CN102187034B - 具有保护涂层的自卷曲纺织套管及其构造方法 - Google Patents

具有保护涂层的自卷曲纺织套管及其构造方法 Download PDF

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CN102187034B
CN102187034B CN2009801397805A CN200980139780A CN102187034B CN 102187034 B CN102187034 B CN 102187034B CN 2009801397805 A CN2009801397805 A CN 2009801397805A CN 200980139780 A CN200980139780 A CN 200980139780A CN 102187034 B CN102187034 B CN 102187034B
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卡西·马洛依
拉梅什·R·阿弗拉
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Abstract

一种用于容置和保护细长元件以防止其暴露在磨损、热环境及其他环境条件下的自卷曲纺织套管及其构造方法。该套管包括由交织纱线构成的细长的壁，所述壁在相邻的纱线之间具有间隙。至少一个所述纱线在一温度下热成型以使所述壁关于所述套管的纵轴卷曲形成为自卷曲壁。所述壁具有内表面，所述内表面提供用于容纳所述细长元件的管状的腔。所述壁还具有外表面，在所述外表面上具有固化的层。所述固化的层在所述纱线热成型为自卷曲结构的温度下固化，其中固化的层填充所述相邻纱线之间的间隙以在所述壁上形成防渗层。

Description

具有保护涂层的自卷曲纺织套管及其构造方法
相关申请参考
本申请要求2008年9月5日递交的申请号为61/094,557的美国临时申请的权益，其通过引用整体并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于保护细长元件的套管，更具体地涉及一种自卷曲纺织套管。
背景技术
众所周知，例如在汽车、飞机或航天飞行器中，保护套管中的绕线和线束为电线提供保护，以防止磨损，流体和热效应。为了达到预期的保护，保护套管可具有多层，某些层专门提供不同类型的保护。例如，一层可具有防水性，如塑料材料的片材，而另一层可具有耐磨性，且又一层可提供热工况保护，如无纺布层。不幸的是，虽然上述多层套管可针对各种环境条件提供适当的保护，但他们通常体积庞大，因此，相对较重且灵活性受限。这可以证明在某些应用下不尽人意，特别是需要紧凑布线，缠绕区域和具有重量限制的应用，如飞机和航空航天应用。此外，多层的套管通常增加了成本。
发明内容
本发明的一方面提供了一种用于容置和保护细长元件以防止其暴露在磨损、热环境及其他环境条件(例如暴露在流体)下的自卷曲纺织套管。该套管包括由交织纱线构成的细长的壁，所述壁在相邻的纱线之间具有间隙。至少一个所述纱线在一温度下热成型以使所述壁关于所述套管的纵轴卷曲形成为自卷曲壁。所述壁具有内表面，所述内表面提供用于容纳所述细长元件的基本为管状的腔。所述壁还具有外表面，在所述外表面上具有固化的层。所述固化的层在所述纱线热成型为自卷曲结构的温度下固化，其中固化的层填充所述相邻纱线之间的间隙以在所述壁上形成液体防渗层。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种构造用于容置和保护细长元件的自卷曲纺织套管的方法。该方法包括：交织多个纱线以形成具有相对的外表面与内表面的壁。然后将液体涂料涂敷到所述外表面。此外，在一个温度下使所述壁热成型为自卷曲结构，其中所述内表面提供管状的腔。另外，在所述热成型步骤中，在所述温度下固化所述液体涂料以在所述壁的所述外表面上提供流体防渗层。
附图说明
结合以下优选实施例和最佳模式的详细描述，所附权利要求以及附图，本发明的这些和其他方面、特征和优点对本领域技术人员是显而易见的，其中：
图1A是根据本发明的一方面构造的用于支撑和保护细长元件的纺织自卷曲套管的局部立体示意图；
图1B是根据本发明的另一方面构造的用于支撑和保护细长元件的纺织自卷曲套管的局部立体示意图；
图1C是根据本发明的又一方面构造的用于支撑和保护细长元件的纺织自卷曲套管的局部立体示意图；
图2是图1的套管的局部放大截面图；
图2A是类似于图2的示图，示出了根据本发明的另一方面构造的套管；以及
图3是工艺流程图，示出了根据本发明的另一方面构造纺织自卷曲套管的方法。
具体实施方式
更具体地参见附图，图1示出了根据本发明的一方面构造的纺织自卷曲套管的示意图，以下称为套管10。该套管10具有自卷曲细长壁12，用于容置并保护细长元件，如电线或线束14，以防止其暴露在磨损、热环境和其他环境条件，如暴露在流体中。细长壁12具有外表面15和内表面17，细长壁12由至少一个、优选多个交织纱线16构成。至少一个纱线16热定型以使壁12偏置成自卷曲管状结构，当以外力使壁12从其自卷曲结构展开而处于松弛状态时，内表面17关于纵轴18自卷曲以提供一个封闭的管状内腔20。可沿着套管10的纵轴18容易地进入腔20，以使细长元件14可以容易地径向放置在腔20中，并且反过来容易地从腔20中移出，例如在维修期间。为进一步保护套管内的细长元件14，在外表面15上固化有保护膜，在下文称为层22，如图2中更好地示出。层22耐磨损，并对流体，例如水提供了一个防渗层。此外，层22为细长元件14提供保护，以抵御高达约200摄氏度的外部辐射热。由于层22所提供的保护，交织壁12的厚度可以最小化，因此纱线16的旦尼尔和/或直径可降低，同时对电线14提供增强的保护。例如，纱线16的旦尼尔可以是800旦或更少。因此，套管10提供了对磨损，热和流体的增强的保护，同时在制造上更具经济性，并具有减轻的重量。
细长壁12可以具有任何合适的尺寸，包括长度，直径和壁厚。细长壁12具有基本上平行于轴18延伸并终止于相对端(仅示出一端28)的相对侧24和26。当壁12在其自卷曲管状结构时，基本上无任何施加的外力，相对侧24和26至少轻微互相重叠以完全在圆周上围成腔20，因此，细长壁12围绕细长壁12的整个圆周对容纳在腔20内的电线14提供增强的保护。相对侧24和26在施加的外力下容易地远离彼此展开，以至少部分打开并暴露腔20。因此，电线14在装配期间可容易地放入腔20或在维修期间可容易地从腔20中移出。当施加的外力释放时，相对侧24和26在由热定型施加的偏置下自动返回其松弛的、重叠的自卷曲位置。
细长壁12可以由复丝纱线和/或单丝纱线构成，至少一个或多个纱线可热定型。例如，一个或多个纱线16可提供为可热定型的聚合物材料，如聚苯硫醚(PPS)，其可在约200-225摄氏度的温度下热定型。细长壁12可根据需要由纱线16编织(图1A)，针织(图1B)，或编结(图1C)而成。因此，在相邻的纱线16之间形成了空隙，也称为间隙32。间隙32延伸穿过细长壁12的厚度，因此，提供从外表面15至内表面17并进入腔20的开放通道。
如图3所示，在以交织纱线16形成纺织细长壁12时，无论使用编结，针织，还是编织设备，层22形成在细长壁12的外表面15上。最初层22以液体涂料，例如通过喷涂，刷涂，浸涂或辊涂涂敷在细长壁12的外表面15上。如图2A所示，也可以形成层22’以覆盖内表面17，特别是如果采用浸涂工艺将液体涂料涂敷到交织纱线16上时。该液体涂料为氟碳聚合物，如氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)，并且可从位于Elverson，PA的Whitford公司购买名为EterniTex67-002/D8436的产品。该液体涂料包括大约65％重量的氟和约18-22％重量的聚合物固体。当将液体涂料涂敷到外表面15时，通过加热固化该液体涂料。施加的热量足以使液体涂料中的聚合物颗粒熔融结合，从而将液体涂料转换为在外表面15上所形成的连续的薄膜或层22。优选地，在用于使细长壁中的PPS纱线16热定型为其自卷曲结构的加热过程中固化该涂料。因此，在用于使细长壁12形成自卷曲衬底的相同的加热过程中并在同一温度下，固化该液体涂料以在外表面15上形成层22作为液体防渗层。因此，用于形成自卷曲套管10的制造过程具经济性。固化液体涂料后，形成防渗层的层22完全填充间隙32并从外表面15径向向外延伸，从而使细长壁12具有能够保护腔20以防止液体进入的能力。此外，由于层22从交织纱线16径向向外延伸，层22为细长壁12的纱线16提供完整的周向保护以防止磨损。虽然完全填充间隙32，但也可未到达内表面17形成层22，因此，内表面17可不具有或实质上不具有层22。否则，如图2A所示，如果需要的话，层22也可以形成为与内表面17齐平地延伸或穿过内表面17延伸，从而覆盖内表面17并完全包围交织纱线16。
显然，根据教导本发明可具有多种变化和修改。因此应理解在权利要求的保护范围内，本发明可以本文所述以外的方式实施。

