CN102150555B - Method for culturing pleurotus geesteranus uniformly rich in selenium by using mixed selenium source - Google Patents

Method for culturing pleurotus geesteranus uniformly rich in selenium by using mixed selenium source Download PDF

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CN102150555B
CN102150555B CN2010105801597A CN201010580159A CN102150555B CN 102150555 B CN102150555 B CN 102150555B CN 2010105801597 A CN2010105801597 A CN 2010105801597A CN 201010580159 A CN201010580159 A CN 201010580159A CN 102150555 B CN102150555 B CN 102150555B
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selenium
particle
cultivation
additive
feed additives
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CN102150555A (en
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李飞
李红丽
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Suzhou Setek Co Ltd
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Suzhou Setek Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for culturing pleurotus geesteranus uniformly rich in selenium by using a mixed selenium source. The method is characterized by comprising steps of: mixing selenium-enriched culture material additive in an amount which is 1 to 10 percent of the total weight of a dry culture material in the dry culture material, and culturing according to the common culture method to obtain the pleurotus geesteranus uniformly rich in selenium, wherein the selenium-enriched culture material additive has the total selenium content of 5 to 300mg/kg; the particles with the particle size of 0.005 to 5.0mm in the selenium-enriched culture material additive are in multi-particle-size regional distribution, and particles with the particle size of 1.0 to 5.0mm at least account for 10 percent of the total weight of the additive; particles with the particle size of 0.005 to 0.1mm at least account for 40 percent of the total weight of the additive; the mixed selenium source is a mixture of an organic selenium source and an inorganic selenium source; the inorganic selenium source is one or a combination of two of sodium selenate and sodium selenite; and the organic selenium source is selenious yeast. The pleurotus geesteranus prepared by the method has high utilization rate and stable selenium content in different batches; in addition, by the method, selenium pollution is avoided, and the method is easy to operate and easy to promote.

Description

Utilize and mix the method that selenium source carries out the precious mushroom of even selenium-enriching cultivation show
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible mushroom, particularly a kind of mixing selenium source that utilizes carries out the selenium nutrition-intensified method of elegant precious mushroom, belongs to the conversion technology field of selenium resource.
Background technology
Elegant precious mushroom (Pleurotus geesteranus) belongs to Eumycota, Basidiomycetes, Agaricales, Pleurotaceae Pleurotus on taxonomy.Elegant precious mushroom quality is tender and crisp, fresh and sweet tasty and refreshing, has happy crab fragrance, and is nutritious, has higher edible and medical value, is the strain excellent in the oyster cap fungus.It is a kind of high protein, low-fat nutraceutical, and its protein content approaches meat, and than the high 3-6 of general vegetables doubly, and its quality is delicate, and fiber content is few; More valuablely be, it contains ethnic group self and can not make, and the threonine that lacks usually in the food, lysine, homo amino acid etc.This kind edible mushroom is gained the name because of delicate and precious, and its shape is small and exquisite, and is delicious in taste, very popular, and in very great demand in the international market, DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT is wide.
Selenium is a kind of humans and animals trace elements necessary, have remove free radical anti-oxidant (, delay senility, biological propertyes such as anticancer, enhancing immunity, antagonism heavy metal.It is 50～250 μ g that a day selenium intake is recommended by Chinese Soclety of Nutrition.The main meals that lean in human body selenium source are taken in, but China adult's average day selenium intake only have about 36 μ g, and therefore, the selemium nutrition condition of poor is at China's ubiquity.The data that WHO announces shows that also the whole world has more than 40 country to belong to low selenium or scarce selenium area.
