CN102264462A - 基于聚醚和乙烯基单体的共聚物作为乳状液的稳定剂的用途 - Google Patents
基于聚醚和乙烯基单体的共聚物作为乳状液的稳定剂的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及通过在聚醚存在下聚合乙酸乙烯酯和N-乙烯基内酰胺而得到的水溶性或水分散性共聚物作为乳状液的稳定剂的用途。
Description
本发明涉及通过在聚醚存在下聚合乙酸乙烯酯和N-乙烯基内酰胺而得到的共聚物作为乳状液的稳定剂的用途。本发明进一步涉及相应乳状液和基于这些乳状液的药物和化妆品制剂。
乳状液为两种不溶混性液体的分散体系。这里,区分为内相或分散相(其以不连续的液滴分布)和外相分散剂(粘稠相(coherent phase))。取决于所述体系的相位置,区分为水包油(O/W)乳状液和油包水(W/O)乳状液。
乳状液特别用于药物和化妆品制剂的领域中。
然而,乳状液的一个问题是它们趋向于不稳定性,特别是在延长时间内储存时。内相的液滴生长在一起(称作聚结)可导致乳状液粗化,以致于乳状液的完全破坏和完全相分离。因此,目的是提供新型改善的稳定剂。
迄今为止经常使用的乳化剂例如为阴离子表面活性剂如如十二烷基硫酸钠或二辛基磺基丁二酸钠,两性表面活性剂如卵磷脂,非离子表面活性剂如鲸蜡醇、鲸蜡基硬脂醇、硬脂醇、脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸甘油酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯或脂肪酸醚、甘油脂肪酸酯或大分子表面活性剂如泊洛沙姆或聚乙二醇。
WO 2007/051743公开了通过聚合N-乙烯基内酰胺、乙酸乙烯酯和聚醚而得到的共聚物作为微溶于水中的活性成分的增溶剂的用途。
根据本发明该目通过由自由基引发聚合如下组分的混合物而得到的水溶性或水分散性共聚物作为生产固体含活性成分剂型的粘结剂的用途实现:
i)30-80重量%N-乙烯基内酰胺,
ii)10-50重量%乙酸乙烯酯,和
iii)10-50重量%聚醚,
条件是i)、ii)和iii)之和等于100重量%。
优选的聚合物由如下组分得到:
i)30-70重量%N-乙烯基内酰胺,
ii)15-35重量%乙酸乙烯酯,和
iii)10-35重量%聚醚。
特别优选的聚合物由如下组分得到:
i)40-60重量%N-乙烯基内酰胺,
ii)15-35重量%乙酸乙烯酯,和
iii)10-30重量%聚醚。
组分i)、ii)和iii)之和等于100重量%的条件也适用于优选和特别优选的组成。
适合作为N-乙烯基内酰胺的是N-乙烯基己内酰胺或N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮或其混合物。优选使用N-乙烯基己内酰胺。
合适的聚醚优选为聚亚烷基二醇。聚亚烷基二醇可具有1000-100000D[道尔顿],优选1500-35000D,特别优选1500-10000D的分子量。分子量由根据DIN 53240测量的OH数开始测定。
合适的特别优选的聚亚烷基二醇是聚乙二醇。还合适的是由2-乙基环氧乙烷或2,3-二甲基环氧乙烷得到的聚丙二醇、聚四氢呋喃或聚丁二醇。合适的聚醚还有由环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷和环氧丁烷得到的聚亚烷基二醇的无规或嵌段状共聚物,例如聚乙二醇-聚丙二醇嵌段共聚物。嵌段共聚物可呈AB或ABA型。
优选的聚亚烷基二醇还包括在一个或两个OH端基上烷基化的那些。合适的烷基是支化或未支化的C1-C22烷基,优选C1-C18烷基,例如甲基、乙基、正丁基、异丁基、戊基、己基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十二烷基、十三烷基或十八烷基。
制备本发明共聚物的通用方法本身是已知的。制备通过在非水有机溶剂中或在混合非水/含水溶剂中的自由基引发聚合,优选溶液聚合而进行。共聚物的制备及其向粉末形式的转化详细描述于WO 2007/051743中,在此清楚地参考该文献有关共聚物制备的公开内容。
聚合物根据Fikentscher的K值为10-60,优选15-40,在浓度为1重量%乙醇溶液中测量。
根据本发明,该聚合物适合用作乳状液,特别用作水包油乳状液的稳定剂。
稳定剂在乳状液中的比例可为1-50重量%,优选2-40重量%,特别优选5-25重量%。
乳状液可通过下列分步骤制备:
-制备亲油相和亲水相,
-分散不溶混相,
-均化。
在转相法的情况下,将会成为成品乳状液中的分散相的相作为初始加料引入。然后可将乳化剂分布于两相中,或所有一起结合到作为初始加料引入的相中。
根据其它方法,可首先制备基础乳状液,可将剩余亲水相结合到其中。
制备乳状液的其它方法以如下方式进行:将乳化剂结合到粘稠相中,并逐渐将其结合到分散相中。
适合均化的为常用于此的设备如桨式搅拌器、棒式搅拌器或Ultra-Turrax。
混合方法可在室温下进行。然而,也可适当地加热该混合物,然后使其均化。本领域熟练技术人员可借助数个简单实验确立最适合各个情况的方法。
