CN102258052A

CN102258052A - Method for preventing and controlling diseases of mulberry fruits

Info

Publication number: CN102258052A
Application number: CN2011101048150A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余茂德; 吕蕊花; 赵爱春; 金筱耘; 鲁成; 王茜龄; 黎其友; 李军
Original assignee: Southwest University
Current assignee: Southwest University
Priority date: 2011-04-26
Filing date: 2011-04-26
Publication date: 2011-11-30

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling diseases of mulberry fruits. In the method, the ground of a mulberry field is sprayed by using 500 to 750 times of liquid of glyphosate wettable powder for 2 to 3 times in the germination period of apothecia which suffer from three diseases of mulberry fruits. By the method, ascospores in the apothecia can be killed to fulfill the aim of preventing and controlling the three diseases of mulberry fruits, and weeds also can be removed, wherein the killing effect is the same as that of common thiophanate methyl serving as pesticides for preventing and controlling the diseases of mulberry fruits; and compared with the conventional prevention and control method, the method of the invention has the advantage that the pesticides are not sprayed to the mulberry fruits directly, so the mulberry fruits are prevented from being polluted by the pesticides.

Description

A kind of method of preventing and treating the mulberry fruit stalk break

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, particularly relate to a kind of method of preventing and treating the mulberry fruit stalk break.

Background technology

Mulberry fruit stalk break (The disease of mulberry fruit) morbidity wide range, in Jiangsu, all there is generation in silkworm district such as Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Shaanxi and Taiwan, it is a kind of destructive disease during the fruit mulberry produces, the total crop failure of fruit mulberry takes place can cause when serious in this disease, has a strong impact on output and the quality of mulberry fruit.

The mulberry fruit stalk break is commonly called as the gingko disease, can be divided into three types: three kinds of mulberry fruit hypertrophy stalk break, mulberry fruit constrictive sclerotinios and mulberry fruit granule stalk breaks.The general at present harm of adopting two kinds of methods to reduce the mulberry fruit stalk break: first method is to bloom in 3-4 month mulberry tree to tie the sick mulberry of mulberry phase manual removal, in order to avoid sick mulberry infects healthy mulberry fruit; Second method is to take out when living when there is fruit body on ground; with 1500-2000 times of liquid of 50% procymidone (Sukeling) wetting powder; or 1000-1500 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, or 50% carbendazol wettable powder 500-800 times liquid, spray mulberry, blue or green mulberry.First method is labor intensive both, can not fundamentally solve the harm of this disease.Though second method for the first time control efficiency is better, causes that easily stalk break develops immunity to drugs, though and employed agricultural chemicals be hypotoxicity, consider that from the angle of environment and health this method also is not suitable for prolonged application.Therefore, innovation is a kind of pollution-free, and the method for preventing and treating of simple and easy to do fruit mulberry stalk break, is one of important key technology of fruit mulberry plantation at present.

Summary of the invention

Mulberry fruit stalk break pathogen is infected the mulberry tree female flower specifically; pathogen survives the winter at upper soll layer with the form of sclerotium; when late Febuary next year to early April, mulberry was open; sclerotium in the soil is taken out and is born fruit body; and then grow up to apothecium; the dish epihymenium bears ascus and ascospore, and ascospore borrows wind-force to propagate, and invades mulberry tree female flower floral organ and causes primary infection.After pathogen was invaded the female flower floral organ, mycelia bred in a large number, formed conidiophore and conidium earlier, formed sclerotium by mycelia at last, and sclerotium lands with sick mulberry, and sick mulberry is rotten and sclerotium stays the source of infection that becomes next year in the ground.Therefore, prevent that the ascospore diffusion from being this pathogenetic key of control.

Problem and mulberry fruit stalk break occurrence regularity in view of above prior art existence, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of preventing and treating the mulberry fruit stalk break, the technical scheme of this method is: in late Febuary-mid-April, the apothecium germination period of three kinds of stalk breaks of mulberry fruit, use 500-750 times of liquid of glyphosate wetting powder to spray ground, mulberry field 2-3 time, three kinds of stalk breaks of mulberry fruit are meant mulberry fruit hypertrophy stalk break, mulberry fruit constrictive sclerotinios and mulberry fruit granule stalk break.