Rich selenium agricultural byproducts are human body Selenium Supplement element effective ways, and therefore, technique of enriched selenium is scientists study hot of research and development field.The nutritionist points out that except that dietary fiber, edible mushroom contains the complete nutrients matter of needed by human body, and an adult eats the 100g edible mushroom every day, can obtain the 15-17g high-quality protein; Can obtain 600mg calcium, be equivalent to 80% of daily requirement; Can satisfy 11% of human body amphemera requirement, but Se content is lower than 5 μ g/kg in the general edible mushroom.Existing edible mushroom selenium-enriching cultivation technology is mainly directly adds the selenium salting liquid in cultivate material; Method is simple, cost is lower for this; But inorganic residual quantity is big, toxicity big, absorption difference, and edible mushroom is low to se use efficiency in the cultivate material, and major part rests on laboratory or small test stage; And be difficult to realize controllability in the cycle to the product selenium content in whole growth; The rich selenium amount fluctuation of fruit body big and selenium form safety and less stable etc.
Summary of the invention
Problems such as the object of the invention is to provide the even selenium-enriching cultivation method of the precious mushroom of a kind of show, and it is batch inhomogeneous to have solved in the prior art behind the selenium-enriching cultivation between the growth of elegant precious mushroom head tide or many tide growth elegant each strains of precious mushroom in back Se content, and the rich selenium amount fluctuation of fruit body is big.
In order to solve these problems of the prior art, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A kind of utilization mixed the method that selenium source carries out the precious mushroom of even selenium-enriching cultivation show; It is characterized in that said method is included in cultivation and sneaks into 1～10% the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives that accounts for cultivation siccative gross weight, the step of cultivating the elegant precious mushroom that obtains even rich selenium according to the common cultivation method in the siccative; Wherein to contain the selenium total amount be 5～300mg/kg to the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives, and grain diameter is many particle size region and distributes in the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0mm scope, and particle diameter is that the particle of 1.0～5.0mm accounts for 10% of additive gross weight at least; Particle diameter is that the particle of 0.005～0.1mm accounts for 40% of additive gross weight at least; Said mixing selenium source is the mixture of organic selenium source and inorganic selenium source, and said inorganic selenium source is selected from one or both combination in any of sodium selenate and sodium selenite; Said organic selenium source is a selenium yeast.
Preferably, grain diameter is three particle size region distributions in the said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0mm scope, comprises with its weight percent meter in additive:
Particle diameter is the particle 10～20% of 1.0～5.0mm;
Particle diameter is the particle 40～70% of 0.005～0.1mm;
The particle 20～40% of other particle size range.
Preferably, grain diameter is three particle size region distributions in the said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0mm scope, comprises with its weight percent meter in additive:
Particle diameter is the particle 10% of 1.0～5.0mm;
Particle diameter is the particle 50% of 0.005～0.1mm;
The particle 40% of other particle size range.
Preferably, grain diameter is three particle size region distributions in the said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0mm scope, comprises with its weight percent meter in additive:
Particle diameter is the particle 10% of 1.0～5.0mm;
Particle diameter is the particle 60% of 0.005～0.1mm;
The particle 30% of other particle size range.
Preferably, grain diameter is three particle size region distributions in the said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0mm scope, comprises with its weight percent meter in additive:
Particle diameter is the particle 20% of 1.0～5.0mm;
Particle diameter is the particle 50% of 0.005～0.1mm;
The particle 30% of other particle size range.
Preferably, grain diameter is three particle size region distributions in the said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0mm scope, comprises with its weight percent meter in additive:
Particle diameter is the particle 10% of 1.0～5.0mm;
Particle diameter is the particle 70% of 0.005～0.1mm;
The particle 20% of other particle size range.
Preferably, the component raw material that adopts of said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives comprises in parts by weight separately:
Maize cob meal 100 parts by weight;
Sodium selenate 0.0006～0.024 parts by weight;
Sodium selenite 0.00055～0.022 parts by weight;
Selenium yeast 0.225～9% parts by weight.
Preferably, said cultivation siccative comprises with the weight percent meter of its component:
Corncob 75%;
Cotton seed hulls 20%;
Quicklime 3%;
Land plaster 1%;
Composite fertilizer 1%.
Preferably; Said common cultivation method comprises the cultivation siccative of sneaking into the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives according to material-water ratio adding in 1: 1.3 running water, abundant stirring and evenly mixing, heap fermentation; Handle with high pressure steam sterilization the pack back, makes final composts or fertilisers of cultivating inoculated and cultured selenium enriched oyster mushroom.
