CN102194284A - 车辆充电设备 - Google Patents

车辆充电设备 Download PDF

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CN102194284A
CN102194284A CN2011100399003A CN201110039900A CN102194284A CN 102194284 A CN102194284 A CN 102194284A CN 2011100399003 A CN2011100399003 A CN 2011100399003A CN 201110039900 A CN201110039900 A CN 201110039900A CN 102194284 A CN102194284 A CN 102194284A
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O·纳吉
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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Abstract

用于对分配有特定无线单元(13)的车辆(3)充电的设备，具有车辆(3)的放置位置(2)；分配给放置位置(2)的充电站(4)，用于对位于其上的车辆(3)充电；和与充电站(4)连接的收发器(9)，用于与无线单元(13)通信，其中收发器(9)根据与无线单元(13)的通信(14)激活充电站(4)用于充电过程，且收发器(9)具有通信区(12)，通信区限于放置位置(2)的区域或能定位位于该受限区域中的无线单元(13)。

Description

车辆充电设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于对被分配以特定的无线单元的车辆进行充电的设备，具有车辆放置位置、为该放置位置分配的用于经由充电线对位于放置位置上的车辆进行有线充电的充电站以及与充电站连接的用于与无线单元通信的收发器，其中收发器根据与无线单元的通信激活充电站以进行充电过程。
背景技术
在US2009/0174365A1或US2009/0177580中介绍了这种设备。根据从该文中已知的现有技术，车辆的驱动器配备有无线单元，例如RFID发射机应答器，如其根据加利福尼亚
Figure BDA0000047028030000011
系统用于对过路费进行支付那样。该方案具有以下缺点，即并不能确保由设备充电的车辆与中央系统中由使用者的无线单元所引用的结算帐户之间明确唯一的对应关系，因为只在设备和使用者之间存在相互联系。因此，例如另一车辆可能以该使用者的费用进行充电，或者使用者可能被要求对另一车辆的充电进行支付。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于克服所述现有技术的缺点并且提供一种用于对电动车辆进行充电的设备，该设备具有提高的操作安全性。该任务通过开头所述类型的设备实现，该设备根据本发明的特点在于，收发器具有限于该放置位置范围的通信区或者可以定位在该受限区域中的无线单元。以这种方式实现了要充电的车辆与无线单元之间强制的对应关系，从而在设计上避免了任何滥用(“通过设计实现的安全性”)。
本发明的一种特别有利的实施方式的特征在于，收发器以用于与无线单元通信的无线电信标的方式被构造，无线单元是无线公路收费系统的车辆固定的OBU。通过使用车辆固定的OBU(车载单元)，在充电过程中附加地增强了车辆绑定和车辆对应关系。此外，可以以特别有利的方式使用具有现有OBU的无线公路收费系统的现有基础设施，以便快速地实现覆盖广的用于电动车辆的充电站网络，或者以便快速地为停车场、车库等配备用于所有放置位置的充电设备。
为此特别有利的是，收发器是根据DSRC(专用短程通信)协议或WAVE(车辆环境无线接入：Wireless Access in a Vehicle Environment)协议的信标，用于与标准化的DSRC-OBU或WAVE-OBU通信。
根据本发明的另一特征，充电过程的电气充电参数可以基于收发器从无线单元中读出的数据来控制。这些数据可以直接说明电气充电参数，例如充电电流、充电电压、充电特征曲线等，或者这些数据可以指向存储在用于该无线单元的中央计算机中的这样的充电参数。
在本发明的另一有利实施方式中，该设备配备有对准放置位置的摄像机，并且充电站在充电过程开始和结束时和/或在充电过程中断、故障或偏离预定变化的情况下触发摄像机以进行摄像，或者为此检测被屏蔽的(geschirmt)充电线的屏蔽(Abschirmung)的故障。由此可以进一步提高针对欺诈和操纵的安全性。例如，因此可以借助于证据相片惩罚或自动检测欺骗地将充电线从一车辆改插到另一车辆，或者在萌芽时就已经识别出充电线上的操纵试图。
在集成到公路收费系统中的有利变体中，该设备优选地将充电过程的交易(Transaktion)发送到公路收费系统中心，这样可以对交易进行结算或在异常的情况下在公路收费系统的范围内实施相应的措施。
附图说明
以下借助于附图中所示出的实施例更详细地介绍本发明，在附图中：
图1和2以示意性的透视图示出了根据本发明的设备的两个不同实施方式，
图3以连接侧视图详细地显示了图1中的设备之一。
具体实施方式