Claims (18)

1.一种用于容置和保护细长元件的自卷曲纺织套管，包括：
由交织纱线构成的细长的壁，所述壁在相邻的纱线之间具有间隙，至少一个所述纱线在一温度下热成型以使所述壁关于所述套管的纵轴偏置为自卷曲壁，所述壁具有内表面和外表面，所述内表面提供用于容纳所述细长元件的管状的腔；以及
在所述壁的所述外表面上由固化的液体涂料形成的层，所述液体涂料在所述温度下可固化并填充所述间隙以使所述壁不渗透液体。
2.如权利要求1所述的自卷曲纺织套管，其特征在于，所述层从所述外表面径向向外延伸。
3.如权利要求2所述的自卷曲纺织套管，其特征在于，所述内表面实质上不具有所述层。
4.如权利要求2所述的自卷曲纺织套管，其特征在于，所述层从所述内表面径向向内延伸。
5.如权利要求1所述的自卷曲纺织套管，其特征在于，所述至少一个所述纱线在200-225摄氏度的温度下热定型。
6.如权利要求5所述的自卷曲纺织套管，其特征在于，所述液体涂料在200-225摄氏度的温度下固化。
7.如权利要求6所述的自卷曲纺织套管，其特征在于，所述液体涂料为氟碳聚合物。
8.如权利要求1所述的自卷曲纺织套管，其特征在于，所述壁是编织形成的。
9.如权利要求1所述的自卷曲纺织套管，其特征在于，所述壁是编结形成的。
10.如权利要求1所述的自卷曲纺织套管，其特征在于，所述壁是针织形成的。
11.一种构造用于容置和保护细长元件的自卷曲纺织套管的方法，包括：
形成具有在相对的外表面与内表面之间延伸的间隙的交织纺织壁；
将液体涂料涂敷到所述外表面；
在一个温度下使所述壁热成型为自卷曲结构，其中所述内表面提供管状的腔；以及
在所述热成型步骤中，在所述温度下固化所述液体涂料。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括在所述固化步骤中将所述液体涂料转换为在所述外表面上所形成的防渗层。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括以所述防渗层填充所述间隙并在所述内表面上形成防渗层。
14.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括使所述内表面实质上不具有所述防渗层。
15.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述液体涂料为氟碳聚合物。
16.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括编织所述壁。
17.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括编结所述壁。
18.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括针织所述壁。
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