CN107181056A - A kind of microwave attenuation type high stable phase, high-precision GNSS measurement type antenna and equipment - Google Patents
A kind of microwave attenuation type high stable phase, high-precision GNSS measurement type antenna and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107181056A CN107181056A CN201710344068.5A CN201710344068A CN107181056A CN 107181056 A CN107181056 A CN 107181056A CN 201710344068 A CN201710344068 A CN 201710344068A CN 107181056 A CN107181056 A CN 107181056A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microwave attenuation type high stable phase, high-precision GNSS measurement type antenna and equipment, the antenna includes covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator, half opening cylindrical cavity, suppression diameter plate, microwave attenuation plate, guiding plate and polarization isolation work(sub-module etc.；Covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator is installed on half opening cylindrical cavity bottom center by support component；Support component has 4 support cylinders；Covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator includes 4 unit oscillators, is respectively arranged in the top of four support cylinders, away from bottom of chamber with high；Wherein, the setting height of covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator and the depth of half opening cylindrical cavity are determined by adjusting, and realize flat mouth footpath surface radiation；The top of covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator passes through the coaxial insulating mounting of medium annulus and guiding plate；Suppression diameter plate with certain spacing, be coaxially installed on the lower bottom part of half opening cylindrical cavity, microwave attenuation plate abuts suppression diameter plate bottom surface, is co-axially mounted；Polarization isolation work(sub-module and LNA modules are arranged at the bottom of microwave attenuation plate.The antenna of the present invention is small-sized, light weight, simple and low cost.
Description
Technical field
Declined the present invention relates to a kind of microwave of communication technical field, more particularly to GLONASS terminal receiver
Subtract type high stable phase, high-precision GNSS measurement type antenna and equipment.
Background technology
GPS (Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS) is using satellite as base
The radio-navigation positioning system of plinth, with totipotency (sea, land and sky, day), global, round-the-clock, continuity and real-time
The function of navigation, positioning and timing；And three dimensional space coordinate, speed and the time of real-time dynamic precision can be provided for each user.
GNSS be also known as space-based PNT (position, navigation, timing) or PNOT (position, navigation,
Orientation, timing) system, it is also modern as embodying already as the great space of country and basis for IT application facility
Change the important symbol of big country status and national overall national strength.It is by as the 3rd, the whole world after mobile communication and internet
Develop most fast electronics and information industry economic new growing point.
Aeronautical satellite transmission signal includes carrier wave, ranging code and numeric data code, frequently referred to navigation message.Receiver will navigate electric
Text carries out the 7 dimension information that information processing is converted to Position, Velocity and Time, completes navigation, positions and provide time reference.Navigation
Location receiver is the basis of all applications in satellite navigation industry, and receiver antenna is that receiver is important and nucleus equipment.With
The popularization of application and deeply, a kind of requirement more and more higher to receiver system accuracy, carrier phase measurement type is received
Machine can realize the positioning precision of cm or even mm magnitudes, and its antenna is the indispensable key equipment of the receiver, to improving GNSS
Carrier phase measurement precision play very crucial effect.
Microband paste and four arms being used GPS-L1 (C/A codes) receiver antenna positioned in GPS early stages, single-frequency pseudorange code more
Helical antenna.With double-frequency GPS differential applications, double-deck micro-strip paster antenna is occurred in that, this kind of antenna passes through micro-strip dielectric-slab
Stacking solves GPS-L1 and GPS-L2 dual-frequency point applications, but can not fully meet multiple frequency broad band application requirement.There is micro-strip day again
Beta radiation can produce surface wave simultaneously, because the excitation and radiation of surface wave make front and rear ratio, the circle of microstrip antenna antenna pattern
Symmetry and wide-angle circular polarization characteristics, which are all difficult to improve, to be improved.This kind of antenna ability of anti-multipath and phase centre stability compared with
Difference, it is difficult to meet High-precision carrier measurement request.
Afterwards, to suppress the Circular microstrip patch antenna that surface wave proposes double short-circuit annulus, obtained in GPS-L1, L2
Obvious effect.The design is applied to multifrequency, broadband and still had any problem without departing from resonance concept.The star of current diversification
Base resource, in face of many stars and is deposited, for the application of the application environment that shares and high-acruracy survey requirement, and independent microstrip antenna seems
There is deficiency more.
NovAtel Inc. (the patent No.s in 2002：US-6445354-B1), the Hot Wheels for L1 frequency ranges are developed first
Shape antenna (' High Performance GPS Pinwheel Antenna ') reach the radiation phase heart of stabilization and to multipath signal
Certain suppression, meet the requirement of carrier phase measurement.Typical products are GPS-601.Later, NovAtel Inc. were ground again
Suitable GNSS broadband receiver antenna is made, typical products are GPS-704X.In terms of measured result, 704X antenna gain indexs
It is unbalanced in full frequency band, the high-end low nearly 3dB of the low side ratio of gains, this to realize full frequency band GNSS signal receive, particularly pair
China's BD-2 signals, which are received, to have a significant effect.
Also, small-signal receives the influence for being highly prone to antenna surrounding environment, navigation positioning receiver antenna not only connects
The direct signal that satellite is sent is received, the indirect signal that reflected, scattering enters also is received.It is general that indirect signal is referred to as multipath letter
Number.Multipath signal directly contributes receiver pseudo-range measurements or carrier-phase measurement deviation, causes positioning precision and positioning steady
It is qualitative to decline.Multipath error is one of main error source of GNSS receiver positioning.Multi-path jamming has turned into further raising and connect
The problem that receipts machine positioning precision, stability and reliability must break through.GNSS receiver is roughly divided into sky to multipath signal processing
Domain and the class of time domain two.Receiver Time Domain Processing is mainly the influence for suppressing multipath signal, and conventional has narrow correlation method, waveform to decompose
Method, iteratively faster maximum likelihood algorithm (FIMLA), multipath estimation delay phase-locked loop method etc., this needs to occupy more resources, makes
Receiver device complex redundancy.This miniaturization for being against receiver, lightweight, lower power consumption, reduce the target of cost, and
When time delay caused by antenna peripheral reflection etc. is less than 1/15 chip lengths, receiver still can not be handled effectively.
