustic power to the linear motor and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator through the acoustic resonance tube, the linear motor consumes the acoustic power and generates electric power, and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator consumes the acoustic power and realizes a refrigeration effect through the refrigerator primary heat regenerator … …, the refrigerator (n-1) level heat regenerator and the refrigerator n level heat regenerator.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage free piston stirling engine includes the engine compression cavity, the engine expansion cavity, the engine ejector, and the engine heat-releasing heat exchanger, the engine primary heat regenerator, the engine primary heat-absorbing heat exchanger, the engine secondary heat regenerator, and the engine secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger, which are sequentially arranged along an axial direction of the engine ejector, where the engine heat-releasing heat exchanger, the engine primary heat regenerator, the engine primary heat-absorbing heat exchanger, the engine secondary heat regenerator, and the engine secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger are all ring structures, the engine heat-releasing heat exchanger is close to the engine compression cavity, and the engine secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger is close to the engine expansion cavity;
the engine comprises an engine compression cavity, an engine expansion cavity, an engine compression cavity, an engine heat release heat exchanger, an engine primary heat regenerator, an engine secondary heat regenerator, an engine exhaust device, an engine exhaust heat exchanger and an engine exhaust heat exchanger, wherein a gas working medium absorbs heat from a secondary high-temperature heat source and a high-temperature heat source through the engine primary heat absorption heat exchanger and the engine secondary heat absorption heat exchanger and releases heat to the environment through the engine heat release heat exchanger, the engine primary heat regenerator and the engine secondary heat regenerator convert heat energy at different temperatures into acoustic work, the engine exhaust heat exchanger reciprocates between the engine compression cavity and the engine expansion cavity to transfer the engine compression cavity, one part of the acoustic work in the engine compression cavity is output to the acoustic resonance tube, and the other part of the acoustic work returns to the engine heat release heat exchanger to circularly work.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage free piston stirling cryocooler includes the cryocooler compression cavity, the cryocooler expansion cavity, the cryocooler ejector, and the cryocooler heat release heat exchanger, the cryocooler primary heat regenerator, the cryocooler primary heat absorption heat exchanger, the cryocooler secondary heat regenerator, and the cryocooler secondary heat absorption heat exchanger sequentially arranged along an axial direction of the cryocooler ejector, where the cryocooler heat release heat exchanger, the cryocooler primary heat regenerator, the cryocooler primary heat absorption heat exchanger, the cryocooler secondary heat regenerator, and the cryocooler secondary heat absorption heat exchanger are all ring structures, the cryocooler heat release heat exchanger is close to the cryocooler compression cavity, and the cryocooler secondary heat absorption heat exchanger is close to the cryocooler expansion cavity;
wherein some acoustic power in the acoustics resonance tube transmit to linear electric motor does work to export the electric work to external world, another part acoustic power transmission of acoustics resonance tube extremely the second grade free piston stirling refrigerator, with the refrigerator discharger feeds back to the acoustic power stack back in refrigerator compression chamber, through refrigerator heat release heat exchanger transmits to do work in the refrigerator one-level regenerator, realizes that the entropy flows from refrigerator heat release heat exchanger to refrigerator one-level heat absorption heat exchanger transports, obtains the cold load of inferior microthermal the acoustic power is converted into the cold energy in the refrigerator two-level regenerator to obtain the cold load of lower microthermal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the multi-stage free piston stirling engine further comprises an engine tertiary heat regenerator and an engine tertiary heat absorption heat exchanger which are sequentially arranged behind the engine secondary heat absorption heat exchanger; the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator also comprises a refrigerator three-stage heat regenerator and a refrigerator three-stage heat absorption heat exchanger which are sequentially arranged behind the refrigerator two-stage heat absorption heat exchanger.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inner wall surfaces of the engine (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger and the engine (n-2) stage heat absorption heat exchanger … …, which are in contact with the engine expansion cavity, are provided with engine bypass holes; refrigerator bypass holes are formed in the inner wall surfaces of the refrigerator (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger, the refrigerator (n-2) stage heat absorption heat exchanger … …, and the refrigerator first stage heat absorption heat exchanger is in contact with the refrigerator expansion cavity.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the engine heat rejection heat exchanger, the engine primary heat absorption heat exchanger … …, the engine (n-1) -stage heat absorption heat exchanger, the engine n-stage heat absorption heat exchanger, the refrigerator heat rejection heat exchanger, the refrigerator primary heat absorption heat exchanger … …, the refrigerator (n-1) -stage heat absorption heat exchanger, and the refrigerator n-stage heat absorption heat exchanger are fin type heat exchangers or shell and tube type heat exchangers; the internal fillers of the engine primary heat regenerator, the engine (n-1) primary heat regenerator, the engine n-stage heat regenerator, the refrigerator primary heat regenerator, the refrigerator (n-1) primary heat regenerator and the refrigerator n-stage heat regenerator are silk screens, silk floss, fiber felts or small balls.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the engine ejector and the refrigerator ejector are supported by a flat plate spring and provide a reciprocating force, and the plate spring is embedded inside the engine ejector or the refrigerator ejector or disposed outside the engine ejector or the refrigerator ejector.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the expansion cavity of the engine and the expansion cavity of the refrigerator are both provided with expansion cavity fillers, which are respectively used for reducing the volume of the expansion cavity of the engine and the expansion cavity of the refrigerator, so as to improve the expansion efficiency.