Preferably, said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives as the selenium source carrier, can effectively prevent that selenium source runs off and the even distribution of assurance selenium source with maize cob meal.
Preferably, the particle of said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives is pulverized back granulation process completion through mixing selenium source and corncob.
The applicant is through a large amount of research and test; In conjunction with elegant precious mushroom the utilize advantage and the many tides of edible mushroom of certain culturing raw material are grown and each damp amount of growth different features; A kind ofly be selenium source and have the different proportioning characteristics of different grain size through preparing with multi-form selenium; Can discharge the elegant precious mushroom specialist additive of selenium wherein with different speed; Provide a kind of mixing selenium source that utilizes to carry out the selenium nutrition-intensified method of elegant precious mushroom, realize that the stability of rich selenium amount between each damp mushroom reaches high usage and the high conversion ratio that absorbs to the selenium resource.
When the present invention implements, can carry out according to following steps:
At first prepare a kind of selenium enriched oyster mushroom cultivate material additive:
1. with a kind of natural crops offcuts, corncob through screening, dry, to be crushed to particle diameter be 0.005～0.1mm, the prescription of the required cultivate material additive of the precious mushroom of design cultivation of selenium-rich show.
This additive formulations is following:
100 parts of maize cob meals;
0.0006～0.024 part of sodium selenate;
0.00055～0.022 part of sodium selenite;
0.225～9 part of selenium yeast.
2. above-mentioned sodium selenate and sodium selenite are common commercially available prod; Selenium yeast is the dark friendly selenium yeast in Zhejiang, and average grain diameter is 0.1mm, and total Se content is 2000mg/kg; With above two or three selenium source and the abundant stirring and evenly mixing of maize cob meal, make particle diameter below 0.1mm, selenium content is compound in 5～300mg/kg scope.
3. above-mentioned compound processing granulation, make it to become the different particle of granularity, its particle diameter is controlled at respectively in 0.005～0.1mm, 0.1～1.0mm, the 1.0～5.0mm scope.
4. three kinds of particle diameters are respectively: the particle of 0.005～0.1mm, 0.1～1.0mm, 1.0～5.0mm mixes by following percentage by weight: 40～70%, 20～40%, 10～20%; Promptly obtain having the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives of different grain size proportioning characteristic, its total selenium content is still in the 5-300mg/kg scope.
According to the difference of selenium enriched oyster mushroom product purpose, select selenium content different cultivated feed additives during cultivation.For example, daily edible rich selenium mushroom cultivation can be selected the cultivate material additive in 5～50mg/kg scope; The health care medicine is eaten rich selenium mushroom cultivation can select the cultivate material additive in 100～300mg/kg scope.
The basis cultivate material is formed: corncob 75%, cotton seed hulls 20%, quicklime 3%, land plaster 1%, composite fertilizer 1%.During the cultivate material spice, the ratio in 1～10% is sneaked into basic cultivate material with additive, and stirring and evenly mixing makes in the cultivate material final selenium content in 0.5～30mg/kg scope.
Add running water by material-water ratio 1: 1.3 and fully stir, mixing once more, heap fermentation, the steam sterilization sterilization treatment is used in the pack back, makes final composts or fertilisers of cultivating inoculated and cultured selenium enriched oyster mushroom; Also can directly adopt the cultivation in raw material mode to produce the selenium enriched oyster mushroom.
When the precious massee fruiting bodies of show was gathered, sampling detected wherein Se content, and bright appearance Se content improves 6～280 times than the precious mushroom of common cultivation show, is 0.2～10mg/kg.And organic selenium content significantly increases in the fruit body, and the selenium that wherein exists with various seleno-amino acids forms accounts for total selenium about 80%.
Statistics output and se use efficiency in the damp mushroom recovery process, the result shows: selenium nutrition-intensified group is improved more than 20% than common cultivation group head tide mushroom output, and se use efficiency is up to 40%.
