CN102217646B - 用于耐性或抗性油菜作物的除草剂组合物 - Google Patents
用于耐性或抗性油菜作物的除草剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102217646B CN102217646B CN2011100941266A CN201110094126A CN102217646B CN 102217646 B CN102217646 B CN 102217646B CN 2011100941266 A CN2011100941266 A CN 2011100941266A CN 201110094126 A CN201110094126 A CN 201110094126A CN 102217646 B CN102217646 B CN 102217646B
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- hectare
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- weed killer
- crop
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Abstract
用于控制耐性或抗性突变体型或转基因油菜作物中的有害植物或者用于调控油菜植物生长的除草混剂(A)+(B),如需要还含有安全剂。
Description
本分案申请是基于申请号为99810861.8,申请日为1999年8月11日,发明名称为“用于耐性或抗性油菜作物的除草剂组合物”的原始中国专利申请的分案申请。
本发明涉及用于防除耐性或抗性油菜作物中的有害植物的作物保护组合物,该组合物包括作为除草活性成分的两种或多种除草剂的混合物。
耐性或抗性油菜作物变种和品系,特别是转基因油菜作物变种和品系的引入,可以使本身对普通油菜作物变种没有选择性的新活性物质加入到常规杂草控制系统中。活性物质是,例如,已知的广谱除草剂如草甘膦,草硫膦,草铵膦,双丙氨膦和咪唑啉酮类除草剂[除草剂(A)],目前它们可用于对其产生耐性的作物上。这些除草剂防除耐性作物中的有害植物的活性水平高,但类似其它除草剂的处理需考虑施用的除草剂性质,施用量,上述除草剂的剂型,需控制的有害植物,气候和土壤条件等。而且,这些除草剂表现出对某些种类的有害植物没有防除作用(零效应)。另一个指标是持效期,或除草剂的降解速率。如必要,还必须考虑的其它因素是除草剂长期施用或分布的影响而造成的有害植物每感性变化。不论何种原因造成的对某种植物的活性丧失,均可以通过提高除草剂的施用量来得到一定程度的弥补。此外,总是需要这样的方法,即它可以较低的活性成分施用量而获得除草效果。较低的施用量不仅是指需要施用的活性成分量减少,通常还包括减少所需助剂的用量。因此既可以降低经济成本,还可以提高除草剂处理的生态耐受性。改进一种除草剂使用方式的可能性是将该活性组分与一种或多种其它活性成分混合,这种混合产生所需的其它性质。然而,当几种活性物质混合使用时,经常发生的现象是物理和生物学上不相容,例如协同制剂的稳定性差,活性成分降解或活性成分拮抗。相比之下,理想的活性成分混剂是它具有满意的活性谱、高稳定性以及可产生最高水平的增效活性,并因此与将混合的活性成分的单一用量比较降低了施用量。
令人惊奇的是,目前发现,当用于油菜作物时,可将上述广谱除草剂(A)组中的活性物质与(A)组中的其它除草剂,以及,如必要,与以特别有利的方式产生增效作用的某些除草剂(B)混合,其中油菜作物是指适于上述首先提到的除草剂的选择性应用的那些。
因此本发明目的是除草混剂在控制油菜作物中有害植物中的应用,其中该除草混剂含有增效有效量的
(A)选自下列一组化合物的广谱除草剂
(A1)结构式(A1)化合物
其中Z是结构式-OH基团或结构式-NHCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH3)COOH或-NHCH(CH3)CONHCH[CH2CH(CH3)2]COOH所示的肽残基,及其酯和盐,优选草铵膦及其与酸和碱生成的盐,特别是草铵膦铵盐,L-草铵膦或其盐,双丙氨膦和它与酸和碱的盐,以及其它phosphinothricin衍生物,
(A2)结构式(A2)化合物及其酯和盐,
优选草甘膦和它的碱金属盐或与胺形成的盐,特别是草甘膦异丙胺盐,以及草硫膦,
(A3)咪唑啉酮类除草剂,优选咪唑乙烟酸,咪唑烟酸,咪草酸,咪草酸(imazamethabenz-methyl),咪唑喹啉酸,咪草啶酸,imazapic(AC 263,222)以及它们的盐和
(A4)选自原卟啉原氧化酶抑制剂(PPO抑制剂)的除草性唑类化合物,如WC9717(=CGA276854),
以及
(B)选自下列一组化合物一种或多种除草剂
(B0)一种或多种与上述(A)组除草剂结构不同的除草剂和/或
(B1)茎叶和土壤处理除草剂,它们可有效地防除单子叶和双子叶有害植物和/或
(B2)主要为茎叶处理除草剂,它可有效地防除双子叶有害植物和/或
(B3)主要为茎叶处理除草剂,它可以特别有效地防除单子叶有害植物和/或
(B4)茎叶和土壤处理除草剂,它可以有效地主要防除单子叶有害植物,
且油菜作物对混剂中含有的除草剂(A)和(B)具有耐受性,如必要,混剂中还含有安全剂。
(B0)组中使用的表述“与上述除草剂(A)结构不同的除草剂”仅包括(A)组定义的除草剂,但不是上述除草混剂中的组分(A)。
本发明的除草混剂还可进一步加入其它作物保护剂和作物保护中常用的添加剂以及制剂助剂。
化合物用它们的通用名表示并记载在“农药手册”第11版,英国作物保护协会(British Crop Protection Council)1997(下文简称为“PM”)中。此外本发明除草混剂还可加入其它作物保护活性成分和作物保护中常用的制剂助剂和添加剂。
当活性成分(A)和(B)结合使用时,可以观察到增效作用,而且当活性成分在不同时间(分开)使用时,也可以观察到增效作用。另一种方法是分成几部分(连续施用)施用除草剂或除草混剂,例如在苗前施用后,苗后再次施用或在苗后早期施用后,在苗后中期或后期再次施用。优选将上述混剂中的活性成分同时施用,如需要可多次施用。然而,还可以在不同时间施用混剂中的每种活性成分,这在个别情况下是有利的。还可以在施用该混剂时结合其它作物保护剂如杀菌剂,杀虫剂,杀螨剂等,和/或各种添加剂,助剂和/或肥料的施用。
增效作用可以降低单一活性成分的施用量,相同施用量的混剂对防除同样种类的有害植物可获得更佳的除草效果,控制的杂草种类扩展到目前尚不能防除的(零效应)有害植物,延长使用适期和/或减少所 需施用次数和-对于使用者而言-经济和生态上更有利的杂草控制系统。
例如,本发明(A)+(B)混剂的增效作用远远地并意想不到地超出了单一活性成分(A)和(B)获得的除草作用之和。
WO-A-98/09525已经公开了控制转基因作物中杂草的方法,其中转基因作物抗含有机磷除草剂如草铵膦或草甘膦,使用的除草混剂包括草铵膦或草甘膦以及至少一种除草剂,该除草剂选自:氟磺隆,氟嘧磺隆,麦草畏,哒草特,二甲吩草胺,异丙甲草胺,氟草隆(flumeturon), 草酸,莠去津,炔草酸,氟草敏,莠灭净,特丁津,西玛津,扑草净,NOA-402989(3-苯基-4-羟基-6-氯哒嗪),下列结构式化合物
