CN102307940B - 稳定剂 - Google Patents
稳定剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102307940B CN102307940B CN201080006519.0A CN201080006519A CN102307940B CN 102307940 B CN102307940 B CN 102307940B CN 201080006519 A CN201080006519 A CN 201080006519A CN 102307940 B CN102307940 B CN 102307940B
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- alkyl
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- -1 phenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 32
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 22
- QMXSCDIANZDPCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9,15,22-tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-12-N,25-N-bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)-2,9,11,13,15,22,24,26,27,28-decazatricyclo[21.3.1.110,14]octacosa-1(27),10(28),11,13,23,25-hexaene-12,25-diamine Chemical compound N=1C(NC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=NC(N(CCCCCCN(C=2N=C(NC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)N=C3N=2)C2CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C2)C2CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C2)=NC=1N(C1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)CCCCCCN3C1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 QMXSCDIANZDPCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 18
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical class CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 8
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 0 C*N(C(CC1(C)C)CC(C)(C)N1OC1CCCCC1)c1nc(N(*CCN(C(CC2(C)C)CC(C)(C)N2OC2CCCCC2)c2nc(N(C)C(CC3(C)C)CC(C)(C)N3OC3CCCCC3)nc(NC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)n2)C(CC2(C)C)CC(C)(C)N2OC2CCCCC2)nc(NC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)n1 Chemical compound C*N(C(CC1(C)C)CC(C)(C)N1OC1CCCCC1)c1nc(N(*CCN(C(CC2(C)C)CC(C)(C)N2OC2CCCCC2)c2nc(N(C)C(CC3(C)C)CC(C)(C)N3OC3CCCCC3)nc(NC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)n2)C(CC2(C)C)CC(C)(C)N2OC2CCCCC2)nc(NC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)n1 0.000 description 5
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 4
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- HFJRKMMYBMWEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC=O HFJRKMMYBMWEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid Substances OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000007715 potassium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229960004839 potassium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000800 acrylic rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006242 ethylene acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
- 125000005447 octyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000070 poly-3-hydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium lauroyl sarcosinate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CC([O-])=O KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 150000005208 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MEKOFIRRDATTAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,5,8-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-ol Chemical compound C1CC(C)(C)OC2=C1C(C)=C(O)C=C2C MEKOFIRRDATTAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CAPNUXMLPONECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(O)=O)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 CAPNUXMLPONECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FMHKPLXYWVCLME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-valeric acid Chemical compound CC(O)CCC(O)=O FMHKPLXYWVCLME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920010126 Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920007019 PC/ABS Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 2
