CN102273566A - 一种石斑鱼低鱼粉饲料 - Google Patents
一种石斑鱼低鱼粉饲料 Download PDFInfo
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- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种石斑鱼低鱼粉饲料，包括鱼粉蛋白组分和脂肪组分。该饲料还包括石斑鱼脑肠肽Ghrelin，其中鱼粉蛋白组分占饲料总重量的35%-40%。每公斤饲料中添加石斑鱼脑肠肽Ghrelin2-4mg为佳。相对于现有技术本发明能降低饲料中鱼粉含量，降低饲料成本和摆脱水产养殖对鱼粉的依赖性，且安全可靠。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及鱼类饲料，具体涉及一种石斑鱼低鱼粉饲料。
背景技术
石斑鱼为肉食性、暖水性、广盐性的中下层鱼类，进行养殖的国家和地区有菲律宾、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、泰国、日本、中国大陆和台湾省等，在中国大陆主要集中在沿海的广东、福建、浙江、海南等四省，其中广东占了养殖产量的很大部分。石斑鱼具有生长速度快、饵料系数低、经济价值高等优点，是高蛋白、低脂肪的上等食用鱼类，因而被认为是精养条件下最有养殖前景的鱼类。鱼粉是鱼类配合饲料的优质蛋白源，其在饲料中的含量因鱼种类不同而有所差异, 肉食性鱼类饲料中鱼粉含量大约为30-60%，而石斑鱼饲料中鱼粉含量高达45-55%。近年来，世界范围内水产养殖产业快速发展，对鱼粉的需求量日益增加，导致鱼粉供应紧张，价格逐年攀升，而且饲料中鱼粉含量过高会造成氨氮排放过高等环境污染问题。降低饲料中鱼粉含量是降低饲料成本和摆脱水产养殖对鱼粉的依赖性、保证水产养殖产业可持续发展的关键环节，低鱼粉饲料是当今饲料发展的一大趋势，不单符合经济利益，也符合环境生态利益的要求。因此研究开发石斑鱼低鱼粉饲料至关重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种石斑鱼低鱼粉饲料。该饲料能有效地减少鱼粉使用量，而对石斑鱼的摄食与生长却未造成影响。
该饲料是在现有的石斑鱼饲料配方的基础上，通过加入少量的石斑鱼脑肠肽（Ghrelin），降低原配方的鱼粉组分含量来达到。具体为：
一种石斑鱼低鱼粉饲料，包括鱼粉蛋白组分、脂肪组分。该饲料中还含有石斑鱼脑肠肽（Ghrelin），其中鱼粉蛋白组分占饲料总重量的35%--40%。
其中石斑鱼脑肠肽（Ghrelin）组分优选的含量配比为：每公斤所述饲料中添加石斑鱼脑肠肽（Ghrelin ）2-4mg。
所述的饲料还包括豆粕、小麦面筋蛋白、面粉、虾头粉。
现对于现有技术，本发明具有如下优点：
1、可降低饲料中鱼粉的含量、降低饲料成本和摆脱水产养殖对鱼粉的依赖性、符合环境生态利益的要求。
2、本配方饲料中加入的石斑鱼脑肠肽（Ghrelin）为生物基因工程产品，是石斑鱼本身具有的内源性多肽，在体内既起到调节摄食与生长的功能，因此这种多肽添加剂是安全可靠的。
3、本配方饲料可制作成膨化料，生产工艺与其他膨化料制作工艺相仿。石斑鱼为中下层鱼类，使用膨化料能减少传统的硬颗粒饲料存在的易散失、易污染水体等弊端，提高了饲料的转化率。
4、经过长期饲养实验结果表明，本配方饲料适口性好，用于饲养石斑鱼对其摄食与生长并未造成影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步旳说明。
实施例实验数据旳计算方法为：
特定生长率SGR（% d-1）=100×(ln终末均重-ln初始均重)/实验天数
增重率WG(%)=(终末均重-初始均重)×100/初均重
成活率SR(%)=实验结束时剩鱼尾数×100/实验开始时放鱼尾数
饲料系数（FCR）= 饲料投喂量/（终末体重 - 初始体重）
石斑鱼脑肠肽Ghrelin，购自上海吉尔生化有限公司，纯度为70%以上(脱盐纯)。
实施例1：
以表1所示配方配制饲料，在投喂前按照2mg/kg饲料的添加量将溶于生理盐水的石斑鱼脑肠肽Ghrelin均匀喷涂于饲料颗粒表面。饲养均重为84.78g石斑鱼56天后末均重（FBW）为205.36g，平均摄食量（FI）124.31g, 特定生长率（SGR，％d-1）1.64，增重率（WG）142.03％，饲料系数（FCR）1.03，成活率91.67％，神经肽Y mRNA表达量1.61。
实施例2：
以表1所示配方配制饲料，鱼粉用量改为40%。在投喂前按照4mg/kg饲料的添加量将溶于生理盐水的石斑鱼脑肠肽Ghrelin均匀喷涂于饲料颗粒表面。饲养均重为84.56g石斑鱼56天后FBW为197.05g，FI为109.95g, SGR为1.57，WG为133.06％，饲料系数（FCR）0.98，成活率98.33％，神经肽Y mRNA表达量0.92。
对照组1：以表1所示配方配制饲料，不加石斑鱼脑肠肽Ghrelin。饲养均重为84.78g石斑鱼56天后，FBW 为172.85g，FI为 88.37g，SGR为 13，WG为 103.78，神经肽Y mRNA表达量为0.82。
对比上述组数据可以看出，用添加石斑鱼脑肠肽Ghrelin饲料喂养组明显比对比组1旳摄食与生长情况要好。当饲料中石斑鱼脑肠肽Ghrelin添加量为4mg/kg时饲养效果最好。
表1 实施例饲料配方及营养成分分析
| 鱼粉 | 35 |
| 普通豆粕 | 17.2 |
| 小麦面筋蛋白 | 10.5 |
| 面粉 | 23 |
| 酵母粉 | 2 |