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the acoustic resonator tube is any one of an equal-diameter tube, a variable-diameter tube and a combined tube, the cross-sectional shape of the acoustic resonator tube is circular or elliptical, the appearance form of the acoustic resonator tube is a straight tube or a bent tube, and the outer side of the acoustic resonator tube is in contact with air to exchange heat or is wrapped with a constant temperature water jacket.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the linear motor includes an outer stator assembly, an inner stator disposed in the outer stator assembly, a mover assembly disposed in the inner stator, and a motor front cavity and a motor back cavity respectively formed at two ends of the mover assembly, the motor front cavity is connected to the acoustic resonator tube, the outer stator assembly is composed of a stator and a coil stacked by silicon steel sheets, the inner stator is an annular cylindrical member formed by silicon steel sheets bonded in a circumferential direction, the mover assembly is composed of a motor piston and a permanent magnet fixed on a magnet holder, wherein a part of acoustic power transmitted by the multi-stage free piston stirling engine or the acoustic resonator tube pushes the mover assembly to cut a magnetic induction line to apply work, thereby outputting electric power to the outside.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the linear motors are symmetrically arranged in a dual stage or a single stage, and are connected to any position of the acoustic resonator tube, and when the linear motors are symmetrically arranged in a dual stage, the two linear motors share a motor front cavity.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the linear motor is coupled to the multi-stage free piston stirling engine, that is, the engine compression cavity and the linear motor share a cavity, the connecting rod of the engine ejector passes through the mover assembly, is supported by a plate spring at the lower part of the linear motor and provides a reciprocating force, the engine ejector and the linear motor are lubricated by a gap seal and a gas bearing, and the acoustic resonator tube connects the engine compression cavity, the motor front cavity and the refrigerator compression cavity.
In an embodiment of the invention, the gas working medium of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system is any one or a combination of helium, argon, air and nitrogen.
The beneficial effects that the invention can realize include:
(1) the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system adopts the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, so that irreversible heat exchange loss among the heat exchanger, the cold source and the heat source can be greatly reduced, and the system efficiency is improved.
(2) The invention can reduce the parameter sensitivity and reduce the moving parts by adopting the mode of coupling the acoustic resonance tube with the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, thereby being beneficial to improving the reliability of a co-production system.
(3) The multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system effectively isolates the heat source from the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator by adopting the acoustic resonance tube, and is favorable for improving the safety of the combined generation system.
(4) The linear motor is connected beside the multi-stage variable-temperature cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system, so that the effect of assisting phase modulation can be achieved, the length of the acoustic resonance tube is reduced, and the whole system is more compact in structure and higher in power density.
Further objects and advantages of the invention will be fully apparent from the ensuing description and drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to the first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to a third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
The reference numbers illustrate: a multi-stage free piston stirling engine 1; a linear motor 2; an acoustic resonator tube 3; a multistage free piston stirling cooler 4; an engine compression chamber 5; an engine heat-releasing heat exchanger 6; an engine plate spring 7; a primary heat regenerator 8 of the engine; an engine ejector 9; a primary heat absorption heat exchanger 10 of the engine; an engine bypass hole 11; an engine secondary heat regenerator 12; an engine secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 13; an engine expansion chamber 14; engine expansion chamber filler 15; a motor front cavity 16; a mover assembly 17; an inner stator 18; an outer stator assembly 19; a motor back cavity 20; a refrigerating machine compression chamber 21; a chiller heat rejection heat exchanger 22; a refrigerator plate spring 23; a refrigerator primary regenerator 24; a refrigerator ejector 25; a refrigerator primary heat absorption heat exchanger 26; a refrigerator bypass orifice 27; a refrigerator secondary regenerator 28; a refrigerator secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 29; refrigerator expansion chamber filling 30; a refrigerator expansion chamber 31; an engine tertiary regenerator 32; an engine tertiary heat absorption heat exchanger 33; a refrigerator tertiary regenerator 34; a refrigerator tertiary heat absorption heat exchanger 35.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "vertical," "lateral," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It is understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as meaning that a number of one element or element is one in one embodiment, while a number of other elements is one in another embodiment, and the terms "a" and "an" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention provides a multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system which comprises a multi-stage free piston Stirling engine, a multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, a linear motor and an acoustic resonator tube. The multi-stage free piston stirling cooler is similar in structure to the multi-stage free piston stirling engine, and both include: the compression cavity is connected with one side of the acoustic resonance tube; the ejector base is fixed on the inner wall of the compression cavity; an ejector fixed to the base; the heat-releasing heat exchanger, the first-stage heat regenerator, the first-stage heat-absorbing heat exchanger … … (n-1) stage heat regenerator, (n-1) stage heat-absorbing heat exchanger, the n-stage heat regenerator and the n-stage heat-absorbing heat exchanger are sequentially arranged around the discharger in an end-to-end manner along the axial direction of the discharger, wherein n is any integer of 2-10; the ejector and the top end in the cylinder body form an expansion cavity; and the inner wall surface of the (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger, which is in contact with the expansion cavity, is provided with a bypass hole.
