CN104672008A - Selenium-enriched black fungus culture material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Selenium-enriched black fungus culture material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selenium-enriched black fungus culture material and a preparation method thereof; the selenium-enriched black fungus culture material comprises a mixture A and a mixture B; the weight of the mixture A is 44-48% of the total weight of the culture material; the mixture A is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 75-85% of weed tree sawdust, 12.5-18% of bran, 0.5-1.5% of bean flour, 0.5-1.5% of peanut bran, 0.5-1.5% of sugar, 0.7-1.5% of light calcium carbonate and 0.3-1% of quick lime; the weight of the mixture B is 52-56% of the total weight of the culture material; and the mixture B is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.004-0.012% of selenium fertilizer and 99.988-99.996% of water. Black fungus cultured by the invention is rapid in hypha growth speed and good in growth trend; black fungus buds grow out early during the bud accelerating period; the black fungus buds can grow fast; the yield can be effectively increased; the product quality is improved; furthermore, the preparation method is lower in production cost and simple and convenient to operate; and thus, the preparation method is beneficial to popularization, application and scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of black fungus rich in selenium culture material and preparation method thereof, belong to rich selenium product development technical field.
Background technology
Selenium is the trace element of needed by human; antioxidase the strongest in human body---the important component part of Selenoperoxidase, have anti-oxidant, anti-ageing, Cell protection is impaired, improve body immunity, multi-biological function such as prevention canceration, toxin expelling, beauty treatment etc.Therefore selenium be referred to as " king of Anticancer Element Selenium " and " human immunity activator " by scientist, and Chinese Soclety of Nutrition is one of 15 kinds of nutrient substances being classified as needed by human by selenium also.A large amount of clinical trial certificate both at home and abroad, human body lacks the functional disorder that selenium can cause some vitals, many serious diseases are caused to occur, more than 40, whole world country is in scarce selenium area, several hundred million populations in China 22 provinces are all in scarce selenium or low selenium area, and the sickness rate such as population tumour, hepatopathy, cardiovascular disorder in these areas is very high.
Selenium is to the important physiological function of human body more and more by various countries scientist is paid attention to, and various countries have all formulated the recommended intake of selemium nutrition according to the situation of this country self, and grownup's intake that Chinese Soclety of Nutrition is recommended is 50 ~ 200 micro-grams/day.Chinese Soclety of Nutrition did an investigation to 13 provinces and cities of China and showed, became selenium intake to be for each person 26 ~ 32 micro-grams/day, and micro-gram/day of the bottom line 50 recommended from Chinese Soclety of Nutrition is far apart.And only mend the scarce selenium state of the really very difficult fundamentally change of selenium by whole food.Therefore, exploiting economy, convenience, to be applicable to long-term edible selenium-enriched food imperative.
The chemical form kind of selenium compound is a lot, complex structure.The selenium of different chemical form has different Manual Suture, produces different impacts to life and health.Inorganic selenium reinforcer has the high and cheap advantage of selenium content, but its biological effectiveness is low, and toxicity is comparatively large, and between toxic dose and requirement, scope is little, is thus strictly limited its usage quantity.Edible mushrooms quality is tender, unique flavor, nutritious, inorganic selenium can be converted into organoselenium simultaneously.Therefore, selenium-enriched edible mushroom is one of topmost selenium-rich nutritive food of current China.
There are some researches show, black fungus has very strong selenium rich ability.Black fungus, also known as auricularia auriculajudae, brightness program, thin auricularia auriculajudae, in classification of fungi, is under the jurisdiction of Mycophyta, Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes, Auriculariale, Auriculariaceae, Auricularia.Black fungus is famous mountain delicacy, edible, can medicine, can mend, have the good reputation of " meat or fish in element ", " hat in bacterium ", be also referred to as " the black rarity in Chinese meal ".Black fungus color and luster is dark brown, quality is soft, delicious flavour, nutritious, containing nutrient substances such as protein, fat, polysaccharide, calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, VITMAIN B1, Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, nicotinic acid, phosphatide, sterol.Black fungus taste is sweet, property is put down, return spleen, lung, liver, large intestine channel, there is a lot of medicinal efficacy, can beneficial gas keep fit, nourshing kidney nourishing the stomach, to invigorate blood circulation usefulness, and can hypoferric anemia etc. be prevented and treated, and also can nourish blood and preserve youthful looks, make skin ruddy, radiant, stomach, lubrication enteron aisle can be dredged, also have certain help to hyperpietic simultaneously.
