CN102227040A - Array antenna used for reducing radar scattering cross section - Google Patents

Array antenna used for reducing radar scattering cross section Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102227040A
CN102227040A CN2011100527069A CN201110052706A CN102227040A CN 102227040 A CN102227040 A CN 102227040A CN 2011100527069 A CN2011100527069 A CN 2011100527069A CN 201110052706 A CN201110052706 A CN 201110052706A CN 102227040 A CN102227040 A CN 102227040A
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antenna
array antenna
little band
band radiating
radiating element
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CN2011100527069A
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张鹏飞
王夫蔚
路宝
龚琦
徐云学
龚书喜
刘�英
姜文
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Xidian University
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Xidian University
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Abstract

The invention discloses an array antenna used for reducing radar scattering cross section, and mainly solves a problem of large scattering cross section of a present microstrip array antenna radar. The array antenna in the invention comprises a medium plate, a ground plate and n microstrip radiation units (2). The n microstrip radiation units (2) are on the upper surface of the medium plate (1). The ground plate (3) is on the lower surface of the medium plate (1). Structural type absorbing material arrays (4) are provided between each two adjacent microstrip radiation units, and N*M square metal pasters (5) are arranged as rectangular. The metal pasters (5) form inductances L. Connection resistors (7) connect adjacent metal pasters to form resistors R. Gap (6) between adjacent metal pasters (5) form capacitors C. The capacitors C, the inductances L and the resistors R form RLC resonance circuits. By adjusting resonance circuits frequency to superpose the resonance circuits frequency with antenna work frequency, absorption of vertical incident surface wave is realized. The array antenna used for reducing radar scattering cross section in the invention has the advantages of stable performance of reducing in-band and outband radar scattering cross sections of antenna and no influence on antenna volume, weight and cost.

Description

Be used to reduce the array antenna of RCS
Technical field
The invention belongs to antenna technical field, particularly a kind of array antenna that utilizes the structure-type wave-absorption material to reduce RCS is used to realize that antenna is stealthy.
Background technology
In various aircraft, antenna is as requisite part, and its RCS RCS is outstanding all the more to the bigger problem of the RCS contribution of aircraft integral body.Because the restriction of antenna system work characteristics, it must guarantee self electromagnetic normal reception and emission, and therefore conventional stealthy measure can not obtain to use in antenna is stealthy simply.How to reduce the RCS of antenna, make antenna system exempt from the other side's detection and attack and work effectively, not only be related to the existence of antenna itself, and have influence on the stealthy performance of electromagnetism of its carrier, and then have influence on the existence of antenna carrier.The scattering of antenna generally includes two parts: the structure item scattered field that a part is and scattering antenna load situation is irrelevant, and it is the scattered field of antenna when connecing matched load, its scattering mechanism is identical with the scattering mechanism of common scattering object; Another part then is the antenna mode item scattered field that changes with the antenna load situation, and it is owing to load and antenna do not match the power that reflects through the antenna scattered field that produces of radiation again, and this is that antenna is as a loading scattering object and distinctive scattering.Will realize stealthy characteristic to like-polarized threat radar wave in the antenna working band, be an extremely difficult task.Though this moment, schema entry scattering meeting reduced because of the matched well in the band, structure item scattering meeting increases because of the resonance of antenna.Because the structure item scattering of antenna is relevant with antenna structure form and material, therefore can and add the scattering that measure such as coat reduces antenna by the change profile, keep its radiance unaffected simultaneously as far as possible.
Requiring an antenna system radiation and receive our radar wave, and do not reflect and scattering the other side detection radar ripple, is a contradiction that is difficult to solution.Domestic and international research often according to actual requirement, in certain time domain, spatial domain and frequency domain scope, relaxes this contradiction as far as possible at present.Therefore, the stealthy approach of antenna system mainly is divided into following three big aspects:
(1) time domain is stealthy.When radar is not worked, manage antenna is stashed, and before the radar start, antenna is returned to normal operating conditions, thereby the antenna system that realizes time sharing system is stealthy, still, has just lost stealthy ability fully when radar is started shooting.
(2) spatial domain is stealthy.Utilize oblique fire formula antenna travelling wave array, antenna tilt is placed, thereby make the peak value of its tactic pattern item scattering shift out horizontal direction, and its greatest irradiation direction can be controlled mutually by the width of cloth and still remains on horizontal direction, and reduce the antenna mode item scattering of array by good coupling, realize comparatively effectively stealth effect of horizontal direction.But it in the horizontal direction can not be stealthy with exterior domain, and can cause gain loss.