Now, in order to improve the ability of receiver system anti-multipath, for the application at present of receiver single antenna at most then
It is plus chokes ring (Choke-Ring) form that high-impedance behavior is presented to suppress surface wave using choke coil surface impedance.Using
2D/3D choke coils can effectively improve the front and rear ratio of single antenna.F/B raising to suppress multipath, improve antijamming capability be
Highly beneficial.TOPCON is proposed plane (2D) chokes ring CR-3 and CR-4 antenna applied to GPS-L1 and L2.In order to suitable
Ying Duoxing is simultaneously deposited and shared, and NovAtel Inc. are proposed the antenna with 3D chokes rings, Nov-GNSS-750-X, and the antenna is not
A diameter of 380mm with cover, is highly not less than 200mm, and weight reaches 7.6kg.Afterwards, TOPCON is proposed band hemisphere and scatters post again
TPSPN.A5 antennas, its diameter 413.8mm, high 288mm, weight is not less than 7.6kg.(NovAtel-750X antennas).No matter
It is choke coil, or half spherical scatterer, their introducing considerably increases the size of element antenna, weight, the increase of cost
Unavoidably.And the design of chokes ring is that high impedance is presented to suppress stray radiation based on collar extension.This mechanism of action be with
Frequency is relevant, to further expand frequency band, or it is limited further to improve rejection ability.Also there are similar 3D chokes the country
Enclose antenna.It is no matter serious from domestic or external this kind of GNSS high-acruracy surveys type antenna homogeneity tendency, asked with same
Topic, body is big, matter is heavy, cost height is also common shortcoming.The end of last century occurs in that the study hotspot to artificial dielectric new material,
Propose using artificial light crystal zone gap (PBG) and electro-magnetic bandgap (EBG) material, design the frequency band that its stop-band needs to suppress in antenna
On, to prevent propagation and the radiation effect of surface wave and its clutter.Because it is a kind of periodic structure material, its general size and
After volume is limited, Expected Results is extremely difficult to, so this material applies not universal in high-acruracy survey antenna.In recent years
Trimble develops Geodetic Zephyr-2 antennas, and it is coated with Radar Stealth Materials on earth plate, forms high resistant
Anti- sorbent surface, is radiated with clutter reduction.This antenna height is reduced, and its bore diameter still has 340mm, weight about 1.6kg.
There is a kind of design concept the formation cut-off wave attenuation on earth plate to be applied to high-acruracy survey type GNSS in recent years to receive
(see the patent No. in machine Antenna Design：20150284770.8), invented that a kind of body is small, the high-acruracy survey type antenna of light weight,
Just obtain some encouraging results.But the antenna structure is more complicated, phase heart space regression nature need further improvement.
However, from angle is applied, in addition to small-sized, light weight, low cost are required, the deviation (poor) of antenna phase center
(PCO), the change of change (PCV) and the group delay of antenna phase center has turned into the influence of following higher precision GNSS measurements
How factor, find a kind of more excellent phase and phase-frequency characteristic, simpler, lighter, smaller, cost less expensive high-performance day
Line, as urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
Weak point present in regarding to the issue above, the application provides a kind of microwave attenuation type GNSS high stable phase, high
Precision measure type antenna and equipment.Antenna performance is better than the 3D choke coil antennas of current main flow, in whole GNSS working frequency range,
Substantially phase heart space normalizing (in space deviation ≈ 1mms of the GNSS with interior PCO) is realized, (PCV (1 σ) is less than phase heart dispersion
0.5mm, with phase and phase-frequency characteristic evenly, compares F/B before and after realizing>30dB superpower anti-multipath performance and antenna
Smaller, quality lighter, structure simpler, cost is lower.The premium properties of inventive antenna has exceeded comprehensively now should
First-class similar antenna, the antenna of the application can be used as GNSS receiver antenna high-end market and future in brand-new mode
The first choice of requirements at the higher level application.
The application first aspect provides a kind of microwave attenuation type high stable phase, high-precision GNSS measurement type antenna.The antenna
Mainly it is made up of the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator component and suppression diameter plate of half opening cylindrical cavity with microwave attenuation board component.Half opening cylindrical cavity covering of the fan
Cross-shaped oscillator component mainly includes covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator and half opening cylindrical cavity, and suppression diameter plate and microwave attenuation board component mainly include suppression
Footpath plate and microwave attenuation plate.Support component is set on the half opening cylindrical cavity, and the support component is located at the half opening cylindrical cavity
Bottom of chamber middle section, and the support component includes 4 support cylinders；The covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator is arranged at the support
The top of component, the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator includes 4 unit oscillators, and each unit oscillator is installed on a support column
The top of body；Wherein, the depth and diameter that set height and the half opening cylindrical cavity of the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator can be by adjusting
Section is determined, strives constituting expected flat mouth footpath surface radiation；The top of the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator sets the guiding plate, described to draw
Installed to plate and the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator by a medium annulus dielectric coaxial；The suppression diameter plate is with certain spacing, coaxial
The lower bottom part of half opening cylindrical cavity is installed on, microwave attenuation plate abuts the suppression diameter plate bottom surface, is co-axially mounted；The polarization isolation
Work(sub-module is arranged at the bottom of the microwave attenuation plate.
In a kind of possible implementation, any cell oscillator is bent into obtuse angle for 1 in the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator
Fan-shaped metal plate anchorage (composition), 4 unit oscillators are placed in a horizontal plane, horizontal center line pairwise orthogonal.Unit oscillator is high
Degree is less than λ/4, belongs to broadband, short and small oscillator design.
In a kind of possible implementation, the bearing height of central cross covering of the fan oscillator is adjusted, the half opening is adjusted
The diameter and depth of cylindrical cavity, to control the amplitude and phase distribution of aperture radiation, make upper half-space antenna pattern characteristic base
Originally predetermined directional diagram figuration requirement is reached.
In a kind of possible implementation, the half opening cylindrical cavity spaced set slot at annular opening；Adjust
The spacing of whole slot and the length of slot, to suppress the generation and radiation of clutter residue circular current.
