The structure and the manufacture method thereof of LED protection diode
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing technology of LED protection diode, relate in particular to the chip structure and the manufacture method thereof of the LED protection diode that is applied to many LED lamp series connection formations.
Background technology
LED (light-emitting diode) fluorescent tube has been widely used in lighting, stop-light, the electronic data display owing to have advantages such as volume is little, in light weight, the life-span is long.After many LED lamp series connection of the most employings of LED illumination, display unit commonly used at present, mix suitable constant-flow driver and form.For the luminous branch road that many LED lamp series connection constitute, wherein a LED lamp damages and will cause whole branch road open circuit, and causes the LED lamp on the whole branch road to extinguish, and seriously also can damage other LED lamp in parallel with this branch road.
Each discloses a kind of LED protective device CN1889804A and CN201114864Y patent application; two protective devices adopt several separating components such as thyristor, voltage-stabiliser tube, resistance to form respectively; wiring complexity on the PVC version, occupied area is bigger, the production cost height.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the above-mentioned defective of prior art; provide a kind of LED protection chip manufacturing process simple; be easy to produce; simple flow; chip area is little, rate of finished products height, the low technical scheme of single chips cost; that is, provide a kind of LED protection diode chip for backlight unit technique manufacturing method, LED protection diode chip for backlight unit and protective device thereof.Described a kind of LED protection diode chip for backlight unit manufacture method comprises the steps:
Carry out N type extension on the step 1:P+ substrate;
Step 2: N type epitaxial surface is carried out oxidation;
Step 3: the SIO2 layer to N type epitaxial surface carries out chemical wet etching, forms P+ boron diffusion window at the SIO2 layer;
Step 4: the P+ window is carried out the P+ boron diffusion;
Step 5: the SIO2 that removes epitaxial surface;
Step 6: N type epitaxial surface is carried out oxidation;
Step 7: N type epitaxial surface is carried out photoetching, form photoresist P window;
Step 8: the P window is injected boron;
Step 9: remove photoresist, P is injected window annealing, form the P district;
Step 10: N type epitaxial surface is carried out photoetching, form photoresist N+ window;
Step 11: the N+ window is injected arsenic;
Step 12: remove photoresist, to N type epitaxial surface deposit SIO2, inject after annealing, form the N+ district;
Step 13: the SIO2 layer to N type epitaxial surface carries out chemical wet etching, forms the hole window at the SIO2 layer;
Step 14: at surface sputtering or evaporation aluminium;
Step 15: aluminium is carried out photoetching, etching, form the aluminium electrode;
Step 16: the deposit passivation layer, passivation layer is carried out photoetching, etching, form the pressure point window, metallized in the back side.
Another object of the present invention is to utilize above-mentioned method, and a kind of structure that can close the LED protection diode chip for backlight unit of envelope with led chip is provided.The structure of described a kind of LED protection diode chip for backlight unit is formed:
The P+ substrate carries out N type extension on the P+ substrate, and N type epitaxial surface is carried out oxidation; SIO2 layer to N type epitaxial surface carries out chemical wet etching, forms P+ boron diffusion window at the SIO2 layer; The P+ window is carried out the P+ boron diffusion, remove the SIO2 of epitaxial surface, N type epitaxial surface is carried out oxidation; N type epitaxial surface is carried out photoetching, form photoresist P window; The P window is injected boron, remove photoresist, P is injected window annealing, form the P base; N type epitaxial surface is carried out photoetching, form photoresist N+ window; The N+ window is injected arsenic, remove photoresist, to N type epitaxial surface deposit SIO2, inject after annealing, form the N+ district; SIO2 layer to N type epitaxial surface carries out chemical wet etching, forms the hole window at the SIO2 layer, at surface sputtering or evaporation aluminium; Aluminium is carried out photoetching, etching, form the aluminium electrode; The deposit passivation layer, passivation layer is carried out photoetching, etching, form the pressure point window, to the back side formation electrode that metallizes.