图1中示出了用于对电动车辆或混合车辆充电的三个示例性的设备1。每个设备1包括用于车辆3(图3)的放置位置2以及分配给该放置位置2的用于对车辆充电的充电站。充电站4是常规形式的，并且例如具有用于充电线6的连接插座，充电线6用于将充电电流馈送到车辆3。充电站4经由本地电网7由公共供电网络8供电。
每个充电站4由收发器9控制，收发器具有电子模块10和与电子模块10连接的收发天线11。收发天线11具有定向的通信区12，该通信区限于相应设备1的放置位置2的区域。只有在该通信区12或放置位置2的该受限区域中，收发器9可以与车辆3所携带的无线单元13通信(箭头14)。
每个无线单元13对于相应车辆3是特定的，即配备有特定于车辆的标识(标记)，该标识在与收发器9通信14期间可以被交换并且相对于设备1对车辆3进行辨识。
优选地，无线单元13是车辆固定的车载单元(OBU)，如其也在常规无线公路收费系统中应用那样，并且例如可以被道路边缘的无线信标查询，以便对公路或停车位使用计费。这样的公路收费系统例如根据DSRC标准(专用短程通信)或WAVE标准(车辆环境无线接入)工作。相应地，无线单元13，尤其是DSRC-OBU或WAVE-OBU和收发器9具有与公路收费系统的DSRC信标或WAVE信标相同的功能。
经由数据线16，收发器9或其电子模块10与另一设备1、本地网络和/或公路收费系统中心(未示出)相连。
收发器9根据与位于其通信区12中的无线单元13的通信14控制充电站10。通过相应地对电子模块10编程可以确保充电站4只有在车辆3经由其无线单元13已经被相应地证实或登记并且由此确保充电过程的结算时才被激活用于对车辆3进行充电。结算例如可以通过以电子钱包的形式存储在无线单元13中的预付费帐号或者通过在公路收费系统中心中管理的后付费帐号来实现。为此目的，也可以经由数据线16进行相应的交易。
对准放置位置2的摄像机15连接到电子模块10。充电站4监视充电过程，并且在任何中断、故障和/或充电过程每次偏离预定变化(例如预定充电电流范围或充电电压范围或者预定充电特征曲线)的情况下通过电子模块10启动摄像机15的图像摄取。如果使用被屏蔽的充电线6，则可以电子地检测充电线的屏蔽故障，并且因此可以早期就已经识别出对充电线的操纵。可选地，也可以在每次充电过程开始或结束时执行摄像机15的图像摄取，用于证明的目的。摄像机15的图像摄取可以与设备1的其他数据一起经由数据线16发送到相应的分析装置，例如公路收费系统中心。
图2示出了设备1的一种替代实施方式，其中相同的附图标记表示相同的元件。在该实施方式中，为多个设备1设置具有覆盖多个放置位置2的较大通信区12的单个收发器9。换言之，在这里，通信区12并不限于一个放置位置2的区域。相反，收发器9例如通过其收发天线11的相应构造而被构造用于定位通信区12中无线单元13的位置P，使得在这里也可以实现一个无线单元13与设备1的一个放置位置2的明确唯一的对应关系。
为了定位位置P，可以使用现有技术中已知的任何技术，例如渡越时间测量、三角法或接收无线单元13的自主位置报告(例如如果这些无线单元可以借助于卫星导航等自身定位的话)。
可以为每个放置位置2设置一个各自的摄像机15，或者多个放置位置2可以分享一个公共的摄像机15。
本发明不限于所示出的实施方式，而是涵盖落入权利要求保护范围内的所有变体和修改。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于对分配有特定的无线单元的车辆充电的设备，具有：
用于车辆(3)的放置位置(2)；
分配给所述放置位置(2)的充电站(4)，用于经由充电线(6)对位于所述放置位置的车辆(3)进行有线充电，和
与所述充电站(4)连接的收发器(9)，用于与无线单元(13)通信，
其中所述收发器(9)根据与所述无线单元(13)的通信(14)而激活所述充电站(4)用于充电过程，其特征在于，
所述收发器(9)具有通信区(12)，所述通信区限于所述放置位置(2)的区域或者能够定位位于该受限区域中的无线单元(13)。
2.根据权利要求1的设备，其特征在于，所述收发器(9)以用于与作为无线公路收费系统的车辆固定的车载单元的无线单元(13)通信的信标的形式被构造。
3.根据权利要求2的设备，其特征在于，所述收发器(9)是用于与DSRC车载单元或WAVE车载单元(13)通信的DSRC信标或WAVE信标。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一的设备，其特征在于，所述充电过程的电气充电参数基于所述收发器(9)从所述无线单元(13)读出的数据而被控制。
5.根据权利要求1至4之一的设备，其特征在于，所述设备配备有对准所述放置位置(2)的摄像机(15)，并且所述充电站(4)在所述充电过程开始和结束时触发所述摄像机(15)以进行图像摄取。
6.根据权利要求1至5之一的设备，其特征在于，所述设备配备有对准所述放置位置(2)的摄像机(15)，并且所述充电站(4)在所述充电过程中断、故障或所述充电过程偏离预定变化时触发所述摄像机(15)以进行图像摄取。
7.根据权利要求6的设备，其特征在于，所述充电站(4)具有用于连接车辆的屏蔽的充电线(6)，并且在所述充电线的屏蔽发生故障时启动所述摄像机(15)以进行图像摄取。
8.根据权利要求2至7之一的设备，其特征在于，所述设备将充电过程的交易发送到公路收费系统中心。
CN2011100399003A 2010-02-18 2011-02-17 车辆充电设备 Pending CN102194284A (zh)

