CN102224083B - 冲撞保护包装 - Google Patents

冲撞保护包装 Download PDF

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CN102224083B
CN102224083B CN200980146278.7A CN200980146278A CN102224083B CN 102224083 B CN102224083 B CN 102224083B CN 200980146278 A CN200980146278 A CN 200980146278A CN 102224083 B CN102224083 B CN 102224083B
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杰弗里.G.皮特
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Protective Packaging Systems Europe Ltd
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    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D2581/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D2581/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
    • B65D2581/05—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents
    • B65D2581/051—Details of packaging elements for maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents
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Abstract

一种热成形包装箱，具有位于各端处的四个壁凸缘(5-8)，箱子处于装配状态时这些壁凸缘通过脊在槽内的嵌合彼此边与边邻接，以在端部相互互锁和冲撞吸收箱子的封闭物。各边缘具有沿边缘并排延伸的带居间槽的脊花纹(9-12)，并且每两个凸缘(6、7)的边缘与另外两个凸缘(5、8)的边缘的嵌合通过使脊-槽花纹(10、11)侧向位移或偏移花纹的半间距实现。通过从箱壁(21)内表面(22)向内突出以弹性挤压到箱内物体上的凸起或缓冲器(20)来缓冲物体免遭冲撞。每个缓冲器(20)被热成形成具有凹陷(24)和隆起(25)包围的顶表面(23)以提供吸收冲撞的弹性。对装配状态的闭合箱子的锁定涉及铰接到侧壁(3，33)的转板(13，41)。箱子顶壁(34)闭合到侧壁(33)上使顶壁(34)凸起(39)进入侧壁(33)凹进(40)内，然后通过折叠翻转转板(41)使凸起(42)进入热成形凸起(39)的反向凹进(43)中。凸起(42)进入凹进(43)中与卡扣作用一起实现对闭合转板(41)的三重锁定。