In the whole growth of fruit body in the cycle; The relative standard deviation RSD of its selenium content can be strict controlled in 15%, and fluctuation is far below common cultivation (RSD is higher than 60%) and do not possess (RSD is higher than 30%) edible mushroom of the additive cultivation of different grain size proportioning characteristic; Selenium content is more stable in the same stage fruit body, and RSD all is lower than 5%.
Frying on an equal basis under the condition, letting 5 personnel that the precious mushroom of common show and selenium enriched oyster mushroom mushroom meat mouthfeel, local flavor are marked.The result: the selenium enriched oyster mushroom exceeds 5 fens than the precious mushroom of common show.
Utilizing the present invention can promote elegant precious mushroom is colory rich selenium product, is that daily delicacies can be used as the dietotherapy good merchantable brand again, and the people that are more convenient for accept.
With respect to scheme of the prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
(1) the cultivate material additive for preparing among the present invention is the selenium-enriched edible mushroom specialist additive, in conjunction with the edible fungi growth characteristics, has different grain size proportioning characteristic, can realize that selenium wherein discharges with different speed, thereby realizes the stability of rich selenium amount between each damp mushroom.
(2) inorganic selenium mixes use in the additive with organic selenium, can supply mycelia and fruit body to select to absorb and transform; The adsorbable selenium source of maize cob meal prevents that effectively selenium source runs off and the even distribution of assurance selenium source.
(3) the present invention through elementary compound preparation, granulation and each granularity particle in varing proportions mixing and other steps realize the stability of additive quality; Realize mixing once more through spice before the cultivate material fermentation, this just guarantees the even distribution of selenium resource in cultivate material, is beneficial to the even absorption to selenium of mycelium and fruit body.
(4) through additive and common cultivation material by a certain percentage (1～10%) mix, process the cultivate material of final selenium content in 0.5～30mg/kg scope, can make that the selenium resource is fully absorbed in the cultivate material, organic selenium content significantly improves in the fruit body.Testing result shows that selenomethionine is the main occurrence patterns of selenium in the elegant precious mushroom, and this form selenium accounts for about 80% of total Se content.
(5) use the selenium enriched oyster mushroom that the present invention produces, bright mushroom selenium content can be strict controlled between 0.2～2.5mg/kg and the 4～10mg/kg, and the former can supply daily edible, and the latter can be used as food therapeutic health.
(6) statistics output and se use efficiency in the damp mushroom recovery process, the result shows: selenium nutrition-intensified group is improved more than 20% than common cultivation group head tide mushroom output; Se use efficiency is higher than the selenium enriched oyster mushroom that utilizes single inorganic selenium salt cultivation under the equal conditions far away up to 40%.
(7) in the whole growth of fruit body in the cycle; The relative standard deviation RSD of its selenium content can be strict controlled in 15%, and fluctuation is far below common cultivation (RSD is higher than 60%) and do not possess (RSD is higher than 30%) edible mushroom of the additive cultivation of different grain size proportioning characteristic.
(8) to be suitable for any material be the elegant precious mushroom cultivation of cultivation base-material to the additive rich in selenium of the present invention preparation, like sawmilling end, wheat bran, corn tangerine bar, corncob, rape straw, cotton seed hulls etc.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment such scheme is further specified.Should be understood that these embodiment are used to the present invention is described and are not limited to limit scope of the present invention.The implementation condition that adopts among the embodiment can be done further adjustment according to the condition of concrete producer, and not marked implementation condition is generally the condition in the normal experiment.
Embodiment 1 elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriching cultivation embodiment
(1) preparation of selenium enriched oyster mushroom additive:
1. with a kind of natural crops offcuts, corncob through screening, dry, to be crushed to particle diameter be 0.005～0.1mm, the prescription of the required cultivate material additive of the precious mushroom of design cultivation of selenium-rich show.
This additive formulations is following:
100 parts of maize cob meals;
Sodium selenate (or sodium selenite) 0.0006 (or 0.00055) part;
0.225 part of selenium yeast.
2. above-mentioned sodium selenate (or sodium selenite) and selenium yeast are ground to the powder that particle diameter is 0.005～0.1mm, with the abundant stirring and evenly mixing of maize cob meal, make particle diameter below 0.1mm, selenium content is the elementary compound of 5mg/kg.