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CN103712556A (zh) * 2012-09-28 2014-04-09 西门子公司 定位系统及用于车辆定位的方法
CN106204755A (zh) * 2014-06-11 2016-12-07 童祺清 停车无线充电计费装置
CN106611978A (zh) * 2015-10-23 2017-05-03 湖南南车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 一种电动车辆在线充电管理系统
CN107428300A (zh) * 2015-04-07 2017-12-01 日产自动车株式会社 停车辅助系统以及停车辅助装置
CN111108018A (zh) * 2017-07-13 2020-05-05 全力制造公司 充电站
CN114867631A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2022-08-05 韦特里西提公司 用于无线电动车辆充电的无线网络配对

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CN103712556A (zh) * 2012-09-28 2014-04-09 西门子公司 定位系统及用于车辆定位的方法
US9477893B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2016-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Positioning system and method for positioning a vehicle
CN103712556B (zh) * 2012-09-28 2018-01-23 西门子公司 定位系统及用于车辆定位的方法
CN106204755A (zh) * 2014-06-11 2016-12-07 童祺清 停车无线充电计费装置
CN107428300A (zh) * 2015-04-07 2017-12-01 日产自动车株式会社 停车辅助系统以及停车辅助装置
CN107428300B (zh) * 2015-04-07 2019-07-02 日产自动车株式会社 停车辅助系统以及停车辅助装置
CN106611978A (zh) * 2015-10-23 2017-05-03 湖南南车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 一种电动车辆在线充电管理系统
CN111108018A (zh) * 2017-07-13 2020-05-05 全力制造公司 充电站
CN111108018B (zh) * 2017-07-13 2024-06-07 全力制造公司 充电站
CN114867631A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2022-08-05 韦特里西提公司 用于无线电动车辆充电的无线网络配对
CN114867631B (zh) * 2019-12-20 2023-08-04 韦特里西提公司 用于将设备配对的方法、车辆、无线充电站和网络管理器

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AU2011200085A1 (en) 2011-09-01
CL2011000334A1 (es) 2012-01-13
CA2731591A1 (en) 2011-08-18
PL2362363T3 (pl) 2013-09-30
ZA201100329B (en) 2011-10-26
AU2011200085B2 (en) 2014-05-01
DK2362363T3 (da) 2013-07-15
US20110199049A1 (en) 2011-08-18
NZ590462A (en) 2011-06-30
EP2565854A1 (de) 2013-03-06
ES2420608T3 (es) 2013-08-26
PT2362363E (pt) 2013-07-09
EP2362363B1 (de) 2013-04-17
US20130285607A1 (en) 2013-10-31
SI2362363T1 (sl) 2013-07-31
US9056554B2 (en) 2015-06-16
US8558502B2 (en) 2013-10-15
EP2362363A1 (de) 2011-08-31

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