The acoustic resonance tube can be an equal-diameter tube, a variable-diameter tube and a combined tube, the cross section of the acoustic resonance tube can be circular or elliptical, and the appearance of the acoustic resonance tube can be a straight tube or a bent tube. The acoustic resonance tube is connected with the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator to realize impedance matching and power flow transfer; the outer side of the constant temperature water jacket is contacted with air for heat exchange or is wrapped by the constant temperature water jacket.
The linear motor comprises a motor front cavity connected with the acoustic resonance tube, a motor piston used for reciprocating motion, a cylinder base fixed on the inner wall of the compression cavity, a cylinder, an inner stator, a permanent magnet and an outer stator assembly which are sequentially arranged around the motor piston along the radial direction, and a motor back cavity formed between the cylinder base and the shell.
The inner stator is an annular cylindrical part formed by bonding and stacking silicon steel sheets along the circumferential direction and is fixed on the outer wall surface of the cylinder. The motor piston and the permanent magnet are fixed on the magnet retainer to form a rotor assembly. The outer stator component is composed of a stator and a coil, wherein the stator and the coil are formed by silicon steel sheets in a stacked mode. The linear motor adopts double-stage symmetrical arrangement or single-stage arrangement, the front cavity of the linear motor is connected with the resonance tube, and the position of the front cavity can be any position on the resonance tube.
The linear motor can also be coupled with the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine or the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, when the linear motor is coupled with the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine or the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, a gap is sealed between an ejector of the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine or the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator and the inner wall of a cylinder, a planar plate spring is used for supporting and providing reciprocating force, and the plate spring can be embedded in the ejector or arranged outside the ejector.
The heat absorption heat exchanger and the heat release heat exchanger of the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator are fin type heat exchangers or shell and tube type heat exchangers; the internal fillers of the heat regenerators of the multistage free piston Stirling engine and the multistage free piston Stirling refrigerator are silk screens, silk floss, fiber felts or small balls.
In the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine, the temperature in the first-stage heat absorption heat exchanger … … (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger is increased gradually, and the heat source for heat exchange can be derived from high-grade heat energy such as combustion chemical energy, nuclear energy and the like or medium-low-grade heat energy such as industrial waste heat, automobile exhaust waste heat and the like. In the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, the temperature in the first-stage heat absorption heat exchanger … … (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger and the n stage heat absorption heat exchanger is decreased gradually, so that the low temperature difference absorption of the sensible heat and the latent heat of natural gas can be realized in the liquefied gas application, and the irreversible loss of heat exchange is reduced.
It is worth mentioning that the inner wall surfaces of the (n-1) -stage heat absorption heat exchanger, the (n-2) -stage heat absorption heat exchanger … …, which contact the expansion chamber, are provided with bypass holes.
In addition, it is worth mentioning that the expansion cavity of the engine and the expansion cavity of the refrigerator can be further provided with expansion cavity fillers respectively used for reducing the volume of the expansion cavity of the engine and the expansion cavity of the refrigerator and improving the expansion efficiency.
The gas working medium of the combined cooling and power generation system is helium, argon, air, nitrogen or the mixed gas of the helium, the argon, the air and the nitrogen.
It can be understood that when the temperatures of the working mediums in the heat release heat exchanger of the engine and the heat release heat exchanger of the refrigerating machine reach the heat supply temperature, the system can be optimized to be a multi-stage temperature-changing double-effect Stirling combined cooling, heating and power system with cold and heat sources.
The structure and the working principle of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-stage temperature changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to the first embodiment of the present invention is specifically illustrated. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power system comprises a multi-stage free piston stirling engine 1, a multi-stage free piston stirling cryocooler 4, an acoustic resonator tube 3 connecting the multi-stage free piston stirling engine 1 and the multi-stage free piston stirling cryocooler 4, and a linear motor 2 disposed on the acoustic resonator tube 3.
