CN102199578A - 一种谷氨酸脱氢酶的突变体酶及其构建方法 - Google Patents
一种谷氨酸脱氢酶的突变体酶及其构建方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种谷氨酸脱氢酶的突变体酶及其构建方法,所述的突变体酶具有SEQ ID NO:1,所示的氨基酸序列。该突变基因在异源宿主大肠杆菌中获得了良好表达,表达蛋白是一类能催化多种氨基酸的脱氢酶。本发明过程主要包括以下步骤:(1)获得谷氨酸脱氢酶基因gdh并构建重组质粒;(2)突变菌株的构建;3)表达菌株构建;(4)表达和纯化。本发明与现有技术相比,所生成的工程菌不仅能催化谷氨酸,而且还能催化甲硫氨酸和正亮氨酸。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及利用突变体酶及其构建方法,特别属于谷氨酸脱氢酶的突变体酶及其构建方法。
背景技术
氨基酸脱氢酶家族(amino acid dehydrogenases,EC 1.4.1),该家族蛋白利用NAD+或者NADP+为辅因子催化氨基酸氧化脱氨形成相应的酮酸。反应如下所示:
该家族包括谷氨酸脱氢酶(Glutamate dehydrogenase,GDH)、亮氨酸脱氢酶(Leucine dehydrogenase)、缬氨酸脱氢酶(Valine dehydrogenase)和苯基丙氨酸脱氢酶(Phenylalanine dehydrogenase)。由于这些氨基酸脱氢酶能够催化特异性的反应,它们经常被用于饮食及药物氨基酸的合成,还能用于氨基酸和氨的临床检测。该家族的一些成员共享序列结构类似但是在底物特异性、稳定性和耐盐性等方面不同。
谷氨酸脱氢酶(Glutamate dehydrogenase,GDH)能以NAD(P)+为辅酶催化谷氨酸氧化脱氨和还原氨的可逆反应。广泛存在于细菌、动物及植物等生物体内,是连接碳、氮代谢的重要酶类,对于细胞内环境氧化还原性的平衡以及生物代谢等生命活动具有重要意义。谷氨酸脱氢酶是谷氨酸生产菌合成谷氨酸代谢过程中的关键酶,还能用于酶电极制作,医疗诊断如医药工业中医用试剂尿素氮试剂盒的制备等,GDH测定还可作为常规肝功能检测项目,特别适用于慢性肝病患者肝脏损伤程度判断、疗效观察和病情监测。除此之外它还是疟疾快速诊断的新型候选分子。但上述酶只能催化谷氨酸,不能催化其它的氨基酸,用途受到了一定的限制。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的第1个技术问题是提供一种可以催化多种氨基酸的谷氨酸脱氢酶的突变体酶。
本发明所要解决的第2个技术问题是上述突变体酶的构建方法。
本发明从鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium)中获得谷氨酸脱氢酶基因,通过突变引物获得了突变的基因片段,其编码如序列表所示的氨基酸序列,将突变基因片段与pET28b质粒连接,成功构建重组表达质粒pET28b-KA/LG;该重组质粒转化大肠杆菌感受态细胞,构建用于突变体酶表达的基因工程菌Rosetta(DE3)/pET28b-KA/LG;在常温37℃和0.5mM IPTG条件下获得了较好的表达。
本发明与现有技术相比,所生成的工程菌不仅能催化谷氨酸,而且还能催化甲硫氨酸和正亮氨酸。
附图说明
图1为gdh基因的PCR扩增图。
M:Marker III;1:gdh基因的PCR扩增产物
图2为A166G片段PCR扩增图
M:Marker III;1:A166G下游片段;2:A166G上游片段
图3为A166G融合PCR扩增图
M:Marker III;1:A166G融合PCR产物
图4为KA/LG片段PCR扩增图
M:Marker III;1:KA/LG下游片段;2:KA/LG上游片段
图5为KA/LG融合PCR扩增图
M:Marker III;1:KA/LG融合PCR产物
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作详细的说明。
实施例1:
1、谷氨酸脱氢酶基因gdh获得
依据鼠伤寒沙门氏菌atcc 14028(Salmonella typhimurium)已知的谷氨酸脱氢酶基因设计引物,以S.typhimurium基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增,结果仅获得1个特异片段(图1)。gdh扩增引物及PCR条件分别为:
Sense:5′-GAACCACGTCATATGGATCAGACATGTTC-3′;
Anti-sense:5′-ATCCCTCGAGAAAGCTATCTGGCCTGAC-3′;
95℃预变性3min;94℃30s,60℃30s,72℃1min 30s循环35次;72℃充分延伸10min。
2、重组载体pET28b-gdh构建