3. above-mentioned compound processing granulation, make it to become the different particle of granularity, its particle diameter is controlled at respectively in 0.005～0.1mm, 0.1～1.0mm, the 1.0～5.0mm scope.
4. above-mentioned three kinds of size particles are mixed by following percentage by weight: 70%, 20%, 10%, promptly obtain having different grain size proportioning characteristic, total selenium content is the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives of 5mg/kg.
(2) elegant precious mushroom is selenium nutrition-intensified:
In certain edible mushroom base; Select additive for use like (1) said preparation; When the cultivate material spice, ratio in 10% and common cultivation material (forming: corncob 75%, cotton seed hulls 20%, quicklime 3%, land plaster 1%, composite fertilizer 1%) mixing, making final selenium content is 0.5mg/kg; Press material-water ratio 1: 1.3 and add running water, fully stir, mixing once more, heap fermentation, the steam sterilization sterilization treatment use in the pack back, makes final composts or fertilisers of cultivating inoculation, a bacterium; Cultivate according to precious mushroom cultivation of normal show and management method.
(3) implementation result:
Selenium nutrition-intensified group of head tide mushroom PR common cultivation group output improves 20%, and se use efficiency is up to 40%; Total Se content is 0.2mg/kg in the selenium enriched oyster massee fruiting bodies, is 6 times of common cultivation group, and the selenium that wherein exists with various seleno-amino acids forms accounts for about 80% of total selenium; In cycle, the relative standard deviation RSD of selenium content can be strict controlled in 15% fruit body in whole growth, and fluctuation is far below common cultivation (RSD is higher than 60%) and do not possess (RSD is higher than 30%) elegant precious mushroom of the additive cultivation of different grain size proportioning characteristic.Frying on an equal basis under the condition, letting 5 personnel that the precious mushroom of common show and selenium enriched oyster mushroom mushroom meat mouthfeel, local flavor are marked.The result: the selenium enriched oyster mushroom exceeds 5 fens than the precious mushroom of common show.
Embodiment 2 elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriching cultivation embodiment
(1) preparation of selenium enriched oyster mushroom additive:
1. with a kind of natural crops offcuts, corncob through screening, dry, to be crushed to particle diameter be 0.005～0.1mm, the prescription of the required cultivate material additive of the precious mushroom of design cultivation of selenium-rich show.
This additive formulations is following:
100 parts of maize cob meals;
0.012 part of sodium selenate;
2.25 parts of selenium yeasts.
2. above-mentioned sodium selenate and sodium selenite are ground to the powder that particle diameter is 0.005～0.1mm, with the abundant stirring and evenly mixing of maize cob meal, make particle diameter below 0.1mm, selenium content is the elementary compound of 75mg/kg.
3. above-mentioned compound processing granulation, make it to become the different particle of granularity, its particle diameter is controlled at respectively in 0.005～0.1mm, 0.1～1.0mm, the 1.0～5.0mm scope.
4. above-mentioned three kinds of size particles are mixed by following percentage by weight: 60%, 30%, 10%, promptly obtain having different grain size proportioning characteristic, total selenium content is the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives of 75mg/kg.
(2) elegant precious mushroom is selenium nutrition-intensified:
In certain edible mushroom base; Select additive for use like (1) said preparation; When the cultivate material spice, ratio in 4% and common cultivation material (forming: corncob 75%, cotton seed hulls 20%, quicklime 3%, land plaster 1%, composite fertilizer 1%) mixing, making final selenium content is 3mg/kg; Press material-water ratio 1: 1.3 and add running water, fully stir, mixing once more, heap fermentation, the steam sterilization sterilization treatment use in the pack back, makes final composts or fertilisers of cultivating inoculation, a bacterium; Cultivate according to precious mushroom cultivation of normal show and management method.