(3) frequency domain is stealthy.By changing antenna shapes, adopt radar absorbing, passive cancellation techniques and active cancellation techniques to realize that RCS reduces, wherein the most frequently used and the most preceding two kinds.Because the theoretical foundation of the low stealthy configuration design of RCS is the approximation in geometric optics of high frequency scattering, thereby at high band it is very effective, but in low-frequency range, when antenna size and radar operation wavelength almost even more hour, it is very little to the influence of RCS to change profile, even can strengthen RCS, and can worsen the radiance of antenna to a certain extent.For being with the stealthy of outer radar, present research is a lot, for example utilize a kind of structure that is called frequency-selective surfaces FSS to make radome, microwave energy radiation in the frequency band is seen through, and will be with the outer oblique reflection of power, thereby reach the purpose that the outer RCS of day tape reduces, but these class methods usually need the conformal antenna cover according to the configuration design complexity of reality, and give between antenna and the radome and reserve certain distance, thereby make antenna volume, weight and cost increase, and reduce performance and can be subjected to the influence of alignment error and instability, to powerless, make and in the antenna working band, to realize stealthy extremely difficult the threat radar wave of equipolarization with the like-polarized threat radar wave of frequency band.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of array antenna that is used to reduce RCS is provided, to reduce the array radar scattering section, under the situation of the constancy of volume that guarantees array antenna, realize in the band of vertical incidence and the outer same polarization radar wave of band stealthy.
Realize that purpose technical thought of the present invention is: the wave-absorbing effect of structure-type wave-absorption material is applied to the electromagnetic scattering field, realizes that the antenna radar scattering section reduces.Its integral array antenna comprises: dielectric-slab, n little band radiating element, 128 〉=n 〉=4, ground plate, little band radiating element is positioned at the upper surface of dielectric-slab, ground plate is positioned at the lower surface of dielectric-slab, it is characterized in that: be provided with the structure-type wave-absorption material between adjacent two little band radiating elements, this structure-type wave-absorption material array is arranged in rectangle by N * M square metal paster, N 〉=3, M 〉=3; Metal patch forms inductance L, connect resistance between the adjacent metal paster, to form resistance R, be provided with the slit between the adjacent metal paster, to form capacitor C, this capacitor C, inductance L and resistance R are formed the RLC resonant circuit, by adjusting the frequency of this resonant circuit, it is overlapped with the operating frequency of antenna, realize absorption the vertical incidence surface wave.
Described metal patch adopts the identical square of shape, and its width W is 0.05-0.5 λ, and λ is the wavelength of the central task frequency correspondence of antenna, perhaps adopts circle or cruciform shape or dendriform; The width G in slit is 0.01-0.06 λ between the metal patch.
Described structure-type wave-absorption material is of a size of 1.5-4 times of little band radiating element.
The resistance of described resistance is 1-500 ohm.
Be welded with the ring flange of SMA head on the described ground plate, have the via hole that runs through dielectric-slab on little band radiating element, the inner core of SMA head is welded on little band radiating element by via hole, and array antenna is carried out feed.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) the present invention since little band radiating element and structure-type wave-absorption material in same surface, and the structure-type wave-absorption material is formed by micro metal paster compact arrangement, thereby simple in structure, be easy to processing and fabricating, little to volume, weight and the cost impact of array antenna;
(2) the present invention is owing to carry out integrated design with array antenna and structure-type wave-absorption material, avoided alignment error occurring when separately designing and influences it and reduce performance, reduces stable performance;
(3) the present invention since the suction wave frequency of structure-type wave-absorption material overlap with the operating frequency of array antenna, so can realize array antenna stealthy to same polarization radar wave in the band of vertical incidence.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing microband paste array antenna structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the RCS comparison curve chart of the present invention and existing microband paste array antenna;
Fig. 4 is the reflection coefficient comparison curve chart of the present invention and existing microband paste array antenna;
Fig. 5 is the E face directional diagram comparison curve chart of the present invention and existing microband paste array antenna;
Fig. 6 is the H face directional diagram comparison curve chart of the present invention and existing microband paste array antenna.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, work on hand comprises two surfaces up and down in the microband paste array antenna of 5.7GHz, and wherein Fig. 1 (a) is surface structure figure, and Fig. 1 (b) is lower surface configuration figure.This array antenna is made up of dielectric-slab 1, four little band radiating elements 2 and ground plate 3, dielectric-slab 1 adopts double face copper, little band radiating element 2 is positioned at the upper surface of dielectric-slab, ground plate 3 is positioned at the lower surface of dielectric-slab, the ring flange of welding SMA head on the ground plate 3, have the via hole 8 that runs through dielectric-slab 1 on each little band radiating element 2, the inner core of SMA head is welded on little band radiating element by this via hole, and array antenna is carried out feed.