In this embodiment of the invention, the multi-stage free piston stirling engine 1 is a two-stage free piston stirling engine, the two-stage free piston Stirling engine comprises an engine compression cavity 5, an engine expansion cavity 14, an engine ejector 9, an engine heat-releasing heat exchanger 6, an engine primary heat regenerator 8, an engine primary heat-absorbing heat exchanger 10, an engine secondary heat regenerator 12 and an engine secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger 13 which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the engine ejector 9, the engine heat-releasing heat exchanger 6, the engine primary heat regenerator 8, the engine primary heat-absorbing heat exchanger 10, the engine secondary heat regenerator 12 and the engine secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger 13 are all in an annular structure, the engine heat rejection heat exchanger 6 is adjacent the engine compression chamber 5 and the engine secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 13 is adjacent the engine expansion chamber 14.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage free piston stirling cooler 4 is a two-stage free piston stirling cooler and has a similar structure to the two-stage free piston stirling cooler, the two-stage free piston stirling cooler includes a cooler compression chamber 21, a cooler expansion chamber 31, a cooler ejector 25, and a cooler heat-releasing heat exchanger 22, a cooler primary heat regenerator 24, a cooler primary heat-absorbing heat exchanger 26, a cooler secondary heat regenerator 28, and a cooler secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger 29 sequentially arranged along an axial direction of the cooler ejector 25, the cooler heat-releasing heat exchanger 22, the cooler primary heat regenerator 24, the cooler primary heat-absorbing heat exchanger 26, the cooler secondary heat regenerator 28, and the cooler secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger 29 are all annular structures, the cooler heat-releasing heat exchanger 22 is close to the cooler compression chamber 21, the chiller secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 29 is proximate the chiller expansion chamber 31.
As shown in fig. 2, the working principle of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system is as follows: in the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine 1, a gas working medium absorbs heat from a secondary high-temperature heat source and a high-temperature heat source through the primary heat absorption heat exchanger 10 and the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 13 of the engine, and releases heat to the environment through the heat releasing heat exchanger 6 of the engine, the primary regenerator 8 of the engine and the secondary regenerator 12 of the engine convert the heat energy with different temperatures into sound work, and because the temperature difference exists between the primary regenerator 8 of the engine and the secondary regenerator 12 of the engine, the sound work is amplified, the engine exhaust 9 reciprocates between the engine compression chamber 5 and the engine expansion chamber 14, transferring acoustic work from the engine expansion chamber 14 to the engine compression chamber 5, one part of the acoustic work in the engine compression cavity 5 is output to the acoustic resonance tube 3, and the other part of the acoustic work returns to the heat release heat exchanger 6 of the engine to do work circularly;
wherein some acoustic power in the acoustics resonating tube 3 transmits to linear electric motor 2 does work to outside output electricity is worked, another part acoustic power transmission of acoustics resonating tube 3 extremely the second grade free piston stirling refrigerator, with refrigerator discharger 25 feeds back to after the acoustic power stack of refrigerator compression chamber 21, through refrigerator heat release heat exchanger 22 transmits to do work in the refrigerator one-level regenerator 24, realizes that the entropy flows from refrigerator heat release heat exchanger 22 to refrigerator one-level heat absorption heat exchanger 26 transports, obtains low cryogenic cold load once, convert acoustic power into cold energy in the refrigerator two-level regenerator 28 to obtain lower cryogenic cold load. Therefore, the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine 1 converts heat energy with different temperatures into acoustic work and transmits the acoustic work to the linear motor 2 and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator 4 through the acoustic resonance tube 3, the linear motor 2 consumes the acoustic work to generate electric power, and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator 4 consumes the acoustic work and achieves a refrigeration effect.
It will be appreciated that in the two-stage free piston stirling engine, the temperatures within the engine primary heat absorption heat exchanger 10 and the engine secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 13 increase and the heat source for heat exchange can be derived from various grades of heat energy. In the two-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, the temperature in the refrigerator primary heat absorption heat exchanger 26 and the refrigerator secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 29 is decreased gradually, so that in the application of liquefied gas, the low-temperature difference absorption of sensible heat and latent heat of natural gas can be realized, and the irreversible loss of heat exchange is reduced.
Further, an engine bypass hole 11 is formed in the inner wall surface of the first-stage heat absorption heat exchanger 10 of the engine, which is in contact with the engine expansion cavity 14, a part of internal working medium of the first-stage heat absorption heat exchanger 10 of the engine flows into the second-stage heat regenerator 12 of the engine, and the other part of internal working medium enters the engine expansion cavity 14 through the engine bypass hole 11 to complete expansion work; a refrigerator bypass hole 27 is formed in the inner wall surface of the refrigerator primary heat absorption heat exchanger 26, which is in contact with the refrigerator expansion cavity 31, one part of the internal working medium of the refrigerator primary heat absorption heat exchanger 26 flows into the refrigerator secondary heat regenerator 28, and the other part of the internal working medium enters the refrigerator expansion cavity 31 through the refrigerator bypass hole 27 to complete expansion work.