该类乳状液特别适合用于药物或化妆品组合物中。然而,也可稳定用于技术应用的乳状液。
本发明乳状液适用于活性成分为原始油的药物或化妆品制剂,或油溶性活性成分的制剂。当然也可以溶解或分散形式结合其它活性成分。
原始油例如为:
霍霍巴油、椰油、杏仁油、橄榄油、棕榈油、蓖麻油、豆油或小麦胚芽油,或精油如中欧山松针叶油、薰衣草油、迷迭香油、云杉针叶油、松针油、桉树油、薄荷油、鼠尾草油、香柠檬油、松节油、蜂花油、刺柏油、柠檬油、茴香油、小豆蔻油、薄荷油、樟脑油等或这些油的混合物。
合适的活性成分为例如类皮质激素如氢化可的松。
如果需要,可使用0-15重量%的其它药物常规助剂。
药物制剂可使用常规药物助剂如抗氧化剂、防腐剂、增稠剂、螯合剂、气味物质、pH调节剂如酸化剂、缓冲物质、增甜剂、芳香物质、风味增强剂和染料。在本发明中下列物质特别合适:柠檬酸、酒石酸、抗坏血酸、磷酸二氢钠、环己烷氨基磺酸盐、糖精钠、天冬甜素、薄荷醇、薄荷香精、水果香精、香草香精、谷氨酸盐、核黄素、β-胡萝卜素、水溶性染料、细碎色淀。可使用合适的增稠剂如甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、角叉菜聚糖、果胶、黄原胶或藻酸盐。
此外,还可以加入其它界面活性化合物,例如月桂基硫酸钠,磺基琥珀酸二辛酯,烷氧基化脱水山梨糖醇酯如聚山梨酸酯80,蓖麻油或氢化蓖麻油的多烷氧基化衍生物如RH 40,烷氧基化脂肪酸,烷氧基化羟基脂肪酸,烷氧基化脂肪醇,脂肪酸的碱金属盐和卵磷脂。
此外,还可以加入颜料如铁氧化物、二氧化钛、胶态或沉淀二氧化硅、碳酸钙或磷酸钙。
水包油型的本发明乳状液可以霜剂、洗剂或乳状液体制剂的形式用于药物制剂中。
此外,根据本发明,所述共聚物也适合作为化妆品制剂的稳定剂。通常化妆品制剂用于皮肤的局部应用。
通常,将化妆品和/或皮肤病制剂理解为指如下混合物或配制剂,其用于局部应用在皮肤或头发上,且适于(i)防止伤害人皮肤和/或人头发,(ii)治疗人皮肤和/或人头发的存在伤害,(iii)护理人皮肤和/或人头发,和/或(iv)改善皮肤感觉(感官性能)。明确包括的为用于装饰性化妆品的组合物。本发明方法中所述的化妆品和/或皮肤病制剂为其主要适应症主要(例如在防晒制剂的情况下)或尤其(例如在日护产品的情况下、在抗衰老产品、自晒黑制剂中)是保护皮肤免受阳光尤其是UV-B辐射(280-320nm)和UV-A辐射(>320nm)伤害的制剂。除了在化妆品上相容介质中的UV过滤物质外,化妆品和/或皮肤病制剂还包含合适的助剂和添加剂,根据具体应用领域对其进行选择。该类助剂和添加剂为本领域熟练技术人员所知且可例如在化妆品手册,例如Schrader,Grundlagen und Rezepturen der Kosmetika[Fundamentals and formulations of cosmetics],Hüthig Verlag,Heidelberg,1989,ISBN 3-7785-1491-1,或Umbach,Kosmetik:Entwicklung,Herstellung und Anwendung kosmetischer Mittel[Cosmetics:development,preparation and use of cosmetic compositions],第二增版,1995,Georg Thieme Verlag,ISBN 3 13 712602 9中找到。将术语UV-A过滤物质理解为不仅特别指油溶性或水溶性物质,而且指微溶或颜料状物质,其最大吸收在UV-A区域即320-400nm中。作为UV-A过滤物质,优选使用其最大吸收为330-400nm,特别是350-380nm的物质。此外,特别优选本身光稳定或通过其它物质光稳定化的UV-A过滤物质。
在本发明方法中,作为UV-A过滤物质,还优选使用如下那些物质,其在UV-A区域具有高吸收率,优选吸收率A 1%/1cm(溶液浓度为1%,在1cm光程长度上)为至少700,特别是至少900。
油溶性UV-B过滤物质实例为:
3-亚苄基樟脑衍生物,优选3-(4-甲基亚苄基)樟脑,4-氨基苯甲酸衍生物,优选4-(二甲基氨基)苯甲酸2-乙基己基酯、4-(二甲基氨基)苯甲酸戊基酯、聚乙氧基乙基4-二(聚乙氧基)氨基苯甲酸酯(以商品名P25由BASF AG市购);以及与聚合物结合的UV-B过滤物质(例如丙二酸亚苄基酯聚硅氧烷,INCI:聚硅氧烷-15)。
许多UV辐射吸收性化合物为市售商品,例如级(BASF)。光保护剂包括二苯甲酮、苯并三唑、氰基丙烯酸酯、空间受阻胺(HALS化合物)、三嗪、肉桂酸酯、对氨基苯甲酸酯、萘二甲酰亚胺种类的化合物。其它已知的UV辐射吸收性化合物为例如羟基苯基三嗪或N,N’-二苯基乙二酰胺。该类化合物通常单独或以与其它光保护剂的混合物用于化妆品应用如防晒组合物中或用于稳定有机聚合物如塑料。
原则上合适的为下列UV辐射吸收性化合物:
取代的丙烯酸酯,例如α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸乙基或异辛基酯(主要为α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯)、α-甲氧基羰基-β-苯基丙烯酸甲酯、α-甲氧基羰基-β-(对甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸甲酯、α-氰基-β-甲基-β-(对甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸甲基或丁基酯、N-(β-甲氧基羰基-β-氰基乙烯基)-2-甲基二氢吲哚、对甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯、4-甲氧基肉桂酸异戊基酯、尿刊酸或其盐或酯;
对氨基苯甲酸衍生物,特别是其酯,例如4-氨基苯甲酸乙酯或乙氧基化4-氨基苯甲酸乙酯、水杨酸酯、取代的肉桂酸酯如对甲氧基肉桂酸乙基己基酯或4-甲氧基肉桂酸4-异戊基酯、2-苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸或其盐;
2-羟基二苯甲酮衍生物,例如4-羟基-、4-甲氧基-、4-辛氧基-、4-癸氧基-、4-十二烷氧基-、4-苄氧基-、4,2’,4’-三羟基-、2’-羟基-4,4’-二甲氧基-2-羟基二苯甲酮,和4-甲氧基-2-羟基二苯甲酮磺酸钠盐;
4,4-二苯基丁二烯-1,1-二甲酸酯,例如二(2-乙基己基)酯;
2-苯基苯并咪唑-4-磺酸和2-苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸或其盐;
苯并三唑或2-(2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑衍生物,例如2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-甲基-6-(2-甲基-3-((1,1,3,3-四甲基-1-(三甲基甲硅烷氧基)二硅氧烷基)丙基)酚、2-(2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3’,5’-二叔丁基-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(5’-叔丁基-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-[2’-羟基-5’-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-(3’,5’-二叔丁基-2’-羟基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3’-仲丁基-5’-叔丁基-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2’-羟基-4’-辛氧基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3’,5’-二叔戊基-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-[3’,5’-二(α,α-二甲基苄基)-2’-羟基苯基]苯并三唑、2-[3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基]-5-氯苯并三唑、2-[3’-叔丁基-5’-(2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基)-2’-羟基苯基]-5-氯苯并三唑、2-[3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基]-5-氯苯并三唑、2-[3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-[3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-[3’-叔丁基-5’-(2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基)-2’-羟基苯基]苯并三唑、2-(3’-十二烷基-2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-[3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-异辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基]苯并三唑、2,2’-亚甲基二[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-6-苯并三唑-2-基酚]、2-[3’-叔丁基-5’-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)-2’-羟基苯基]-2H-苯并三唑与聚乙二醇300的完全酯化产物、[R-CH2CH2-COO(CH2)3-]2(其中R为3’-叔丁基-4-羟基-5’-2H-苯并三唑-2-基苯基)、2-[2’-羟基-3’-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-5’-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-[2’-羟基-3’-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-5’-(α,α-二甲基苄基)苯基]苯并三唑;