In a kind of possible implementation, the diameter of the suppression diameter plate is slightly larger than the metal of the half opening cylindrical cavity diameter
Plate, suppresses the interference of (multipath and) clutter radiation as the first line of defence.
In a kind of possible implementation, the microwave attenuation plate is on microwave-medium plate, symmetrically to print
The metal patch that some width differ in size, connects these pasters in radial direction using microwave resistance.So, divide
The microband paste and Lumped Constant Microwave resistance string of cloth, the magnetic high impedance surface for composing in parallel a gradual change.Microwave attenuation plate
An independent construction module is combined into earth plate (suppression diameter plate), the transmission and radiation of further clutter reduction are effectively real
The decay and suppression to multipath signal are showed.
In a kind of possible implementation, the polarization isolation work(sub-module is substantially a 3dB/90 ° of microwave
Hybrid components.It has two input ports and two output ports；Wherein, two input ports respectively with the support component
Coaxial inner conductor be connected, output end output RHCP signals are connected with receiver, and another output end connects 50 Ω and absorb electric
Resistance, to absorb LHCP signals.
In a kind of possible implementation, four support component doubles as RF coaxial lines, wherein 2 coaxial for feed
Line, another two is auxiliary coaxial line；It is same as auxiliary that the inner wire extension of two feed coaxial feeders is connected across offside support cylinder
On the inner wire of axis, two offside support cylinders aid in the short-circuit coaxial line that coaxial line is open-end, and (its characteristic impedance is not
50 Ω coaxial lines), by the perceptual terminal impedance of the coaxial line with being overlapped on the inner wire of the coaxial line termination with doubling as outer conductor
The capacitive reactances that is formed of cylinder end, be tuned to series resonance, overlap joint line and the covering of the fan oscillator being connected on offside support cylinder
Short circuit, realizes microwave connection, forms 0 °/180 ° of balanced feeding of two symmetrical cell oscillators.Two feeding coaxial lines center lines
There is impedance matching section of one section of diameter different from center line, RF stubs and distributed reactance with offside formation in upper appropriate location
Collective effect, without external matching network, realizes Self Matching of the feeding coaxial lines to 50 Ω coaxial lines.
In a kind of possible implementation, the antenna also include noiselike signal module it with described polarization isolation
The RHCP deferent segments of work(sub-module connect and compose active antenna.
In a kind of possible implementation, the antenna also includes antenna house；Wherein, the antenna house is used to protect day
Line body.
In a kind of possible implementation, the antenna can be used as high-acruracy survey type GNSS user compatible receiver day
Line or network RTK antenna for base station or the GNSS reception systems for having high accuracy positioning demand.It may extend to the nothing of similar requirement
Line electricity reception system etc..
The application second aspect provides radio frequency (RF) front end of high stable phase, high-acruracy survey type for receiver, or provides one
Plant high-acruracy survey type equipment, including the as above high-acruracy survey type antenna described in any one.
The application can realize that in whole GNSS working frequency range antenna gain is more than 7dBic；± 60 ° of angular domains, covering increases
Benefit is higher than 1dBic；± 70 ° of angular domains, RHCP Circular polarization ratios, AR≤2dB；It is front and rear to compare F/B>30dB circle symmetrical and ideal direction
Figure, phase heart space normalizing (in space deviation ≈ 1mms of the whole GNSS with interior PCO), phase heart dispersion (PCV (1 σ) is less than 1mm,
With phase and phase-frequency characteristic evenly；And antenna size is smaller, quality lighter, structure simpler, cost is lower.The present invention
The premium properties of antenna has exceeded the first-class similar antenna of current application comprehensively, and inventive antenna can be made in brand-new mode
For GNSS receiver antenna high-end market and the first choice of following requirements at the higher level application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of diagrammatic cross-section of high-acruracy survey type antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 a are a kind of partial cutaway schematic of high-acruracy survey type antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 b are a kind of schematic top plan view of high-acruracy survey type antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a are a kind of schematic top plan view of suppression diameter plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 b are a kind of elevational schematic view of suppression diameter plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 a are a kind of schematic top plan view of microwave attenuation plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention；Fig. 4 b are the embodiment of the present invention
A kind of elevational schematic view of the microwave attenuation plate provided.In accompanying drawing：Antenna house 1, guiding plate 2, covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator 3, half opening
Cylindrical cavity 4, suppression diameter plate 5, microwave attenuation plate 6, polarization isolation work(sub-module 7, radio-frequency joint 8, LNA modules 9
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained on the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention is intended not increasing receiver configuration, and multi-antenna-unit processing system and adaptive day are not used
Line, does not use 2D/3D chokes ring structure (uncomfortable because this design can cause antenna volume, weight and cost substantially to increase yet
Preferably minimize, lightweight and low cost design object) in the case of, only with single antenna, pass through design concept and design method
Renewal, it is comprehensive go out new high-acruracy survey type GNSS receiver antenna.Improve the sky of phase centre stability and the phase heart
Between regression nature, under conditions of high-end applications demand is met, accomplish simpler, smaller, high light weight as far as possible, more highly reliable, more
Low cost.With brand-new design concept, brand-new antenna is createed, following high request is better adapted to.
The embodiment of the present invention is collectively forming flat mouth footpath radiation source using cross covering of the fan oscillator and half opening garden chamber component, utilizes
The design concept of feed radiation, realizes navigation terminal receiver antenna ideal orientation figure, phase heart space normalizing (in whole GNSS
Navigate frequency range, PCO locus is with the maximum difference only 1mm of frequency), (PCV (1 σ) is less than 1mm, visibly homogeneous phase for phase heart dispersion
Position and phase-frequency characteristic.The present invention implements to devise a kind of microwave attenuation plate simultaneously, and side is effectively eliminated with suppression diameter plate collective effect
Edge diffraction and the influence of stray radiation interference, can make single antenna ratio before and after the directional diagram of whole satellite navigation frequency range
(F/B) more than 30dB is reached, anti-multipath jamming ability is substantially increased.