扩增的产物与载体pET28b分别经NdeI、Xho I双酶切后,连接,转化E.coliDH5α。筛选阳性克隆,获得表达质粒pET28b-gdh。双酶切鉴定后,送南京金丝瑞进行测序,序列比对发现测序基因与Genbank(GeneBank accession NO.NP_460265)上的完全一致。
3、突变体菌株的构建
设计突变引物,以重组质粒pET28b-gdh DNA为模板进行PCR扩增,将该片段与pET28b载体连接,构建重组质粒pET28b-A166G,转化大肠杆菌E.coli DH5α感受态细胞,经蓝白斑筛选,挑选白色克隆提取质粒,送南京金丝瑞测序鉴定。166位突变引物及PCR条件分别为:
166位anti-sense:5′-GATATCCCCCCCAGGCACGTCG-3′;
166位sense:5′-GATACCGACGTGCCTGGGGGGGATA-3′;
上游片段(含有gdh起始密码子的片段):94℃预变性3min;94℃30s,60℃30s,72℃30s循环35次;72℃充分延伸10min,
下游片段(含有gdh终止密码子的片段):94℃预变性3min;94℃30s,60℃30s,72℃1min循环35次;72℃充分延伸10min。PCR扩增结果见图2。
PCR产物经凝胶回收后再进行融合PCR,融合PCR条件为:94℃预变性3min;94℃30s,64℃40s,72℃1min 30s循环35次;72℃充分延伸10min。结果见图3。
扩增的产物与载体pET28b分别经NdeI、Xho I双酶切后,连接,转化E.coliDH5α。筛选阳性克隆,获得表达质粒pET28b-A166G,以重组质粒pET28b-A166G为模板进行PCR扩增,将该片段与pET28b载体连接,构建pET28b-KA/LG,
92位突变引物为:
92位anti-sense:5′-GCATACCGCCAAGATAGGGGCCGATAG-3′;
92位sense:5′-TCGGCCCCTATCTTGGCGGTATGCG-3′。
PCR条件为上游片段(含有gdh起始密码子的片段):94℃预变性3min;94℃30s,60℃30s,72℃35s循环35次;72℃充分延伸10min,下游片段(含有gdh终止密码子的片段):94℃预变性3min;94℃30s,60℃30s,72℃1min循环35次;72℃充分延伸10min。片段PCR检测结果见图4。
PCR产物经凝胶回收后再进行融合PCR,融合PCR条件为:94℃预变性3min;94℃30s,64℃40s,72℃1min 30s循环35次;72℃充分延伸10min。结果如图5所示。
序列比对发现已经突变成功,将表达质粒pET28b-KA/LG转化至E.coliRosetta(DE3)感受态细胞,构建重组工程菌Rosetta(DE3)/pET28b-KA/LG。
4、双突变菌株的表达和纯化
挑取重组菌于含5ml LB液体培养基的试管中,37℃,225rpm,过夜扩大培养;培养物以1∶100接种于含50ml LB液体培养基的锥心瓶中,37℃,225rpm,振荡培养至OD600为0.6-0.8;加入0.5mM异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside,IPTG),37℃诱导表达10h;4℃,5,000rpm,离心5min,收集菌体,超声波破碎。用Co2+离子亲和柱(purification Kit)纯化。纯化后的蛋白质经10%SDS-PAGE鉴定,在分子量47kDa处有一特异性很高的条带,说明纯化后的蛋白纯度较高。SDS-PAGE显示该蛋白质的分子量大小约为47kDa,与通过氨基酸序列计算的分子量大小相一致。
5、双突变酶(KA/LG)的酶动力学参数检测及与野生型StGDH的参数的比较
在Tris-HCl(pH8.0)终浓度为50mM、NADP+终浓度为250μM的固定的反应体系中,改变谷氨酸的终浓度,用Cary 300 Bio UV-Visible分光光度计,在25℃下检测A340的变化,相同的谷氨酸浓度平行做3~4次反应,取平均值作曲线,根据Lineweaver-Burk双倒数方程式计算各酶对的Km和kcat值。用同样的方法计算各酶对L-Met和L-Nle的Km和kcat值。结果表明该酶不仅可以以谷氨酸为底物,还可以以甲硫氨酸或正亮氨酸为底物。它们的Km值分别为438.76mM,68.48mM,26.81mM,具体数值见表1。
通过几个氨基酸残基的转变使谷氨酸脱氢酶转换为了一种新颖的氨基酸脱氢酶,能够以L-甲硫氨酸或者L-正亮氨酸为底物。这也就说明了这几个氨基酸是谷氨酸脱氢酶与底物L-谷氨酸相互识别的重要氨基酸。
通过这样的转变不仅使我们获得了一种新颖的酶,而且扩大了其底物特异性,使其能够同时利用几种不同的底物,这不仅增加了酶的多样性,而且在工业运用上也有很大价值。通过蛋白质工程的改造改变氨基酸脱氢酶的底物特异性,用于生产或者检测天然或非天然氨基酸。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110>安徽师范大学