It can be understood that expansion work can be performed because the aperture of the engine bypass hole 11 and the refrigerator bypass hole 27 is small.
Further, the linear motor 2 includes an outer stator assembly 19, an inner stator 18 disposed in the outer stator assembly 19, a mover assembly 17 disposed in the inner stator 18, and a motor front cavity 16 and a motor back cavity 20 respectively formed at two ends of the mover assembly 17, the motor front cavity 16 is connected to the acoustic resonance tube 3, the outer stator assembly 19 is composed of a stator and a coil stacked by silicon steel sheets, the inner stator 18 is an annular cylinder formed by silicon steel sheets bonded in a circumferential direction, the mover assembly 17 is composed of a motor piston and a permanent magnet fixed on a magnet holder, wherein the linear motor 2 utilizes a part of acoustic work transmitted by the acoustic resonance tube 3 to realize relative motion between the mover assembly 17 and the outer stator assembly 19, thereby outputting electric power to the outside.
In other words, a part of the acoustic work in the acoustic resonator tube 3 is transferred to the motor front cavity 16 to push the mover assembly 17 to cut the magnetic induction line to do work, so as to output electric work to the outside.
In particular, in the first embodiment, the linear motors 2 are symmetrically arranged in a double-stage manner to reduce vibration, that is, the first embodiment adopts two linear motors 2, the two symmetrically arranged linear motors 2 share one motor front cavity 16, and the two linear motors 2 are in bypass connection with one side of the acoustic resonance tube 3 close to the multi-stage free piston stirling engine 1. In some embodiments of the present invention, two of the linear motors 2 arranged symmetrically may also be connected to the side of the acoustic resonator tube 3 close to the multi-stage free-piston stirling cooler 4, which is not limited by the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the first embodiment, the engine expansion cavity 14 is further provided with an engine expansion cavity filler 15, which is used for reducing the volume of the engine expansion cavity 14 and improving the system efficiency; the refrigerator expansion cavity 31 is provided with a refrigerator expansion cavity filler 30 for reducing the volume of the refrigerator expansion cavity 31 and improving the system efficiency.
It is also worth mentioning that the engine expansion chamber filler 15 and the refrigerator expansion chamber filler 30 are solid cylinders or hollow shells.
Further, the engine ejector 9 is fixed on the engine cylinder body through a fixed seat, the engine ejector 9 is supported by a planar engine plate spring 7 and provides a reciprocating force, and the engine plate spring 7 is embedded in the engine ejector 9 or outside the engine ejector 9; the refrigerator discharger 25 is fixed on the refrigerator cylinder through a fixing seat, the refrigerator discharger 25 is supported by a planar refrigerator plate spring 23 and provides reciprocating force, and the refrigerator plate spring 23 is embedded in the refrigerator discharger 25 or outside the refrigerator discharger 25.
That is, the engine ejector 9 and the refrigerator ejector 25 are supported and provide a reciprocating force using a flat plate spring embedded inside the engine ejector 9 or the refrigerator ejector 25, or disposed outside the engine ejector 9 or the refrigerator ejector 25.
It should be noted that, in the first embodiment, the acoustic resonator tubes 3 are equal-diameter tubes and are made of stainless steel.
It is also worth mentioning that the engine heat-releasing heat exchanger 6 and the refrigerator heat-releasing heat exchanger 22 both adopt shell-and-tube heat exchangers, the pipe diameters of the two are different, and the pipe diameter of the engine heat-releasing heat exchanger 6 is larger than that of the refrigerator heat-releasing heat exchanger 22. The primary heat absorption heat exchanger 10 of the engine, the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 13 of the engine, the primary heat absorption heat exchanger 26 of the refrigerator and the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 29 of the refrigerator adopt fin type heat exchangers made of red copper. The internal fillers of the engine primary heat regenerator 8, the engine secondary heat regenerator 12, the refrigerator primary heat regenerator 24 and the refrigerator secondary heat regenerator 28 are silk screens, silk floss, fiber felts or pellets.
In addition, it is worth mentioning that, in the first embodiment, the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system adopts helium as the gas working medium.
It can be understood that the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system adopts the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine 1 and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator 4, so that the irreversible heat exchange loss of the heat exchanger, a cold source and a heat source can be greatly reduced, and the system efficiency is improved. In addition, by adopting the mode that the acoustic resonance tube 3 is coupled with the multistage free piston Stirling engine 1 and the multistage free piston Stirling refrigerator 4, the parameter sensitivity can be reduced, the moving parts can be reduced, and the reliability of a co-production system can be improved. In addition, the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system effectively isolates a heat source from the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator 4 by adopting the acoustic resonance tube 3, and is favorable for improving the safety of the combined generation system.