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- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-HJTSIMOOSA-N corticosterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@H](CC4)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 OMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-HJTSIMOOSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005574 norbornylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002961 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- SQDFHQJTAWCFIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylidenehydroxylamine Chemical class ON=C SQDFHQJTAWCFIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001402 nonanoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940038384 octadecane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ortho-hydroxybenzophenone Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHMYONNPZWOTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHMYONNPZWOTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005502 peroxidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012994 photoredox catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013308 plastic optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002587 poly(1,3-butadiene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001627 poly(4-methyl styrene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001432 poly(L-lactide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003055 poly(ester-imide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003251 poly(α-methylstyrene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004291 polyenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001470 polyketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001444 polymaleic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000380 propiolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JMHCCAYJTTWMCX-QWPJCUCISA-M sodium;(2s)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoate;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].IC1=CC(C[C@H](N)C([O-])=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 JMHCCAYJTTWMCX-QWPJCUCISA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000638 styrene acrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012747 synergistic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229940032021 tetramune Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001862 ultra low molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
- C07D487/18—Bridged systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
- C08K5/34926—Triazines also containing heterocyclic groups other than triazine groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Anti-Oxidant Or Stabilizer Compositions (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
Abstract
N-取代的大环三嗪-HALS稳定剂。
Description
本发明涉及具有4个侧挂2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基的环状位阻胺稳定剂的组合物。这些基团在氮原子上被2-4个取代基以特定比例取代。本发明的其他方面是单独的组分,含有该组合物的农业聚合物制品,稳定聚合物制品的方法以及该组合物作为稳定剂和阻燃剂的用途。
已知位阻胺(HAS)为对抗光和热的有害影响的有效聚合物稳定剂,尤其用于聚烯烃。
然而,伯或仲非位阻胺在某些市售HAS中可能以反应副产物存在。这些副产物可能不利影响稳定效率。
Chimassorb 966是市售位阻胺稳定剂,其不具有该问题,因为伯或仲非位阻胺基本不以其大环结构存在。
然而,Chimassorb 966的熔点高于290℃。聚合物,尤其是聚烯烃的加工温度通常在290℃以下。由于这一原因,Chimassorb 966在用作聚烯烃稳定剂时在加工过程中将不会熔融或者不完全熔融。结果用Chimassorb966稳定的薄膜可能由于未熔融斑点而受高凝胶值影响。由于这一原因,在其中不希望高凝胶值的薄膜应用中将Chimassorb 966用作稳定剂产生问题。
现在惊人地发现若2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶杂环结构部分的环中受阻氮原子部分或完全被特殊取代基取代,则可以使熔点显著降低到250℃以下,优异的稳定效率得以保留。因此,取代的化合物现在可以有利地用于所有薄膜应用,例如聚烯烃薄膜应用。
本发明的一个方面是一种组合物,该组合物包含:
(a)经受由光、热或氧化诱发的降解的天然或合成聚合物,和
(b)相对于天然或合成聚合物的重量为0.001-10重量%的含有组分b-I、b-II、b-III和b-IV的产品混合物;