亚苄基樟脑或其衍生物,如例如DE-A 38 36 630所述,例如3-亚苄基樟脑、3(4’-甲基亚苄基)d-1-樟脑;
α-(2-氧代亚冰片-3-基)甲苯-4-磺酸或其盐,N,N,N-三甲基-4-(2-氧代亚冰片-3-基甲基)苯胺单硫酸盐;
二苯甲酰基甲烷,例如4-叔丁基-4’-甲氧基二苯甲酰基甲烷;
2,4,6-三芳基三嗪化合物如2,4,6-三{N-[4-(2-乙基己-1-基)氧基羰基苯基]氨基}-1,3,5-三嗪、4,4’-((6-(((叔丁基)氨基羰基)苯基氨基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4-二基)亚氨基)二苯甲酸二(2′-乙基己基)酯;
2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,例如2,4,6-三(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-二(2-羟基-4-丙氧基苯基)-6-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-二(4-甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-十二烷氧基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-丁氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-辛氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-十三烷氧基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[4-(十二烷氧基/十三烷氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)-2-羟基苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-十二烷氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-己氧基苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三[2-羟基-4-(3-丁氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯基]-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基苯基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-{2-羟基-4-[3-(2-乙基己基-1-氧基)-2-羟基丙氧基]苯基}-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪;
空间受阻胺,例如N,N’-二甲酰基-N,N’-二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺(CAS No.124172-53-8)、癸二酸二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯(CASNo.52829-07-9)、癸二酸二(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)酯(CAS No.41556-26-7)、癸二酸甲基(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)酯(CAS No.82919-37-7),低聚位阻胺,其可以商品名5050H(CAS No.152261-33-1)和5062H(CAS No.65447-77-0)市购。
其它合适的UV辐射吸收性化合物可在出版物Cosmetic Legislation,第1卷,Cosmetic Products,European Commission 1999,第64-66页中找到,在此对其进行参考。
其它合适的UV辐射吸收性化合物也描述于EP 1 191 041 A2第6页第14-30行([0030])中。作为整体参考该段且该段构成本发明公开内容的一部分。