其中R=4-氯-2-氟-5-(甲氧基羰基甲硫基)苯基(公开于US-A-4671819),CGA276854=2-氯-5-(3-甲基-2,6-二氧-4-三氟甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-嘧啶-1-基)苯甲酸1-炔丙氧基羰基-1-甲基乙基酯(=WC9717,公开于US-A-5183492)以及2-{N-[N-(4,6-二甲基嘧啶-2-基)氨基羰基]氨基磺酰基}苯甲酸4-氧杂环丁烷酯(公开于EP-A-496701)。在WO-A-98/09525公开文本中没有发现本发明可以获得的效果或已获得的效果的详细内容。该专利中没有关于增效活性的或在具体作物上采用该方法的实施例,也没有两种、三种或多种除草剂的具体混剂的实施例。
DE-A-2856260公开了草铵膦或L-草铵膦与其它除草剂如禾草灭,利谷隆,MCPA,2,4-D,麦草畏,三氯吡氧乙酸,2,4,5-T,MCPB等组成的几种除草混剂。
WO-A-92/08353和EP-A 0 252 237中公开了由草铵膦或草甘膦与其它磺酰脲类除草剂如甲磺隆,烟嘧磺隆,氟嘧磺隆,砜嘧磺隆等 组成的一些除草混剂。
在上述公开文本中,混剂控制有害植物的应用仅在很少的几种植物上证实或根本没有提供实施例。
我们在试验中惊奇地发现,WO-A-98/09525和其它文献中提到的除草混剂以及其它新除草混剂适用的作物上存在很大的差别。
根据本发明,提供了特别适于在耐性油菜作物上应用的除草混剂。
结构式(A1)至(A4)化合物是已知的或根据已知方法类似制备。
式(A1)包括所有的立体异构体和它们的混合物,特别是外消旋物以及生物活性的对映体,例如L-草铵膦及其盐。式(A1)活性物质的实例如下:
(A1.1)狭义的草铵膦,即D,L-2-氨基-4-[羟基(甲基)膦酰基]丁酸,
(A1.2)草铵膦-一铵盐,
(A1.3)L-草铵膦,L-或(2S)-2-氨基-4-[羟基(甲基)膦酰基]丁酸(phosphinothricin),
(A1.4)L-草铵膦一铵盐,
(A1.5)双丙氨膦(或bilanafos),即L-2-氨基-4-[羟基(甲基)膦酰基]丁酰基-L-丙氨酰-L-丙氨酸,特别是它的钠盐。
上述除草剂(A1.1)至(A1.5)是通过植物的绿色部分吸收并且已知是广谱除草剂或非选择性除草剂;它们是植物中的谷氨酰胺合成酶抑制剂;参见“农药手册”第11版,英国作物保护协会1997,第643-645和120-121页。虽然可苗后施用以控制种植区作物中和非作物区中的阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草,以及可应用特定的施用技术进行农业行间作物如玉米,棉花等的行间处理,但在抗性转基因作物中用作选择性除草剂的重要性正在增加。通常草铵膦以盐形式施用,优选铵盐。草铵膦外消旋物或草铵膦铵盐单剂的施用量通常为200-2000克活性物质/公顷。在这种施用量下,草铵膦主要是通过植物的绿色部分吸收起到杀伤作用。然而,由于几天内会在土壤中被微生物降解,因此在土壤 中没有长期活性。这也适用于相关活性物质双丙氨膦钠盐(也称为bilanafos-sodium);参见“农药手册”第11版,英国作物保护协会1997,第120-121页。通常,本发明混剂中活性物(A1)的量显著减少,例如施用量为每公顷20-800,优选20-600克草铵膦活性物质。相同施用量,优选将其换算成每公顷摩尔也适用于草铵膦铵盐和双丙氨膦或双丙氨膦钠盐。
含茎叶处理除草剂(A1)的混剂适宜应用于对化合物(A1)具有抗性或耐性的油菜作物。通过重组技术获得的一些耐性油菜作物是已知的并已实际应用;参考杂志“甜菜”(Zuckerrube)中的文章,卷47(1998),第217页;抗草铵膦的转基因植物的制备可参考EP-A-0242246,EP-A-242236,EP-A-257542,EP-A-275957,EP-A-0513054。
化合物(A2)实例是:
(A2.1)草甘膦,即N-(磷酰甲基)甘氨酸,
(A2.2)草甘膦的一异丙铵盐,
(A2.3)草甘膦钠盐,
(A2.4)草硫膦,即N-(磷酰甲基)甘氨酸三甲基锍盐=N-(磷酰甲基)甘氨酸三甲基氧化锍盐。
通常草甘膦以盐形式施用,优选一异丙铵盐或三甲基氧化锍盐(=三甲基锍盐=草硫膦)。基于游离酸草甘膦计,单剂施用量通常为0.5-5千克活性物质/公顷。就某些使用来说,草甘膦类似于草铵膦,但相比后者,它是植物体内的5-烯醇丙酮基莽草素-3-磷酸合成酶的抑制剂;参见“农药手册”第11版,英国作物保护协会1997,第646-649页。在本发明混剂中施用量通常为20-2000,优选20-1000,特别是20-800克活性物质/公顷草甘膦。
另外,利用重组方法已获得对化合物(A2)具有耐性的植物并已实际应用;参考“甜菜”,卷47(1998),第217页;以及参考WO 92/00377,EP-A-115673,EP-A-409815。
咪唑啉酮除草剂(A3)的实例包括:
(A3.1)咪唑烟酸及其盐和酯,
(A3.2)咪唑乙烟酸及其盐和酯,
(A3.3)咪草酸及其盐和酯,
(A3.4)咪草酸甲酯,
(A3.5)咪草啶酸及其盐和酯,
(A3.6)咪唑喹啉酸及其盐和酯,例如铵盐,
(A3.7)imazapic(AC 263,222)及其盐和酯,例如铵盐。
这些除草剂抑制植物体内乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS),因此抑制蛋白质的合成;它们既是土壤处理剂也是茎叶处理剂,且某些除草剂对作物有选择性;参考“农药手册”第11版,英国作物保护协会197,第697-699页(A3.1),第701-703页(A3.2),第694-696页(A3.3)和(A3.4),第696-697页(A3.5),第699-701页(A3.6)和第5-6页,参见AC 263,222(A3.7)。除草剂的施用量通常为0.001-2千克活性物质/公顷,多数情况下为0.1-2千克活性物质/公顷;特别是
(A3.1)20-400克 活性物质/公顷,优选40-360克 活性物质/公顷,
(A3.2)10-200克 活性物质/公顷,优选20-180克 活性物质/公顷,
(A3.3)100-2000克 活性物质/公顷,优选150-1800克 活性物质/公顷,
(A3.4)100-2000克 活性物质/公顷,优选150-1800克 活性物质/公顷,
(A3.5)1-150克 活性物质/公顷,优选2-120克 活性物质/公顷,
(A3.6)10-900克 活性物质/公顷,优选20-800克 活性物质/公顷,
(A3.7)5-2000克 活性物质/公顷,优选10-1000克 活性物质/公顷。
本发明混剂中,优选用量为1-2000,特别是10-200克 活性物 质/公顷。
含咪唑啉酮类除草剂的混剂适宜应用于抗咪唑啉酮的油菜作物。这些耐药性作物是已知的。例如EP-A-0360750中公开了通过选择方法或重组方法获得的耐ALS抑制剂植物。通过提高植物中的ALS含量获得植物对除草剂的耐药性。US-A-5,198,599公开了通过选择方法获得的耐受磺酰脲和咪唑啉酮植物。
PPO抑制剂(A4)的实例包括
(A4.1)氟唑草酸及其酯,如氟唑草酸乙酯,
(A4.2)氟酮唑草及其酯,如氟酮唑草乙酯,
(A4.4)甲磺草胺
(A4.5)WC9717或CGA276854=2-氯-5-(3-甲基-2,6-二氧-4-三氟甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-嘧啶-1-基)苯甲酸1-炔丙氧基羰基-1-甲基乙基酯(公开于US-A-5183492)。
上述唑类除草剂已知是植物中原卟啉原氧化酶(PPO)抑制剂;参见“农药手册”第11版,英国作物保护协会1997,第1048-1049页(A4.1),第191-193页(A4.2),第904-905页(A4.3)和第1126-1127页(A4.4)。唑类除草剂的施用量通常为1-2000克活性物质/公顷,优选2-1500克活性物质/公顷,特别是5-200克活性物质/公顷,每种活性成分特别是以下施用量:
(A4.1)1-100,优选2-80克活性物质/公顷,
(A4.2)1-500,优选2-250,特别是3-180克活性物质/公顷,
(A4.3)10-1000,优选10-600,特别是20-400克活性物质/公顷,
(A4.4)10-2000,优选50-1500,优选70-1000克活性物质/公顷,
(A4.5)10-1000克活性物质/公顷,优选20-800克活性物质/公顷。
已知某些植物耐受PPO抑制剂。
适合于与组分(A)混合的配对组分(B)例如是(B0)至(B4)子组的化合物:
(B0)为与除草剂(A)结构不同(不相同于)的除草剂,选自可用作组分(A)的除草剂,
(B1)为茎叶-和土壤处理除草剂,可用于防除禾本科和双子叶有害植物,例如以下化合物(给出通用名并参考“农药手册”第11版,英国作物保护协会1997,缩写为“PM”;其后,优选施用量列于括号中):
(B1.1)吡唑草胺(PM,第801-803页),即2-氯-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-N-(1H-吡唑-1-基甲基)乙酰苯胺,(100-3000克活性物质/公顷,特别是200-3500克活性物质/公顷),
(B1.2)氟乐灵(PM,第1248-1250页),即2,6-二硝基-N,N-二丙基-4-三氟甲基苯胺,(200-5000克活性物质/公顷,特别是500-3000克活性物质/公顷),
(B1.4)敌草胺(PM,第866-868页),即(R,S)-N,N-二乙基-2-(1-萘氧基)丙酰胺,(200-3000克活性物质/公顷,特别是300-2500克活性物质/公顷),
(B1.5)双酰草胺(PM,第184-185页),即1-(乙基氨基甲酰基)乙基(R)-苯氨基甲酸,(500-5000克活性物质/公顷,特别是800-4000克活性物质/公顷)以及
(B1.6) 唑隆(PM,第403-404页),即3-[4-(5-叔丁基-2,3-二氢-2-氧-1,3,4- 二唑-3-基)-3-氯苯基]-N,N-二甲基脲;(200-4000克活性物质/公顷,特别是300-3000克活性物质/公顷)和任选
(B1.7)二甲草胺(PM,第406-407页),2-氯-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-N-(2-甲氧基乙基)乙酰-2’,6’-基苯胺(aceto-2’,6’-xylilide),(30-4000克活性物质/公顷,特别是200-3000克活性 物质/公顷);
(B2)主要为茎叶处理除草剂,可用于防除双子叶有害植物,例如以下化合物
(B2.1)氯甲喹啉酸(PM,第1080-1082页),即7-氯-3-甲基喹啉-8-羧酸及其盐,(50-1000克活性物质/公顷,特别是80-800克活性物质/公顷),
(B2.2)二氯吡啶酸(PM,第260-263页),即3,6-二氯吡啶-2-羧酸及其盐,(20-1000克活性物质/公顷,特别是30-800克活性物质/公顷),
(B2.3)哒草特(PM,第1064-1066页),即S-辛基硫代碳酸0-(6-氯-3-苯基哒嗪-4-基)酯,(100-5000克活性物质/公顷,特别是200-3000克活性物质/公顷);
(B2.4)胺苯磺隆(PM,第475-476页),即2-{N-[N-(4-乙氧基-6-甲基氨基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)氨基羰基]氨基磺酰基}苯甲酸甲酯;(1-500克活性物质/公顷,特别是2-300克活性物质/公顷),
(B3)主要为茎叶处理除草剂,可用于防除单子叶有害植物,例如以下化合物:
(B3.1)精喹禾灵及其酯如乙酯或四氢糠基酯(PM,第1089-1092页),即(R)-2-[4-(6-氯喹喔啉-2-基氧)苯氧基]丙酸或其乙酯或四氢糠基酯,(100-300克活性物质/公顷,特别是20-250克活性物质/公顷),以及与S异构体的混合物形式,例如喹禾灵及其酯的外消旋混合物,
(B3.2)精 唑禾草灵及其酯如乙酯(PM,第519-520页),即(R)-2-[4-(6-氯苯并 唑-2-基氧)苯氧基]丙酸或乙酯,(10-300克活性物质/公顷,特别是20-250克活性物质/公顷),以及与S异构体的混合物形式,例如 唑禾草灵或 唑禾草灵乙酯的外消旋混合物,
(B3.3)精吡氟禾草灵及其酯如丁基酯(PM,第556-557页),即(R)-2-[4-(5-三氟甲基-吡啶-2-基氧)苯氧基]丙酸或丁基酯(20- 1500克活性物质/公顷,特别是30-1200克活性物质/公顷);以及与S异构体的混合物形式,例如吡氟禾草灵及其酯的外消旋混合物,
(B3.4)氟吡禾灵和精氟吡禾灵及其酯如甲酯或乙氧基乙酯(PM,第660-663页),即(R,S)-和(R)-2-[4-(3-氯-5-三氟甲基-吡啶-2-基氧)苯氧基]丙酸和它的甲酯和乙氧基乙酯,分别为(10-300克活性物质/公顷,特别是20-250克活性物质/公顷)和
(B3.5) 草酸(PM,第1021-1022页),即(R)-2-[4-(6-氯喹喔啉-2-基氧)苯氧基]丙酸异亚丙基氨基氧乙基酯(10-300克活性物质/公顷,特别是20-250克活性物质/公顷)和
(B4)茎叶-和土壤处理除草剂,可用于防除单子叶有害植物,例如
(B4.1)稀禾啶(PM,第1101-1103页),即(E,Z)-2-(1-乙氧基亚氨基丁基)-5-[2-(乙硫基)丙基]-3-羟基-环己-2-烯酮(50-3000,特别是100-2000克活性物质/公顷),
(B4.2)噻草酮(PM,第290-291页),即2-(1-乙氧基亚氨基丁基)-3-羟基-5-噻喃-3-基环己-2-烯酮(10-1000克活性物质/公顷,特别是30-800克活性物质/公顷),
(B4.3)烯草酮(PM,第250-251页),即2-{(E)-1-[(E)-3-氯烯丙氧基亚氨基]丙基}-5-[2-(乙硫基)丙基]-3-羟基环己-2-烯酮,(10-800,特别是20-600克活性物质/公顷)。
除草剂(B)中不同除草剂之间施用量有很大差别。以下范围是大致范围:
化合物(B0):1-2000,优选5-2000克活性物质/公顷(参考化合物(A)的数据)
化合物(B1):10-5000克活性物质/公顷,特别是20-4000克活性物质/公顷,
化合物(B2):1-5000克活性物质/公顷,特别是2-3000克活性物质/公顷,更特别优选10-2000克活性物质/公顷,
化合物(B3):5-1500克活性物质/公顷,特别是5-1200克活性 物质/公顷,更特别优选20-500克活性物质/公顷,
化合物(B4):5-3000克活性物质/公顷,特别是5-2000克活性物质/公顷,更特别优选20-1000克活性物质/公顷,
根据上述每种活性物质的施用量可推导出化合物(A)和(B)的比例。例如,下述比例特别有利:
(A)∶(B)为2000∶1-1∶5000,优选750∶1-1∶1500,特别是400∶1-1∶1000,更特别优选200∶1-1∶400,
(A)∶(B0)为1000∶1-1∶400,优选400∶1-1∶400,特别是200∶1-1∶200,更特别优选200∶1-1∶75,
(A1)∶(B1)为100∶1-1∶250,优选50∶1-1∶200,特别是50∶1-1∶50,
(A1)∶(B2)为1000∶1-1∶250,优选500∶1-1∶150,特别是100∶1-1∶50,更特别优选50∶1-1∶20,