As shown in fig. 3, the multi-stage temperature changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention is specifically illustrated. The second embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in that the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system of the second embodiment employs one linear motor 2, and the linear motor 2 is disposed on a single side of the acoustic resonator tube 3, that is, the linear motor 2 is disposed on a side of the acoustic resonator tube 3 close to the multi-stage free piston stirling cooler 4. Compared with the first embodiment, although the linear motor 2 adopts a single-motor single-side arrangement mode, the vibration of the motor is increased, but the structure of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system is more compact. Moreover, the linear motor 2 is arranged on the multistage free piston Stirling refrigerator 4, so that the auxiliary phase modulation capacity is increased, and the length of the acoustic resonance tube 3 can be shortened.
It should be understood that in some embodiments of the present invention, the linear motor 2 arranged on a single side of a single machine may also be bypassed on the side of the acoustic resonator tube 3 close to the multi-stage free piston stirling engine 1, which is not a limitation of the present invention.
In addition, in the second embodiment, the acoustic resonator tubes 3 are tapered tubes, and the tapered resonator tubes can reduce the viscosity loss of the working medium and improve the transmission efficiency of the acoustic resonator tubes 3.
It should be understood that the multi-temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system of the second embodiment has the same structure and the same working principle as the multi-temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system of the first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 4, the multi-stage temperature changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to the third embodiment of the present invention is specifically illustrated. The third embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in that the multistage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system of the third embodiment employs the multistage free piston stirling engine 1 as the three-stage free piston stirling engine, and the employed multistage free piston stirling cryocooler 4 as the three-stage free piston stirling cryocooler.
Specifically, the three-level free piston Stirling engine is additionally provided with an engine three-level regenerator 32 and an engine three-level heat absorption heat exchanger 33, and the three-level free piston Stirling refrigerator is additionally provided with a refrigerator three-level regenerator 34 and a refrigerator three-level heat absorption heat exchanger 35.
In addition, the inner wall surface of the first-stage heat absorption heat exchanger 10 of the engine, which is contacted with the engine expansion cavity 14, and the inner wall surface of the second-stage heat absorption heat exchanger 13 of the engine, which is contacted with the engine expansion cavity 14, are provided with engine bypass holes 11; refrigerator bypass holes 27 are formed in the inner wall surface of the refrigerator primary heat absorption heat exchanger 26 in contact with the refrigerator expansion cavity 31 and the inner wall surface of the refrigerator secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 29 in contact with the refrigerator expansion cavity 31. That is, the engine bypass hole 11 and the refrigerator bypass hole 27 may be plural, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In a third embodiment, the three-stage free piston stirling engine can utilize heat source energy step by step according to temperature, and the three-stage free piston stirling cryocooler can obtain three cold loads with different refrigeration temperatures, so that the irreversible heat exchange loss of the heat absorption heat exchanger is further reduced, and the system efficiency is improved.
It should be understood that, in some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-stage free piston stirling engine 1 may also be a free piston stirling engine with more than three stages, and the multi-stage free piston stirling cooler 4 may also be a free piston stirling cooler with more than three stages, which is not limited by the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the multi-stage temperature changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is specifically illustrated. The fourth embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in that the linear motor 2 employed in the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power system of the fourth embodiment is coupled to the multi-stage free piston stirling engine 1, that is, the engine compression chamber 5 and the linear motor 2 share a single chamber, the rod of the engine ejector 9 passes through the mover assembly 17, is supported by a plate spring at the lower portion of the linear motor 2 and provides a reciprocating force, the engine ejector 9 and the linear motor 2 are lubricated by a gap seal and a gas bearing, specifically, the engine ejector 9 and the mover assembly 17 of the linear motor 2 and the piston and cylinder of the linear motor 2 are lubricated by a gap seal and a gas bearing, and the engine compression chamber 5 is connected to the acoustic resonator tube 3, The motor front chamber 16 and the refrigerator compression chamber 21.
Compared with the first embodiment, in the fourth embodiment, the volumes of the engine compression cavity 5 and the motor front cavity 16 are reduced, so that the structure of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system is more compact, and the sound and power transmission efficiency can be improved in a small amplitude.
As shown in fig. 6, the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is specifically illustrated. The fifth embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in that the engine expansion chamber 14 and the refrigerator expansion chamber 31 of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling combined cooling and power generation system of the fifth embodiment are small, and the engine expansion chamber filler 15 and the refrigerator expansion chamber filler 30 are not required, that is, in the fifth embodiment, the multi-stage free piston stirling engine 1 does not include the engine expansion chamber filler 15, and the multi-stage free piston stirling refrigerator 4 does not include the refrigerator expansion chamber filler 30. Although an increase in expansion chamber volume reduces system efficiency by a small amount, the absence of expansion chamber filler reduces axial heat transfer losses and loss of working fluid flow resistance in the expansion chamber.