<120>一种谷氨酸脱氢酶的突变体酶及其构建方法
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<213>鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium)
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Pro Asp Thr Asp Val Pro Gly Gly Asp Ile Gly Val Gly Gly Arg Glu
165 170 175
Val Gly Phe Met Ala Gly Met Met Arg Lys Leu Ser Asn Asn Ser Ser
180 185 190
Cys Val Phe Thr Gly Lys Gly Leu Ser Phe Gly Gly Ser Leu Ile Arg
195 200 205
Pro Glu Ala Thr Gly Tyr Gly Leu Val Tyr Phe Thr Glu Ala Met Leu
210 215 220
Lys Arg His Gly Leu Gly Phe Glu Gly Met Arg Val Ala Val Ser Gly
225 230 235 240
Ser Gly Asn Val Ala Gln Tyr Ala Ile Glu Lys Ala Met Ala Phe Gly
245 250 255
Ala Arg Val Val Thr Ala Ser Asp Ser Ser Gly Thr Val Val Asp Glu
260 265 270
Ser Gly Phe Thr Pro Glu Lys Leu Ala Arg Leu Cys Glu Ile Lys Ala
275 280 285
Ser Arg Asp Gly Arg Val Ala Asp Tyr Ala Arg Glu Phe Gly Leu Thr
290 295 300
Tyr Leu Glu Gly Gln Gln Pro Trp Ser Val Pro Val Asp Ile Ala Leu
305 310 315 320
Pro Cys Ala Thr Gln Asn Glu Leu Asp Val Asp Ala Ala Arg Val Leu
325 330 335
Ile Ala Asn Gly Val Lys Ala Val Ala Glu Gly Ala Asn Met Pro Thr
340 345 350
Thr Ile Glu Ala Thr Asp Leu Phe Leu Glu Ala Gly Val Leu Phe Ala
355 360 365
Pro Gly Lys Ala Ala Asn Ala Gly Gly Val Ala Thr Ser Gly Leu Glu
370 375 380
Met Ala Gln Asn Ala Ala Arg Leu Ser Trp Lys Ala Glu Lys Val Asp
385 390 395 400
Ala Arg Leu His His Ile Met Leu Asp Ile His His Ala Cys Val Glu
405 410 415
Tyr Gly Gly Asp Asn Lys His Thr Asn Tyr Val Gln Gly Ala Asn Ile
420 425 430
Ala Gly Phe Val Lys Val Ala Asp Ala Met Leu Ala Gln Gly Val Ile
435 440 445
Claims (3)
1.一种谷氨酸脱氢酶的突变体酶,其特征在于:它具有SEQ ID NO:1,所示的氨基酸序列。
2.一种编码权利要求1所述的谷氨酸脱氢酶的突变体酶的基因。
3.权利要求1所述的一种谷氨酸脱氢酶的突变体酶的构建方法,包括以下步骤:从鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium)中获得谷氨酸脱氢酶基因,通过突变引物获得了突变的基因片段,将突变基因片段与pET28b质粒连接,构建重组表达质粒pET28b-KA/LG;该重组质粒转化大肠杆菌感受态细胞,构建用于突变体酶表达的基因工程菌Rosetta(DE3)/pET28b-KA/LG;
所述的166位的突变引物为:
166位anti-sense:5′-GATATCCCCCCCAGGCACGTCG-3′;
166位sense:5′-GATACCGACGTGCCTGGGGGGGATA-3′;
92位突变引物为:
92位anti-sense:5′-GCATACCGCCAAGATAGGGGCCGATAG-3′;
92位sense:5′-TCGGCCCCTATCTTGGCGGTATGCG-3′。
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