The cultivating method of black fungus has linden and Bag Material two kinds.Compared with traditional cultivation basswood, cultivating in bag has the features such as raw material sources is abundant, resource utilization is high, with short production cycle, remarkable in economical benefits, is the cultivation of auricularia auricula novel method promoted the use of at present.It is exactly utilize the more agricultural byproducts of xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose to carry out a kind of method of cultivating for culture material that Bag Material black fungus is produced.Generally select deciduous tree sawdust, corn cob, cotton seed hull to be main raw material, adopt wheat bran, rice bran, terra alba, unslaked lime, sugar to be auxiliary material.
Different composition of raw materials cultivations, though can grow auricularia auriculajudae, the growing way of auricularia auriculajudae on different culture material, yield and quality all can have difference.Conventional several formulas produced by current Bag Material black fungus, and there are the following problems: mycelial growth is slow, thin and delicate, loose; Bacterium rod easy infection miscellaneous bacteria; Auricle is thin, texture is poor; Output is on the low side; Product siccative organic selenium content < 0.15mg/kg.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is not enough for prior art, a kind of black fungus rich in selenium culture material and preparation method thereof is provided, the present invention adds selenium fertilizer in the culture material of black fungus, make black fungus mycelia in growth and development process, by the biochemical reactions of self, inorganic selenium is converted into organoselenium be enriched in sporophore, and then improves the organic selenium content in black fungus sporophore.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of black fungus rich in selenium culture material, comprise compound A and compound B, described compound A accounts for 44 ~ 48% of culture material gross weight, is made up of the component of following weight percentage: weed tree sawdust 75 ~ 85%, wheat bran 12.5 ~ 18%, bean powder 0.5 ~ 1.5%, peanut press pulp 0.5 ~ 1.5%, sugar 0.5 ~ 1.5%, light calcium carbonate 0.7 ~ 1.5% and unslaked lime 0.3 ~ 1%; Described compound B accounts for 52 ~ 56% of culture material gross weight, is made up of the component of following weight percentage: selenium fertilizer 0.004 ~ 0.012% and water 99.988 ~ 99.996%.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, comprise compound A and compound B, described compound A accounts for 46% of culture material gross weight, described compound A is made up of the component of following weight percentage: weed tree sawdust 80%, wheat bran 15.5%, bean powder 1%, peanut press pulp 1%, sugar 1%, light calcium carbonate 1% and unslaked lime 0.5%, described compound B accounts for 54% of culture material gross weight, and described compound B is made up of the component of following weight percentage: selenium fertile 0.006% and water 99.994%.
Further, in described selenium fertilizer, organic selenium content is >=3.6g/kg, is a kind of water-soluble plant nutrient agent containing selenium element.
Further, described weed tree sawdust is the sawdust of deciduous species, the carbon source grown for providing black fungus, and described weed tree sawdust requirement is fresh, nothing is gone mouldy, diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.5cm.
Further, described wheat bran is the nitrogenous source as black fungus, and for promoting mycelial growth, described wheat bran requirement is not lumpd, nothing is gone mouldy, free from insect pests.
Further, described bean powder is the nitrogenous source as black fungus, and described bean powder requires without going mouldy.
Further, described peanut press pulp is phosphorous, potassium compared with abundant, carbon-nitrogen ratio is little, is a kind of high-quality organic fertilizer.
Further, described sugar is the carbon source as black fungus.
Further, described light calcium carbonate is starter as culture material and nutrition agent, described light calcium carbonate can make that the long speed of black fungus is fast, growing way is good, ear Buds formation early, ear bud fast growth.
Further, described unslaked lime is as calcium additive with for regulating the pH value of culture material.
A preparation method for black fungus rich in selenium culture material, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) component of following weight percentage is got: weed tree sawdust 75 ~ 85%, wheat bran 12.5 ~ 18%, bean powder 0.5 ~ 1.5%, peanut press pulp 0.5 ~ 1.5%, sugar 0.5 ~ 1.5%, light calcium carbonate 0.7 ~ 1.5% and unslaked lime 0.3 ~ 1%, above-mentioned component is mixed, spice 2 ~ 4 times, after mixing, obtain compound A;
(2) get the component of following weight percentage: selenium fertilizer 0.004 ~ 0.012% and water 99.988 ~ 99.996%, by soluble in water for selenium fertilizer, obtain compound B;
(3) step (2) the gained compound B accounting for culture material gross weight 52 ~ 56% is got, splash in the step accounting for culture material gross weight 44 ~ 48% (1) gained compound A, splash while spice, after having splashed, spice 2 ~ 4 times again, after mixing, obtain compound C;
(4) be 7 ~ 8 by step (2) gained compound C adjust ph, after pack sterilizing, obtain black fungus rich in selenium culture material.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, step (4) described pH is 7.5, and described sterilization method is normal-pressure sterilization, and the temperature of described sterilizing is 100 DEG C, and the time is 12 ~ 16h, and the pH of described black fungus rich in selenium culture material is 6.5.