In general, the invention provides a multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system which can effectively improve the utilization rate of combustion heat, reduce irreversible heat exchange loss, improve the system efficiency and reduce the sensitivity of system parameters. The invention can fully utilize heat sources of various grades and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of energy.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only express preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. The combined cooling and power generation system is characterized by comprising a multi-stage free piston Stirling engine, a multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator, an acoustic resonance tube and a linear motor, wherein the acoustic resonance tube is connected with the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator;
wherein the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine comprises an engine cylinder body, an engine compression cavity which is positioned in the engine cylinder body and is connected with one side of the acoustic resonance tube, an engine ejector which is fixed on the inner wall of the engine cylinder body, an engine heat release heat exchanger, an engine primary heat regenerator, an engine primary heat absorption heat exchanger … … engine (n-1) stage heat regenerator, an engine (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger, an engine n stage heat regenerator and an engine n stage heat absorption heat exchanger which are sequentially connected end to end along the axial direction of the engine ejector, the engine primary heat absorption heat exchanger … … has increasing temperature in the engine (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger and the engine n stage heat absorption heat exchanger, and the engine exhaust and the top end in the engine block form an engine expansion cavity;
wherein the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator comprises a refrigerator cylinder, a refrigerator compression cavity which is positioned in the refrigerator cylinder and connected with the other side of the acoustic resonance tube, a refrigerator discharger which is fixed on the inner wall of the refrigerator cylinder, a refrigerator heat release heat exchanger which surrounds the refrigerator discharger and is sequentially connected end to end along the axial direction of the refrigerator discharger, a refrigerator primary heat regenerator, a refrigerator primary heat absorption heat exchanger … …, a refrigerator (n-1) stage heat regenerator, a refrigerator (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger, a refrigerator n stage heat regenerator and a refrigerator n stage heat absorption heat exchanger, the refrigerator primary heat absorption heat exchanger … …, the temperature in the refrigerator (n-1) level heat absorption heat exchanger and the refrigerator n level heat absorption heat exchanger decreases progressively, and the refrigerator discharger and the top end in the refrigerator cylinder body form a refrigerator expansion cavity;
wherein n is any integer of 2-10;
the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine converts heat energy of different temperatures into acoustic power through the engine primary heat regenerator … …, the engine (n-1) level heat regenerator and the engine n level heat regenerator, and transmits the acoustic power to the linear motor and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator through the acoustic resonance tube, the linear motor consumes the acoustic power and generates electric power, and the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator consumes the acoustic power and realizes a refrigeration effect through the refrigerator primary heat regenerator … …, the refrigerator (n-1) level heat regenerator and the refrigerator n level heat regenerator.
2. The Stirling combined cooling and heating source cold and power generation system with multi-stage temperature changing according to claim 1, the multi-stage free piston Stirling engine comprises the engine compression cavity, the engine expansion cavity, the engine ejector, and the engine heat release heat exchanger, the engine primary heat regenerator, the engine primary heat absorption heat exchanger, the engine secondary heat regenerator and the engine secondary heat absorption heat exchanger which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the engine ejector, the engine heat-releasing heat exchanger, the engine primary heat regenerator, the engine primary heat-absorbing heat exchanger, the engine secondary heat regenerator and the engine secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger are all of annular structures, the engine heat rejection heat exchanger is close to the engine compression cavity, and the engine secondary heat absorption heat exchanger is close to the engine expansion cavity;
the engine exhaust device reciprocates between the engine compression cavity and the engine expansion cavity, transmits the acoustic power from the engine expansion cavity to the engine compression cavity, outputs one part of the acoustic power in the engine compression cavity to the acoustic resonance tube, and returns the other part of the acoustic power to the engine heat release heat exchanger for circularly applying work.
3. The Stirling combined cooling and heating source cold and power generation system with multi-stage temperature changing according to claim 2, the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator comprises a refrigerator compression cavity, a refrigerator expansion cavity, a refrigerator discharger, and a refrigerator heat-releasing heat exchanger, a refrigerator primary heat regenerator, a refrigerator primary heat-absorbing heat exchanger, a refrigerator secondary heat regenerator and a refrigerator secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the refrigerator discharger, the refrigerator heat-releasing heat exchanger, the refrigerator primary heat regenerator, the refrigerator primary heat-absorbing heat exchanger, the refrigerator secondary heat regenerator and the refrigerator secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger are all of annular structures, the refrigerator heat-releasing heat exchanger is close to the refrigerator compression cavity, and the refrigerator secondary heat-absorbing heat exchanger is close to the refrigerator expansion cavity;
wherein some acoustic power in the acoustics resonance tube transmit to linear electric motor does work to export the electric work to external world, another part acoustic power transmission of acoustics resonance tube extremely the second grade free piston stirling refrigerator, with the refrigerator discharger feeds back to the acoustic power stack back in refrigerator compression chamber, through refrigerator heat release heat exchanger transmits to do work in the refrigerator one-level regenerator, realizes that the entropy flows from refrigerator heat release heat exchanger to refrigerator one-level heat absorption heat exchanger transports, obtains the cold load of inferior microthermal the acoustic power is converted into the cold energy in the refrigerator two-level regenerator to obtain the cold load of lower microthermal.