其它合适的UV辐射吸收性化合物描述于例如WO 2006/106140第39页第20行至第41页第10行中。作为整体参考该段且该段构成本发明公开内容的一部分。
关于这点,将局部制剂理解为指如下那些制剂,其适合以细分布,优选以可透过皮肤吸收的形式将活性成分应用于皮肤。为此合适的为例如水和水-醇溶液、喷雾剂、泡沫、泡沫气溶胶、软膏、含水凝胶、O/W或W/O型乳状液、微乳液或化妆品棒制剂。根据本发明化妆品制剂的一个优选实施方案,该制剂包含载体。优选的载体为水、气体、基于水的液体、油、凝胶、乳状液或微乳液、分散体或其混合物。所述载体显示出良好的皮肤相容性。含水凝胶、乳状液或微乳液对局部制剂特别有利。
可使用的乳化剂为非离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂或阴离子乳化剂。乳化剂可以基于组合物为0.1-10重量%,优选1-5重量%的量存在于本发明组合物中。
除了两组前述主要的光保护物质以外,还可使用抗氧化剂类型的次级光保护剂,其中断当UV辐射透过皮肤时引发的光化学反应链。其典型实例为超氧化物歧化酶、生育酚(维生素E)和抗坏血酸(维生素C)。根据一个特别优选的实施方案,本发明化妆品制剂还包含护理物质、其它化妆品活性成分和/或助剂和添加剂。
所用其它化妆品活性成分特别为皮肤润湿剂、抗菌物质和/或除臭或防汗物质。其优点是可实现有助于护理或治疗皮肤的其它所需效果,例如当使用该组合物时,提高化妆品组合物使用者的良好状态。
因此在化妆品组合物中,除了载体外,还可存在混合材料、水和生理学上合适的溶剂,尤其是护理组分,例如油、蜡、脂肪、再长肥(refatting)物质、增稠剂、乳化剂和香料。高比例的护理物质特别有利于局部预防或化妆品治疗皮肤。特别有利地,除了在许多情况下同样具有护理效果的动物和植物脂肪和油外,组合物还包含其它护理组分。可使用的护理活性成分的组包括例如具有8-22个碳原子的脂肪醇,特别是天然脂肪酸的脂肪醇;动物和植物蛋白水解产物,特别是弹性蛋白、胶原、角蛋白、牛奶蛋白、大豆蛋白、丝蛋白、燕麦蛋白、豌豆蛋白、杏仁蛋白和小麦蛋白水解产物;维生素、维生素原和维生素前体,特别是维生素族A和B的那些;单-、二-和寡糖;植物萃取物;蜂蜜萃取物;神经酰胺;磷脂;凡士林、石蜡和硅油;脂肪酸和脂肪醇酯,特别是脂肪酸与具有3-24个碳原子的醇的单酯。
可预期作为添加剂的常规化妆品助剂为例如共乳化剂、脂肪和蜡、稳定剂、增稠剂、生物源活性成分、成膜剂、香料、染料、珠光剂、防腐剂、颜料、电解质(例如硫酸镁)和pH调节剂。合适的共乳化剂优选为已知的W/O以及O/W乳化剂如聚甘油酯、脱水山梨糖醇酯或部分酯化的甘油酯。脂肪的典型实例为甘油酯;提及的蜡尤其为任选与亲水蜡组合的蜂蜡、石蜡或微晶蜡。可使用的稳定剂为脂肪酸的金属盐,例如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸铝和/或硬脂酸锌。合适的增稠剂为例如交联的聚丙烯酸及其衍生物,多糖,特别是黄原酸胶、瓜耳胶、琼脂、藻酸盐和纤基乙酸钠、羧甲基纤维素和羟乙基纤维素、以及脂肪醇、单甘油酯和脂肪酸、聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。将生物源活性成分理解为指例如植物萃取物、蛋白水解产物和维生素配合物。常规成膜剂为例如水胶体如脱乙酰壳多糖、微晶态脱乙酰壳多糖或季铵化脱乙酰壳多糖、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、乙烯基吡咯烷酮-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、丙烯酸系聚合物、季化纤维素衍生物和类似化合物。合适的防腐剂为例如甲醛溶液、对羟基苯甲酸酯或山梨酸。合适的珠光剂为例如二硬脂酸二醇酯如二硬脂酸乙二醇酯,以及脂肪酸和脂肪酸单二醇酯。可使用的染料为准许且适用于化妆品目的的物质,其例如列在出版物Dyes Commission of the German Research Society的由VerlagChemie出版的“Cosmetic Colorants”,Weinheim,1984中。这些染料通常以基于总混合物为0.001-0.1重量%的浓度使用。
通常优选额外含量的抗氧化剂。因此常用且适用于化妆品和/或皮肤病应用的所有抗氧化剂可用作有利的抗氧化剂。
抗氧化剂有利地选自氨基酸(例如甘氨酸、组氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸)及其衍生物,咪唑(例如尿刊宁酸)及其衍生物,肽如D,L-肌肽、D-肌肽、L-肌肽及其衍生物(例如鹅肌肽),类胡萝卜素,胡萝卜素(例如β-胡罗卜素、番茄红素)及其衍生物,绿原酸及其衍生物,硫辛酸及其衍生物(例如二氢硫辛酸),金硫葡糖,丙硫氧嘧啶及其硫醇(例如硫氧还蛋白,谷胱甘肽,半胱氨酸,胱氨酸,胱胺及其糖基、N-乙酰基、甲基、乙基、丙基、戊基、丁基和月桂基、棕榈酰、油基、亚油基(linoleyl)、胆甾烯基和甘油基酯)及其盐,硫代二丙酸二月桂基酯,硫代二丙酸二硬脂基酯、硫代二丙酸及其衍生物(酯、醚、肽、类脂、核苷酸