(3) implementation result:
Selenium nutrition-intensified group of head tide mushroom PR common cultivation group output improves 20%, and se use efficiency is up to 40%; Total Se content is 1mg/kg in the selenium enriched oyster massee fruiting bodies, is 28 times of common cultivation group, and the selenium that wherein exists with various seleno-amino acids forms accounts for about 80% of total selenium; In cycle, the relative standard deviation RSD of selenium content can be strict controlled in 15% fruit body in whole growth, and fluctuation is far below common cultivation (RSD is higher than 60%) and do not possess (RSD is higher than 30%) elegant precious mushroom of the additive cultivation of different grain size proportioning characteristic.Frying on an equal basis under the condition, letting 5 personnel that the precious mushroom of common show and selenium enriched oyster mushroom mushroom meat mouthfeel, local flavor are marked.The result: the selenium enriched oyster mushroom exceeds 5 fens than the precious mushroom of common show.
Embodiment 3 elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriching cultivation embodiment
(1) preparation of selenium enriched oyster mushroom additive:
1. with a kind of natural crops offcuts, corncob through screening, dry, to be crushed to particle diameter be 0.005～0.1mm, the prescription of the required cultivate material additive of the precious mushroom of design cultivation of selenium-rich show.
This additive formulations is following:
100 parts of maize cob meals;
0.011 part of sodium selenite;
4.5 parts of selenium yeasts.
2. above-mentioned sodium selenate and sodium selenite are ground to the powder that particle diameter is 0.005～0.1mm, with the abundant stirring and evenly mixing of maize cob meal, make particle diameter below 0.1mm, selenium content is the elementary compound of 100mg/kg.
3. above-mentioned compound processing granulation, make it to become the different particle of granularity, its particle diameter is controlled at respectively in 0.005～0.1mm, 0.1～1.0mm, the 1.0～5.0mm scope.
4. above-mentioned three kinds of size particles are mixed by following percentage by weight: 50%, 40%, 10%, promptly obtain having different grain size proportioning characteristic, total selenium content is the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives of 100mg/kg.
(2) elegant precious mushroom is selenium nutrition-intensified:
In certain edible mushroom base; Select additive for use like (1) said preparation; When the cultivate material spice, ratio in 5% and common cultivation material (forming: corncob 75%, cotton seed hulls 20%, quicklime 3%, land plaster 1%, composite fertilizer 1%) mixing, making final selenium content is 5mg/kg; Press material-water ratio 1: 1.3 and add running water, fully stir, mixing once more, heap fermentation, the steam sterilization sterilization treatment use in the pack back, makes final composts or fertilisers of cultivating inoculation, a bacterium; Cultivate according to precious mushroom cultivation of normal show and management method.
(3) implementation result:
Selenium nutrition-intensified group of head tide mushroom PR common cultivation group output improves 20%, and se use efficiency is up to 40%; Total Se content is 2.5mg/kg in the selenium enriched oyster massee fruiting bodies, is 70 times of common cultivation group, and the selenium that wherein exists with various seleno-amino acids forms accounts for about 80% of total selenium; In cycle, the relative standard deviation RSD of selenium content can be strict controlled in 15% fruit body in whole growth, and fluctuation is far below common cultivation (RSD is higher than 60%) and do not possess (RSD is higher than 30%) elegant precious mushroom of the additive cultivation of different grain size proportioning characteristic.Frying on an equal basis under the condition, letting 5 personnel that the precious mushroom of common show and selenium enriched oyster mushroom mushroom meat mouthfeel, local flavor are marked.The result: the selenium enriched oyster mushroom exceeds 5 fens than the precious mushroom of common show.
Embodiment 4 elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriching cultivation embodiment
(1) preparation of selenium enriched oyster mushroom additive:
1. with a kind of natural crops offcuts, corncob through screening, dry, to be crushed to particle diameter be 0.005～0.1mm, the prescription of the required cultivate material additive of the precious mushroom of design cultivation of selenium-rich show.
This additive formulations is following:
100 parts of maize cob meals;
0.012 part of sodium selenate;
0.011 part of sodium selenite;
4.5 parts of selenium yeasts.