| 虾头粉 | 2 |
| 明胶 | 3 |
| 豆油 | 2.5 |
| 大豆卵磷脂 | 1.5 |
| 复合维生素 | 1 |
| 复合矿物盐 | 0.3 |
| 胆碱 | 0.8 |
| 磷酸二氢钙 | 1 |
| Vc | 0.2 |
| 成分分析 | |
| 水分 | 91 |
| 粗蛋白 | 470 |
| 粗脂肪 | 7.5 |
| 灰分 | 120 |
复合维生素（mg/g 混合物）：VB1,6；VB2,20；泛酸钙,28；烟酸,80；VB6,4；叶酸,1.5；肌醇,400；VK,4；VE,40；VA,0.01；生物素,0.6；VB12,0.01；对氨基苯甲酸,40；抗坏血酸,200；纤维素,175.8。
复合矿物盐（mg/g 混合物）：硫酸镁,274；柠檬酸铁,73.8；氯化钴,2.1；硫酸锰,1.1；碘化钾,0.34；氯化铝, 0.36；硫酸铜, 0.41；氯化钾, 207.2；硫酸锌,7.04；亚硒酸钠,0.03；纤维素,433.7。
Claims (3)
1.一种石斑鱼低鱼粉饲料，包括鱼粉蛋白组分、脂肪组分，其特征在于，该饲料中还包括石斑鱼脑肠肽，所述的鱼粉蛋白组分占饲料总重量的35%--40%。
2.根据权利1所述的饲料，其特征在于，每公斤饲料中添加石斑鱼脑肠肽2-4mg。
3.根据权利1或2所述的饲料，其特征在于所述的饲料还包括豆粕、小麦面筋蛋白、面粉、虾头粉。
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| CN102960576A (zh) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-03-13 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | 石斑鱼稚鱼颗粒配合饲料 |
| CN102960577A (zh) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-03-13 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | 石斑鱼成鱼颗粒配合饲料 |
| WO2015076666A3 (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-08-13 | Monash University Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. | Combination of ghrelin and kisspeptin analogs (gpr54 agonists) for growth of aquatic animals |
| CN114027418A (zh) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-11 | 中山大学 | 一种通过添加摄食生长调节肽降低水产饲料中鱼粉用量的方法 |
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| CN102090537A (zh) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-06-15 | 福建天马科技集团有限公司 | 石斑鱼粉状配合饲料 |
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| CN102090537A (zh) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-06-15 | 福建天马科技集团有限公司 | 石斑鱼粉状配合饲料 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102960576A (zh) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-03-13 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | 石斑鱼稚鱼颗粒配合饲料 |
| CN102960577A (zh) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-03-13 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | 石斑鱼成鱼颗粒配合饲料 |
| WO2015076666A3 (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-08-13 | Monash University Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. | Combination of ghrelin and kisspeptin analogs (gpr54 agonists) for growth of aquatic animals |
| CN114027418A (zh) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-11 | 中山大学 | 一种通过添加摄食生长调节肽降低水产饲料中鱼粉用量的方法 |
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