组分b-I为0-30重量份取代度为1的式(I)化合物,
组分b-II为0-50重量份取代度为2的式(I)化合物,
组分b-III为10-50重量份取代度为3的式(I)化合物,和
组分b-IV为10-60重量份取代度为4的式(I)化合物,其中组分bI-bIV的份数总和为100;
其中
其中对于组分b-I和b-II,基团R1可以额外为氢、氧或羟基;
其中取代度表示取代基R1的数目,取代基R1为C4-C20烷基、C4-C20烷氧基、C3-C12环烷氧基或式的基团;
基团R2和R3相互独立地为氢、C1-C12烷基、未被取代或被1-3个C1-C4烷基取代的C5-C12环烷基、未被取代或被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的苯基、未被取代或苯基被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的C7-C9苯基烷基,或式(I-1)的基团:
其中R4为氢、C4-C20烷基、C4-C20烷氧基、C3-C12环烷氧基或式的基团;或
基团R2和R3与它们所连接的氮一起形成吗啉代基团。
优选组分b-I至b-IV的总量相对于天然或合成聚合物的重量为0.01-1重量%。
优选组分b-I的量为5-25份,组分b-II的量为5-35份,组分b-III的量为10-45份且组分b-IV的量为10-45份。
具有至多20个碳原子的烷基例如为甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正己基、正辛基、2-乙基己基、正壬基、正癸基、正十一烷基、正十二烷基、正十三烷基、正十四烷基、正十六烷基或正十八烷基。
C1-C20烷氧基G11例如为甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、异丁氧基、戊氧基、异戊氧基、己氧基、庚氧基、辛氧基、癸氧基、十二烷氧基、十四烷氧基、十六烷氧基和十八烷氧基。优选C6-C12烷氧基,尤其是庚氧基和辛氧基。
C3-C12环烷氧基例如为环丙氧基、环戊氧基、环己氧基、环庚氧基、环辛氧基、环癸氧基和环十二烷氧基。优选C5-C8环烷氧基,尤其是环戊氧基和环己氧基。
任何C5-C12环烷基取代基尤其为环戊基和环己基。
C7-C9苯基烷基优选为苄基。
合适的天然或合成聚合物如下所给。
1.单烯烃和二烯烃的聚合物,例如聚丙烯、聚异丁烯、聚丁-1-烯、聚-4-甲基戊-1-烯、聚乙烯基环己烷、聚异戊二烯或聚丁二烯,以及环烯烃的聚合物,例如环戊烯或降冰片烯的聚合物,聚乙烯(任选可交联),例如高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、高密度和高分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-HMW)、高密度和超高分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-UHMW)、中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、(VLDPE)和(ULDPE)。
聚烯烃,即前一段落中所例举的单烯烃的聚合物,优选聚乙烯和聚丙烯,可以通过不同方法,尤其是通过下列方法制备:
a)自由基聚合(通常在高压和升高的温度下)。
b)使用通常含有一种或大于一种周期表IVb、Vb、VIb或VIII族金属的催化剂的催化聚合。这些金属通常具有一个或大于一个可以π-或σ-配位的配体,通常为氧化物、卤化物、醇盐、酯、醚、胺、烷基、链烯基和/或芳基。这些金属配合物可以呈游离形式或者固定于基体上,典型的是固定于活性氯化镁、氯化钛(III)、氧化铝或氧化硅上。这些催化剂可以溶于或不溶于聚合介质中。这些催化剂可以直接用于聚合中或者可以使用其他活化剂,通常为烷基金属、金属氢化物、烷基金属卤化物、烷基金属氧化物或金属烷基氧烷(metal alkyloxane),所述金属为周期表Ia、IIa和/或IIIa族元素。活化剂可以有利地用其他酯、醚、胺或甲硅烷基醚基团改性。这些催化剂体系通常称为Phillips、Standard Oil Indiana、Ziegler(-Natta)、TNZ(DuPont)、茂金属或单点催化剂(SSC)。
2.在1)下提到的聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯与聚异丁烯的混合物、聚丙烯与聚乙烯的混合物(例如PP/HDPE、PP/LDPE)和不同类型聚乙烯的混合物(例如LDPE/HDPE)。
3.单烯烃和二烯烃相互之间或与其他乙烯基单体的共聚物,例如乙烯/丙烯共聚物、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)及其与低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)的混合物、丙烯/丁-1-烯共聚物、丙烯/异丁烯共聚物、乙烯/丁-1-烯共聚物、乙烯/己烯共聚物、乙烯/甲基戊烯共聚物、乙烯/庚烯共聚物、乙烯/辛烯共聚物、乙烯/乙烯基环己烷共聚物、乙烯/环烯烃共聚物(例如乙烯/降冰片烯如COC)、其中1-烯烃就地产生的乙烯/1-烯烃共聚物、丙烯/丁二烯共聚物、异丁烯/异戊二烯共聚物、乙烯/乙烯基环己烯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物或乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物及其盐(离聚物)以及乙烯与丙烯和二烯如己二烯、二聚环戊二烯或亚乙基降冰片烯的三元共聚物,以及该类共聚物相互间的混合物以及与在上面的1)中提到的聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯/乙烯-丙烯共聚物,LDPE/乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA),LDPE/乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA),LLDPE/EVA,LLDPE/EAA以及交替或无规聚烯烃/一氧化碳共聚物及其与其他聚合物,例如聚酰胺的混合物。
4.烃树脂(例如C5-C9),包括其氢化改性物(例如增粘剂)以及聚烯烃和淀粉的混合物。
来自1.)-4.)的均聚物和共聚物可以具有任何立体结构,包括间同立构、全同立构、半全同立构或无规立构;其中优选无规立构聚合物。还包括立体嵌段聚合物。
5.聚苯乙烯、聚(对甲基苯乙烯)、聚(α-甲基苯乙烯)。
6.衍生于乙烯基芳族单体的芳族均聚物和共聚物,其中所述单体包括苯乙烯,α-甲基苯乙烯,乙烯基甲苯的所有异构体,尤其是对乙烯基甲苯,乙基苯乙烯、丙基苯乙烯、乙烯基联苯、乙烯基萘和乙烯基蒽的所有异构体,及其混合物。均聚物和共聚物可以具有任何立体结构,包括间同立构、全同立构、半全同立构或无规立构;其中优选无规立构聚合物。还包括立体嵌段聚合物。
6a.包括上述乙烯基芳族单体和选自如下的共聚单体的共聚物:乙烯、丙烯、二烯、腈类、酸类、马来酸酐、马来酰亚胺、乙酸乙烯酯和氯乙烯或丙烯酸系衍生物及其混合物,例如苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物、苯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物、苯乙烯/乙烯共聚物(共聚体)、苯乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、苯乙烯/丁二烯/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、苯乙烯/丁二烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、苯乙烯/马来酸酐共聚物、苯乙烯/丙烯腈/丙烯酸甲酯共聚物;苯乙烯共聚物和另一聚合物如聚丙烯酸酯、二烯聚合物或乙烯/丙烯/二烯三元共聚物的高冲击强度混合物,以及苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物如苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯/乙烯/丁烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物或苯乙烯/乙烯/丙烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物。