(A1)∶(B3)为400∶1-1∶100,优选100∶1-1∶100,特别是50∶1-1∶50,更特别优选20∶1-1∶5,
(A1)∶(B4)为200∶1-1∶200,优选100∶1-1∶150,特别是100∶1-1∶100,更特别优选50∶1-1∶50,
(A2)∶(B1)为200∶1-1∶250,优选100∶1-1∶200,特别是60∶1-1∶100,
(A2)∶(B2)为2000∶1-1∶250,优选1000∶1-1∶150,特别是200∶1-1∶50,更特别优选60∶1-1∶20,
(A2)∶(B3)为500∶1-1∶100,优选200∶1-1∶80,特别是100∶1-1∶60,更特别优选50∶1-1∶5,
(A2)∶(B4)为300∶1-1∶150,优选200∶1-1∶150,特别是100∶1-1∶100,更特别优选50∶1-1∶50,
(A3)∶(B1)为200∶1-1∶5000,优选100∶1-1∶4000,特别是50∶1-1∶1000,更特别是20∶1-1∶500,最优选10∶1-1∶100,
(A3)∶(B2)为2000∶1-1∶5000,优选1000∶1-1∶3000,特 别是500∶1-1∶1000,更特别优选20∶1-1∶500,最优选10∶1-1∶100,
(A3)∶(B3)为200∶1-1∶1500,优选100∶1-1∶1200,特别是50∶1-1∶600,更特别优选20∶1-1∶200,最优选5∶1-1∶20,
(A3)∶(B4)为200∶1-1∶3000,优选100∶1-1∶2000,特别是50∶1-1∶1000,更特别优选20∶1-1∶100,最优选10∶1-1∶50,
(A4)∶(B1)为150∶1-1∶2500,优选80∶1-1∶2000,特别是20∶1-1∶1000,更特别优选10∶1-1∶500,
(A4)∶(B2)为1500∶1-1∶2500,优选750∶1-1∶1500,特别是20∶1-1∶1000,更特别优选10∶1-1∶500,
(A4)∶(B3)为150∶1-1∶100,优选100∶1-1∶100,特别是75∶1-1∶60,更特别优选50∶1-1∶50,最优选20∶1-1∶20
(A4)∶(B4)为150∶1-1∶1500,优选100∶1-1∶1000,特别是20∶1-1∶200,更特别优选10∶1-1∶100。
以下混剂的应用特别有利:
(A1.1)+(B1.1),(A1.1)+(B1.2),(A1.1)+(B1.3),(A1.1)+(B1.4),(A1.1)+(B1.5),
(A1.1)+(B1.6),(A1.1)+(B1.7),
(A1.2)+(B1.1),(A1.2)+(B1.2),(A1.2)+(B1.3),(A1.2)+(B1.4),(A1.2)+(B1.5),
(A1.2)+(B1.6),(A1.1)+(B1.7),
(A1.1)+(B2.1),(A1.1)+(B2.2),(A1.1)+(B2.3),(A1.1)+(B2.4),
(A1.2)+(B2.1),(A1.2)+(B2.2),(A1.2)+(B2.3),(A1.2)+(B2.4),
(A1.1)+(B3.1),(A1.1)+(B3.2),(A1.1)+(B3.3),(A1.1)+(B3.4),(A1.1)+(B3.5),
(A1.2)+(B3.1),(A1.2)+(B3.2),(A1.2)+(B3.3),(A1.2)+(B3.4),(A1.2)+(B3.5),
(A1.1)+(B4.1),(A1.1)+(B4.2),(A1.1)+(B4.3),
(A1.2)+(B4.1),(A1.2)+(B4.2),(A1.2)+(B4.3),
(A2.2)+(B1.1),(A2.2)+(B1.2),(A2.2)+(B1.3),(A2.2)+(B1.4),(A2.2)+(B1.5),
(A2.2)+(B1.6),(A2.2)+(B1.7),
(A2.2)+(B2.1),(A2.2)+(B2.2),(A2.2)+(B2.3),(A2.2)+(B2.4),
(A2.2)+(B3.1),(A2.2)+(B3.2),(A2.2)+(B3.3),(A2.2)+(B3.4),(A2.2)+(B3.5),
(A2.2)+(B4.1),(A2.2)+(B4.2),(A2.2)+(B4.3)。
根据定义,化合物(A)与一种或多种化合物(B0)的混剂为选自(A)组的两种或多种化合物的混剂。由于除草剂(A)是广谱性除草剂,这种混剂要求转基因植物或突变体对各种除草剂(A)表现出交互抗性。已经公开了转基因植物中的这种交互抗性;参见WO-A-98/20144。
对每种情况,可能有意义的是,使一种或多种化合物(A)与多种化合物(B)混合,优选与(B1),(B2),(B3)和(B4)的化合物混合。
另外,本发明混剂可以与其它活性成分一起施用,例如安全剂,杀菌剂,杀虫剂和植物生长调节剂或作物保护上常用的制剂助剂和添加剂。
添加剂的实例包括肥料和着色剂。
优选由一种或多种化合物(A)与一种或多种选自(B1)或(B2)或(B3)或(B4)的化合物组成的除草混剂。
还优选一种或多种化合物(A)例如(A1.2)+(A2.2),优选一种化合物(A),与一种或多种化合物(B)的混剂:
(A)+(B1)+(B2),(A)+(B1)+(B3),(A)+(B1)+(B4),(A)+(B2)+(B3),
(A)+(B2)+(B4),(A)+(B3)+(B4),(A)+(B1)+(B2)+(B3),
(A)+(B1)+(B2)+(B4),(A)+(B1)+(B3)+(B4),(A)+(B2)+(B3)+(B4)。
加入一种或多种其它不同结构的活性物质[活性物质(C)],例如安全剂或其它除草剂的混剂也包括在本发明范围内,例如
(A)+(B1)+(C),(A)+(B2)+(C),(A)+(B3)+(C)或(A)+(B4)+(C),
(A)+(B1)+(B2)+(C),(A)+(B1)+(B3)+(C),(A)+(B1)+(B4)+(C),
(A)+(B2)+(B4)+(C),或(A)+(B3)+(B4)+(C)。
下文说明的特别用于二元混剂的优选条件首先也特别适用于具有三或更多种活性成分的、最近前提到类型的混剂,只要它们含有本发明二元混剂以及相应的二元混剂。
本发明还特别涉及下列按本发明除草混剂的应用,该除草混剂由一种或多种(A)组除草剂,优选(A1.2)或(A2.2),特别是(A1.2),与选自下列一组的一种或多种除草剂,优选一种除草剂组成:
(B2’)氯甲喹啉酸,二氯吡啶酸和胺苯磺隆和/或
(B3’)精喹禾灵/喹禾灵及其酯,精 唑禾草灵/ 唑禾草灵及其酯,精吡氟禾草灵/吡氟禾草灵及其酯,氟吡禾灵,精氟吡禾灵和它们的酯,优选精 唑禾草灵,精吡氟禾草灵,氟吡禾灵,精氟吡禾灵和它们的酯,和/或
(B4’)稀禾啶,噻草酮和烯草酮。
优选由特定组分(A)与一种或多种选自(B1’),(B2’),(B3’)或(B4’)的除草剂组成的除草混剂。进一步优选以下混剂:
(A)+(B1’)+(B2’),
(A)+(B1’)+(B3’),(A)+(B1’)+(B4’),(A)+(B2’)+(B3’),(A)+(B2’)
+(B4’)或(A)+(B3’)+(B4’)。
上述一些混剂是新的并构成本发明主题的一部分。
本发明混剂(=除草剂组合物)对经济重要的广谱单子叶和双子叶杂草具有显著的除草活性。活性物质还可以有效地防除由根茎,根状茎或其它多年生组织中发芽且难以控制的多年生杂草。对于本发明,无论在播种前,苗前或苗后施用活性物质并不重要。优选苗后施用或播种后苗前的早期施用。
下面列举本发明化合物可以控制的一些具有代表性的单子叶和双子叶杂草区系中的一些具体实例,但并不意味着限制到具体种。