The present invention improves array antenna shown in Figure 1, is about to the structure-type wave-absorption material and is used to reduce its RCS, and wherein Fig. 2 (a) is a surface structure of the present invention, and Fig. 2 (b) is lower surface configuration figure of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 2, the present invention is by dielectric-slab 1, n little band radiating element 2,128 〉=n 〉=4, and ground plate 3, structure-type wave-absorption material array 4 is formed.Dielectric-slab 1 adopts double face copper, little band radiating element 2 is positioned at the upper surface of dielectric-slab, ground plate 3 is positioned at the lower surface of dielectric-slab, and structure-type wave-absorption material array 4 is distributed between adjacent two little band radiating elements 2, and structure-type wave-absorption material 4 is of a size of 1.5-4 times of little band radiating element 2.Little band radiating element 2 is arranged along the cross central line of dielectric-slab 1, and structure-type wave-absorption material array 4 is evenly distributed along the cross central line of dielectric-slab 1, lays respectively between adjacent two little band radiating elements.Each structure-type wave-absorption material array is arranged in rectangle by 5 * 3 square metal pasters 5, but be not limited to 5 * 3 square metal pasters, metal patch also can adopt circle or cruciform shape or dendriform, metal patch 5 forms inductance L, be provided with slit 6 between the adjacent metal paster 5, this slit 6 forms capacitor C, is connected with resistance 7 between the adjacent metal paster, and the resistance of resistance is 1-500 ohm.This capacitor C, inductance L and resistance R are formed the RLC resonant circuit, by adjusting the frequency of this resonant circuit, it are overlapped with the operating frequency of antenna, realize the absorption to the vertical incidence surface wave, thereby it is stealthy to have reached the electromagnetism of antenna in band.
The present invention provides following embodiment according to said structure:
Embodiment 1
The length L 1 of dielectric-slab 1 is 3 λ, and width W 1 is λ, and relative dielectric constant is 4.4, and thickness is 0.06 λ.The length L 2 of little band radiating element 2 is 0.3 λ, and width W 2 is 0.2 λ, and the diameter D of via hole 8 is 1.3mm, and the center distance S of adjacent two little band radiating elements is 0.8 λ.The length of square metal paster 5 and wide W are 0.14 λ, and the width G in 5 slits 6 of adjacent metal paster is 0.02 λ.The adjacent edge of structure-type wave-absorption material array 4 and little band radiating element 2 be 0.075 λ apart from S1, resistance 7 resistances are 150 ohm.The number n of little band radiating element 2=4, upper surface are radiating surface, and lower surface is a ground plane, and upper and lower surface is linked to each other by the SMA head.By changing the width G adjustable condenser C in 5 slits 6 of metal patch, the width W that changes metal patch 5 can change inductance L, the resistance that connects different resistances can change resistance R, regulate the resonant circuit frequency by changing RLC, make its operating frequency consistent, realize tuning to the absorption frequency of incidence surface ripple with antenna.
Embodiment 2
The length L 1 of dielectric-slab 1 is 6 λ, and width W 1 is λ, and relative dielectric constant is 4.4, and thickness is 0.03 λ.The length L 2 of little band radiating element 2 is 0.3 λ, and width W 2 is 0.2 λ, and the diameter D of via hole 8 is 1.3mm, and the center distance S of adjacent two little band radiating elements is λ.Present embodiment is the right-angled intersection metal patch, and its length and wide W are 0.05 λ, and the width G in 5 slits 6 of adjacent metal paster is 0.06 λ.The adjacent edge of structure-type wave-absorption material array 4 and little band radiating element 2 be 0.32 λ apart from S1, resistance 7 resistances are 500 ohm.The number n of little band radiating element 2=8, upper surface are radiating surface, and lower surface is a ground plane, and upper and lower surface is linked to each other by the SMA head.By changing the width G adjustable condenser C in 5 slits 6 of metal patch, the width W that changes metal patch 5 can change inductance L, the resistance that connects different resistances can change resistance R, regulate the resonant circuit frequency by changing RLC, make its operating frequency consistent, realize tuning to the absorption frequency of incidence surface ripple with antenna.