、核苷和盐),以及非常低的耐受量(例如pmol至μmol/kg)的亚砜亚胺(sulfoximine)化合物(例如丁硫氨酸亚砜亚胺,同型半胱氨酸亚砜亚胺,丁硫氨酸砜,戊-、己-、庚硫氨酸亚砜亚胺),以及(金属)螯合剂(例如羟基脂肪酸、棕榈酸、肌醇六磷酸、乳铁蛋白),羟酸(例如柠檬酸、乳酸、苹果酸),腐殖酸,胆汁酸,胆汁提取物,胆红素,胆绿素,EDTA及其衍生物,不饱和脂肪酸及其衍生物(例如亚麻酸、亚油酸、油酸),叶酸及其衍生物,泛醌和泛醌醇及其衍生物,维生素C及其衍生物(例如棕榈酸抗坏血酸酯、磷酸抗坏血酸酯镁、乙酸抗坏血酸酯),生育酚和衍生物(例如维生素E乙酸酯、生育三烯酚),维生素A和衍生物(维生素A棕榈酸酯),和安息香树脂的苯甲酸松柏醇酯,芸香亭酸及其衍生物,葡糖基芦丁,阿魏酸,亚糠基葡萄糖醇,肌肽,丁基羟基甲苯,丁基羟基苯甲醚,去甲二氢愈创木脂酸(nordihydroguaiacic acid),去甲二氢愈创木酸,三羟基丁酰苯,尿酸及其衍生物,甘露醇及其衍生物,锌及其衍生物(例如ZnO、ZnSO4),硒及其衍生物(例如硒代蛋氨酸),茋及其衍生物(例如氧化茋、反式-氧化茋)。
还有利地是天然植物抗氧化剂配合物如茶、葡萄或藻类提取物,以及天然或等同于天然的各物质,例如白藜芦醇。
除了保护化妆品和/或皮肤病产品免受氧化,抗氧化剂还可实现人皮肤的抗氧化以及抗衰老效果。
就本发明而言,因此非常特别优选透过人皮肤的抗氧化剂,其中它们有效地发挥其效果,因此在一定意义上与光保护性过滤物质协同保护皮肤免受UV光伤害、晒伤以及反应性氧物质和自由基。非常特别优选维生素C和维生素E及其衍生物.
在制剂中前述抗氧剂(一种或多种化合物)的量基于制剂总重量优选为0.001-30重量%,特别优选0.05-20重量%,特别是1-10重量%。
如果将维生素E和/或其衍生物用作抗氧化剂,则有利地选择它们的特定浓度基于配制剂的总重量为0.001-10重量%。
如果维生素A和/或其衍生物或者类胡萝卜素是抗氧化剂,则有利地选择它们的特定浓度基于配制剂的总重量为0.001-10重量%。
在化妆品中的常规油组分为例如石蜡油、硬脂酸甘油酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙基酯、己二酸二异丙基酯、2-乙基己酸鲸蜡基硬脂基酯、氢化聚异丁烯、凡士林、辛酸/癸酸三甘油酯、微晶态蜡、羊毛脂和硬脂酸。然而,该列举为示例性和非穷举的。
此外,可将具有不同活性官能团的天然和/或等同于天然和/或合成活性物质加入本发明制剂中,例如用于紧致皮肤或促进循环的咖啡因,用于自晒黑的二羟基丙酮和/或赤藓酮糖,用于镇静皮肤的红没药醇和/或泛醇和/或用于增加水分(润湿),用于光滑皮肤的物质,特别是用于防止皮肤衰老的活性物质,例如维生素A和/或其衍生物、植物提取物或蛋白状物质。
对本发明而言,化妆品和/或皮肤病制剂的其它组分可发挥额外功能如在装饰性化妆品中着色皮肤以及产品本身的功能。其它助剂和添加剂用于改善美学、应用和/或化妆品性能。该类助剂和添加剂为例如共乳化剂、有机溶剂、富脂剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、蜡或脂肪、稠度调节剂、增稠剂、晒黑剂、维生素、阳离子型聚合物、生物源活性成分、防腐剂、水溶助长剂、增溶剂、染料和香料。关于这类其它助剂和添加剂,在这点上可参考EP 1455737B,第[0075]至[0077]段的公开内容,在此整体对其进行参考。
实施例
乳化剂A:根据如WO 2007/051743的方法由13重量%聚乙二醇PEG6000、57重量%N-乙烯基己内酰胺和30重量%乙酸乙烯酯获得并具有35的K值(以1重量%浓度在乙醇中测量)的本发明乳化剂。
制备氢化可的松乳状液
混合物1:
乳化剂10g
液体石蜡12.0g
对羟基苯甲酸酯0.2g
混合物2:
丙二醇8.0g
氢化可的松1.0g
将混合物1和86.68g水单独加热至80℃,然后将水在借助桨式搅拌器以40rpm的剧烈搅拌下掺入混合物1中。将混合物2加热直到所有活性成分均已溶解,加入与水混合的混合物1中,然后将所得混合物在连续搅拌下冷却至20℃。这得到白色低粘度乳状液。
实施例2
制备薄荷油乳状液
薄荷油3.5g
乳化剂A 13.8g
乙醇96%52.0g
水30.7g
将乳化剂在20℃下借助桨式搅拌器以1000rpm溶于水中,然后与薄荷油混合,然后与乙醇混合。这产生澄清的低粘度乳状液。
实施例3
制备水包油乳状液
乳化剂20.0g
水60.0g
根据本发明:
将乳化剂A在室温下使用桨式搅拌器以1000rpm溶于水中。然后将Mygliol搅拌加入,然后将混合物使用Ultra-Turrax以20000rpm均化5分钟。
根据本发明,这得到低至中等粘度白色乳状液,其甚至在6周后仍稳定。
为了比较,使用下列乳化剂类似地制备乳状液:
此外,在类似组合物的情况下制备下列乳状液以比较:将鲸蜡基硬脂醇在60℃下熔化并与Mygliol混合。然后将水在60℃下加入并用Ultra-Turrax以20000rpm均化5分钟。没得到稳定乳状液;在均化过程中导致相分离。