本发明除草剂组合物可以有效防除的单子叶杂草种类例如为:一年生的燕麦属,狗尾草属,冰草属和野生谷类,还包括看麦娘属,马唐属,毒麦属,稗属, 草属,早熟禾属和莎草类以及多年生的狗牙根属,白茅属和高粱属或多年生的莎草类。
在双子叶杂草种类中,作用谱扩展至种属级,例如,藜属,母菊 属,地肤属,婆婆纳属,堇菜属,春黄菊属,繁缕属,遏蓝菜属,猪殃殃属,曼陀罗属,Cupsella属和蓟属,还包括苘麻属,苋属,菊属,番薯属,野芝麻属,牵牛属,黄花稔属和芥子属,旋花属,酸模和蒿。
当本发明化合物在萌芽前土壤表面施用时,可完全防止杂草出苗或杂草生长至子叶期然后停止生长,并最终经过3-4周后完全死亡。
当活性成分苗后施用至植物绿色部分时,可在处理后很短时间内有力地阻止杂草生长并使杂草保持在使用时所处的发育期,或在一段时间后完全死亡,因此这种方式可以迅速而持久地减少对作物有害的杂草竞争。
与单剂相比,本发明除草剂组合物具有更迅速和更持久的除草作用。通常,本发明混剂中活性物质的耐雨牢度(rainfastness)是有利的。特别有利的是可以将混剂中化合物(A)和(B)的有效剂量调整至这样一种低水平,以使它们的土壤作用达到最佳。因此,首先不仅可以应用于敏感作物,而且基本上避免了地下水污染。通过使用本发明活性物质混剂,可以显著降低活性物质的施用量。
当(A)+(B)类型除草剂混合施用时,可以观察到超加和(=增效)作用。这表示混剂的活性大于预期的单一除草剂活性总和。增效作用可以减少施用量,控制更广谱的阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草,更快地发挥除草作用,更长的持效期,仅施用一次或几次就可更好地控制有害植物并且延长使用适期。在某些情况下,组合物的应用还可以减少对作物有害成分如氮或油酸的用量。
上述特性和优点是杂草防治实践中使农作物摆脱不需要的竞争植物所必须的由此可以保持和/或增加作物品质和产量。在上述特性方面,本发明这些新混剂明显好于现有技术。
尽管本发明化合物对单子叶和双子叶杂草具有很强的除草活性,而耐药性的或交互耐药性的油菜作物仅受可忽略程度的、或即使有也很轻微的伤害。
而且,一些本发明组合物还对油菜作物具有显著的生长调节作用。它们以调节的方式参与植物的代谢,并因此可用于定向控制植物 组成。另外,它们还可以用于一般性地调节和抑制不需要的营养生长,但该过程并不杀死植物。抑制营养生长在许多单子叶和双子叶作物中发挥很重要的作用,因为这样可以减少或完全防止倒伏的发生。
由于它们的除草和植物生长调节特性,可以将组合物应用于控制已知耐药性或交互耐药性油菜作物或培育的耐药性或基因改性的油菜作物中的有害植物。除了抗本发明组合物外,通常转基因植物还具有特别优异的特性,例如抗植物病害或植物病害的病原体如某些昆虫或微生物如真菌,细菌或病毒。其它具体特性包括,例如,收获产品的数量,品质,储存期,组成和特定成分。因此,已知油含量增加了的或改进了品质的转基因植物,例如收获到的产品的脂肪酸组成不同。
与现有植物相比较具有改进特性的新植物的常规繁殖方法包括,例如,传统的育种方法和突变增殖。换句话说,具有改进特性的新植物可以通过重组方法繁殖(参见,例如,EP-A-221044,EP-A0131624)。例如,已公开的几种情况是:
-以改进植物中的淀粉合成为目的的作物基因重组改性(例如WO92/11376,WO92/14827,WO91/19806),
-抗其它除草剂例如抗磺酰脲类除草剂的转基因作物(EP-A0257993,US-A 5013659),
-可产生芽孢杆菌苏云金菌毒素(Bt毒素)的转基因作物,即可以使该植物产生对某些害虫的抗性(EP-A 0142924,EP-A-0193259),
-具有改进脂肪酸组成的转基因作物(WO91/13972)。
原则上,已知的很多分子生物学技术都可应用于繁殖新的具有改进特性的转基因植物;参见,例如,Sambrook等,1989,分子克隆 试验手册,第2版,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory出版,Cold SpringHarbor,NY;或Winnacker“基因与克隆”,VCH Weinheim,第2版,1996或Christou,“植物科学的趋势”1(1996)第423-431页。
为进行这种重组操作,可以将核酸分子导入质粒中,在质粒中可以通过DNA序列重组方法发生基因突变或序列改变。例如,使用上述标准方法可以进行碱基替换,移去部分序列或加入天然或合成序列。 向片段提供连接头或连接子以互相连接DNA片段。
例如可以通过表达至少一个相应的反义-RNA,有义-RNA以获得共抑作用,或通过表达至少一个适合的特定裂解上述基因产物的转录体的构建核酶来制备具有降低基因产物活性的植物细胞。
为此目的,既可以使用包括基因产物的全部编码序列的DNA分子,该分子包括存在的任意侧翼序列,还可以使用仅包括部分编码序列的DNA分子,但这些部分必须足够长,以在细胞中可获得反义效果。还可以使用与基因产物的编码序列具有高度同源性、但并不完全相同的DNA序列也可以。
当植物中的核酸分子进行表达时,可将合成的蛋白质定位于植物细胞中的任意希望区域。然而,为实现特定区域中的定位,例如,可以将编码区与DNA序列连接以确保在特定区域的定位。这种序列对于本领域技术人员来说是已知的(参见,例如,Braun等,EMBO J.11(1992,3219-3227;Wolter等,美国国家科学院院报85(1988),846-850;Sonnewald等,植物杂志1(1991),95-106)。
使用已知技术可使转基因植物细胞再生为完整植株。原则上转基因植物可以是任意种类的所需植物,即,可以是单子叶和双子叶植物。
以这种方式,通过同源(=天然)基因或基因序列的超量表达,抑制或阻止或通过异源(=外源)基因或基因序列的表达,可以获得具有改进特性的转基因植物。
因此本发明主题还涉及一种控制耐药性油菜作物中不需要的植物生长的方法,其包括将一种或多种(A)类除草剂与一种或多种(B)类除草剂施用至有害植物,其各种组织或栽培区域。
本发明主题还涉及化合物(A)+(B)的新混剂以及包含它们的除草剂组合物。
本发明活性成分混剂既可以两种组分、如需要,可加入其它活性成分、添加剂和/或常规助剂的混合制剂形式存在,用水稀释后以常规方法施用,或将分别制成的或部分分别制成的组分混合,用水稀释制备所称的罐混形式。
根据主要的生物和/或理化参数,化合物(A)和(B)或其混剂可以制成各种类型制剂。常用的适合制剂实例如下:可湿性粉剂(WP),乳油(EC),水溶剂(SL),乳剂(EW)如油包水和水包油型乳剂,喷雾溶液或乳剂,油-或水基分散剂,胶悬乳剂,粉剂(DP),拌种剂,土壤施用和撒播粒剂,或水分散性粒剂(WG),ULV制剂,微胶囊剂和蜡剂。
每种类型的制剂基本上都是已知的并例如描述于:Winnacker-Kuchler,“化学工艺学”第7卷,C.Hauser Verlag,Munich,第4版,1986;van Valkenburg,“农药剂型”,Marcel Dekker N.Y.,1973;K.Martens,“喷雾干燥手册”第3版,1979,G.Goodwin Ltd.,London。