Description

冲撞保护包装
技术领域
本发明涉及包装，并且尤其涉及用于保护物品以在储存和运输过程中避免损坏和冲撞的包装。 
背景技术
为了在储存和运输过程中对诸如电子部件等进行保护采用了各种包装方法。这些方法，除了通常为劳动密集型以外，还通常包括大笔费用成本，以及例如纸板箱和装在纸板箱中的特别设计的塑料泡沫制品和褶皱纸板制品的形式的包装制品的材料资源。 
在GB-A-2414728中描述了一种形式的包装箱，其在使用中可以具有环境和经济上的优势。所描述的矩形包装箱是具有四个壁的热成形的塑料板结构，所述四个壁铰接在一起，从而在安装所述箱时围绕被保护的一个或多个物品从平面折叠起来。这些壁在箱子的每一端处具有凸缘，在装配好的箱子中这些凸缘会变成彼此边与边相邻接。这些凸缘的邻接边缘分别形成有沿各边缘彼此并排延伸的脊和槽，并且在装配好的箱子中这些脊和槽与邻接的其它凸缘的一个或多个边缘以脊在槽内的方式相嵌合。这种相互的脊在槽内的嵌合对于互锁邻接的末端凸缘以及对于缓冲或吸收它们之间的冲撞都是有效的。以这种方式，对于用于保护装入的一个或多个物体的箱子的完整性起到了重大的作用。 
但是，已知形式的包装箱在所有凸缘之间实际上可实现脊在槽内的相互嵌合的有益效果的程度方面的存在局限性。在所描述的情况下，两个彼此相对的凸缘的边缘上的脊和槽不适合于在它们之间实现嵌合，因为这两个凸缘的边缘之间存在脊与脊的对准，而不是嵌合所需要的脊与槽的对准。结果在那两个凸缘的边缘之间存在间隙，造成未实现互锁的有益效果以及对凸缘边缘之间的冲撞的直接缓冲或吸收的缺陷。 
发明内容
 本发明的目的之一是提供一种形式的热成形包装箱，通过这种形式的热成形的包装箱可以克服以上缺陷。 
依据本发明，提供了一种热成形的包装箱，该包装箱具有相互边与边相邻接的壁，所述壁之间相互发生脊在槽内的嵌合，邻接的边缘中的每一个形成有沿边缘并排延伸的具有居间槽的脊，并且其中沿至少一个壁的边缘延伸的带居间槽的脊的花纹包括侧向位移或偏移，通过该侧向位移或偏移，沿着边缘的第一部分的脊和槽分别与沿着边缘的第二部分的槽和脊对准。 
沿着边缘的花纹的侧向位移或偏移使该边缘能够与另外两个壁的边缘在边与边邻接中接合成脊完全在槽内相嵌合，否则这将是不可能的。更具体而言，在具有四个壁的情况下，第一对边缘彼此之间以及第一对边缘与第二对边缘之间的脊在槽内的嵌合，可通过在第二对边缘中的每一个中并入带居间槽的脊的图形的一个侧向位移或偏移来实现。作为备选，通过在第二对边缘的每一个中并入两个侧向位移或偏移可达到相同的结果。 
可以使壁在内侧凹进以在箱子外面提供阶梯状的、冲撞缓冲或吸收凸起。而且，包装箱可包括弹性凸起或缓冲器，该弹性凸起或缓冲器在一个或多个箱壁上形成，从一个或多个壁向箱子内部凸起，以便于在接触该箱内的一个或多个物体时向该一个或多个物体施加弹性约束。 
依据本发明的另一个方面，提供了热成形包装箱，向在箱内装有的一个或多个物体提供保护以抵抗冲撞，其中这种保护的至少一部分是通过在箱子的一个或多个壁上形成的弹性凸起或缓冲器提供的，该弹性凸起或缓冲器从一个或多个壁向箱子内凸起，从而与箱内的一个或多个物体相接触，以便于向这些物体施加弹性约束。 
在后一方面，每个缓冲器突出超过其各自的壁的程度可对于所有缓冲器都是相同的，但也可以是对于一个缓冲器与对于另一个是不同的。通过适当地选择在箱子内的一个位置到另一个位置处缓冲器凸起的程度和凸起的变化，箱子可很容易适用于容纳不规则形状的物体，并且实际上可适用于在同一个箱子内同时容纳不同尺寸和/或形状的物体。 
依据本发明进一步的方面，提供了热成形组件，其中锁定转板被铰接到该组件的第一部分，用于在组件的第一部分和第二部分之间建立锁定闭合，该第二部分具有凸起，该凸起在第一和第二部分闭合在一起时，进入第一部分的凹进，并且在转板上的凸起适用于通过所述转板的依铰链转动被卡扣到第二部分上的凸起的反向凹进中，从而实现锁定闭合。 
附图说明
现在通过举例，参考附图，描述依据本发明的不同方面的热成形包装箱，其中： 
图1是依据本发明的热成形包装箱的透视图，在其装配好的状态下用于向其中包含的一个或更多物体提供保护； 
图2是一件式热成形板的平面图，图1中的包装箱是通过折叠该一件式热成形板装配成的； 
图3和图4是脊-槽花纹的横截面图的示意性表示图，图3中在所述花纹之间发生了脊在槽内的嵌合，图4中在所述花纹之间不可能发生脊在槽内的嵌合； 
图5是在图1的包装箱中依照本发明利用的脊-槽花纹的示图； 
图6是在图1的包装箱内依照本发明所用的典型的弹性凸起或缓冲器的外形的示图； 
图7是沿图2的线VII-VII截取的截面； 
图8是一件式热成形板的平面图，依据本发明的第二包装箱是通过折叠该一件式热成形板装配成的； 
图9是沿图8的IX-IX线截取的截面；以及 
图10说明了锁闭第二包装箱的次序中连续的阶段(a)到(d)。 
具体实施方式
参考图1，本实例的装配起来的包装箱具有细长的矩形形式，是通过围绕一个或多个要保护的物体(未示出)进行折叠而由图2中示出的一件式热成形板(例如由聚丙烯制成)装配成的。再一方面，也参考图2，该箱子具有被纵向地铰接在一起的四个基本成矩形的壁，即底壁1、两个相对的侧壁2和3，以及顶壁4。壁1至壁4分别具有从它们的两端直立起来的凸缘5至凸缘8。在每个末端处的凸缘5至凸缘8的上部边缘被配置成各自具有带居间槽的脊的花纹9至12，该脊和居间槽沿边缘彼此并排延伸。 
将箱子从图2的平面状态装配到图1所示的装配状态的操作，是通过从底壁1向上折叠侧壁2，然后在侧壁3已经被从底壁1向上折叠时将顶壁4从侧壁2向下折叠到侧壁3上完成的。以这种方式将整体铰接的壁1至壁4 折叠到一起，使凸缘5至凸缘8彼此间形成边与边的邻接。凸缘5到凸缘8各自的边缘具有曲线外形，该曲线外形贯穿与该凸缘形成边到边邻接的其它凸缘5至8中每一个的边缘外形部分，与其它凸缘的外形严密匹配，使得箱子的两端闭合。在这种彻底装配好的和闭合的状态下，通过被整体铰接到侧壁3的转板13与顶壁4的弹性接合，该箱子被锁闭。 