6b.衍生于在6.)下所述聚合物的氢化的氢化芳族聚合物,尤其包括通过氢化无规立构聚苯乙烯而制备的聚环己基乙烯(PCHE),常常称为聚乙烯基环己烷(PVCH)。
6c.衍生于在6a.)下所述聚合物的氢化的氢化芳族聚合物。
均聚物和共聚物可以具有任何立体结构,包括间同立构、全同立构、半全同立构或无规立构;其中优选无规立构聚合物。还包括立体嵌段聚合物。
7.乙烯基芳族单体如苯乙烯或α-甲基苯乙烯的接枝共聚物,例如苯乙烯接枝聚丁二烯、苯乙烯接枝聚丁二烯-苯乙烯或聚丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物;苯乙烯和丙烯腈(或甲基丙烯腈)接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯、丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和马来酸酐接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯、丙烯腈和马来酸酐或马来酰亚胺接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和马来酰亚胺接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和丙烯酸烷基酯或甲基丙烯酸烷基酯接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝乙烯/丙烯/二烯三元共聚物;苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝聚丙烯酸烷基酯或聚甲基丙烯酸烷基酯,苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝聚丙烯酸酯/丁二烯共聚物,以及它们与在6)下所列共聚物的混合物,例如已知为ABS、MBS、ASA或AES聚合物的共聚物混合物。
8.含卤素聚合物如聚氯丁二烯、氯化橡胶、异丁烯-异戊二烯的氯化和溴化共聚物(卤代丁基橡胶),氯化或氯磺化聚乙烯,乙烯和氯化乙烯的共聚物,表氯醇均聚物和共聚物,尤其是含卤素乙烯基化合物的聚合物,例如聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚氟乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯,以及其共聚物如氯乙烯/偏二氯乙烯、氯乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯或偏二氯乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物。
9.衍生于α,β-不饱和酸及其衍生物的聚合物如聚丙烯酸酯和聚甲基丙烯酸酯;丙烯酸丁酯冲击改性的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酰胺和聚丙烯腈。
10.在9)下所述单体相互之间或与其他不饱和单体的共聚物,例如丙烯腈/丁二烯共聚物、丙烯腈/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、丙烯腈/丙烯酸烷氧基烷基酯或丙烯腈/卤乙烯共聚物或丙烯腈/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯/丁二烯三元共聚物。
11.衍生于不饱和醇和胺或其酰基衍生物或缩醛的聚合物,例如聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚硬脂酸乙烯酯、聚苯甲酸乙烯酯、聚马来酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚邻苯二甲酸烯丙酯或聚烯丙基蜜胺;以及其与在上面1)中提到的烯烃的共聚物。
12.环醚的均聚物和共聚物,例如聚亚烷基二醇、聚氧化乙烯、聚氧化丙烯或其与二缩水甘油醚的共聚物。
13.聚缩醛如聚甲醛和含有氧化乙烯作为共聚单体的那些聚甲醛;用热塑性聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯或MBS改性的聚缩醛。
14.聚苯醚和聚苯硫醚,以及聚苯醚与苯乙烯聚合物或聚酰胺的混合物。
15.一方面衍生于羟基封端的聚醚、聚酯或聚丁二烯且另一方面衍生于脂族或芳族多异氰酸酯的聚氨酯,及其前体。
16.衍生于二胺和二羧酸和/或氨基羧酸或对应的内酰胺的聚酰胺和共聚酰胺,例如聚酰胺4,聚酰胺6,聚酰胺6/6、6/10、6/9、6/12、4/6、12/12,聚酰胺11,聚酰胺12,由间苯二甲胺和己二酸开始的芳族聚酰胺;由六亚甲基二胺和间苯二甲酸或/和对苯二甲酸制备的聚酰胺,含或不含弹性体作为改性剂,例如聚对苯二甲酰2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二胺或聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺;还有上述聚酰胺与聚烯烃、烯烃共聚物、离聚物或化学键合或接枝的弹性体的嵌段共聚物;或与聚醚如聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚四亚甲基二醇的嵌段共聚物;以及用EPDM或ABS改性的聚酰胺或共聚酰胺;以及在加工过程中缩合的聚酰胺(RIM聚酰胺体系)。
17.聚脲、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酯酰亚胺、聚乙内酰脲和聚苯并咪唑类。
18.衍生于二羧酸和二醇和/或羟基羧酸或对应的内酯或交酯的聚酯,例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸1,4-二羟甲基环己烷酯、聚萘二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯和聚羟基苯甲酸酯以及衍生于羟基封端的聚醚的共聚醚酯,还有用聚碳酸酯或MBS改性的聚酯。共聚酯例如可以包括但不限于聚琥珀酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸四亚甲基二醇酯、聚琥珀酸/己二酸丁二醇酯、聚琥珀酸/碳酸丁二醇酯、聚-3-羟基丁酸酯/辛酸酯共聚物、聚-3-羟基丁酸酯/己酸酯/癸酸酯三元共聚物。此外,脂族聚酯例如包括但不限于聚(羟基链烷酸酯)类别,尤其是聚(丙内酯)、聚(丁内酯)、聚(新戊内酯)、聚(戊内酯)和聚(己内酯)、聚琥珀酸乙二醇酯、聚琥珀酸丙二醇酯、聚琥珀酸丁二醇酯、聚琥珀酸六亚甲基二醇酯、聚己二酸乙二醇酯、聚己二酸丙二醇酯、聚己二酸丁二醇酯、聚己二酸六亚甲基二醇酯、聚草酸乙二醇酯、聚草酸丙二醇酯、聚草酸丁二醇酯、聚草酸六亚甲基二醇酯、聚癸二酸乙二醇酯、聚癸二酸丙二醇酯、聚癸二酸丁二醇酯和聚乳酸(PLA)以及用聚碳酸酯或MBS改性的对应聚酯。术语“聚乳酸(PLA)”表示优选聚-L-丙交酯的均聚物以及其与其他聚合物的任何共混物或合金;乳酸或丙交酯与其他单体如羟基羧酸的共聚物,所述羟基羧酸如乙醇酸、3-羟基丁酸、4-羟基丁酸、4-羟基戊酸、5-羟基戊酸、6-羟基己酸及其环状形式;术语“乳酸”或“丙交酯”包括L-乳酸、D-乳酸、其混合物和二聚体,即L-丙交酯、D-丙交酯、内消旋丙交酯及其任何混合物。
19.聚碳酸酯和聚酯碳酸酯。
20.聚酮类。
21.聚砜、聚醚砜和聚醚酮。
22.一方面衍生于醛类且另一方面衍生于酚类、脲类和蜜胺的交联聚合物,如苯酚/甲醛树脂、脲/甲醛树脂和蜜胺/甲醛树脂。
23.干性和不干性醇酸树脂。
24.衍生于饱和和不饱和二羧酸与多元醇的共聚酯和作为交联剂的乙烯基化合物的不饱和聚酯树脂,以及具有低可燃性的其含卤素改性物。
25.衍生于取代丙烯酸酯如环氧丙烯酸酯、尿烷丙烯酸酯或聚酯丙烯酸酯的可交联丙烯酸系树脂。
26.用蜜胺树脂、脲树脂、异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯、多异氰酸酯或环氧树脂交联的醇酸树脂、聚酯树脂和丙烯酸酯树脂。
27.衍生于脂族、脂环族、杂环或芳族缩水甘油基化合物的交联的环氧树脂,例如双酚A和双酚F的二缩水甘油醚的产物,其用常规硬化剂如酸酐或胺在使用或不使用促进剂下交联。