所需制剂助剂,如惰性材料,表面活性剂,溶剂和其它添加剂也是已知的并例如描述于:Watkins,“杀虫粉剂的稀释剂和载体手册(Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers)”第2版,Darland Books,Caldwell N.J.;H.v.Olphen“粘土胶体化学(Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry)”第2版,J.Wiley&Sons,N.Y.Marsden“溶剂指南(Solvents Guide)”第2版,Interscience,N.Y.1950;McCutcheon’s “洗涤剂和乳化剂(Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual)”,MC Publ.Corp.,Ridgewood N.J.;Sisley和Wood,“表面活性剂大全(Encyclopediaof Surface Active Agents)”,Chem.Publ.Co.Inc.,N.Y.1964;Schonfeldt,“表面活性的乙氧加合物(GrenzflachenaktiveAthylenoxidaddukte)”,Wiss.Verlagsgesellschaft,Stuttgart1976;Winnacker-Kuchler“化学工艺学”第7卷,C.Hauser Verlag,Munich,第4版,1986。
基于上述制剂,还可以与其它农药活性物质如其它除草剂、杀虫剂或杀菌剂以及还与安全剂、肥料和/或生长调节剂混合,制备例如现混现用制剂或作为罐混形式。
可湿性粉剂(可喷雾粉剂)是一种可在水中均匀分散的制剂,并且其中除稀释剂或惰性材料外还含有阴离子型或非离子型表面活性剂 (湿润剂,分散剂),例如聚乙氧基化烷基酚,聚乙氧基化脂族醇或聚乙氧基化脂族胺,链烷磺酸盐,烷基苯磺酸盐,木素磺酸钠,2,2’-二萘基甲烷-6,6’-二磺酸钠,二丁基萘磺酸钠或油基甲基牛磺酸钠,还可以加入稀释剂或惰性材料。
乳油是通过将活性成分溶解在有机溶剂,例如丁醇、环己酮、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲苯或其它高沸点芳族化合物或烃中,并加入一种或多种阴离子型或非离子表面活性剂(乳化剂)而制成。可以使用的乳化剂的实例是:烷芳基磺酸钙,例如十二烷基苯磺酸钙,或非离子乳化剂如脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯,烷芳基聚乙二醇醚,脂肪醇聚乙二醇醚,环氧丙烷/环氧乙烷缩合产物,烷基聚醚,失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯,聚氧乙烯失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯或其它聚氧乙烯失水山梨糖醇酯。
粉剂是通过将活性物质与细碎的固体物质例如滑石,天然粘土如高岭土,膨润土和叶蜡石或硅藻土一起研磨而成。
颗粒剂可以将活性物质喷雾至吸附性的、可造粒的惰性材料上而制备,或在粘合剂例如聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸钠或矿物油的帮助下将活性物质浓缩物粘附至载体表面如砂子、高岭土或可造粒的惰性材料上而制备。适合的活性物质还可采用肥料颗粒的常规制备方法进行造粒,如必要可与肥料混合。水分散粒剂一般是通过如喷雾干燥、流化床造粒、圆盘造粒、高速混合器混合和无固体惰性材料的挤压造粒方法制备。
本发明农药制剂一般含有0.1-99重量%,特别是2-95重量%的A和/或B类活性物质,根据制剂类型,常规浓度如下:
在可湿性粉剂中,活性物质的浓度例如约为10-95重量%,其余由常规助剂补足100重量%。乳油中活性物质浓度例如为5-80重量%。
粉剂通常含5-20重量%活性物质,而喷雾溶液约为0.2-25重量%活性成分。
颗粒剂如可分散粒剂中活性成分含量部分取决于活性成分是固体或液体以及使用的颗粒助剂和填料。水分散性粒剂中活性成分通常含量为10-90重量%。
此外,如需要,上述活性成分制剂可含有常用的粘结剂,湿润剂,分散剂,乳化剂,渗透剂,防冻剂,溶剂,填料,着色剂,载体,消泡剂,蒸发抑制剂,pH调节剂或粘度调节剂。
例如,已知通过加入表面活性剂可提高草铵膦-铵盐(A1.2)和它的L-对映体的活性,优选下列湿润剂,即含例如10-18个碳原子的烷基聚乙二醇醚硫酸盐(酯)并使用它们的碱金属盐或铵盐形式,以及镁盐,台C12/C14-脂肪醇二甘醇醚硫酸钠(Rgenapol LRO,Hoechst);参见EP-A-0476555,EP-A-0048436,EP-A-0336151或US-A-4,400,196和Proc.EWRS Symp.“影响除草活性和选择性的因素”,227-232(1998)。而且,已知烷基聚乙二醇醚硫酸盐(酯)也适合作为其它除草剂,尤其是咪唑啉酮类除草剂的渗透剂和增效剂;参见EP-A-0502014。
应用时,制剂可以是商品形式的,如需要,以常规方式稀释,例如用水稀释可湿性粉剂,乳油,分散剂和水分散性粒剂。对于粉剂,土壤施用颗粒剂,撒播粒剂和喷雾溶液类型的制剂,一般在使用前不再用其它惰性物质稀释。
可将活性物质施用至植物,植物各组织,植物种子或栽培区域(耕过的),优选施用至绿色植物和植物各组织以及,如需要,还包括耕过的土壤中。
活性成分的可能使用形式包括以罐混形式混合施用,其中每种活性物质是以最佳剂型存在的浓缩制剂,在罐中将它们与水混合,并施用由此获得的喷雾混合物。
本发明由活性物质(A)和(B)混合的除草混剂的优点是更方便于施用,因为各组分用量已经彼此调整到适当比例。而且,这种方式可以最佳方式互相选择适合的助剂,而将各种制剂进行罐混可能导致混合有不需要的助剂。
A.常规制剂实施例
a)将10重量份活性物质/活性物质混合物与90重量份的作为惰性物质的滑石混合,并在锤磨机中粉碎混合物而获得粉剂。
b)将25重量份的活性物质/活性物质的混合物,64重量份作为惰性物质的含石英的高岭土,10重量份木素磺酸钾和1重量份作为湿润剂和分散剂的油酰甲基牛磺酸钠混合,并在固定盘磨机(pinned-disk mill)中研磨混合物,获得易于水分散的可湿性粉剂。
c)将20重量份的活性物质/活性物质的混合物与6重量份的烷基酚聚乙二醇醚(Triton X 207),3重量份的异三癸醇聚乙二醇醚(8E0)和71重量份的石蜡矿物油(沸点范围,例如约255-277℃)混合,并在球磨机中研磨成小于5微米的粒度,获得易于水分散的胶悬剂。
d)由15重量份活性物质/活性物质的混合物,75重量份作为溶剂的环己酮和10重量份的作为乳化剂的乙氧基化的壬基酚获得乳油。
e)通过将以下成分混合
75重量份的活性物质/活性物质的混合物
10重量份的木素磺酸钙,
5重量份十二烷基硫酸钠,
3重量份聚乙烯醇,和
7重量份高岭土
并在固定盘磨机(pinned-disk mill)中研磨混合物,在流化床中通过喷雾至作为成粒液体的水上,将粉末造粒而获得水可分散的粒剂。
f)在胶体磨(bead mill)中将下列成分均化和预粉碎
25重量份的活性物质/活性物质的混合物,
5重量份的2,2’-二萘基甲基-6,6’二磺酸钠,
2重量份的油酰甲基牛磺酸钠,
1重量份的聚乙烯醇,
17重量份的碳酸钙,和
50重量份水,
接着在球磨机中研磨混合物,并在喷雾塔中使用单组分喷嘴喷雾,并干燥所得悬浮液,也可获得水可分散的粒剂。
B.生物实施例
1.苗前杂草防治
在装有砂壤土的纸板盆中放入单子叶和双子叶有害植物的种子或根茎,并用土盖好。将制成浓缩水溶液,可湿性粉剂或乳油形式的组合物以各种剂量将其施用至土壤覆盖层表面,作为水溶液,悬浮液或乳剂的施用量为600-800升水/公顷(已换算的)。处理后,将盆放在温室中并使杂草保持在良好的生长条件下。在试验3-4周后测试植物出苗后,与未处理对照比较,肉眼观察记录植物伤害情况或对出苗的不利影响。如试验结果所示,本发明组合物在苗前使用时,对广谱的禾本科和双子叶杂草具有很好的除草活性。