在每个凸缘5至8和与其形成边到边邻接的那些凸缘中的每一个之间的边与边邻接，对于通过相互的脊在槽内的嵌合将它们互锁起来是有效的。更具体地，这种互锁和嵌合分别在凸缘5和8的脊-槽花纹9和12之间发生，还分别在凸缘6和7的花纹10和11中的每一个与凸缘5和8的花纹9和12中的每一个之间发生。为了使凸缘5和8的花纹9和12能够与彼此发生脊在槽内地互锁，它们相对于彼此侧向偏移半个标准花纹间距。这通过图3示意性地说明，而图4说明了在没有这样的偏移的情况下不可能发生互锁。 
但是，每个凸缘6和7将要与两个凸缘5和8互锁，依据本发明，这样做所造成的潜在问题，正如图5中示意性说明的，是通过将过渡段T引入到凸缘6和7的脊-槽花纹10和11中来克服的。过渡段T在每个花纹10和11中并入了沿邻接边缘中途的长度为半个间距的侧向位移或偏移，结果沿花纹的一半的脊与沿另一半的槽对准。这因此允许在每个凸缘6和7与两个凸缘5和8之间能够发生所需要的脊在槽内的互锁，并且确保实现对冲撞的增强的缓冲或吸收，以保护所装入的一个或更多物体。 
应该体会到的是，并非在凸缘6和7的花纹中，而是在凸缘5和8的脊-槽花纹中可并入产生半间距侧向偏移的过渡段T，以在箱的两端处均获得所需的互锁。 
再次参考图1和图2，包装箱的壁1至4中的每一个包括在箱子外侧的凸起14，该凸起是由箱子内侧上形成的环形结构的凹进15产生的。凹进15具有直径随深度递减的分层或阶梯状的形式，用于对箱子和其装入的一个或多个物体进行缓冲，以抵抗冲撞。此外，对一个或多个物体的缓冲通过弹性凸起或缓冲器20提供，该弹性凸起或缓冲器从壁1的内侧向箱子内侧凸起。通过图6说明了在箱子的代表性壁21上形成的缓冲器20的实例的外形。 
参考图6，每个缓冲器20是在箱子的各自的壁21中加热形成的，突出超过壁21的内表面22一段距离Y。缓冲器20的上表面23接触所装的物体，以支撑该物体从表面22离开。具有在壁21内的周围凹陷24和隆起25的缓 冲器模的结构，为所支撑的物体的冲撞吸收保护提供了弹性。 
在箱子装有的物体大到足以填满箱子内的空间的情况下，物体将挤压壁21的内表面22，缓冲器20以及相同形式的其它部分将被弹性压缩成顶部表面23向下缩回到表面22的水平面这样一个程度。对于任意的较小的物体，缓冲器20的顶部表面23以及相同形式的其它部分将在表面22的上方与表面22间隔开，支撑物体从该表面离开。 
现在还参考图7，底壁1的内表面具有位于中心的矩形底座区域26，该矩形底座区域26沿壁1的两个纵向边缘通过阶梯17向上升起。具有脊-槽边缘结构的端凸缘5从区域26向上升起，并且两个较大的环状凹进15被允许在该区域26中。凹进15中的每一个为直径随深度逐渐减小的分层形式，以提供对冲撞的缓冲。它们还增强了由壁1的阶梯27和凸缘5，以及其它壁2至4的相应特征提供的加固作用。 
具有底座区域26的顶壁4以与底壁1基本相同的方式配置，并且侧壁2和3被配置成在它们的底座区域29和30中分别具有凹进15。缓冲器20被设置在所有底座区域24、26、27和28中。 
除了由壁1至4的其它特征以其他方式提供的冲撞保护以外，在提供冲撞保护时缓冲器装置的有效性取决于缓冲器20从其壁的底座区域24、26、27和28向上突出的程度。在标准状况下，缓冲器20在进行保护以抵抗正常处理和运输冲撞时提供了主要的冲撞吸收功能，而由包括凹进15的其它特征提供的次要冲撞吸收功能，与缓冲器20协力起到保护作用以抵抗主要撞击。 
以上在图6的缓冲器20的结构的上下文中描述了弹性缓冲器的应用，其中环形隆起25位于壁21的内表面22的下面。对于这种结构，例如，距离Y可以为4mm，并且缓冲器的总体直径可以为大约25mm，具有直径6mm的顶部表面23和直径10mm的隆起25。但是，缓冲器的结构可与图6的结构不同。例如，隆起25本身可从壁21的内表面22向上凸起2mm，以便有可能提供不同特性的主冲撞保护。而且，可提供多于仅一个的环形隆起25，而且/或者顶部表面23可具有增长的直径，例如在直径为18mm的隆起内的直径为14mm的顶部表面。 
如上所述，图1的箱子通过转板13与顶壁4的弹性接合被锁闭成彻底装配好的状态。这种锁定的形式，尤其是提供三重锁闭特征的形式将在为另 一个包装箱提供的一件式热成形板的上下文中描述，并在图8和9中说明。 
参考图8和9，本实例中的箱子具有被纵向铰接在一起的四个基本上为矩形的壁，即，底壁1、侧壁32和33以及顶壁34。为了从图8的平面形式装配箱子，侧壁32和33被从底壁31向上折叠，然后顶壁34从壁32依铰链翻转以闭合到壁33上。此刻箱子处于闭合状态，壁31至34的末端凸缘35到38分别通过相互的脊在槽内的嵌合与彼此相邻接。将箱子锁定到闭合是通过图10中说明的(a)到(d)四个阶段顺序执行的(该顺序是按照在剖面线IX-IX上出现的顺序说明)。 
参考图10的阶段(a)，将顶壁34闭合到侧壁33上伴随着从壁34的内侧凸起的对称定位的热成形凸起39进入到壁33内侧的各凹进40中。如图10的阶段(b)所说明的，随着凸起39被完全深入地推挤在凹进40内，被铰接到壁33的锁定转板41被折叠翻转成与壁33和34之间的连接处交迭。图10的阶段(c)说明了向下折叠转板41，使对称定位的热成形凸起42与被推进到凹进40中的凸起39对准，其中对称定位的热成形凸起42从被折叠翻转的转板41的底侧凸起。更具体地，这种对准使凸起42迎面进入热成形凸起39的壁34外侧上的反向凹进43中。在图10的阶段(d)，凸起42被深入地推挤进凹进43内，以致于那里的弹性保持(retention)将箱子锁定成牢固的闭合状态。通过与进入其凹进43的反面凹进(undercut)中的卡扣作用干涉配合的每个凸起42的效力，增强了将箱子保持在锁定状态下的保持力；热成形材料的弹性有助于卡扣作用。 