The Computer Simulation profile data of the embodiment of antenna of the embodiment of the present invention one can further illustrate the effect of each composition
And efficiency.It is divided into by its function inventive antenna：(1) half opening cylindrical cavity cross covering of the fan vibrator component；(2) suppression diameter plate；(3) microwave
Decay board component.The computer artificial result of inventive antenna embodiment see the table below using Ansof HFSS softwares：With BD-2-
Exemplified by B1/B2, GPS-L1/L2, illustrate effect and efficiency of each of which in directional diagram figuration and suppression multi-path jamming.
In upper table, G0, G60 are 0 ° of direction, the antenna gain of ± 60 ° of angular domains；70 ° of Δ is in ± 70 ° of angular domain internal antenna phases
The phase extreme difference of position directional diagram and ball equiphase surface；PCO, Z represent the locus at antenna (equivalent) average phase center；Due to
The symmetry of antenna, and antenna axis vertical plane in deviation it is very small, be placed in substantially on central shaft, thus only marked with
The axial distance of equivalent radiation centre, Z.AR is represented in covering angular domain (± 70 °) internal antenna Circular polarization ratio.F/B is antenna
The ratio between front and rear ratio is 0 ° of directive gain with 180 ° of directive gains.It can be seen that：
(1) half opening cylindrical cavity covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator is set as the main radiating element component of this antenna by directional diagram figuration
Meter, realize substantially GNSS measurement type antenna upper half-spaces main radiance (including gain, directional diagram covering angular domain, pole
Change and phase characteristic).This is the basis of inventive antenna, is illustrated first using cross covering of the fan circular polarisation oscillator and circular waveguide H11
The design concept of the main radiating element of mould incentive combination shape cost antenna is correct available.GNSS measurements type day is substantially met
The requirement of line upper half-space radiation beam, it is accordingly required in particular to be pointed out that inventive antenna divides by combining the amplitude and phase of bore
Cloth is controlled, and makes space phase directional diagram in ± 70 ° of angular domains, phase extreme difference Δ≤1 ° with ideal spherical face, completely close to reason
Think spherical wave, show that main radiating element phase center space regression nature is completely excellent.But due to half opening cylindrical cavity covering of the fan cross
The bore edge diffraction of oscillator and scattering, cause antenna pattern backward radiation larger, make to compare before and after directional diagram, particularly GPS-
L2/BD-B2 F/B- only has 16dB, and this depends merely on the main radiating element of inventive antenna to suppressing multipath and interference, stable phase angle
It is very inadequate, it is necessary to increase combination measure.
(2) earth plate of increase limited dimensions can suppress part backscattering enhanced, and computer artificial result shows, distance
Cylindrical cavity bottom surface 9mm, diameter of phi 160mm suppression diameter plate can be such that the front and rear of GPS-L2/BD-B2 frequency ranges is brought up to than F/B from 16dB
24dB, but it is just less obvious to the raising of GPS-L1/BD-B1 front and rear ratio by frequency limit earth plate.
(3) along with the combined effect of microwave attenuation plate is with regard to fairly obvious, the antenna suppression diameter plate and microwave attenuation board component
Collective effect, it is front and rear than with singly there is main radiating element to improve nearly 20dB, be can reach before and after whole GNSS navigation frequency ranges than F/B
More than 30dB, and this radiance to antenna upper half-space does not produce obvious negative effect substantially.This is to suppressing multipath
There is remarkable result with clutter interference, stable phase angle central characteristics.
In addition, high polarization isolation and polarization filtering characteristic make the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is exclusive to suppress forward multi-path and dry
The speciality disturbed, has original benefit for the CORS reference station receiver systems in city pile and grove, protects
Demonstrate,prove the direct wave quality of reception under complex environment.And antenna is small-sized, light weight, simple, low cost are that current similar antenna is incomparable
's.The antenna can realize the positioning accurate of the real-time dynamic monitoring of cm or mm magnitudes with high-acruracy survey type compatible receiver adapted
Degree, is one of high-end receiver, the important nucleus equipment in CORS base stations.Especially current national ' the Belt and Road ' strategy, Wo Menxu
Creative product with independent intellectual property right and service are gone abroad and service the world, application requirement is met, in createing
The world brand of state.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a kind of diagrammatic cross-section of high-acruracy survey type antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 1, institute
Stating antenna includes covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator 3, half opening cylindrical cavity 4, suppression diameter plate 5, microwave attenuation plate 6, guiding plate 2 and polarization isolation work(
Sub-module 7.
Specifically, support component is set on the half opening cylindrical cavity 4, and the support component is located at the half opening cylindrical cavity
The middle section of bottom of chamber, and the support component includes 4 support (circle) cylinders；The covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator 3 is arranged at described
The top of support component, the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator includes 4 unit oscillators, and each unit oscillator is installed on described in one
Support the top of (circle) cylinder；Wherein, the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator 3 sets height with the depth of the half opening cylindrical cavity and directly
Footpath is determined by adjusting, and forms (composition) flat aperture radiation cylindrical cavity；The top of the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator 3 sets the guiding plate
2, it is used for finely tuning impedance and the directional diagram of antenna, and the guiding plate 2 is insulated with the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator by medium annulus
It is coaxial to install；The suppression diameter plate 5 is arranged at the bottom of the half opening cylindrical cavity 4 spaced a predetermined distance, and the microwave attenuation plate 6 is set
The bottom of the suppression diameter plate 5 is placed in, the polarization isolation work(sub-module 7 is arranged at the bottom of the microwave attenuation plate 6.
In one example, as shown in figure 1, a diameter of 219.4mm of the antenna, band antenna house is highly 110mm.
In one example, any cell oscillator is bent into 133 ° of obtuse angles, sector angles for 1 in the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator
For 90 ° of metal plate anchorage, and 4 unit oscillator horizontal positioneds, (away from bottom of chamber height H=34mm) its horizontal center line is two-by-two just
Hand over.
In one example, the support component is installed on the center of half opening cylindrical cavity 4, in working frequency range, covering of the fan cross
Oscillator formation RHCP circular polarization radiation, while also making circular waveguide motivate H11 basic modes.