28.天然聚合物如纤维素、橡胶、明胶及其化学改性的同系衍生物,例如乙酸纤维素、丙酸纤维素和丁酸纤维素,或者纤维素醚如甲基纤维素;以及松香及其衍生物。
29.上述聚合物的共混物(高分子共混物),例如PP/EPDM,聚酰胺/EPDM或ABS,PVC/EVA,PVC/ABS,PVC/MBS,PC/ABS,PBTP/ABS,PC/ASA,PC/PBT,PVC/CPE,PVC/丙烯酸酯,POM/热塑性PUR,PC/热塑性PUR,POM/丙烯酸酯,POM/MBS,PPO/HIPS,PPO/PA6.6和共聚物,PA/HDPE,PA/PP,PA/PPO,PBT/PC/ABS或PBT/PET/PC。
还可以将可生物降解聚合物用于本发明中。该类聚合物的实例如下所给。
天然或合成来源的可生物降解聚合物包括但不限于聚琥珀酸乙二醇酯(Lunare SE(Nihon Shokubai))、聚琥珀酸丁二醇酯(Bionolle 1000(ShowaHighpolymer))、聚琥珀酸/己二酸丁二醇酯(Bionolle 3000(ShowaHighpolymer))、聚琥珀酸/碳酸丁二醇酯(Iupec(Mitsubishi GasChemicals))、聚琥珀酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(Biomax(Dupont)、Ecoflex(BASF)、EasterBio(Eastman Chemicals))、聚己内酯(CelGreenPH(Daicel Kagaku)、Tone(UCC))、聚(羟基链烷酸酯)(Procter and Gamble或Metabolix的Nodax)、聚-3-羟基丁酸酯(Biogreen(Mitsubishi GasChemicals))、聚乳酸(NatureWorks(Cargill)、LACEA(MitsuiChemicals)、Lacty(Shimadzu Seisakusho))、聚酯酰胺或这些材料与天然或改性淀粉、多糖、木素、木粉、纤维素和壳多糖的共混物。
优选合成聚合物,尤其是热塑性聚合物。尤其优选的是在上面第1-3项下提到的聚烯烃。
例如在式(I)中,R1为C4-C12烷基、C4-C12烷氧基、C5-C6环烷氧基。
当R1的一部分为氧(-O·)或羟基(-OH)时,氧化可以类似于US 5,654,434中所述用过氧化氢氧化4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶而进行。另一也合适的氧化方法如WO 00/40550所述使用过乙酸。
氧化不必进行到所有哌啶氮原子被氧化。它可以在之前的许多阶段停止,由此导致含有NH、NOH和NO●结构部分的产物混合物。
本发明的另一方面是式(Ia)化合物:
其中在式(Ia)中,
基团R1中的2、3或4个为C4-C20烷基、C4-C20烷氧基、C3-C12环烷氧基或式的基团;
并且其余基团R1为氢、氧或羟基;
式(Ia)中的基团R2和R3相互独立地为氢、C1-C12烷基、未被取代或被1-3个C1-C4烷基取代的C5-C12环烷基、未被取代或被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的苯基、未被取代或苯基被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的C7-C9苯基烷基,或式(I-1)的基团:
基团R2和R3与它们所连接的氮一起形成吗啉代基团。
本发明的合适单独化合物如下所给:
化合物(1)
化合物(2)
化合物(3)
化合物(4)
化合物(5)
化合物(6)
化合物(7)
化合物(8)
化合物(9)
化合物(10)
化合物(11)
化合物(12)
本发明的其他方面是一种稳定剂组合物,该组合物包含含有组分b-I、b-II、b-III和b-IV的产品混合物:
组分b-I为0-30重量份取代度为1的式(I)化合物,
组分b-II为0-50重量份取代度为2的式(I)化合物,
组分b-III为10-50重量份取代度为3的式(I)化合物,和
组分b-IV为10-60重量份取代度为4的式(I)化合物,其中组分bI-bIV的份数总和为100;
其中
其中对于组分b-I和b-II,基团R1可以额外为氢、氧或羟基;
基团R2和R3相互独立地为氢、C1-C12烷基、未被取代或被1-3个C1-C4烷基取代的C5-C12环烷基、未被取代或被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的苯基、未被取代或苯基被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的C7-C9苯基烷基,或式(I-1)的基团:
基团R2和R3与它们所连接的氮一起形成吗啉代基团;以及
一种稳定经受由光、热或氧化诱发的降解的天然或合成聚合物的方法,包括向所述聚合物中掺入相对于天然或合成聚合物的重量为0.001-10重量%的上述组合物。
本发明的添加剂和任选的其他组分可以单独或相互混合加入聚合物材料中。需要的话,各组分可以在掺入聚合物之前例如通过干共混、压实或在熔体中相互混合。
本发明添加剂和任选的其他组分在聚合物中的掺入通过已知方法如以粉末形式干共混或以例如在惰性溶剂、水或油中的溶液、分散体或悬浮液形式湿混合而进行。本发明添加剂和任选的其他添加剂例如可以在成型之前或之后掺入或者也可以通过对聚合物材料施用溶解或分散的添加剂或添加剂混合物而掺入,随后蒸发或不蒸发溶剂或悬浮/分散剂。它们可以直接加入加工设备(例如挤出机、密闭式混合机等)中,例如作为干燥混合物或粉末或作为溶液或分散体或悬浮液或熔体。
掺入可以在任何装备有搅拌器的可加热容器中进行,例如在密闭设备如捏合机、混合机或搅拌容器中进行。掺入优选在挤出机或捏合机中进行。加工是否在惰性气氛中或在氧气存在下进行并不重要。
在该聚合物中加入添加剂或添加剂共混物可以在所有其中将聚合物熔融并与添加剂混合的常规混合机器中进行。合适的机器为本领域熟练技术人员所已知。它们主要是混合机、捏合机和挤出机。
特别优选的加工机器是单螺杆挤出机、逆向旋转和同向旋转双螺杆挤出机、行星式齿轮挤出机、环形挤出机或共捏合机。还可以使用提供有至少一个可以对其施加真空的气体除去室的加工机器。
合适的挤出机和捏合机例如描述于Handbuch derKunststoffextrusion,第1卷,Grundlagen,编辑F.Hensen,W.Knappe,H.Potente,1989,第3-7页,ISBN:3-446-14339-4(第2卷,Extrusionsanlagen 1986,ISBN 3-446-14329-7)中。
例如,螺杆长度为1-60个螺杆直径,优选20-48个螺杆直径。螺杆的旋转速度优选为1-800转/分(rpm),非常特别优选25-400rpm。
最大通过量取决于螺杆直径、旋转速度和驱动力。本发明方法还可以通过改变所述参数或使用输送配料量的称重机械在低于最大通过量的水平下进行。
本发明添加剂和任选的其他添加剂也可以以母料(“浓缩物”)形式加入聚合物中,其含有以例如约1重量%至约40重量%,优选2重量%至约20重量%的浓度掺入聚合物的组分。该聚合物不必与最终在其中添加该添加剂的聚合物具有相同结构。在该类操作中,该聚合物可以粉末、颗粒、溶液、悬浮液或胶乳形式使用。
合适的其他添加剂如下。
1.抗氧化剂
1.1.烷基化单酚
1.2.烷硫基甲基酚
1.3.氢醌类和烷基化氢醌类
1.4.生育酚类
1.5.羟基化硫代二苯醚
1.6.亚烷基双酚
1.7.O-、N-和S-苄基化合物
1.8.羟苄基化丙二酸酯
1.9.芳族羟苄基化合物
1.10.三嗪化合物
1.11.苄基膦酸酯
1.12.酰氨基酚
1.13.β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与一元醇或多元醇的酯
1.14.β-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)丙酸与一元醇或多元醇的酯
1.15.β-(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与一元醇或多元醇的酯
1.16.3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙酸与一元醇或多元醇的酯
1.17.β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸的酰胺
1.18.抗坏血酸(维生素C)
1.19.胺属抗氧化剂(aminic antioxidant)
2.UV吸收剂和光稳定剂