Claims (10)

1.一种热成形包装箱，包括端部具有凸缘的壁，所述凸缘形成相互边到边相邻接，所述凸缘之间相互产生脊在槽内的嵌合，所述凸缘的相邻接边缘中的每一个形成有沿该边缘并排延伸的带居间槽的脊，并且其中沿至少两个凸缘中各凸缘的边缘延伸的带居间槽的脊的花纹包括侧向偏移，由于这种侧向偏移，沿边缘的第一部分的脊和槽分别与沿该边缘第二部分的槽和脊对准。
2.如权利要求1所述的热成形包装箱，其中所述壁上的凸缘具有曲线的边缘外形。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的热成形包装箱，其中所述壁为矩形，并且所述凸缘从所述壁的末端直立起来。
4.如权利要求3所述的热成形包装箱，其中所述壁彼此纵向铰接，以便于从平面形式装配所述包装箱。
5.如权利要求1所述的热成形包装箱，其中所述包装箱具有四个凸缘，并且第一对所述凸缘的边缘彼此之间存在脊在槽内的邻接，并且其中第二对所述凸缘中的每一个包括对带居间槽的脊的花纹进行的侧向偏移，以便于在第二对所述凸缘中的每一个凸缘与第一对所述凸缘中的每一个凸缘之间能发生脊在槽内的邻接。
6.如权利要求1所述的热成形包装箱，其中所述壁在内侧上有凹进，以提供用于冲撞缓冲的阶梯状凸起。
7.如权利要求1所述的热成形包装箱，包括在所述箱子的一个或多个所述壁上形成的缓冲器，该缓冲器从一个或多个所述壁向箱子内部凸起，以便于在接触所述箱子内的一个或多个物体时对所述一个或多个物体施加弹性约束。
8.如权利要求7所述的热成形包装箱，其中对于所有缓冲器，每个缓冲器超出其各自的壁凸起的程度均相同。
9.如权利要求7所述的热成形包装箱，其中在不同的缓冲器之间，缓冲器超出它们各自的壁凸起的程度不同。
10.如权利要求1所述的热成形包装箱，其中锁定转板被铰接到所述壁的第一个上，以在该第一壁和所述壁中的第二个之间建立锁定闭合，该第二壁具有在将所述第一壁和第二壁闭合在一起时进入所述第一壁的凹进的凸起，并且所述转板上的凸起适于：通过所述转板的依铰链转动致使所述转板上的所述凸起嵌合到所述第二壁上的凸起的逆向凹进中，实现锁定闭合。
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EP2358604B1 (en) 2012-12-05
CA2739680C (en) 2016-12-13
KR20110086556A (ko) 2011-07-28
KR20110095256A (ko) 2011-08-24
GB2483015A (en) 2012-02-22
CA2739681C (en) 2017-03-14
RU2568175C2 (ru) 2015-11-10
RU2011118510A (ru) 2012-11-20
JP2012505127A (ja) 2012-03-01
GB2464388B (en) 2011-06-22
KR101679439B1 (ko) 2016-11-24
GB0818508D0 (en) 2008-11-19
CN102216173A (zh) 2011-10-12
US8662307B2 (en) 2014-03-04

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