In one embodiment, a diameter of 140mm of half opening cylindrical cavity 4, the high 30mm of chamber, the high 34mm of covering of the fan oscillator, cross fan
Face oscillator 3 motivates motivate that the H11 circular waveguide fundamental mode fields of circular polarisation are collectively forming in circular polarisation primary field and circular waveguide flat
Bore surface radiation, the Aperture field distribution approaches the H11 moulds circular polarisation in the waveguide of garden.Due to symmetrical configuration, its field distribution
Also Central Symmetry.Pass through covering of the fan oscillator physical dimension (oscillator shape, sector angle) and half opening cylindrical cavity size (chamber diameter, chamber are deep)
Adjustment, the valve that can control antenna pattern is wide, reaches expected directional diagram figuration requirement；And control Qi Kou faces phase is divided simultaneously
Cloth, make its radiating phase in covering angular domain be basically unchanged with Space Angle (in GNSS frequency ranges, ± 70 ° of angular domains, phase deviation≤
2 °) it is approximately a spherical wave, and also with frequency, its equivalent centre of sphere is also basically unchanged that (in GNSS frequency ranges, PCO locus is with frequency
Change is smaller than 1mm).Steady phase Antenna Design requirement has been reached, and has maintained small-sized, light weight technology restriction.
In one example, half opening cylindrical cavity spaced set 8 slots, slit width 2mm at annular opening；Adjust
The spacing of whole slot and the length of slot, to suppress the generation of clutter residue circular current.In principle, seam spacing ＜ λ/4, stitch long ≈
λ/4, can be achieved optimal ring side electric current and suppress with the formation for the spindle back lobe for preventing backward 180 ° of directions.
Further, half opening cylindrical cavity 4 serves the effect of directional diagram figuration to the galactic cosmic rays of cross covering of the fan oscillator 3.
The conductor boundary condition figuration antenna pattern of half opening cylindrical cavity 4, is formed with the circularly polarised hemispheric beam of appropriate beam angle.Half
One group of slot has been opened at opening cylindrical cavity 4 edge at equal intervals, each segment length of edge of opening is much smaller than λ/4, and slot length is use up
Amount can effectively prevent the circular current of edge of opening from generating close to λ/4.Adjust its slot number and length, except reduce edge around
Penetrate outer, the vertical shape back lobe of spinning in 180 ° of directions of remaining circular current formation is suppressed can also to greatest extent.Ultimately form
Likeness in formAntenna pattern.N is equal to more than 1 any number, is determined by design.
In one example, the diameter D=160mm of the suppression diameter plate, slightly larger than the diameter of the half opening cylindrical cavity, with half
Cylindrical cavity bottom surface be open away from 9mm, as the first line of defence for suppressing multipath and interference, is meeting in small-sized, light weight constraint bar
Under part, the efficiency that the distance adjusted with cylindrical cavity bottom radiates clutter reduction is optimal.
In one example, microstrip transmission line and the Lumped Constant Microwave member that the microwave attenuation plate is distributed by Central Symmetry
Device series and parallel is constituted, to form the magnetic high impedance surface of gradual change, further transmission and the spoke of decay clutter and multipath signal
Penetrate.
It should be noted that microwave attenuation plate is an important innovations, its innovative achievements find expression in using suppression diameter plate and
Microwave attenuation board component (diameter is no more than 200mm, and thickness is no more than 4mm special microwave board component) instead of massive 3D
Choke coil, realizes effective suppression to stray radiation and interference,
It should be noted that an infinitely great metal plate is arranged on below radiating doublet, appropriate location can be lower half
Space radiation is completely inhibited, and forms preferable hemispheric beam.Antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is size-limited, suppression diameter board size
It is limited.How the effect of infinitely great suppression diameter plate is realized, here it is where the innovation of antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.The embodiment of the present invention
Antenna has been co-axially mounted a diameter slightly metal plate bigger than chamber footpath on away from the bottom suitable distance of half opening cylindrical cavity 4.
In one embodiment, 4 diameters of half opening cylindrical cavity=140mm, due to miniaturization, lightweight limitation, the suppression diameter
Plate 5 away from half opening cylindrical cavity bottom 9mm spacing, diameter=160mm；Suppression diameter plate 5 have immediately below one it is specially designed
Diameter=200mm microwave attenuations plate 6.Suppression diameter plate and microwave attenuation plate are printed on a thickness h=2mm respectively, ε r=2.55's
On the two-sided microwave-medium plates of FR4, dielectric-slab upper surface is printed with diameter=160mm suppression diameter plate；Its lower surface is microwave attenuation
Plate, is printed with Central Symmetry distribution metal patch group.As shown in Figure 3 a and Figure 3 b shows, the paster on microwave attenuation plate is between
Lumped resistance connects them, and the microwave attenuation plate 6 is an important innovations, microstrip transmission line that it is distributed by Central Symmetry and
Lumped Constant Microwave component series and parallel is constituted, and forms the high impedance sorbent surface of an impedance transition mechanism.
The edge of suppression diameter plate 5 is reached in ripple, due to discontinuous, it can scatter remaining microwave energy and around being mapped to space,
Formed to radiation interference.It is directed to remaining electromagnetic wave above it to come microwave attenuation plate 6, continues to transmit, makes to pass through there from it
The ripple crossed is attenuated, no longer to space radiation；It is again simultaneously an impedance transition mechanism device, it is absorbed while not producing in wave energy
Reflection.
Fig. 2 a are a kind of partial cutaway schematic of high-acruracy survey type antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 b are this
A kind of schematic top plan view for high-acruracy survey type antenna that inventive embodiments are provided.As shown in Figure 2 a, suppression diameter plate 5 and microwave attenuation
The diameter of plate 6 can be 200mm；Height between guiding plate 2 and microwave attenuation plate 6 can be 58mm.
As shown in Figure 2 b, support component includes 4 support cylinders, and a support cylinder is connected with a covering of the fan oscillator；Half
The slot of opening cylindrical cavity 4 is spaced a distance setting.