2.1.2-(2′-羟基苯基)苯并三唑类
2.2.2-羟基二苯甲酮类
2.3.取代和未取代苯甲酸的酯
2.4.丙烯酸酯
2.5.镍化合物
2.6.其他位阻胺
2.7.草酰胺类
2.8.2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪类
3.金属减活剂
4.亚磷酸酯和亚膦酸酯
5.羟胺类
6.硝酮类
7.硫代增效剂
8.过氧化物清除剂
9.聚酰胺稳定剂
10.碱性共稳定剂
11.成核剂
12.填料和增强剂
13.其他添加剂,例如增塑剂、润滑剂、乳化剂、颜料、流变添加剂、催化剂、流动控制剂、荧光增白剂、阻燃剂、抗静电剂和发泡剂
14.苯并呋喃酮类和二氢吲哚酮类
上述各组的实例更详细描述于US 6,878,761中。
最终产品可以是任何塑料产品,其需要在自然阳光和/或湿度下在低温、环境温度或升高的温度下稳定化。例如,聚合物组分可以用于制造塑料薄膜、片材、袋、瓶、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料杯、板材、器皿、泡罩包装、盒、包皮、塑料纤维、带、农业制品如双层农业薄膜、覆盖薄膜、小隧道薄膜、香蕉包、直接覆盖物、无纺织物、农业用途的盆、土工织物、掩埋覆盖物、工业覆盖物、废料覆盖物、临时脚手架片材、建筑薄膜、拦沙网、家禽用帘、建造临时性工棚结构的薄膜、一次性尿布、一次性服装等。制品可以通过本领域普通技术人员知晓的任何方法制造,这些方法包括但不限于挤出、挤出吹塑、薄膜流延、薄膜吹塑、压延、注塑、吹塑、压塑、热成型、旋压成型、吹挤和旋转铸塑。
优选的制品为由如下组分制成的农业制品:
(a)经受由光、热或氧化诱发的降解的天然或合成聚合物,和
(b)相对于天然或合成聚合物的重量为0.001-10重量%的含有组分b-I、b-II、b-III和b-IV的产品混合物;
组分b-I为0-30重量份取代度为1的式(I)化合物,
组分b-II为0-50重量份取代度为2的式(I)化合物,
组分b-III为10-50重量份取代度为3的式(I)化合物,和
组分b-IV为10-60重量份取代度为4的式(I)化合物,其中组分bI-bIV的份数总和为100;
其中
其中对于组分b-I和b-II,基团R1可以额外为氢、氧或羟基;
基团R2和R3相互独立地为氢、C1-C12烷基、未被取代或被1-3个C1-C4烷基取代的C5-C12环烷基、未被取代或被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的苯基、未被取代或苯基被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的C7-C9苯基烷基,或式(I-1)的基团:
基团R2和R3与它们所连接的氮一起形成吗啉代基团。
本发明的再一方面是如上所定义的组合物在稳定天然或合成聚合物以防光、热或氧化诱发的降解中的用途以及所述组合物作为天然或合成聚合物用阻燃剂的用途。
上面所给优选情形和定义同样适用于本发明的所有方面。
下列实施例说明本发明。
合成:
所有化学品以接收时的状态使用且在合成之前不进行提纯。所有反应在氮气气氛下进行。
下列结构对应于用作合成下面所报道化合物的原料的市售Chimassorb966:
在下面的结构式中,示出了哌啶环的氮原子上的所有取代基,但这是单-、二-、三-和四取代化合物的混合物。相应的量给于各实施例的LCMS(液相色谱法/质谱法)数据中。
实施例1:由Chimassorb 966开始合成化合物(101)。
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入50.0g Chimassorb 966、500ml 1,2-二氯苯、2.5g氧化钼(V1)和50.0g氢过氧化叔丁基的70%水溶液。然后将反应混合物在搅拌下加热到共沸温度,以借助Marcusson设备在4小时内除去水。然后将反应混合物转移到1L高压釜中,随后加入200ml环己烷、50.0g氢过氧化叔丁基的70%水溶液和2.5g氧化钼(VI)。然后将反应液加热到140℃并在搅拌下反应4小时。然后将该混合物冷却至室温并过滤。在维持搅拌下将300ml水和100.0g亚硫酸钠加入粗过滤溶液中。然后分离有机相并真空浓缩。米色粗残余物由1H-NMR分析揭示Chimassorb 966的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶单元的大部分N-H基团转化成对应的N-环己氧基,由此形成化合物(101)。
熔点:215-235℃
LCMS分析提供在最终粗残留物中的下列产物分布:
实施例2:由Chimassorb 966开始合成化合物(102)
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入50.0g Chimassorb 966、500ml 1,2-二氯苯、2.5g氧化钼(VI)和50.0g氢过氧化叔丁基的70%水溶液。然后将反应混合物在搅拌下加热到共沸温度,以借助Marcusson设备在4小时内除去水。然后将反应混合物转移到1L高压釜中,随后加入200ml正辛烷、50.0g氢过氧化叔丁基的70%水溶液和2.5g氧化钼(VI)。然后将反应液加热到140℃并在搅拌下反应4小时。然后将该混合物冷却至室温并过滤。在维持搅拌下将300ml水和100.0g亚硫酸钠加入粗过滤溶液中。然后分离有机相并真空浓缩。粗残余物由1H-NMR分析揭示Chimassorb 966的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶单元的大部分N-H基团转化成对应的N-辛氧基,由此形成化合物(102)。
熔点:112-135℃
LCMS分析提供在最终粗残留物中的下列产物分布:
实施例3:由Chimassorb 966开始合成化合物(103)
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入50.0g Chimassorb 996、200ml 1,2-二氯苯、23.0g碳酸钾、1.0g碘化钾和56.0g 1-溴辛烷。将该混合物在回流温度下维持搅拌18小时。然后将200ml水加入冷却的反应溶液中,随后将有机相分离并减压浓缩。此时粗反应液由1H-NMR分析揭示Chimassorb 966的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶单元的大部分N-H基团转化成对应的N-辛基,由此形成化合物(103)。
熔点:125-195℃
LCMS分析提供在最终粗残留物中的下列产物分布:
实施例4:由Chimassorb 966开始合成化合物(104)
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入50.0g Chimassorb 996、200ml 1,2-二氯苯、23.0g碳酸钾、1.0g碘化钾和56.0g 1-溴癸烷。将该混合物在回流温度下维持搅拌10小时。然后将200ml水加入冷却的反应溶液中,随后将有机相分离并减压浓缩。粗残余物由1H-NMR分析揭示Chimassorb 966的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶单元的大部分N-H基团转化成对应的N-癸基,由此形成化合物(104)。
熔点:76-109℃
LCMS分析提供在最终粗残留物中的下列产物分布:
实施例5:由Chimassorb 966开始合成化合物105
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入50.0g Chimassorb 996、250ml 1,2-二氯苯,23.0g碳酸钾、1.0g碘化钾和63.0g 1-十二烷基溴。将该混合物在回流温度下维持搅拌35小时。然后将过滤的溶液用乙醇重结晶并减压干燥。所得白色沉淀的1H-NMR分析揭示Chimassorb 966的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶单元的大部分N-H基团转化成对应的N-十二烷基,由此形成化合物105。
熔点:126-152℃
LCMS分析提供了在最终固体中的下列产物分布:
实施例6:由化合物A开始合成化合物(106)
由Chimassorb 966开始合成化合物(A):
化合物A可以根据WO 2002058844中报道的程序制备或者借助现有技术的氧化程序制备。
合成化合物(106):
