CN113629410A - Low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on liquid - Google Patents
Low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN113629410A CN113629410A CN202110518217.1A CN202110518217A CN113629410A CN 113629410 A CN113629410 A CN 113629410A CN 202110518217 A CN202110518217 A CN 202110518217A CN 113629410 A CN113629410 A CN 113629410A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/364—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith using a particular conducting material, e.g. superconductor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on liquid, and relates to the technical field of radar detection. Specifically, the front side of a dielectric substrate is provided with a slot antenna array, the back side of the dielectric substrate is provided with a feed network, block-shaped water-based wave absorbers are periodically arranged on the surface of the slot antenna array, an upper-layer container is consistent with the water-based wave absorbers arranged on the upper surface of the slot antenna array, and the upper-layer container and the water-based wave absorbers form a closed structure; the water layer is filled in the closed structure, and the metal back plate is arranged behind the antenna. According to the invention, the slot array antenna and the water-based wave absorber are combined, the low-scattering reconfigurable antenna based on liquid is constructed by utilizing the high loss and the fluidity of water, good impedance matching is realized, and the low-scattering and RCS reconfigurable performances of the antenna are achieved on the premise of ensuring the radiation performance of the slot array antenna. The invention takes the dispersion characteristic of water as a research basis, and obtains the low-scattering RCS reconfigurable performance of the antenna by pumping in and pumping out the water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar detection, in particular to a low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on liquid.
Background
With the development of detection technology and stealth technology, the radar scattering cross section (RCS) reduction of platform targets has great military significance. RCS reduction of antenna systems on platforms has become a bottleneck limiting platform stealth. Compared with the platform, the scattering characteristic of the platform can be obviously improved by changing the shape of the platform and attaching the wave-absorbing material on the surface, and the antenna is used as a special scatterer, so that the RCS is reduced, and the radiation performance requirement of the antenna is met.
In recent years, artificial metamaterials are applied to RCS reduction of antennas, for example, a band-pass frequency selective wave absorber is used as an antenna cover, electromagnetic waves in an antenna band can be radiated out, electromagnetic waves out of the antenna band can be absorbed, and therefore the RCS reduction of the antenna is achieved. However, this method easily causes the antenna cover to generate heat, thereby affecting the operating performance of the antenna. The phase difference of the reflected wave is 180 by properly arranging the Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) around the antenna by using its zero reflection phase characteristic. Thereby achieving the purpose of cancellation.
The drawback of this approach is that only a single station RCS reduction in one direction can be achieved, resulting in an increase in RCS in the other direction. And the RCS reduction of most antennas, although stealth is realized for enemy detection, has certain difficulty for self detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on water, and the internal parts of a middle water layer of a unit structure are communicated, so that a high-loss resonant cavity is formed, and the broadband wave-absorbing performance based on liquid is realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method comprises the following steps in sequence from high to low according to the hierarchy: the antenna comprises an upper-layer container (1), a slot antenna array (3), a dielectric substrate (4) and a metal back plate (6), wherein the slot antenna array (3) is paved on the front surface of the dielectric substrate (4), and a feed network (5) is paved on the back surface of the dielectric substrate (4); a groove-shaped structure is arranged on the back of the upper-layer container (1), the groove-shaped structures are arranged in a matrix mode, the upper-layer container (1) is installed and attached to the gap antenna arrays (3), and each groove-shaped structure and the attached gap antenna arrays (3) form a cavity; a flow guide hole is formed between one groove-shaped structure and at least one other adjacent groove-shaped structure, so that liquid can flow between one groove-shaped structure and at least one other adjacent groove-shaped structure conveniently, after all cavities are filled with the liquid, block-shaped water is formed in each cavity, a middle block-shaped water layer (2) is obtained, and all the block-shaped water in the middle block-shaped water layer (2) is arranged according to the matrix. The liquid material adopted by the middle water layer (2) is pure water with electromagnetic parameters meeting the Debye model.
Length and width of the cavity lwAll are 5mm, thickness hwIs 5mm and the spacing between adjacent cavities in the matrix is 4 mm. The slot length l of the slot antenna array (3) is 33.2mm, the width w is 3mm, the array element spacing d is 30mm, and the working frequency band of the slot antenna array (3) is close to 3.1 GHz.
The lower substrate (4) is made of FR4 dielectric material with relative dielectric constant of 4.3 and loss tangent of 0.025. The lower substrate (4) has a length L of 220mm, a width W of 110mm and a thickness of 1 mm. The upper container (1) is made of an acrylic material with the dielectric constant of 2.67 and the loss tangent of 0.01.