2. above-mentioned sodium selenate and sodium selenite are ground to the powder that particle diameter is 0.005～0.1mm, with the abundant stirring and evenly mixing of maize cob meal, make particle diameter below 0.1mm, selenium content is the elementary compound of 150mg/kg.
3. above-mentioned compound processing granulation, make it to become the different particle of granularity, its particle diameter is controlled at respectively in 0.005～0.1mm, 0.1～1.0mm, the 1.0～5.0mm scope.
4. above-mentioned three kinds of size particles are mixed by following percentage by weight: 40%, 40%, 20%, promptly obtain having different grain size proportioning characteristic, total selenium content is the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives of 150mg/kg.
(2) elegant precious mushroom is selenium nutrition-intensified:
In certain edible mushroom base; Select additive for use like (1) said preparation; When the cultivate material spice, ratio in 10% and common cultivation material (forming: corncob 75%, cotton seed hulls 20%, quicklime 3%, land plaster 1%, composite fertilizer 1%) mixing, making final selenium content is 15mg/kg; Press material-water ratio 1: 1.3 and add running water, fully stir, mixing once more, heap fermentation, the steam sterilization sterilization treatment use in the pack back, makes final composts or fertilisers of cultivating inoculation, a bacterium; Cultivate according to precious mushroom cultivation of normal show and management method.
(3) implementation result:
Selenium nutrition-intensified group of head tide mushroom PR common cultivation group output improves 20%, and se use efficiency is up to 40%; Total Se content is 4mg/kg in the selenium enriched oyster massee fruiting bodies, is 110 times of common cultivation group, and the selenium that wherein exists with various seleno-amino acids forms accounts for about 80% of total selenium; In cycle, the relative standard deviation RSD of selenium content can be strict controlled in 15% fruit body in whole growth, and fluctuation is far below common cultivation (RSD is higher than 60%) and do not possess (RSD is higher than 30%) elegant precious mushroom of the additive cultivation of different grain size proportioning characteristic.Frying on an equal basis under the condition, letting 5 personnel that the precious mushroom of common show and selenium enriched oyster mushroom mushroom meat mouthfeel, local flavor are marked.The result: the selenium enriched oyster mushroom exceeds 5 fens than the precious mushroom of common show.
Embodiment 5 elegant precious mushroom selenium-enriching cultivation embodiment
(1) preparation of selenium enriched oyster mushroom additive:
1. with a kind of natural crops offcuts, corncob through screening, dry, to be crushed to particle diameter be 0.005～0.1mm, the prescription of the required cultivate material additive of the precious mushroom of design cultivation of selenium-rich show.
This additive formulations is following:
100 parts of maize cob meals;
0.024 part of sodium selenate;
0.022 part of sodium selenite;
9 parts of selenium yeasts.
2. above-mentioned sodium selenate and sodium selenite are ground to the powder that particle diameter is 0.005～0.1mm, with the abundant stirring and evenly mixing of maize cob meal, make particle diameter below 0.1mm, selenium content is the elementary compound of 300mg/kg.
3. above-mentioned compound processing granulation, make it to become the different particle of granularity, its particle diameter is controlled at respectively in 0.005～0.1mm, 0.1～1.0mm, the 1.0～5.0mm scope.
4. above-mentioned three kinds of size particles are mixed by following percentage by weight: 50%, 30%, 20%, promptly obtain having different grain size proportioning characteristic, total selenium content is the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives of 300mg/kg.
(2) elegant precious mushroom is selenium nutrition-intensified:
In certain edible mushroom base; Select additive for use like (1) said preparation; When the cultivate material spice, ratio in 10% and common cultivation material (forming: corncob 75%, cotton seed hulls 20%, quicklime 3%, land plaster 1%, composite fertilizer 1%) mixing, making final selenium content is 30mg/kg; Press material-water ratio 1: 1.3 and add running water, fully stir, mixing once more, heap fermentation, the steam sterilization sterilization treatment use in the pack back, makes final composts or fertilisers of cultivating inoculation, a bacterium; Cultivate according to precious mushroom cultivation of normal show and management method.
