CN102148414A - Energy-saving and environment-friendly automatic disassembly and separation system for waste batteries - Google Patents
Energy-saving and environment-friendly automatic disassembly and separation system for waste batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN102148414A CN102148414A CN2011100535239A CN201110053523A CN102148414A CN 102148414 A CN102148414 A CN 102148414A CN 2011100535239 A CN2011100535239 A CN 2011100535239A CN 201110053523 A CN201110053523 A CN 201110053523A CN 102148414 A CN102148414 A CN 102148414A
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- conveyer belt
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly automatic disassembly and separation system for waste batteries. The system is characterized in that a battery conveyor belt is horizontally arranged, and all the batteries are arranged on the battery conveyor belt in a way of enabling box covers of the batteries to face the same direction and can be conveyed from left to right along with the battery conveyor belt; a cutting mechanism is arranged above the battery conveyor belt, a box cover conveyor belt is arranged below the cutting mechanism, and the conveying directions of the box cover conveyor belt and the battery conveyor belt are vertical; and a box cover crushing and separation production line is arranged at the blanking end of the box cover conveyor belt, and a body separation production line is arranged at the battery body blanking end of the battery conveyor belt. By enabling automatic cutting, breaking, sorting and other units to match organically, the full-automatic mechanical disassembly of the waste batteries can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste and old lead acid accumulator and disassemble separation equipment.
Background technology
Process for the recovery of waste and old lead acid accumulator at present, majority is to obtain to contain scrap lead in early stage by manually disassembling used and scrapped battery, to manually tear open then pole plate and slurry etc. contain the disposable throwing stove of scrap lead, the mixing cupric regeneration lead bullion that obtains to be directly used in battery refresh under 1200 ℃ of high temperature, the extensive backwardness of this smelting process, disassemble manually that efficient is low, labour intensity is big, operating worker directly contact disassemble thing, the unclean environmental protection of technology, there is the harm of sulfuric acid and heavy metal lead, smelts the energy consumption height.
Summary of the invention
The used and scrapped battery that the invention provides a kind of clean environment firendly is disassembled piece-rate system automatically, and this system realizes that by organic cooperation of automatic cutting, fragmentation and each unit of sorting the full-automatic mechanical of used and scrapped battery is disassembled.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The design feature that the energy saving and environment friendly used and scrapped battery of the present invention is disassembled piece-rate system automatically is:
Be and be horizontally disposed with storage battery transport tape (1), each storage battery (2) by storage battery lid (2a) for identical towards being arranged on the storage battery transport tape (1), and transmit from left to right with storage battery transport tape (1); Top at described storage battery transport tape (1) is provided with cutting mechanism, and the cutter (3) of the moved up and down formation cutting action in the described cutting mechanism are on the lengthwise position of junction of storage battery lid and accumulator body (2b); In described cutting mechanism, be provided with the cutting automatic control unit; Lid conveyer belt (4) is set below described cutting mechanism, and described lid conveyer belt (4) is vertical with the direction of transfer of storage battery conveyer belt (1);
At the blanking end of lid conveyer belt (4) lid is set and pulverizes the separation of produced line, it is to set gradually lid pulverizing unit, lid waterpower separative element and lid solid-liquid separation unit by the material outlet that the material inlet of next unit is accepted a last unit that described lid is pulverized the separation of produced line;
Accumulator body blanking end at storage battery conveyer belt (1) is provided with a body separation of produced line, and described body separation of produced line is to set gradually body fragmentation cell, body rotating cage unit, body waterpower separative element and body solid-liquid separation unit by the material outlet that the material inlet of next unit is accepted a last unit.
The design feature that the energy saving and environment friendly used and scrapped battery of the present invention is disassembled piece-rate system automatically also is:
Described cutter (3) are set are with hydraulic cylinder (5) and be actuator, be driving member with hydraulic stem (6).
Two ends in described cutter (3), be on the same side, be fixedly connected with a wedge (8) with described cutter (3), one control lever (9) is to be the rotatable bar of center of rotation with a bearing pin, the top of control lever (9) is resisted against on the inclined-plane of described wedge (8), two control levers (9) that are separately positioned on two ends are connected with depression bar (10) in the bottom, wedge (8) moves down by being that the control lever (9) of center of rotation drives depression bar (10) and is pressed on the storage battery (2) with the bearing pin, with the fixed lever of depression bar (10) as storage battery (2) with cutter (3).
Described lid is pulverized the unit and is adopted centrifugal weight pulverizer (12), the hopper (13) of centrifugal weight pulverizer (12) is undertaken on the discharge end of lid conveyer belt (4), and the particle through pulverizing and sieving is discharged in the particle outlet (14) of centrifugal weight pulverizer (12).
Adopt the waterpower separator in described lid waterpower separative element, described waterpower separator is that metallic particles conveyer belt (16) is set in waterpower separating tank (15); Be undertaken on by described metallic particles transport tape (16) in the particle outlet (14) of centrifugal weight pulverizer (12), in waterpower separating tank (15), be provided with skimming baffle (17), overfall be set on the notch of waterpower separating tank (15) as plastic grain floss hole (18).