Advantage of the present invention is, this method not only can be killed the ascospore in the apothecium, play the purpose of three kinds of stalk breaks of control mulberry fruit, its killing effect is identical with the effect that mulberry fruit stalk break commonly used is prevented and treated the medicament thiophanate methyl, but management of weeds also simultaneously, and this prevents and treats method can directly not spray medicine in mulberry fruit, prevents and treats method (directly spraying mulberry fruit with bactericide) with tradition and compares, and has avoided mulberry fruit to be subjected to pesticide pollution.

Embodiment:

Embodiment1:

Beginning on February 13rd, 2011, in test fruit mulberry field, observe the sprouting situation of ground mulberry fruit hypertrophy stalk break and granule stalk break fruit body, March 26 began to observe the sprouting situation of ground mulberry fruit constrictive sclerotinios fruit body, February, the fruit body of mulberry fruit hypertrophy on the 16th stalk break began to sprout, February, mulberry fruit granule on the 20th stalk break fruit body began to sprout, and April, mulberry fruit constrictive sclerotinios on the 1st fruit body began to sprout; On February 24th, 2011 and April 6, spray ground, mulberry field with 500 times of 95% glyphosate wetting powders and 600 times of liquid respectively, be contrast with 70% thiophanate methyl and clear water.Use the fruit body that can find out mulberry fruit hypertrophy stalk break and granule stalk break after one day significantly and apothecium and wilt witheredly gradually, apothecium scrolls up; Aforesaid two kinds of medicaments are especially more obvious to the effect of mulberry fruit constrictive sclerotinios mushroom entity, and dispenser is the withered blackout of its fruit body stem dehydration after 1 day, and apothecium is sagging, and the clear water control group does not have variation significantly; After the dispenser the 2nd day, get the apothecium of three kinds of stalk breaks and examine under a microscope thecasporous quantity, observed result is that the interior ascospore quantity of apothecium of spraying glyphosate soup and thiophanate methyl soup obviously reduces, and the ascospore quantity of clear water control group is a lot; After the dispenser the 3rd day, the apothecium blackout of two spray medicine groups is rotted, and clear water control group apothecium still continues to grow up, and gets its apothecium and observes, and has not had ascospore in the apothecium of two spray medicine groups, and the ascospore of clear water control group is still a lot; After the dispenser the 4th day, the apothecium of two spray medicine groups is rotten fully, and the still continued growth of the apothecium of clear water control group.

Embodiment 2:

Respectively on March 1st, 2011 and March 27 before the mulberry tree female flower is open, opening the 95% glyphosate wetting powder sprinkling mulberry field ground of Sheng phase with 750 times of liquid with female flower, in the 95% glyphosate wetting powder sprinkling mulberry field ground of April 15, be contrast all with 70% thiophanate methyl and clear water with 750 times of liquid.The 70% thiophanate methyl soup of using 95% glyphosate wetting powder soup of 750 times of liquid and 750 times of liquid can find out significantly after one day that the fruit body of mulberry fruit hypertrophy stalk break and granule stalk break and apothecium wilt witheredly gradually, and apothecium scrolls up; Aforesaid two kinds of medicaments are especially more obvious to the effect of mulberry fruit constrictive sclerotinios mushroom entity, and dispenser is the withered blackout of its fruit body stem dehydration after 1 day, and apothecium is sagging, and the clear water control group does not have variation significantly; After the dispenser the 2nd day, get the apothecium of three kinds of stalk breaks and examine under a microscope thecasporous quantity, observed result is that the interior ascospore quantity of apothecium of spraying glyphosate soup and thiophanate methyl soup obviously reduces, and the ascospore quantity of clear water control group is a lot; After the dispenser the 3rd day, the apothecium blackout of two spray medicine groups is rotted, and clear water control group apothecium still continues to grow up, and gets its apothecium and observes, and has not had ascospore in the apothecium of two spray medicine groups, and the ascospore of clear water control group is still a lot; After the dispenser the 4th day, the apothecium of two spray medicine groups is rotten fully, and the still continued growth of the apothecium of clear water control group.

Claims

1. a method of preventing and treating the mulberry fruit stalk break is characterized in that, the technical scheme of this method is: in late Febuary-mid-April, the apothecium germination period of three kinds of stalk breaks of mulberry fruit uses 500-750 times of liquid of glyphosate wetting powder to spray ground, mulberry field 2-3 time;

Three kinds of stalk breaks of mulberry fruit are meant mulberry fruit hypertrophy stalk break, mulberry fruit constrictive sclerotinios and mulberry fruit granule stalk break.