经常可以观察到,本发明混剂的除草效果高于单独使用每种除草剂时的活性总和(=增效)。
如果观察的活性值已经超出单独使用试验活性值的总和(=EA),则它们还超出根据根据下述Colby公式计算的预期值(=EC),这同样可认为是增效的体现(参见,S.R.Colby;杂草15(1967)第20-22页):
EC=A+B-(A·B/100)
上述公式中A,B表示活性物质A和B分别在a和b克活性物质/公顷施用量下以%表示的活性;EC表示a+b克活性物质/公顷施用量下以%表示的预期值。
试验观察数据表明,在适当的低剂量下,混剂的活性超出了根据Colby公式计算的预期值。
2.苗后除草作用
在装有砂壤土的纸板盆中放入单子叶和双子叶杂草的种子或根茎,用土盖好并在良好生长条件的温室中培育。播种后3周,在三叶期用本发明组合物处理测试植物。将制成可湿性粉剂或乳油形式的本发明组合物以不同剂量喷雾至绿色植物组织,施用量相应为600-800升水/公顷(换算值)。保持测试植物在最佳生长条件下的温室中约3-4周后,与未处理对照相比,肉眼记录制剂的活性。苗后施用时,本发明组合物也对广谱的经济重要的禾本科和阔叶杂草具有很好的除草 活性。
可以频繁观察到本发明混剂活性超出除草剂单独使用时的活性总和。观测的试验结果表明,在适当的低剂量下,混剂的活性超出了根据Colby公式计算的预期值。
(参见实施例1的计算数据)。
3.除草活性和作物的耐药性(田间试验)
抗一种或多种除草剂(A)的转基因油菜作物与典型杂草一起种植在室外自然条件下的2×5m小区中;另一方面,当油菜植物生长时杂草种群自然发生。如表1方案所示,平行试验中在标准条件下用一种plot喷洒器以200-300升水/公顷施用量,使用本发明组合物进行处理,且作为对照,分别仅施用单一组分活性物质,即在播种前/苗前施用,播种后/苗前或苗后的早,中或后期处理。
表1:施用方案-实施例
在施用后2,4,6和8周时间点位处,将处理区与未处理对照区肉眼比较,记录活性物质或活性物质混合物的除草活性。记录植物的所有地上部分的伤害和发育情况。以百分数表示(100%作用=所有植物死亡;50%作用=植物的50%植物和植物绿色器官死亡;0%作用=没有可见效果=类似对照区)。计算每种情况下的4个小区的平均值。
通过比较表明,本发明混剂的除草活性通常高于,某些情况下明显高于单一除草剂的活性总和。在记录期间的重要阶段,除草活性高于Colby公式计算的预期值(参见实施例1的记录),因此表明具有增效活性。相比之下,油菜作物在用除草剂组合物处理后没有被伤害或仅有可忽略程度的损害。
下面表中使用的缩写:
g A.S./ha=克 活性物质(100%活性物质)/公顷
EA=单独施用时的除草活性总和
EC=Colby公式计算的预期值(参考表1的计算值)。
“油菜LL”=抗-或耐草铵膦铵盐的RLiberty-Link油菜
表2:油菜作物田间试验的除草活性
表2中的缩写:
1)=5叶期施用, 2)=施用后3周记录
(A1.2)=草铵膦铵盐 (B1.1)=吡唑草胺
表3:油菜作物田间试验的除草活性
表3中的缩写:
1)=4-5叶期施用, 2)=施用后36天记录
(A1.2)=草铵膦铵盐 (B1.5)=双酰草胺
表4:田间试验除草活性
表4中的缩写:
1)=如表中所述苗后4-叶期施用或苗前施用,
2)=播种前施用35天后记录以及苗后施用28天后记录
(A1.2)=草铵膦铵盐 (B1.4)=敌草胺
(B1.2)=氟乐灵 (B1.1)=吡唑草胺
(B2.1)=氯甲喹啉酸 (B2.3)=哒草特
表5:田间试验的除草活性
表5中的缩写:
1)=4叶期施用, 2)=施用15天后记录
(A1.2)=草铵膦-铵盐 (B2.2)=二氯吡啶酸
(B2.4)=胺苯磺隆
Claims (8)
2.权利要求1的用途,其中活性物质(A)为草铵膦或其盐。
3.权利要求2的用途,其中活性物质(A)为草铵膦-铵盐。
4.权利要求2或3的用途,其中活性物质(B)是二氯吡啶酸。
5.权利要求2或3的用途,其中活性物质(B)是胺苯磺隆。
6.权利要求2或3的用途,其中活性物质(B)为氯甲喹啉酸。
7.权利要求1至6任一项的用途,其中所述除草混剂与作物保护中使用的助剂或制剂助剂一起施用。
8.控制耐药性油菜作物中有害植物的方法,其中包括,将权利要求1-6中的任一项定义的除草剂或除草混剂一起或分别地,在苗前,苗后或苗前和苗后施用至植物、植物各组织、植物种子上或栽培区域。
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CN2011100941266A Expired - Lifetime CN102217646B (zh) | 1998-08-13 | 1999-08-10 | 用于耐性或抗性油菜作物的除草剂组合物 |
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DE19836684A1 (de) * | 1998-08-13 | 2000-02-17 | Hoechst Schering Agrevo Gmbh | Herbizide Mittel für tolerante oder resistente Reiskulturen |
BR0210033A (pt) * | 2001-05-30 | 2004-08-10 | Basf Ag | Composição herbicida, e, método para tratar herbicidamente uma planta indesejada |
US20050026781A1 (en) | 2003-04-22 | 2005-02-03 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Herbicidal compositions containing glyphosate and a pyridine analog |
WO2005087007A1 (en) | 2004-03-10 | 2005-09-22 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Herbicidal compositions containing n-phosphonomethyl glycine and an auxin herbicide |
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AU2011250796B2 (en) * | 2004-04-01 | 2013-02-21 | Basf Se | Synergistically acting herbicidal mixtures |
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WO2011144683A1 (de) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-24 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Herbizide mittel für tolerante oder resistente rapskulturen |
CN102318643A (zh) * | 2011-05-06 | 2012-01-18 | 永农生物科学有限公司 | 一种草铵膦和精吡氟禾草灵复配农药组合物及其制备方法 |