FIG. 3 below a-3b is one embodiment suppression diameter plate schematic diagram.Suppression diameter plate is briefly described secondary, Fig. 3 a are this
A kind of schematic top plan view for suppression diameter plate that inventive embodiments are provided, the metal level of the suppression diameter plate is to employ ε a r=2.55, h
By printing shaping on=2mm microwave-medium plate.Fig. 3 b are that a kind of looking up for suppression diameter plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to.As shown in Figure 3 a, 301, non-metallic through hole, diameter can be 2.7mm；302, non-metallic through hole, diameter can be
2.7mm；303, represent that diameter can be 160mm；304, represent that diameter can be 27.8mm；305, represent diameter 27.8mm with
Region between diameter 160mm retains metal copper foil, and other parts remove metal copper foil.
Below by taking Fig. 4 a-4b as an example, microwave attenuation plate is illustrated.Fig. 4 a are that one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention is micro-
Microstrip line paster is by the way of microwave printing in the schematic top plan view of wave attenuation plate, figure or apposition is in suppression diameter plate microwave-medium
The back side of plate, or be individually attached on another microwave-medium plate.Between microwave resistance welding in the appropriate location of each paster.
In order to protect microwave attenuation plate circuit, one layer of dielectric-slab is attached to thereon.It has selected and be situated between with suppression diameter plate identical in the present embodiment
Matter cover plate.This two layer medium plate is fastenedly connected at edge with screw.Fig. 4 b are that a kind of microwave provided in an embodiment of the present invention declines
Subtract the elevational schematic view of plate.Correspondence installs resistance position excision little groove on dielectric-slab, enables the seamless closure of two plates.
As shown in Figure 4 b, the diameter of microwave attenuation plate can be 200mm；401, represent deep gouge 1mm at 48；Microwave attenuation plate
Two sides all remove metal copper foil.
In another embodiment, by one group of metal patch, the periodic arrangement on band ground medium plate is obtained microwave attenuation plate.
It two is connected by lumped resistance between top-level metallic paster and metal ground plate, two-dimentional high impedance surface is constituted, suppresses surface
Involve clutter radiation.For the purposes of protection microwave attenuation plate circuit, one layer of dielectric-slab can be also attached to.
In one example, the polarization isolation work(sub-module includes two input ports and two output ports；Wherein,
Coaxial inner conductor of two input ports respectively with the support component is connected, output end output RHCP signals and receiver
It is connected, another output end connects 50 Ω absorption resistances, to absorb LHCP signals.
Now, the embodiment of the present invention can be fed without microstrip feed network to oscillator 4 circular polarisation Self Matchings of formation.
Four support cylinders being connected with oscillator are in addition to support, and two of which doubles as coaxial feeder.Feeder line inner wire is connected across to collateral
On strut, with 0 °/180 ° of balanced feeding ' balun ' of offside oscillator formation.As the coaxial core of two support bar bottoms of feeder line
Line (inner wire) is drawn in garden bottom of chamber portion to be connected with two inputs of 3dB/90 ° of polarization isolation work(sub-module 7.Four support cylinder
The broadband circle polarized four-point feed of the oscillator of central radiating element 4 is constituted with 3dB power division networks.Designed by exclusive widening frequency band
With electric capacity, inductance resonance impedance compensation technique, in the case of not external matching network, realize the broadband of feed from
Match somebody with somebody.It is interior in 1.1-1.7MHz bands, within controllable ≤1.3 of standing-wave ratio VSWR of port.There is one at the top of four fan-shaped vibrators
As the metal plate of director, i.e. guiding plate 2, pass through annular dielectric pad (suppression diameter plate 5) insulation coaxial with covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator 3
Install, further adjust its antenna pattern and impedance operator；Drawing (suppression) can be finely adjusted to plate 2 to directional diagram and impedance,
Make up to optimal.
The embodiment of the present invention realizes the dual polarization characteristic of antenna, with general single antenna without polarization filtering characteristic.
3dB/90 ° of polarization isolation work(packing is equipped with 4 ports, and two enter end and are connected respectively with cable inner core in support cylinder, and remaining two
Individual output end, an output RHCP signal is connected with receiver, it is another go out end connect 50 Ω absorption resistances, thus it drawing
LHCP signal absorptions.This power division network is different from general 3dB power splitters, and it not only realizes power distribution and 90 ° of phase shifts
Outside, moreover it is possible to which orthogonally polarized component LHCP is absorbed, the interference to receiver direct signal is prevented；The present invention is further improved to implement
The anti-multipath performance of example antenna.
In one example, 2 support cylinders of the support component double as coaxial feeder, and feeder line inner wire is connected across pair
On the inner wire of side support cylinder, offside support cylinder is the short-circuit coaxial line of open circuit, the perceptual end presented by the coaxial line
Impedance and the capacitive reactances formed between the coaxial inner conductor and outer conductor is overlapped on, is tuned to series resonance, realizes overlap joint
Line is connected with the microwave of offside oscillator, forms 0 °/180 ° of balanced feeding.Wherein, appropriate position on two feeding coaxial lines center lines
Impedance matching section of one section of diameter different from center line, the RF stubs formed with offside and distributed reactance collective effect are equipped with,
Without external matching network, Self Matching of the inventive antenna feeding coaxial lines to 50 Ω coaxial lines is realized.
In one example, the antenna also includes noiselike signal module；Wherein, the noiselike signal module and institute
State polarization work(sub-module and constitute active antenna.
In this step, the antenna in the embodiment of the present invention can not only be used for passive antenna and use, again can be with preselection filter
Combine to form active antenna with LNA；As direct by an output end RHCP of polarization isolation work(sub-module 7 during passive antenna
RF delivery outlets 8 are connected to draw；It is used as active antenna, an output end RHCP and wave filter and the LNA of polarization isolation work(sub-module 7
Module 9 is connected, and the output end of LNA modules 9 is connected to RF delivery outlets, then is connected by a cable with receiver.
In one example, the antenna also includes antenna house；Wherein, the antenna house is used to protect antenna body.