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入100.0g化合物A、500ml二氯甲烷、147.0g十二烷醛、60.0g乙酸和3.0g氯化铜(I)。然后在维持温度低于37℃下将80.0g 30%过氧化氢水溶液滴加到搅拌的混合物中。然后使反应液在37℃下反应19小时,随后向该混合物中加入30%氢氧化钠溶液,直到水相的pH为11。将有机相与水相分离,用水洗涤两次并真空浓缩。将残余物用乙醇洗涤,得到轻微棕色固体。熔点:127-137℃
LCMS分析提供了在最终固体中的下列产物分布:
I.化合物(106)的替换合成:
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入30.0g化合物B、50ml二氯乙烷和300ml氯苯。在3小时内在105℃的温度下将溶于100ml二氯乙烷中的42.0g过氧化月桂酰滴加到该搅拌混合物中。在所示温度下继续搅拌8小时。真空浓缩反应混合物。加入400ml异丙醇并将该混合物加热到75℃。在该温度下搅拌的同时产物开始沉淀。2小时后将该混合物冷却至室温。通过过滤收集固体并用冷异丙醇洗涤两次。化合物(106)以灰白色固体(23g)得到。
熔点:125-145℃
II.化合物(106)的另一替换合成:
a)制备α,α′-二羟基二-十二烷基过氧化物
将30.0g十二烷醛溶于45ml叔丁基甲基醚中。在15分钟内加入36g 30%过氧化氢溶液并将形成的乳液在室温下搅拌3小时。将反应混合物用10ml水萃取5次,然后在硫酸钠上干燥。真空除去溶剂,以白色粉末得到产物(20.9g)。
b)向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入3.0g化合物A、5ml二氯乙烷和30ml氯苯。在105℃的温度下在2小时内将4.2g溶于10ml氯苯中的α,α′-二羟基二-十二烷基过氧化物滴加到搅拌的混合物中。在所示温度下继续搅拌8小时。真空浓缩反应混合物。加入40ml异丙醇并将该混合物加热到75℃。在该温度下搅拌的同时产物开始沉淀。3小时后将该混合物冷却至室温。通过过滤收集固体并用冷异丙醇洗涤两次。化合物(6)以灰白色固体(2.2g)得到。
熔点:124-145℃
实施例7:由化合物A开始合成化合物(107)
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入50.0g化合物A、200ml二氯甲烷、73.5g 2-乙基己醛、30.0g乙酸和1.5g氯化铜(I)。然后在1小时30分钟内在维持温度低于39℃下将40.0g 30%过氧化氢水溶液滴加到搅拌的混合物中。然后使反应液在39℃下反应19小时,随后将30%氢氧化钠溶液加入该混合物中,直到水相的pH为11。将有机相与水相分离,用水洗涤两次并真空浓缩,得到白色固体。
熔点:213-222℃
LCMS分析提供了在最终固体中的下列产物分布(%):
实施例8:由Chimassorb 966和化合物(B)开始合成化合物(108)
合成化合物(B):
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入140.0g聚乙二醇甲基醚(Mw=350)、133.6g溴乙酸乙酯、2.0g对甲苯磺酸一水合物、400ml二甲苯。将该混合物在回流温度下维持搅拌16小时。然后将该溶液在真空下浓缩并过滤。所得液体的1H-NMR分析证实化合物B的结构。
合成化合物(108):
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入50.0g Chimassorb 966、500ml氯苯、109.0g化合物(B)、34.5g碳酸钾和6.9g碘化钾。将该混合物在回流温度下维持搅拌16小时。然后将水加入过滤的溶液中,将有机相分离并真空浓缩。残余物用乙醇洗涤,然后用水洗涤。将形成的沉淀过滤并在烘箱中干燥。所得沉淀的1H-NMR分析揭示Chimassorb 966的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶单元的大部分N-H基团转化成对应的N-烷基,由此形成化合物(108)。
熔点:128-140℃
GPC-UV色谱分析提供了下列产物分布:
组分 大致量(%)测得的质量
原料 ≤5% 1215未检测
单取代~25% 1720
二取代~35% 2010
三取代~30% 2364
四取代~10% 2730
实施例9:由化合物(A)开始合成化合物(102)的替换方案
向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中依次加入3.0g化合物A、10ml二氯乙烷和15ml氯苯。在1.5小时内在105℃的温度下将溶于10ml二氯乙烷中的3.3g过氧化壬酰滴加到该搅拌混合物中。继续在所示温度下搅拌10小时。真空浓缩反应混合物。加入40ml异丙醇并将该混合物加热到75℃。在该温度下搅拌的同时产物开始沉淀。在2小时后将该混合物冷却至室温。通过过滤收集固体并用冷异丙醇洗涤两次。以灰白色固体得到化合物(102)(2.3g)。
熔点:162-169℃
应用数据:
薄膜制造:
在涡轮混合机(Caccia,Labo 10)中将添加剂与LDPE混合。使用O.M.C.双螺杆挤出机(ebv 19/25型)将该混合物在200℃的最高温度下挤出成颗粒。然后使用在210℃的最大温度下操作的吹塑挤出机(Dolci(RTM))将颗粒与相同的LDPE混合并被其稀释,以得到制备150μm厚薄膜的最终组合物。LDPE薄膜的最终浓度示于表1中。
表1:LDPE薄膜的最终组成
参考 | 添加剂 |
薄膜1 | 无 |
薄膜2 | 0.4%Chimassorb 966(作为参考的市售产品) |
薄膜3 | 0.4%化合物(106) |
薄膜4 | 0.4%化合物(105) |
薄膜5 | 0.4%化合物(107) |
薄膜6 | 0.4%Tinuvin NOR 371(作为参考的市售产品) |
薄膜7 | 0.4%Chimassorb 119(作为参考的市售产品) |
薄膜8 | 0.4%Adeka Stab LA 81 |
凝胶计数:
加添加剂的LDPE薄膜中的N°凝胶/m2用OCS Optical Control System销售的Film Scan FS3计数。结果示于表2中。
表2:加添加剂的LDPE薄膜上的n°凝胶/m2
添加剂在LDPE薄膜中作为稳定剂的性能
曝光:使LDPE薄膜在装备有6500W氙灯(0.35W/m2;连续光循环,黑板温度=63℃)的ATLAS老化测试机(Ci65A型)中暴露。
评价参数:
1)羰基增量:在应用性试验下评价添加有0.4%化合物的LDPE薄膜中的羰基谱带增量(1710cm-1),以评价作为光/热稳定剂的性能。
化合物105和107的稳定剂性能示于表3-6中。
表3:150μm加有添加剂的LDPE薄膜在WOM曝光时的羰基增量
表4:150μm加有添加剂的LDPE薄膜在WOM曝光时的断裂伸长%
表5:150μm加有添加剂的LDPE薄膜在WOM曝光时的羰基增量
表6:150μm加有添加剂的LDPE薄膜在WOM曝光时的断裂伸长%
在PP薄膜中作为阻燃剂的性能:
加工和火焰测试:
除非另有指明,在加入基础水平的稳定剂(0.3%IRGANOX B225+0.05%硬脂酸钙,IRGANOX B225为IRGAFOS 168和IRGANOX 1010的1∶1混合物)和表1-2所示添加剂下,将市售聚丙烯(MOPLEN HF500N,制造商:Basell)在来自Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer的同向旋转双螺杆挤出机ZSK25上在Tmax=230℃的温度(加热区1-6)、4kg/h的通过量和100rpm下挤出。在水浴中冷却之后将聚合物线料造粒。
测试样本通过在热压机中压塑而制备(膜厚=200μm,250×110mm,Fontjne TP200,pmax=50kN,230℃)。
根据DIN 4102-B2(边缘燃烧,火焰长度=40mm)研究测试样品的阻燃性。
表1(根据DIN 4102-B2对200μm压制薄膜的燃烧测试,边缘燃烧,40mm火焰,数据来自PDR100388)
实施例 | 添加剂 | 重量损失/% | 燃烧长度/mm | 燃烧滴液 | 合格/不合格 |
对比1 | 无 | 100 | 190 | 是 | 不合格 |
发明1 | 0.50%化合物106 | 3.8 | 100 | 否 | 合格 |
发明2 | 0.50%化合物107 | 6.9 | 102 | 是 | 合格 |