(3) implementation result:
Selenium nutrition-intensified group of head tide mushroom PR common cultivation group output improves 20%, and se use efficiency is up to 40%; Total Se content is 10mg/kg in the selenium enriched oyster massee fruiting bodies, is 280 times of common cultivation group, and the selenium that wherein exists with various seleno-amino acids forms accounts for about 80% of total selenium; In cycle, the relative standard deviation RSD of selenium content can be strict controlled in 15% fruit body in whole growth, and fluctuation is far below common cultivation (RSD is higher than 60%) and do not possess (RSD is higher than 30%) elegant precious mushroom of the additive cultivation of different grain size proportioning characteristic.Frying on an equal basis under the condition, letting 5 personnel that the precious mushroom of common show and selenium enriched oyster mushroom mushroom meat mouthfeel, local flavor are marked.The result: the selenium enriched oyster mushroom exceeds 5 fens than the precious mushroom of common show.
Above-mentioned instance only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics, and its purpose is to let the people who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.All equivalent transformations that spirit is done according to the present invention or modification all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. one kind is utilized and mixes the method that selenium source carries out the precious mushroom of even selenium-enriching cultivation show; It is characterized in that said method is included in cultivation and sneaks into 1～10% the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives that accounts for cultivation siccative gross weight, the step of cultivating the elegant precious mushroom that obtains even rich selenium according to the common cultivation method in the siccative; Wherein to contain the selenium total amount be 5～300mg/kg to the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives, and grain diameter is many particle size region and distributes in the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0mm scope, and particle diameter is that the particle of 1.0～5.0mm accounts for 10% of additive gross weight at least; Particle diameter is that the particle of 0.005～0.1mm accounts for 40% of additive gross weight at least; Said mixing selenium source is the mixture of organic selenium source and inorganic selenium source, and said mixing selenium source is added in the said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives, and the component raw material that said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives adopts comprises in parts by weight separately:
Maize cob meal 100 parts by weight;
Sodium selenate 0.0006～0.024 parts by weight;
Sodium selenite 0.00055～0.022 parts by weight;
Selenium yeast 0.225～9 parts by weight;
Said cultivation siccative comprises with the weight percent meter of its component:
Corncob 75%;
Cotton seed hulls 20%;
Quicklime 3%;
Land plaster 1%;
Composite fertilizer 1%;
Said common cultivation method comprises the cultivation siccative of sneaking into the selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives according to material-water ratio adding in 1: 1.3 running water; Abundant stirring and evenly mixing; Heap fermentation, handle with high pressure steam sterilization the pack back, makes final composts or fertilisers of cultivating inoculated and cultured selenium enriched oyster mushroom.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that grain diameter is three particle size region distributions in the said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0mm scope, comprises with its weight percent meter in additive:
Particle diameter is the particle 10～20% of 1.0～5.0m m;
Particle diameter is the particle 40～70% of 0.005～0.1m m;
The particle 20～40% of other particle size range.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that grain diameter is three particle size region distributions in the said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0m m scope, comprises with its weight percent meter in additive:
Particle diameter is the particle 10% of 1.0～5.0m m;
Particle diameter is the particle 50% of 0.005～0.1m m;
The particle 40% of other particle size range.
4. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that grain diameter is three particle size region distributions in the said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0m m scope, comprises with its weight percent meter in additive:
Particle diameter is the particle 10% of 1.0～5.0m m;
Particle diameter is the particle 60% of 0.005～0.1m m;
The particle 30% of other particle size range.
5. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that grain diameter is three particle size region distributions in the said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives in 0.005～5.0m m scope, comprises with its weight percent meter in additive:
Particle diameter is the particle 20% of 1.0～5.0m m;
Particle diameter is the particle 50% of 0.005～0.1m m;
The particle 30% of other particle size range.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives with maize cob meal as the selenium source carrier.
7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the particle of said selenium-enriching cultivation feed additives is pulverized back granulation process completion through mixing selenium source and corncob.
CN2010105801597A 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Method for culturing pleurotus geesteranus uniformly rich in selenium by using mixed selenium source Expired - Fee Related CN102150555B (en)

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