WO2013063357A2 (en) | 2011-10-26 | 2013-05-02 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Salts of carboxylic acid herbicides |
EP2820135A1 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2015-01-07 | Bayer CropScience NV | Als inhibitor herbicide tolerant b. napus mutants |
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CN102986724A (zh) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-03-27 | 洪仁作 | 一种林业除草剂 |
HUE040466T2 (hu) | 2013-02-27 | 2019-03-28 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Javított illékonyságú glifozát és dicamba tankkeverékek |
US9307765B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-04-12 | Upl Limited | Selective weed control using D-napropamide |
CN103960243A (zh) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-08-06 | 北京明德立达农业科技有限公司 | 一种除草剂组合物及其用途 |
CN105123744A (zh) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 青岛文创科技有限公司 | 一种除草组合物 |
CN105230652A (zh) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-01-13 | 海利尔药业集团股份有限公司 | 一种含有高效氟吡甲禾灵与草甘膦的除草组合物 |
CN116121316A (zh) | 2016-03-02 | 2023-05-16 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 制造l-草胺膦的方法 |
WO2018055583A1 (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2018-03-29 | Upl Limited | A process of controlling weeds |
WO2019020283A1 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2019-01-31 | Basf Se | USE OF HERBICIDE COMPOSITIONS BASED ON L-GLUFOSINATE IN TOLERANT FIELD CROPS |
CA3070177A1 (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-02-14 | Basf Se | Herbicidal mixtures comprising l-glufosinate and their use in canola cultures |
BR122023020907A2 (pt) * | 2017-08-09 | 2024-01-16 | Basf Se | Uso de uma mistura herbicida, mistura pesticida, composição pesticida e método para controlar a vegetação indesejável |
KR20240113610A (ko) | 2017-08-09 | 2024-07-22 | 바스프 에스이 | L-글루포시네이트 또는 이의 염 및 하나 이상의 vlcfa 저해제를 포함하는 제초제 혼합물 |
EP3440939A1 (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-02-13 | Basf Se | Herbicidal mixtures comprising l-glufosinate |
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CN109645025A (zh) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-04-19 | 苏农(广德)生物科技有限公司 | 一种草甘膦和异噁草松的除草剂组合物 |
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PT1104241E (pt) | 2003-11-28 |
DK1104241T3 (da) | 2003-10-13 |
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PL393788A1 (pl) | 2011-06-20 |
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AU5422199A (en) | 2000-03-06 |
DE19836726A1 (de) | 2000-02-17 |
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PL204546B1 (pl) | 2010-01-29 |
US6677276B1 (en) | 2004-01-13 |
PL214840B1 (pl) | 2013-09-30 |
CN1317933B (zh) | 2011-06-15 |
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EP1104241B1 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
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CA2340240C (en) | 2012-10-02 |
CA2340240A1 (en) | 2000-02-24 |
WO2000008938A1 (de) | 2000-02-24 |
CA2771718C (en) | 2015-07-14 |
BRPI9917871B1 (pt) | 2016-07-12 |
PL213733B1 (pl) | 2013-04-30 |
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PL213168B1 (pl) | 2013-01-31 |
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ATE242972T1 (de) | 2003-07-15 |
CA2771718A1 (en) | 2000-02-24 |
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