重量损失和燃烧长度的值低反映了阻燃性提高。反映优异FR性能的另一显著方面是无燃烧滴液。
Claims (11)
1.一种组合物,包含
(a)经受由光、热或氧化诱发的降解的天然或合成聚合物,和
(b)相对于天然或合成聚合物的重量为0.001-10重量%的含有组分b-I、b-II、b-III和b-IV的产品混合物;
组分b-I为5-25重量份取代度为1的式(I)化合物,
组分b-II为5-35重量份取代度为2的式(I)化合物,
组分b-III为10-45重量份取代度为3的式(I)化合物,和
组分b-IV为10-45重量份取代度为4的式(I)化合物,其中组分bI-bIV的份数总和为100;
其中
基团R1为C4-C20烷基、C4-C20烷氧基、C3-C12环烷氧基或式的基团;
其中对于组分b-I和b-II,基团R1可以额外为氢、氧或羟基;
基团R2和R3相互独立地为氢、C1-C12烷基、未被取代或被1-3个C1-C4烷基取代的C5-C12环烷基、未被取代或被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的苯基、未被取代或苯基被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的C7-C9苯基烷基,或式(I-1)的基团:
基团R2和R3与它们所连接的氮一起形成吗啉代基团。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中R1为C4-C12烷基、C4-C12烷氧基、C5-C6环烷氧基。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的组合物,其中所述天然或合成聚合物为聚烯烃。
6.一种组合物,包含含有组分b-I、b-II、b-III和b-IV的产品混合物:
组分b-I为5-25重量份取代度为1的式(I)化合物,
组分b-II为5-35重量份取代度为2的式(I)化合物,
组分b-III为10-45重量份取代度为3的式(I)化合物,和
组分b-IV为10-45重量份取代度为4的式(I)化合物,其中组分bI-bIV的份数总和为100;
其中式(I)为
其中
其中对于组分b-I和b-II,基团R1可以额外为氢、氧或羟基;
其中取代度表示取代基R1的数目,取代基R1为C4-C20烷基、C4-C20烷氧基、C3-C12环烷氧基或式的基团;
基团R2和R3相互独立地为氢、C1-C12烷基、未被取代或被1-3个C1-C4烷基取代的C5-C12环烷基、未被取代或被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的苯基、未被取代或苯基被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的C7-C9苯基烷基,或式(I-1)的基团:
其中R4为氢、C4-C20烷基、C4-C20烷氧基、C3-C12环烷氧基或式
的基团;或
基团R2和R3与它们所连接的氮一起形成吗啉代基团。
7.一种稳定经受由光、热或氧化诱发的降解的天然或合成聚合物的方法,包括向所述聚合物中掺入相对于天然或合成聚合物的重量为0.001-10重量%的根据权利要求6的组合物。
8.一种由如下组分制成的农业制品:
(a)经受由光、热或氧化诱发的降解的天然或合成聚合物,和
(b)相对于天然或合成聚合物的重量为0.001-10重量%的含有组分b-I、b-II、b-III和b-IV的产品混合物;
组分b-I为5-25重量份取代度为1的式(I)化合物,
组分b-II为5-35重量份取代度为2的式(I)化合物,
组分b-III为10-45重量份取代度为3的式(I)化合物,和
组分b-IV为10-45重量份取代度为4的式(I)化合物,其中组分bI-bIV的份数总和为100;
其中
其中对于组分b-I和b-II,基团R1可以额外为氢、氧或羟基;
其中取代度表示取代基R1的数目,取代基R1为C4-C20烷基、C4-C20烷氧基、C3-C12环烷氧基或式的基团;
基团R2和R3相互独立地为氢、C1-C12烷基、未被取代或被1-3个C1-C4烷基取代的C5-C12环烷基、未被取代或被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的苯基、未被取代或苯基被1-3个选自-OH和C1-C10烷基的基团取代的C7-C9苯基烷基,或式(I-1)的基团:
基团R2和R3与它们所连接的氮一起形成吗啉代基团。
10.如权利要求6所定义的组合物在稳定天然或合成聚合物以防光、热或氧化诱发的降解中的用途。
11.如权利要求6所定义的组合物作为天然或合成聚合物用阻燃剂的用途。
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CA2762361A1 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2010-12-16 | Basf Se | Novel sterically hindered amine light stabilizers |
US20120108712A1 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2012-05-03 | Basf Se | Phenylphosphonate flame retardant compositions |
US8598369B2 (en) | 2009-08-11 | 2013-12-03 | Basf Se | Bi—or tricyclic sterically hindered alkoxyamines and process for their preparation |
US8895647B2 (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2014-11-25 | Basf Se | Sterically hindered amine stabilizer |
ES2543401T3 (es) | 2010-03-05 | 2015-08-19 | Basf Se | Aminas estéricamente impedidas |
EP2545035B1 (en) | 2010-03-05 | 2017-08-09 | Basf Se | Sterically hindered amines |
JP5992422B2 (ja) | 2010-10-20 | 2016-09-14 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | 混合官能化による立体障害アミン型光安定剤 |
US9556326B2 (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2017-01-31 | Basf Se | Oligomeric light stabilizers with a specific functionalization |
WO2012106073A2 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-09 | Basf Se | Methods of flame retarding polyethylene processed at high temperatures |
MA39529B1 (fr) | 2014-05-15 | 2018-11-30 | Basf Se | Agent stabilisant hautement efficace |
KR102396054B1 (ko) | 2014-06-24 | 2022-05-10 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 안정화된 폴리프로필렌 층을 포함하는 폴리올레핀 광전 백시트 |
CN104403485A (zh) * | 2014-12-07 | 2015-03-11 | 李永志 | 防霉汽车粉末涂料 |
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KR102576757B1 (ko) * | 2016-08-29 | 2023-09-07 | 제이엔씨 주식회사 | 피페리딘 유도체, 액정 조성물, 및 액정 표시 소자 |
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