Employing the present invention fills a prescription, and the black fungus mycelial growth rate of cultivating is very fast, mycelia is dense white, sturdy closely strong; Bacterium rod miscellaneous bacteria infection rate is extremely low; Auricle is thicker, flexible, texture, mouthfeel are good; Volume increase 6 ~ 10%; After testing, product organic selenium content is 0.5 ~ 0.8mg/kg, is at least more than 3.3 times of conventional formulation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention adds selenium fertilizer in the culture material of black fungus, make black fungus mycelia in growth and development process, by the biochemical reactions of self, inorganic selenium is converted into organoselenium and is enriched in sporophore, and then improve the organic selenium content in black fungus sporophore.
(2) black fungus adopting the present invention to cultivate, mycelium length is fast, growing way good, formed during vernalization ear bud early, ear bud fast growth, and can effectively improve output, improve product quality.
(3) the black fungus product of the present invention's production, selling price is more than 3 times of conventional formulation product, and market outlook are had an optimistic view of.
(4) production cost of the present invention is lower, easy and simple to handle, and peasant household easily grasps, and is conducive to large-scale production, industrialization management.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with specific embodiment, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
(1) weed tree sawdust 75kg, wheat bran 18kg, bean powder 1.5kg, peanut press pulp 1.5kg, sugared 1.5kg, light calcium carbonate 1.5kg and unslaked lime 1kg is got, above-mentioned component is mixed, spice 2 ~ 4 times, after mixing, obtain compound A, wherein weed tree sawdust is fresh, that nothing is gone mouldy, diameter is the deciduous species of 0.3 ~ 0.5cm sawdust, and wheat bran requirement is not lumpd, nothing is gone mouldy, free from insect pests;
(2) get the fertile 0.004kg and water 99.996kg of selenium, by soluble in water for selenium fertilizer, obtain compound B, in wherein said selenium fertilizer, organic selenium content is >=3.6g/kg;
(3) step (2) the gained compound B accounting for culture material gross weight 52% is got, splash in the step accounting for culture material gross weight 48% (1) gained compound A, splash while spice, after having splashed, spice 2 ~ 4 times again, after mixing, obtain compound C;
(4) be 7 by step (2) gained compound C adjust ph, pack, adopt normal-pressure sterilization, the temperature of described sterilizing is 100 DEG C, and the time is 16h, after sterilizing, obtains the black fungus rich in selenium culture material that pH is 6.5.
Embodiment 2:
(1) weed tree sawdust 80kg, wheat bran 15.5kg, bean powder 1kg, peanut press pulp 1kg, sugared 1kg, light calcium carbonate 1kg and unslaked lime 0.5kg is got, above-mentioned component is mixed, spice 2 ~ 4 times, after mixing, obtain compound A, wherein weed tree sawdust is fresh, that nothing is gone mouldy, diameter is the deciduous species of 0.3 ~ 0.5cm sawdust, and wheat bran requirement is not lumpd, nothing is gone mouldy, free from insect pests;
(2) get the fertile 0.006kg and water 99.994kg of selenium, by soluble in water for selenium fertilizer, obtain compound B, in wherein said selenium fertilizer, organic selenium content is >=3.6g/kg;
(3) step (2) the gained compound B accounting for culture material gross weight 54% is got, splash in the step accounting for culture material gross weight 46% (1) gained compound A, splash while spice, after having splashed, spice 2 ~ 4 times again, after mixing, obtain compound C;
(4) be 7.5 by step (2) gained compound C adjust ph, pack, adopt normal-pressure sterilization, the temperature of described sterilizing is 100 DEG C, and the time is 14h, after sterilizing, obtains the black fungus rich in selenium culture material that pH is 6.5.