A kind of LED that utilizes above-mentioned LED to protect the structure of diode chip for backlight unit to constitute protects the protective device of diode, and this device comprises a PNP triode, a NPN triode, an epitaxial electric resistance, a P/N+ diode and a P/N epitaxial diode; Wherein the emitter e of PNP triode is connected with the negative pole of epitaxial electric resistance and P/N epitaxial diode by P+ boron diffusion district, surface metal AL, the emitter b of PNP triode is connected with the negative pole of the other end of epitaxial electric resistance and P/N+ diode, the collector electrode C of NPN triode, the base stage B of NPN triode is connected with the positive pole of P/N+ diode and the collector electrode c of PNP triode, and the emitter E of NPN triode is connected with the positive pole of P/N epitaxial diode and the collector electrode c of PNP triode; After this LED protection diode chip for backlight unit can encapsulate separately, be connected in parallel on the both sides of LED device during use, front metal aluminium electrode 1 end links to each other with the LED negative pole, and backplate 2 ends link to each other with LED is anodal, every LEDs LED protection in parallel diode; Also can directly encapsulate the inside that is connected in parallel on the LED device.When damaging open circuit for a certain in the LED lamp string, when voltage be higher than P/N+ diode breakdown voltage and PNP, NPN transistor base emitter forward voltage and the time, puncturing appears in inner P/N+ diode, PNP, NPN transistor base emitter forward current increase, PNP, the conducting of NPN triode, emitter current increases, and electric current flows into from the PNP transistor emitter, thereby avoids occurring the situation that a whole cluster of lamps, ornamental does not work from the outflow of NPN transistor emitter; And when the LED lamp string was pressed reversal connection, inner P/N epitaxial diode conducting, and the about 0.7V of conducting voltage were lower than the voltage of single LEDs, thereby protected the LED can be owing to reversal connection was lost efficacy.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that LED protection chip manufacturing process of the present invention is simple, be easy to produce, simple flow, chip area is little, the rate of finished products height, single chips cost is low; LED protection chip of the present invention can also can encapsulate separately according to using needs directly to close the inside that envelope is connected in parallel on the LED device, is connected in parallel on the both sides of LED device during use, can satisfy different line applications demands; Compare with other LED protective device, protective device of the present invention has characteristics such as simple installation, cost are low, highly versatile, and extensively model is used in the various lightings that are composed in series with a plurality of LED bulbs.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) carries out N type extension schematic diagram on the P+ substrate;
Fig. 1 (b) carries out the oxidation schematic diagram to N type epitaxial surface;
Fig. 1 (c) forms P+ boron diffusion window schematic diagram at the SIO2 layer;
Fig. 1 (d) carries out P+ boron diffusion schematic diagram to the P+ window;
Fig. 1 (e) is a SIO2 schematic diagram of removing epitaxial surface;
Fig. 1 (f) is the schematic diagram that N type epitaxial surface is carried out oxidation;
Fig. 1 (g) is the schematic diagram that forms photoresist P window;
Fig. 1 (h) is the schematic diagram that the P window is injected boron;
Fig. 1 (i) is the schematic diagram that forms the P district;
Fig. 1 (j) is the schematic diagram that forms photoresist N+ window;
Fig. 1 (k) is the schematic diagram that the N+ window is injected arsenic;
Fig. 1 (l) is the schematic diagram that forms the N+ district;
Fig. 1 (m) is the schematic diagram that forms the hole window at the SIO2 layer;
Fig. 1 (n) is the schematic diagram at surface sputtering or evaporation aluminium;
Fig. 1 (o) is the schematic diagram that forms the aluminium electrode;
Fig. 1 (p) carries out metallized schematic diagram to the back side;
Fig. 2 (a) is the schematic diagram of LED protection diode chip for backlight unit cross-section structure;
Fig. 2 (b) is a LED protection diode chip for backlight unit substitutional connection schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 (c) is a LED protection diode voltage current relationship curve chart;
Fig. 2 (d) is the schematic diagram in parallel with the LED device after the LED protection diode package of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing a kind of LED protection diode chip for backlight unit technique manufacturing method of the present invention, LED protection diode chip for backlight unit and protective device thereof are further described.LED protection diode chip for backlight unit technique manufacturing method of the present invention comprises following concrete steps:
Step 1: resistivity is less than P<111 of 0.02 Ω cm〉carry out N type extension on the substrate, epitaxial thickness 12~14um, electrical resistivity of epitaxy 0.8~1 Ω cm is as Fig. 1 (a);
Step 2: N type epitaxial surface is carried out oxidation, generate thickness 0.6~0.8umSIO2, as Fig. 1 (b);
Step 3: the SIO2 layer to N type epitaxial surface carries out chemical wet etching, forms P+ boron diffusion window at the SIO2 layer, as Fig. 1 (c);
Step 4: the P+ window is carried out the P+ boron diffusion, P+ boron diffusion square resistance: 5~7 Ω/, junction depth: 10~11um is as Fig. 1 (d);
Step 5: remove the SIO2 of epitaxial surface, as Fig. 1 (e);
Step 6: N type epitaxial surface is carried out oxidation, generate thickness 0.02~0.04um SIO2, as Fig. 1 (f);
Step 7: N type epitaxial surface is carried out photoetching, form photoresist P window, as Fig. 1 (g);
Step 8: the P window is injected 60keV 3.0E14cm-2 boron ion, as Fig. 1 (h);
Step 10: N type epitaxial surface is carried out photoetching, form photoresist N+ window, as Fig. 1 (j);
Step 11: the N+ window is injected 120keV 6.0E15cm-2 arsenic ion, as Fig. 1 (k);
Step 12: remove photomask surface glue; To 720 ℃ of N type epitaxial surfaces, LPCVD growth 0.5~0.6um SIO2; Inject back 1050 ℃, 20 ' N2 annealing forms the N+ district, as Fig. 1 (l);
Step 13: the SIO2 layer to N type epitaxial surface carries out chemical wet etching, forms the hole window at the SIO2 layer, as Fig. 1 (m);
Step 14: at surface sputtering or evaporate 1.5~3um aluminum metal, as Fig. 1 (n);
Step 15: aluminium is carried out photoetching, etching, 430 ℃ of 30 ' N2 alloys, form aluminium electrode such as Fig. 1 (o);
Step 16: surface low-temperature deposit 0.8~1.2um passivation layer; Passivation layer is carried out photoetching, etching, form the pressure point window; Metallized in the back side, as Fig. 1 (p).