4. A stirling cold and heat source combined cooling and power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the multi-stage free piston stirling engine further comprises a three-stage engine heat regenerator and a three-stage engine heat absorption heat exchanger arranged in sequence after the two-stage engine heat absorption heat exchanger; the multi-stage free piston Stirling refrigerator also comprises a refrigerator three-stage heat regenerator and a refrigerator three-stage heat absorption heat exchanger which are sequentially arranged behind the refrigerator two-stage heat absorption heat exchanger.
5. The stirling cold and heat source combined cooling and power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the engine (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger, the engine (n-2) stage heat absorption heat exchanger … … are provided with engine bypass holes on the inner wall surfaces of the engine stage heat absorption heat exchanger contacting the engine expansion cavity; refrigerator bypass holes are formed in the inner wall surfaces of the refrigerator (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger, the refrigerator (n-2) stage heat absorption heat exchanger … …, and the refrigerator first stage heat absorption heat exchanger is in contact with the refrigerator expansion cavity.
6. A multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling cold and power cogeneration system according to claim 1, wherein said engine heat rejection heat exchanger, said engine primary heat absorption heat exchanger … …, said engine (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger, said engine n stage heat absorption heat exchanger, said chiller heat rejection heat exchanger, said chiller primary heat absorption heat exchanger … …, said chiller (n-1) stage heat absorption heat exchanger, and said chiller n stage heat absorption heat exchanger are fin type heat exchangers or shell and tube type heat exchangers; the internal fillers of the engine primary heat regenerator, the engine (n-1) primary heat regenerator, the engine n-stage heat regenerator, the refrigerator primary heat regenerator, the refrigerator (n-1) primary heat regenerator and the refrigerator n-stage heat regenerator are silk screens, silk floss, fiber felts or small balls.
7. A stirling cold and heat source combined heat and power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the engine ejector and the refrigerator ejector are supported by a flat plate spring and provide a reciprocating force, and the plate spring is embedded in the engine ejector or the refrigerator ejector or disposed outside the engine ejector or the refrigerator ejector.
8. A multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling cold and power cogeneration system according to claim 1, wherein the engine expansion cavity and the refrigerator expansion cavity are both provided with expansion cavity fillers for respectively reducing the volume of the engine expansion cavity and the refrigerator expansion cavity and improving the expansion efficiency.
9. A multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the acoustic resonance tube is any one of a constant diameter tube, a variable diameter tube and a combined tube, the cross section of the acoustic resonance tube is circular or elliptical, the acoustic resonance tube is a straight tube or a bent tube in appearance, and the outer side of the acoustic resonance tube is in contact heat exchange with air or is wrapped with a constant temperature water jacket.
10. The multi-stage temperature changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, it is characterized in that the linear motor comprises an outer stator component, an inner stator arranged in the outer stator component, a rotor component arranged in the inner stator, and a motor front cavity and a motor back cavity which are respectively formed at two ends of the rotor component, the front cavity of the motor is connected with the acoustic resonance tube, the outer stator component consists of a stator and a coil which are formed by silicon steel sheets in a stacked mode, the inner stator is an annular cylindrical part formed by bonding and stacking silicon steel sheets along the circumferential direction, the rotor assembly consists of a motor piston and a permanent magnet fixed on a magnet retainer, and part of acoustic power transmitted by the multistage free piston Stirling engine or the acoustic resonance tube pushes the rotor assembly to cut the magnetic induction line to do work, so that electric power is output to the outside.
11. A multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling cold and power cogeneration system according to claim 10, wherein the linear motors are arranged in a double-stage symmetrical arrangement or a single-stage symmetrical arrangement and are connected to any position of the acoustic resonance tube, and when the linear motors are arranged in a double-stage symmetrical arrangement, the two linear motors share one motor front cavity.
12. A multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source stirling cold and power cogeneration system according to claim 10, wherein the linear motor is coupled to the multi-stage free piston stirling engine, that is, the engine compression chamber and the linear motor share a chamber, the connecting rod of the engine ejector passes through the mover assembly, is supported by a plate spring at the lower part of the linear motor and provides a reciprocating force, the engine ejector and the linear motor are lubricated by a gap seal and a gas bearing, and the acoustic resonance tube connects the engine compression chamber, the motor front chamber and the refrigerator compression chamber.
13. The multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the gas working medium of the multi-stage temperature-changing cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power generation system is any one or a combination of helium, argon, air and nitrogen.
CN202110643970.3A 2021-06-09 2021-06-09 Multistage alternating temperature cold and heat source Stirling combined cooling and power system Active CN113323768B (en)

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