According to the low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on water, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the slot antenna array is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, the feed network is arranged on the back surface of the dielectric substrate, block-shaped water-based wave absorbers are periodically arranged on the surface of the slot antenna array, the upper-layer container is consistent with the water-based wave absorbers arranged on the upper surface of the slot antenna array, and the upper-layer container and the water-based wave absorbers form a closed structure; the water layer is filled in the closed structure, and the metal back plate is arranged behind the antenna. According to the invention, the slot array antenna and the water-based wave absorber are combined, the low-scattering reconfigurable antenna based on liquid is constructed by utilizing the high loss and the fluidity of water, good impedance matching is realized, and the low-scattering and RCS reconfigurable performances of the antenna are achieved on the premise of ensuring the radiation performance of the slot array antenna.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments provided by the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid-based low-scattering RCS reconfigurable antenna back layering provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a feed network provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a water-based absorber unit structure provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a forward layering of a low-scattering RCS reconfigurable antenna based on liquid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a single station RCS for a liquid-based low-scattering antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a dual station RCS for a liquid-based low-scattering antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an E-plane radiation pattern of a liquid-based low-scattering antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an H-plane radiation pattern of a liquid-based low-scattering antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a Debye model curve of water provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 10 is an S-parameter curve of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The radar cross-section (RCS) is a physical quantity that defines the scattering properties of a target, the equivalent scattering area that the target exhibits when illuminated by an incident radar wave. The more traditional RCS reduction includes four: shaping technology, coating wave-absorbing material, passive cancellation and active cancellation. Among them, the shaping technique often strives for the RCS characteristics of the platform itself, and since the antenna needs to guarantee its own radiation characteristics, it is difficult to change its shape. The problem of coating the wave-absorbing material is that the temperature of the wave-absorbing material rises after the wave-absorbing material absorbs energy, and if the scattering cannot keep up with the temperature change, the electrical performance of the device can be changed. Passive cancellation and active cancellation are not used much for the first two due to technical difficulties and cost.
The existing defect is that only a single-station RCS reduction in a certain direction can be realized, which can lead to the increase of RCS in other directions. And the RCS reduction of most antennas, although stealth is realized for enemy detection, has certain difficulty for self detection. The invention aims to provide a low-scattering and RCS (radar cross section) reconfigurable slot antenna, overcomes the problems in the prior art, relates to a low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on water, and particularly relates to a low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna composed of high-loss media and applicable to stealth detection.
The specific design idea is as follows: the reconfigurable slot antenna with low scattering is provided by using the most extensive resource on the earth, namely water, and utilizing the high loss, the fluidity and the heat radiation performance of the water, so that compared with the traditional structure, the reconfigurable slot antenna with low scattering has the advantages of cost saving, simple preparation and capability of realizing low scattering and reconfigurable RCS (radar cross section).
The embodiment of the invention provides a low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on liquid, which comprises the following components in sequence from high level to low level as shown in fig. 1 and 4: the antenna comprises an upper-layer container (1), a slot antenna array (3), a dielectric substrate (4) and a metal back plate (6), wherein the slot antenna array (3) is paved on the front surface of the dielectric substrate (4), and a feed network (5) is paved on the back surface of the dielectric substrate (4). The specific layout structure of the feed network (5) can be as shown in fig. 2, and the feed network (5) is composed of conducting wires arranged in an H shape and conducting wires connected with the H-shaped structure. And a metal back plate (6) of the antenna is arranged behind the feed network (5).
As shown in fig. 1, a groove-shaped structure is arranged at the back of an upper container (1), the groove-shaped structures are arranged in a matrix, the upper container (1) is mounted and attached to a slot antenna array (3), and each groove-shaped structure and the attached slot antenna array (3) form a cavity. A flow guide hole is formed between one groove-shaped structure and at least one other adjacent groove-shaped structure, so that liquid can flow between one groove-shaped structure and at least one other adjacent groove-shaped structure conveniently, after all cavities are filled with the liquid, block-shaped water is formed in each cavity, a middle block-shaped water layer (2) is obtained, and all the block-shaped water in the middle block-shaped water layer (2) is arranged according to the matrix.
In a preferred version of this embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the cavities are 5mm long and wide, lw 5mm thick, and the spacing between adjacent cavities in the matrix is 4 mm. The slot length l of the slot antenna array (3) is 33.2mm, the width w is 3mm, the array element spacing d is 30mm, and the working frequency band of the slot antenna array (3) is close to 3.1 GHz.
In a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, FR4 dielectric material having a relative dielectric constant of 4.3 and a loss tangent of 0.025 is used as the lower substrate (4). The lower substrate (4) has a length L of 220mm, a width W of 110mm and a thickness of 1 mm. The upper container (1) is made of an acrylic material with the dielectric constant of 2.67 and the loss tangent of 0.01.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the liquid material used for the intermediate water layer (2) shown in fig. 9 is pure water whose electromagnetic parameters satisfy the Debye model. The liquid material used in the present embodiment is not limited to this, and other liquid materials such as alcohol and acetone may be used. The middle water layer (2) is filled between the upper-layer containers (1); due to the specific electromagnetic property of water, when the water is filled and drained, the low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna has unique electromagnetic properties of 'constant radiation performance and reconfigurable RCS', and is more suitable for 'intelligent' selection in a stealth system.
The invention designs a low-scattering RCS reconfigurable slot antenna, which comprises an upper-layer container (1), a middle water layer (2), a lower-layer substrate (4), a slot antenna array (3) on the front surface of the lower-layer substrate, a feed network (5) on the back surface of the lower-layer substrate and a metal reflecting plate (6), so that the upper-layer container (1) and distributed water-accumulated wave absorbers are kept consistent, a closed structure is formed, and the middle blocky water layer (2) is filled in the closed structure.