Fig. 2 (a) is the schematic diagram of LED protection diode chip for backlight unit cross-section structure.Shown in Fig. 2 (a), represented a kind of structure that can close the LED protection diode chip for backlight unit of envelope with led chip.The structure of described a kind of LED protection diode chip for backlight unit is formed:
The P+ substrate carries out N type extension on the P+ substrate, and N type epitaxial surface is carried out oxidation; SIO2 layer to N type epitaxial surface carries out chemical wet etching, forms P+ boron diffusion window at the SIO2 layer; The P+ window is carried out the P+ boron diffusion, remove the SIO2 of epitaxial surface, N type epitaxial surface is carried out oxidation; N type epitaxial surface is carried out photoetching, form photoresist P window; The P window is injected boron, remove photoresist, P is injected window annealing, form the P base; N type epitaxial surface is carried out photoetching, form photoresist N+ window; The N+ window is injected arsenic, remove photoresist, to N type epitaxial surface deposit SIO2, inject after annealing, form the N+ district; SIO2 layer to N type epitaxial surface carries out chemical wet etching, forms the hole window at the SIO2 layer, at surface sputtering or evaporation aluminium; Aluminium is carried out photoetching, etching, form the aluminium electrode; The deposit passivation layer, passivation layer is carried out photoetching, etching, form the pressure point window, to the back side formation electrode that metallizes.
Fig. 2 (b) is a LED protection diode chip for backlight unit substitutional connection schematic diagram of the present invention.Fig. 2 (d) is that LED protection diode of the present invention directly encapsulates the schematic diagram that is connected in parallel on the LED device inside.Shown in Fig. 2 (b), the PNP of Fig. 2 (b) is made of the P+ substrate among Fig. 2 (a), N extension, P base three parts; NPN is made of the N extension among Fig. 1, P base, emitter region N+ three parts; The P/N epitaxial diode is made of the N extension among Fig. 1, P base, edge-emission district N+ three parts; The P/N+ diode is made of the emitter region N+ among Fig. 1, P base two parts; Epitaxial electric resistance is made of emitter region N+ three parts at the edge-emission district N+ among Fig. 1, N extension, center.
This structure comprises a PNP triode, a NPN triode, an epitaxial electric resistance, a P/N+ diode and a P/N epitaxial diode; Wherein the emitter e of PNP triode is connected with the negative pole of epitaxial electric resistance and P/N epitaxial diode by P+ boron diffusion district, surface metal AL, the emitter b of PNP triode is connected with the negative pole of the other end of epitaxial electric resistance and P/N+ diode, the collector electrode C of NPN triode, the base stage B of NPN triode is connected with the positive pole of P/N+ diode and the collector electrode c of PNP triode, and the emitter E of NPN triode is connected with the positive pole of P/N epitaxial diode and the collector electrode c of PNP triode.
Fig. 2 (c) is a LED protection diode voltage current relationship curve chart.Shown in Fig. 2 (d), after this LED protection diode chip for backlight unit can encapsulate separately, be connected in parallel on the both sides of LED device during use, front metal aluminium electrode 1 end links to each other with the LED negative pole, backplate 2 ends link to each other with LED is anodal, every LEDs LED protection in parallel diode; Also can directly encapsulate the inside that is connected in parallel on the LED device as required, front metal aluminium electrode 1 end links to each other with the LED negative pole, and backplate 2 ends link to each other with LED is anodal.When damaging open circuit for a certain in the LED lamp string, when voltage be higher than P/N+ diode breakdown voltage and PNP, NPN transistor base emitter forward voltage and the time, puncturing appears in inner P/N+ diode, PNP, NPN transistor base emitter forward current increase, PNP, the conducting of NPN triode, emitter current increases, and electric current flows into from the PNP transistor emitter, thereby avoids occurring the situation that a whole cluster of lamps, ornamental does not work from the outflow of NPN transistor emitter; And when the LED lamp string is pressed reversal connection; inner at first conducting of P/N epitaxial diode; and the about 0.7V of conducting voltage; be lower than the voltage of single LEDs; thereby protection LED can be owing to reversal connection not be lost efficacy, and Fig. 2 (c) is that LED protection diode voltage current relationship curve chart can clearly illustrate that its protective value.
Be to be understood that to be that the foregoing description is just to explanation of the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention, anyly do not exceed the replacement of the unsubstantiality in the connotation scope of the present invention or the innovation and creation of modification all fall into protection range of the present invention.