将80(聚氧乙烯(20)单油酸脱水山梨糖醇酯)与水混合并加热至40℃。然后将Mygliol加入并用Ultra-Turrax以20000rpm均化5分钟。形成白色低粘度乳状液,对其而言,在20℃下一天后观察到相分离,这可通过再分散反转。
实施例4
制备茴香油乳状液
八角茴香油1.0g
乳化剂A 1.7g
对羟基苯甲酸酯0.2g
乙醇96%34.0g
水63.1g
将乳化剂和对羟基苯甲酸酯在65℃下在搅拌(桨式搅拌器,800rpm)下溶于水中。然后加入八角茴香油,将混合物再搅拌1分钟。然后在搅拌下掺入乙醇。
实施例5
制备具有不同稳定剂含量的O/W乳状液
配方
油相:20g椰油(Mygliol 812)
乳化剂A:
实施例5a)2.5g
实施例5b)5.0g
实施例5c)10.0g
实施例5d)15g
实施例5e)20g
实施例5f)25g
在每种情况下加入100g水
将乳化剂使用桨式搅拌器以1000rpm溶于相应量的水中。然后搅拌加入椰油并使用Ultra-Turrax以24000rpm均化10分钟。制备后立即、在20℃下3天和储存14天后测定油滴尺寸。
油滴的粒度使用Malvern Mastersizer 2000测定。
下表给出了以μm计的制备后直接以及在20℃下储存3和14天后测定的平均粒度d(0.5)。在每种情况下左侧的栏给出了以%计的基于乳状液总重量的乳化剂比例。
本发明乳状液甚至储存时它们的油滴尺寸为单峰且非常稳定。对比乳状液在制备后均具有双峰分布。油滴的尺寸和分布在不同储存时间变化显著。
配制剂5d)的粒度分布图示在附图中。
Claims (15)
1.通过在聚醚存在下聚合乙酸乙烯酯和N-乙烯基内酰胺而得到的水溶性或水分散性共聚物作为乳状液的稳定剂的用途。
2.根据权利要求1的用途,其中所述共聚物通过自由基引发聚合如下组分的混合物而得到:
i)30-80重量%N-乙烯基内酰胺,
ii)10-50重量%乙酸乙烯酯,和
iii)10-50重量%聚醚,
条件是i)、ii)和iii)之和等于100重量%。
3.根据权利要求1或2的用途,其中所述共聚物由如下组分得到:
i)30-70重量%N-乙烯基内酰胺,
ii)15-35重量%乙酸乙烯酯,和
iii)10-35重量%聚醚。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的用途,其中所述共聚物由如下组分得到:
i)40-60重量%N-乙烯基内酰胺,
ii)15-35重量%乙酸乙烯酯,和
iii)10-30重量%聚醚。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的用途,其中将N-乙烯基己内酰胺或N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮或其混合物用作N-乙烯基内酰胺。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项的用途,其中将N-乙烯基己内酰胺用作N-乙烯基内酰胺。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项的用途,其中将分子量为1000-100 000道尔顿的聚亚烷基二醇用作聚醚。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的用途,其中在1重量%浓度的乙醇溶液中测得聚合物的K值为10-60。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项的用途,其中在1重量%浓度的乙醇溶液中测得聚合物的K值为15-40。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项的用途,其中所述乳状液为水包油型。
11.根据权利要求1-10中任一项的用途,其中所述乳状液的平均液滴尺寸d(0.5)为0.1-50μm。
12.根据权利要求1-11中任一项的用途,其中所述乳状液的平均液滴尺寸d(0.5)为0.5-25μm。
13.根据权利要求1-12中任一项的用途,其中油相包含油溶性活性成分。
14.一种乳状液,所述乳状液包含通过在聚醚存在下聚合乙酸乙烯酯和N-乙烯基内酰胺而得到的水溶性或水分散性共聚物作为稳定剂。
15.一种根据权利要求1-13中任一项的用途得到的药物或化妆品制剂。
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WO (1) | WO2010072573A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108623744A (zh) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-10-09 | 辽宁奥克医药辅料股份有限公司 | 共聚物、增溶剂及制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BRPI1012651A2 (pt) | 2009-03-31 | 2016-04-05 | Basf Se | processo para produzir preparações de substâncias fracamente solúveis em água |