The antenna of the embodiment of the present invention has a wave transparent antenna house 1 being made up of the firm fibrous composite of glass, passes through bottom
The screw of portion's flange is connected with antenna microwave decay board component 6.The antenna house 1 protects antenna body, it is to avoid direct with the external world
Contact, adds antenna impact resistant, anti-vibration, shock proof ability.Also isolated by seal washer drench with rain, sand and dust, moisture,
It is saline and alkaline etc., meet GJB150 pertinent regulations.
In addition, the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is only by connecing a seal socket on the bottom plate of antenna house 1 (TNC (F)) and reception
Machine RF connections；Only it is connected simultaneously by the screw (5/8-11) of cover bottom centre with Module of aerial.
In one example, the antenna can be used as high-acruracy survey type GNSS user's compatible receiver antenna or network
RTK antenna for base station or the GNSS reception systems for having high accuracy positioning demand.It may extend to the radio reception of similar requirement
System etc..
The application second aspect provides a kind of high-acruracy survey type equipment, including the as above high accuracy survey described in any one
Amount type antenna.
Antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is different from short-circuit annulus Circular microstrip patch antenna, is also different from and uses both at home and abroad
2D/3D chokes loop antenna and TOPCON half spherical scatterer GNSS reception antennas, the Zephyr-2 also different from Trimble
Antenna.Pioneering microwave attenuation board component instead of the conventional 3D- choke coils in home and abroad, structure letter with suppression diameter plate collective effect
Single, light small, low cost；And with efficient flat mouth face Feed Design theory, realize the antenna stabilization phase heart, the phase of phase heart space normalizing
Frequency characteristic.
Antenna in the embodiment of the present invention, has the advantages that：
1, suppress the approaches and methods of multipath and interference entirely different with before this.Not using short-circuit annulus circular microstrip
Paster antenna, does not also use widely used 2D/3D chokes ring structure.The antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is creatively to design
Microwave attenuation board component, and microwave attenuation plate organically combined with suppression diameter plate, is close to install microwave below suppression diameter plate and declines
Subtract board component, by microwave attenuation board component again to the energy decays by it, prevent it from radiating, restrained effectively table
Noise jamming is involved in face, improves the efficiency of antenna anti-multipath jamming.Compared with Choke Ring loop antennas, this antenna structure is more
Lightly, it is more compact, it is more inexpensive, it is also stable with the more excellent phase heart, and space regression nature；
2, hemispheric beam radiation is formed using general radiating element plus metal ground plate, but is justified by half opening
Ring cavity covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator is realized.By to half opening garden chamber diameter and the deep adjustment of chamber, adjusting oscillator and waveguide intermode
Crosslinking, reaches the hemispheric beam of predetermined beams width.It not only realizes the figuration of directional diagram.The day of the embodiment of the present invention
Line belongs to short and small antenna, complete centrosymmetric structure, and flat mouth footpath surface radiation is beneficial to phase center and the phase heart space of stabilization in addition
Regression nature, makes its invention antenna have more excellent phase-frequency characteristic and the stable radiation phase heart；
3, complete centrosymmetric structure brings antenna pattern circular symmetry and wide-angle circular polarisation.In entirely navigation frequency range
In (1.1-1.7GHz), the single lobe of the total space is realized substantially, exceed -30dB other back lobe without level, in the range of 30dB
The main polarization coverings of single RHCP are realized, heart-shaped hemisphere RHCP circular polarisation wave beams are formed；
4, be using the further beneficial effect of such scheme：Antenna broadband Self Matching is realized without allotting network.This hair
Line central radiating element will be made up of 4 orthogonal broadband covering of the fan oscillators tomorrow, belong to short, short antenna, pass through exclusive broadening frequency
Band design and electric capacity, inductance resonance impedance compensation technique, in the case of not external matching network, realize the broadband of feed
Self Matching.Interior, port controllable ≤1.2 of standing-wave ratio VSWR in 1.1-1.7MHz bands.Fully met the shared multifrequency of many stars, it is many
Mould application requirement；
5, be using the further beneficial effect of such scheme：Reduce feeder loss, realize polarization filtering.The present invention
The antenna distinguishing feature of embodiment is that feeding network does not use microwave-medium expanded metals network, but with coaxial 0 °/180 ° of feed
' Balun '+3dB/90 ° of polarization isolation work(separating devices are constituted.The exclusive circular polarisation feeder equipment of the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, no
Only realize to 4 circular polarisation feeds of radiation center unit formation, moreover it is possible to isolate cross polarization (LHCP) component.The feeder equipment
Exclusive is characterized in compact conformation, and integrated level is high, and feed RF losses are low and easily integrated with antenna and receiver.