The embodiment designs a low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on liquid. The front side of a dielectric substrate is provided with a slot antenna array, the back side of the dielectric substrate is provided with a feed network, block-shaped water-based wave absorbers are periodically arranged on the surface of the slot antenna array, an upper container is consistent with the water-based wave absorbers arranged on the upper surface of the slot antenna array, and the upper container and the water-based wave absorbers form a closed structure; the water layer is filled in the closed structure, and the metal back plate is arranged behind the antenna. According to the invention, the slot array antenna and the water-based wave absorber are combined, the low-scattering reconfigurable antenna based on liquid is constructed by utilizing the high loss and the fluidity of water, good impedance matching is realized, and the low-scattering and RCS reconfigurable performances of the antenna are achieved on the premise of ensuring the radiation performance of the slot array antenna. The invention takes the dispersion characteristic of water as a research basis, and obtains the low-scattering RCS reconfigurable performance of the antenna by pumping in and pumping out the water.
In this embodiment, the radiation pattern of the antenna is shown in fig. 7-8, the single-station RCS of the antenna is shown in fig. 5, the broadband RCS reduction from 4GHz to 18GHz is achieved, and the double-station RCS of the antenna is shown in fig. 6. Therefore, on the aspect of overall structure design, the low scattering and RCS reconfigurable performance of the antenna is realized, and the requirements of good impedance matching and antenna radiation performance are met.
As can be seen from the experimental effects shown in fig. 5-10, in this embodiment, the liquid-based broadband wave absorption is periodically arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the fluidity of water is used to ensure that the interiors of the middle block-shaped water layers (2) of the unit structures are communicated everywhere, so as to form a high-loss resonant cavity, thereby realizing the liquid-based broadband wave absorption performance. 4 grooves are formed in the upper layer container (1), the positions of the grooves are consistent with those of the gaps of the slot antenna array (3), and the radiation performance of the slot antenna array is ensured.
The main advantages in practical application are: the broadband wave absorber is formed by the high loss performance of water, and the reduction of out-of-band RCS of single-station and double-station antennas is realized by combining a slot antenna. Through the flowing performance of water, the reconfigurable performance of the antenna RCS is realized through the processes of water pumping in and pumping out. And the band performance can be satisfied, the RCS reduction of the broadband from 4GHz to 18GHz can be realized out of band, and the good radiation performance in the band is ensured.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, it is relatively simple to describe, and reference may be made to some descriptions of the method embodiment for relevant points. The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on liquid is characterized by sequentially comprising the following components in the order from high to low according to the level: the antenna comprises an upper-layer container (1), a slot antenna array (3), a dielectric substrate (4) and a metal back plate (6), wherein the slot antenna array (3) is paved on the front surface of the dielectric substrate (4), and a feed network (5) is paved on the back surface of the dielectric substrate (4);
a groove-shaped structure is arranged on the back of the upper-layer container (1), the groove-shaped structures are arranged in a matrix mode, the upper-layer container (1) is installed and attached to the gap antenna arrays (3), and each groove-shaped structure and the attached gap antenna arrays (3) form a cavity;
a flow guide hole is formed between one groove-shaped structure and at least one other adjacent groove-shaped structure, so that liquid can flow between one groove-shaped structure and at least one other adjacent groove-shaped structure conveniently, after all cavities are filled with the liquid, block-shaped water is formed in each cavity, a middle block-shaped water layer (2) is obtained, and all the block-shaped water in the middle block-shaped water layer (2) is arranged according to the matrix.
2. The liquid based low scattering reconfigurable slot antenna of claim 1,
length and width of the cavity lwAll are 5mm, thickness hwIs 5mm and the spacing between adjacent cavities in the matrix is 4 mm.
3. The liquid-based low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the slot antenna array (3) has a slot length/of 33.2mm, a width w of 3mm, an array element spacing d of 30mm, and an operating frequency band of the slot antenna array (3) is close to 3.1 GHz.
4. The liquid-based low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna according to claim 1, wherein the lower substrate (4) is made of FR4 dielectric material with a relative dielectric constant of 4.3 and a loss tangent of 0.025.
5. The liquid-based low scattering reconfigurable slot antenna according to claim 4, wherein the lower substrate (4) has a length L of 220mm, a width W of 110mm, and a thickness of 1 mm.
6. The liquid-based low scattering reconfigurable slot antenna according to claim 1, wherein the upper container (1) is made of an acrylic material having a dielectric constant of 2.67 and a loss tangent of 0.01.
7. The liquid-based low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid material adopted by the intermediate water layer (2) is pure water with electromagnetic parameters meeting the Debye model.
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| CN202110518217.1A CN113629410A (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | Low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on liquid |
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| CN216214140U (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-04-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Low-scattering reconfigurable slot antenna based on water |
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2021
- 2021-05-12 CN CN202110518217.1A patent/CN113629410A/en active Pending
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