Embodiment 3:
(1) weed tree sawdust 85kg, wheat bran 12.5kg, bean powder 0.5kg, peanut press pulp 0.5kg, sugared 0.5kg, light calcium carbonate 0.7kg and unslaked lime 0.3kg is got, above-mentioned component is mixed, spice 2 ~ 4 times, after mixing, obtain compound A, wherein weed tree sawdust is fresh, that nothing is gone mouldy, diameter is the deciduous species of 0.3 ~ 0.5cm sawdust, and wheat bran requirement is not lumpd, nothing is gone mouldy, free from insect pests;
(2) get the fertile 0.012kg and water 99.988kg of selenium, by soluble in water for selenium fertilizer, obtain compound B, in wherein said selenium fertilizer, organic selenium content is >=3.6g/kg;
(3) step (2) the gained compound B accounting for culture material gross weight 56% is got, splash in the step accounting for culture material gross weight 44% (1) gained compound A, splash while spice, after having splashed, spice 2 ~ 4 times again, after mixing, obtain compound C;
(4) be 8 by step (2) gained compound C adjust ph, pack, adopt normal-pressure sterilization, the temperature of described sterilizing is 100 DEG C, and the time is 12h, after sterilizing, obtains the black fungus rich in selenium culture material that pH is 6.5.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a black fungus rich in selenium culture material, it is characterized in that, comprise compound A and compound B, described compound A accounts for 44 ~ 48% of culture material gross weight, is made up of the component of following weight percentage: weed tree sawdust 75 ~ 85%, wheat bran 12.5 ~ 18%, bean powder 0.5 ~ 1.5%, peanut press pulp 0.5 ~ 1.5%, sugar 0.5 ~ 1.5%, light calcium carbonate 0.7 ~ 1.5% and unslaked lime 0.3 ~ 1%; Described compound B accounts for 52 ~ 56% of culture material gross weight, is made up of the component of following weight percentage: selenium fertilizer 0.004 ~ 0.012% and water 99.988 ~ 99.996%.
2. a kind of black fungus rich in selenium culture material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise compound A and compound B, described compound A accounts for 46% of culture material gross weight, described compound A is made up of the component of following weight percentage: weed tree sawdust 80%, wheat bran 15.5%, bean powder 1%, peanut press pulp 1%, sugar 1%, light calcium carbonate 1% and unslaked lime 0.5%, described compound B accounts for 54% of culture material gross weight, and described compound B is made up of the component of following weight percentage: selenium fertile 0.006% and water 99.994%.
3. a kind of black fungus rich in selenium culture material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in described selenium fertilizer, organic selenium content is >=3.6g/kg.
4. a kind of black fungus rich in selenium culture material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described weed tree sawdust is the sawdust of deciduous species, and described weed tree sawdust requirement is fresh, nothing is gone mouldy, diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.5cm.
5. a kind of black fungus rich in selenium culture material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described wheat bran requirement is not lumpd, nothing is gone mouldy, free from insect pests.
6. a kind of black fungus rich in selenium culture material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described bean powder requires without going mouldy.
7. a preparation method for black fungus rich in selenium culture material, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) component of following weight percentage is got: weed tree sawdust 75 ~ 85%, wheat bran 12.5 ~ 18%, bean powder 0.5 ~ 1.5%, peanut press pulp 0.5 ~ 1.5%, sugar 0.5 ~ 1.5%, light calcium carbonate 0.7 ~ 1.5% and unslaked lime 0.3 ~ 1%, above-mentioned component is mixed, spice 2 ~ 4 times, after mixing, obtain compound A;
(2) get the component of following weight percentage: selenium fertilizer 0.004 ~ 0.012% and water 99.988 ~ 99.996%, by soluble in water for selenium fertilizer, obtain compound B;
(3) step (2) the gained compound B accounting for culture material gross weight 52 ~ 56% is got, splash in the step accounting for culture material gross weight 44 ~ 48% (1) gained compound A, splash while spice, after having splashed, spice 2 ~ 4 times again, after mixing, obtain compound C;
(4) be 7 ~ 8 by step (2) gained compound C adjust ph, after pack sterilizing, obtain black fungus rich in selenium culture material.
8. the compound method of a kind of black fungus rich in selenium culture material formula according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, step (4) described pH is 7.5, described sterilization method is normal-pressure sterilization, the temperature of described sterilizing is 100 DEG C, time is 12 ~ 16h, and the pH of described black fungus rich in selenium culture material is 6.5.
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| CN105967809A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-09-28 | 赖卫华 | Selenium-rich black fungus compost and preparation method thereof |
| CN106342546A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2017-01-25 | 毛传福 | High-calcium selenium-rich black fungus industrialized production new technique |
| CN108314538A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-07-24 | 广西陆川和合生物科技有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof of selenium-rich agaric |
| CN117063779A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-11-17 | 西北大学 | Simple method for improving organic selenium content and reducing chromium in black fungus culture process |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106342546A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2017-01-25 | 毛传福 | High-calcium selenium-rich black fungus industrialized production new technique |
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| CN108314538A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-07-24 | 广西陆川和合生物科技有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof of selenium-rich agaric |
| CN117063779A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-11-17 | 西北大学 | Simple method for improving organic selenium content and reducing chromium in black fungus culture process |
| CN117063779B (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2024-04-02 | 西北大学 | Black fungus culture method |
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