Embodiment 3
The length L 1 of dielectric-slab 1 is 25 λ, and width W 1 is λ, and relative dielectric constant is 4.4, and thickness is 0.02 λ.The length L 2 of little band radiating element 2 is 0.3 λ, and width W 2 is 0.2 λ, and the diameter D of via hole 8 is 1.3mm, and the center distance S of adjacent two little band radiating elements is 2 λ.Present embodiment is the circular metal paster, and its diameter W is 0.5 λ, and the width G in 5 slits 6 of adjacent metal paster is 0.01 λ.The adjacent edge of structure-type wave-absorption material array 4 and little band radiating element 2 be 0.15 λ apart from S1, resistance 7 resistances are 1 ohm.The number n of little band radiating element 2=128, upper surface are radiating surface, and lower surface is a ground plane, and upper and lower surface is linked to each other by the SMA head.By changing the width G adjustable condenser C in 5 slits 6 of metal patch, the width W that changes metal patch 5 can change inductance L, the resistance that connects different resistances can change resistance R, regulate the resonant circuit frequency by changing RLC, make its operating frequency consistent, realize tuning to the absorption frequency of incidence surface ripple with antenna.
Effect of the present invention can further specify by following emulation and test result:
Fig. 3 is the RCS comparison curve chart of the present invention and existing microband paste array antenna, incident wave vertical irradiation and identical with The Research of Antenna Polarization.As can be seen from Figure 3, the present invention is owing to the suction wave frequency of structure-type wave-absorption material overlaps with operating frequency of antenna, therefore near 5.7GHz, the RCS of antenna has obtained maximum reducing, and the 11GHz high band beyond the antenna working band, the RCS of antenna has all obtained effectively reducing, realized in the band of vertical incidence and the band outer same polarization radar wave stealthy.
Fig. 4 is the comparison curve chart of the present invention and existing microband paste array antenna reflection coefficient S11, and wherein Fig. 4 (a) is a simulation result, and Fig. 4 (b) is a test result.As can be seen from Figure 4, compare with existing array antenna, the reflection coefficient S11 of array antenna of the present invention has increase slightly, but it does not have significant change at-10dB bandwidth of operation, and test result and simulation result coincide good.
Fig. 5 is the E face directional diagram comparison curve chart of the present invention and existing microband paste array antenna, and wherein Fig. 5 (a) is a simulation result, and Fig. 5 (b) is a test result.As can be seen from Figure 5, compare with existing array antenna, array antenna E face directional diagram of the present invention does not have significant change, and test result and simulation result coincide good.
Fig. 6 is the H face directional diagram comparison curve chart of the present invention and existing microband paste array antenna, and wherein Fig. 6 (a) is a simulation result, and Fig. 6 (b) is a test result.As can be seen from Figure 6, compare with existing array antenna, the H face directional diagram of array antenna of the present invention does not have significant change, and test result and simulation result coincide good.
The above, only be preferred embodiment of the present invention, do not constitute any limitation of the invention, obviously under design of the present invention, anyone can content according to the present invention make amendment, be equal to and replaces and improvement etc., but these all still belong in the scope that the present invention contains.

Claims (7)

1. array antenna that is used to reduce RCS, comprise: dielectric-slab, ground plate and n little band radiating element, 128 〉=n 〉=4, n little band radiating element (2) is positioned at the upper surface of dielectric-slab (1), ground plate (3) is positioned at the lower surface of dielectric-slab (1), it is characterized in that: be provided with structure-type wave-absorption material (4) between adjacent two little band radiating elements, this structure-type wave-absorption material array is arranged in rectangle by N * M square metal paster (5), N 〉=3, M 〉=3; Metal patch (5) forms inductance L, connect resistance (7) between the adjacent metal paster and form resistance R, be provided with slit (6) between the adjacent metal paster (5) and form capacitor C, this capacitor C, inductance L and resistance R are formed the RLC resonant circuit, by adjusting the frequency of this resonant circuit, it is overlapped with the operating frequency of antenna, realize absorption the vertical incidence surface wave.
2. the array antenna that is used to reduce RCS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: metal patch (5) adopts the identical square of shape, and its width W value is 0.05-0.5 λ, and λ is the wavelength of the central task frequency correspondence of antenna.
3. the array antenna that is used to reduce RCS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the shape of metal patch (5), further adopt circle or cruciform shape or dendriform.
4. the array antenna that is used to reduce RCS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the width G of slit between the metal patch (6) is 0.01-0.06 λ.
5. the array antenna that is used to reduce RCS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: structure-type wave-absorption material (4) is of a size of 1.5-4 times of little band radiating element (2).
6. the array antenna that is used to reduce RCS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the resistance of resistance (7) is 1-500 ohm.
7. the array antenna that is used to reduce RCS according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ring flange that is welded with the SMA head on the ground plate (3), have the via hole (8) that runs through dielectric-slab (1) on little band radiating element (2), the inner core of SMA head is welded on little band radiating element by via hole (8), and array antenna is carried out feed.