Antenna has the advantages that relative to similar antenna in the embodiment of the present invention：
1, the broadband oscillator design without allotment makes antenna that there is broadband to be suitable for and many stars, multimode GNSS is compatible connects
Receipts machine adapted.Micro-strip paster antenna and four-arm spiral antenna are commonly conventional GPS antennas, belong to mode of resonance antenna,
It is adapted to single-frequency or narrowband operation.Antenna in the embodiment of the present invention realizes broadband Self Matching characteristic, i.e., without additional allotment net
Network, interior in 1.1GHz-1.6GHz bands, VSWR is smaller than 1.2：1；
2, complete Central Symmetry design makes antenna radiation pattern have good circular symmetry and good wide-angle circular polarisation
Characteristic.The antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is complete center circle symmetrical structure, and antenna pattern circle is symmetrical, in ± 60 ° of work
In angular domain, circle asymmetry≤± 0.5dB；Wide-angle circular polarisation, in ± 60 ° of work angular domain, AR≤2dB；
3, the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, which is noteworthy characterized by, creatively devises microwave attenuation board component, effectively presses down
Multipath and interference have been made, and antenna is become lighter, it is smaller, more simply.The decay board component by centrosymmetric microstrip line with
The microwave device series and parallel composition of lumped parameter, forms the high resistance grounding face of an impedance transition mechanism, it is with earth plate group
Close the interference to received field that restrained effectively multipath and clutter, surface wave etc..Greatly suppress multipath effect, the side of realizing
Roll-offed to the height of figure, it is high before and after than and good wide-angle circular polarization characteristics.This has not been only reached is imitated using the anti-multipath of Ckoke rings
Really, and in band spread and light small, the compact aspect of structure it is better than Choke loop antennas；
4, the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is another to be noteworthy characterized by：There is sufficiently stable radiating phase center.Entirely leading
In frequency range of navigating, phase heart dispersion PCV (1 σ) is less than 1mm, and the phase heart is held essentially constant with frequency, has more preferable phase frequency special
Property, smaller group delay variations disclosure satisfy that the higher demand of higher precision carrier phase measurement type receiver antenna；
5, the projecting point of antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is：Antenna has double-circle polarization characteristic.The feeder equipment of antenna is not
Only realize to four point RHCP circular polarisation of central radiating element feed, also for it is preceding provided to primary event and scattering and receiver every
From derotation LHCP passages, this exclusive polarization filtering performance, be effectively isolated before to once multipath signal dock collect mail number
Interference.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are these are only, are not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Any modification within the spirit and principles of the invention, being made,
Equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high stable phase of microwave attenuation type, high-precision GNSS measurement type antenna, it is characterised in that the antenna includes covering of the fan
Cross-shaped oscillator, half opening cylindrical cavity, suppression diameter plate, microwave attenuation plate, guiding plate and polarization isolation work(sub-module；Wherein,
The half opening cylindrical cavity bottom central zones are provided with 4 support cylinder components, and the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator includes 4 lists
First oscillator, each unit oscillator is installed on the top of a support cylinder, and keeps away from bottom of chamber with high；
The conductor guiding plate is installed, the conductor guiding plate shakes with the covering of the fan cross at the top of the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator
Son passes through a coaxial insulating mounting of medium annulus；
The suppression diameter plate spaced a predetermined distance and is coaxially installed on the bottom surface of half opening cylindrical cavity, and by support cylinder component with
Half opening cylindrical cavity keeps microwave ground potential；The microwave attenuation plate abuts and is arranged at the suppression diameter plate bottom surface；The suppression diameter plate
It is printed on respectively on microwave-medium plate with microwave attenuation plate, it is coaxial two-by-two to be mounted to an independent microwave module；
The polarization isolation work(sub-module is arranged at the bottom of the microwave attenuation plate.
2. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator is made up of 4 unit oscillators；Its
In, any cell oscillator is nearly 90 ° of 1 sector angle and the obtuse-angulate fan-shaped metal plate anchorage of bending, and 4 unit oscillators are placed in a water
In plane, horizontal center line pairwise orthogonal, two orthogonal covering of the fan oscillators are realized by described support stalk component and fed.
3. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the geometry of the regulation covering of the fan cross-shaped oscillator and support
The diameter and depth of height and the half opening cylindrical cavity, to control the amplitude and phase of aperture radiation, make upper half-space spoke
Penetrate directional diagram and reach expected figuration requirement, the figuration requires to include bandwidth, gain, covering angular domain, wide-angle circular polarisation
With phase center and phase-frequency characteristic.
4. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that half opening cylindrical cavity spaced set at its opening
Axial slot；Slot is smaller than λ/4, and the length of slot adjusts the spacing of slot and the length of slot, with most close to λ/4
Suppress the generation and radiation of clutter residue ring side electric current excellently.
5. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the combination of the suppression diameter plate and the microwave attenuation plate
Into an absolute construction module, the superpower suppression to interference such as diffracted wave and multipath signals is realized；The suppression diameter plate is diameter
Slightly larger than the circular metal plate of the half opening cylindrical cavity diameter, the suppression diameter plate radiates to form first of suppression to multipath signal and clutter
Defence line processed, the microwave attenuation plate is next to below the suppression diameter plate, transmission and radiation to remaining diffracted signal and clutter
Form second and suppress defence line, to realize superpower anti-multipath and interference free performance；
Described microwave attenuation plate is by one group of Central Symmetry distribution, micro-strip with different size and shape on microwave-medium plate
Paster and coupled microwave lump component series and parallel composition, to form the magnetic impedance surface of gradual change, are prevented remaining miscellaneous
The transmission and radiation of ripple, further suppress multipath signal and clutter.
6. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that structural support and microwave feed it is optimal merge, without outer
Put feeding network and realize its Self Matching；4 support cylinders double as RF coaxial lines, wherein 2 are feeding coaxial lines, in addition 2
Individual is auxiliary coaxial line；The inner wire extension of two feed coaxial feeders is connected across offside support cylinder and as auxiliary coaxial line
On inner wire, two offside support cylinders auxiliary coaxial line is the short-circuit coaxial line of open-end, passes through the perception of the coaxial line
Terminal impedance, and the capacitive reactances that the inner wire of the coaxial line termination and the cylinder end as outer conductor are formed is overlapped on, adjust
It is humorous to realize microwave to series resonance, overlap joint line and the covering of the fan oscillator short circuit being connected on offside support cylinder and connect, formation
0 °/180 ° of balanced feeding；
Pre-determined bit is equipped with impedance matching section of one section of diameter different from center line on two feeding coaxial lines center lines, is formed with offside
RF stubs and distributed reactance collective effect, without external matching network, realize antenna feed coaxial pair 50 Ω
The Self Matching of coaxial line.
7. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that as four support components and the polarization isolation work(of RF coaxial lines
Sub-module is combined, and the antenna is had dual polarization filtering characteristic；The polarization isolation work(sub-module is substantially a 3dB/
90 ° of hybrid radio component, the polarization isolation work(sub-module includes two input ports and two output ports；Wherein,
Two input ports are connected with the feed coaxial inner conductor of the support component respectively, and an output end exports RHCP signals
It is connected with receiver, another output end connects 50 Ω absorption resistances, to absorb LHCP signals.
8. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the antenna also includes noiselike signal module, it and pole
Change isolation work(sub-module and connect and compose active antenna, directly can be connected with GNSS receiver.
9. antenna according to claim 1, in addition to antenna house, the antenna house are used to protect antenna body.
10. a kind of high-acruracy survey type equipment, it is characterised in that including the microwave attenuation as described in claim 1-9 any one
The high stable phase of type, high-precision GNSS measurement type antenna.
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