WO2010130728A2 (de) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-11-18 | Basf Se | Feste pharmazeutischen zubereitungen enthaltend copolymere auf basis von polyethern in kombination mit wasserschwerlöslichen polymeren |
BR112012006067B1 (pt) | 2009-09-17 | 2019-10-01 | Basf Se | Preparações de ingredientes ativos fracamente solúveis em água, processo para a produção de preparações,e, formas de dosagem |
CN113969197B (zh) * | 2020-07-22 | 2023-04-14 | 博特新材料泰州有限公司 | 一种基于腐殖酸的多元共聚物分散剂及其制备方法和其在水煤浆中的应用 |
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US3677990A (en) * | 1970-08-12 | 1972-07-18 | Gaf Corp | Stable aqueous emulsions containing a terpolymer of vinyl alcohol,a vinyl ester and an n-vinyllactam |
EP0223145A1 (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1987-05-27 | National Starch and Chemical Corporation | Hydrophobically modified starch stabilized vinyl ester polymer emulsions |
US4886660A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1989-12-12 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Shine hair conditioner |
DE102005053066A1 (de) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-10 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Copolymeren als Solubilisatoren für in Wasser schwerlöslichen Verbindungen |
-
2009
- 2009-12-10 JP JP2011541341A patent/JP2012513484A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-12-10 WO PCT/EP2009/066784 patent/WO2010072573A1/de active Application Filing
- 2009-12-10 CN CN2009801520655A patent/CN102264462A/zh active Pending
- 2009-12-10 US US13/141,481 patent/US20110256193A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-12-10 EP EP09775164A patent/EP2382035A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108623744A (zh) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-10-09 | 辽宁奥克医药辅料股份有限公司 | 共聚物、增溶剂及制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010072573A1 (de) | 2010-07-01 |
JP2012513484A (ja) | 2012-06-14 |
EP2382035A1 (de) | 2011-11-02 |
US20110256193A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
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