CN2011100527069A 2011-03-04 2011-03-04 Array antenna used for reducing radar scattering cross section Pending CN102227040A (en)

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CN103246781A (en) * 2013-05-17 2013-08-14 南京理工大学 Array antenna radar cross section reduction method based on space mapping
CN104036078A (en) * 2014-06-06 2014-09-10 西安电子科技大学 Comprehensive design method of array antenna radiation and scattering performance based on installation height
CN104852130A (en) * 2015-03-14 2015-08-19 西安电子科技大学 Low-radar-section slot array antenna based on holographic surface
CN105846110A (en) * 2016-04-11 2016-08-10 电子科技大学 Dual polarized synchronizing adjustable wave absorber
CN107181056A (en) * 2017-05-16 2017-09-19 叶云裳 A kind of microwave attenuation type high stable phase, high-precision GNSS measurement type antenna and equipment
CN107257032A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-10-17 南京理工大学 A kind of multifrequency Meta Materials wave-absorber
CN107342462A (en) * 2017-07-02 2017-11-10 中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所 Array antenna with Stealth
CN107946743A (en) * 2016-10-13 2018-04-20 波音公司 The system and method that wireless communication is carried out using adaptability diamond shape phased array antenna system
CN108539433A (en) * 2018-04-12 2018-09-14 北京理工大学 A kind of super-thin small wave-absorber device based on frequency-selective surfaces
CN109713457A (en) * 2019-01-23 2019-05-03 西北大学 The design method and its application on the suction super surface of wave/wave transparent based on tantalum-nitride material
CN110034390A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-19 北京机电工程研究所 A kind of thin layer covering of electromagnetic scattering and radiation coordinated regulation
CN110622353A (en) * 2017-05-02 2019-12-27 罗杰斯公司 Connected dielectric resonator antenna array and method of manufacture
CN111029788A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-04-17 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 Broadband metamaterial wave-absorbing structure with angle and polarization insensitivity
CN112086756A (en) * 2020-09-04 2020-12-15 重庆大学 Multi-state mutual coupling suppression method for H-plane phase-controlled patch antenna array by integrated electric/magnetic alternative absorption
CN112164873A (en) * 2020-09-23 2021-01-01 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 Microstrip antenna unit based on microstrip line branch node loading and method for forming low RCS microstrip array antenna by microstrip antenna unit
CN112201962A (en) * 2020-09-11 2021-01-08 华中科技大学 Reflecting plate applied to reduction of scattering sectional area of array antenna radar
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CN113922101A (en) * 2021-11-12 2022-01-11 西安电子科技大学 Wide-angle RCS (radar cross section) shrinkage reduction super surface based on radar wave absorption and scattering cancellation technology
CN114122743A (en) * 2021-11-25 2022-03-01 华中科技大学 Wave absorbing/transmitting device with miniaturized units
CN117080713A (en) * 2023-10-16 2023-11-17 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 Phased array antenna platform based on scattered integration
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CN112164873B (en) * 2020-09-23 2024-04-16 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 Microstrip antenna unit based on microstrip line branch loading and method for forming low-RCS microstrip array antenna
CN113067139A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-02 电子科技大学 Low-scattering ultra-wideband conformal phased array based on aperiodic distributed resistance loading
CN113629410A (en) * 2021-05-12 2021-11-09 南京航空航天大学 Low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on liquid
CN113206392A (en) * 2021-05-14 2021-08-03 德州学院 Microstrip array antenna with reduced scattering cross section of in-band radar
CN113206392B (en) * 2021-05-14 2022-05-24 德州学院 Microstrip array antenna with reduced scattering cross section of in-band radar
CN113922101B (en) * 2021-11-12 2022-11-29 西安电子科技大学 Wide-angle RCS (radar cross section) shrinkage reduction super surface based on radar wave absorption and scattering cancellation technology
CN113922101A (en) * 2021-11-12 2022-01-11 西安电子科技大学 Wide-angle RCS (radar cross section) shrinkage reduction super surface based on radar wave absorption and scattering cancellation technology
CN114122743A (en) * 2021-11-25 2022-03-01 华中科技大学 Wave absorbing/transmitting device with miniaturized units
CN114122743B (en) * 2021-11-25 2023-01-06 华中科技大学 Wave absorbing/transmitting device with miniaturized units
WO2023231027A1 (en) * 2022-06-02 2023-12-07 华为技术有限公司 Wave absorbing structure, antenna, radar, and terminal
CN117080713A (en) * 2023-10-16 2023-11-17 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 Phased array antenna platform based on scattered integration
CN117080713B (en) * 2023-10-16 2023-12-26 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 Phased array antenna platform based on scattered integration

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Application publication date: 20111026