Described lid solid-liquid separation unit is to be undertaken on the below that lid is pulverized the plastic grain floss hole (18) of unit with plastic grain filter screen (19), and has water leg (20) to collect to pulverize overflow water in the unit waterpower separating tank (15) from lid.
Described body fragmentation cell is that the fragmentation that the moves up and down shovel (21) that is driven by crankshaft connecting rod system is set, hopper (22) is set is undertaken on blanking one end that storage battery conveyer belt (1) is gone up accumulator body, broken shovel (21) is on the top position, the end outside of hopper (22); Described body cage shape turning barrel sieve unit is a rotating cage shape bucket sieve (23), enter in the bucket through the bucket sieve feeding mouth (23a) of the broken material of fragmentation shovel (21) by an end that is arranged on cage shape bucket sieve (23), a bucket sieve discharging opening (23b) is in the other end of cage shape bucket sieve (23); Bucket sieve feeding mouth (23a) is set is higher than bucket sieve discharging opening (23b).
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
What the present invention had realized used and scrapped battery disassembles separation automatically, improved the efficient of disassembling of used and scrapped battery greatly, avoided manually disassembling the heavy metal lead that may bring, realized that directly copper breaks away from the healthy possibility that works the mischief of operating personnel, reduce and smelt energy consumption, reduce disposal of pollutants.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is middle cutting mechanism structural representation among the present invention;
Fig. 2 pulverizes separation of produced line schematic diagram for storage battery lid among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is accumulator body separation of produced line schematic diagram among the present invention.
Number in the figure: 1 storage battery transport tape; 2 storage batterys; 2a storage battery lid; The 2b accumulator body; 3 cutter; The 3a guide plate; 3b hydraulic starting controller; 3c secondary clutch controller; 4 lid conveyer belts; 5 hydraulic cylinders; 6 hydraulic stems; 7 hydraulic stem return springs; 8 wedges; 9 control levers; 10 depression bars; 11 control lever return springs; 12 centrifugal weight pulverizers; 13 hoppers; The outlet of 14 particles; 15 waterpower separating tanks; 16 metallic particles conveyer belts; 17 skimming baffles; 18 plastic grain floss holes; 19 plastic grain filter screens; 20 water legs; 21 broken shovels; 22 hoppers; 23 cage shape buckets sieve; 23a bucket sieve feeding mouth; 23b bucket sieve discharging opening.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, be in the present embodiment and be horizontally disposed with storage battery transport tape 1, each storage battery 2 is identical towards being arranged on the storage battery transport tape 1 by storage battery lid 2a, and transmits from left to right with storage battery transport tape 1; Above storage battery transport tape 1 cutting mechanism is set, the cutter 3 of the moved up and down formation cutting action in the cutting mechanism are to be on the lengthwise position of junction of storage battery lid 2a and accumulator body 2b; Lid conveyer belt 4 is set below cutting machine, and storage battery lid conveyer belt 4 is vertical with the direction of transfer of storage battery conveyer belt 1.
Shown in Figure 1, cutter 3 are to be actuator, to be driving member with hydraulic stem 6 that with hydraulic cylinder 5 hydraulic stem 6 is provided with hydraulic stem return spring 7.For the storage battery 2 that is sent to cutter 3 belows, under the hydraulic-driven of hydraulic cylinder 5, the cutter 3 that fall are directly cut storage battery lid 2a open from storage battery, itself and accumulator body 2b are cut-off, finish after the cutting, under the effect of hydraulic stem return spring 7, hydraulic stem 6 drives to move on the cutter 3 and resets, and waits for cutting next time.Along with the continuation transmission of storage battery conveyer belt 1, storage battery lid 2a blanking is on lid conveyer belt 4, and the lid that enters subsequent processing is pulverized the separation of produced line; Accumulator body 2b enters the body separation of produced line of subsequent processing in the other end blanking of storage battery conveyer belt 1.
In order to realize automatic control, be provided with the cutting automatic control unit in the present embodiment, comprise guide plate 3a, secondary clutch controller 3c and hydraulic starting controller 3b.With cooperating between the co-ordination control cutting mechanism of cutting automatic control unit and the storage battery transport tape, realize controlling automatically.Concrete control mode is: the guide plate 3a that is fixed on the cutter two ends controls cutter 3 on the one hand and moves up and down along the constraint direction of guide plate rail groove, on the other hand when guide plate 3a is displaced downwardly to the first order compression switch that touches secondary clutch controller 3c, the driving power of storage battery transport tape 1 is closed, and storage battery transport tape 1 promptly stops to transmit.
Accurately coordinate in order to make cutting action, two ends at cutter 3, be on the same side, be fixedly connected with a wedge 8 with cutter 3, one control lever 9 is to be the rotatable bar of center of rotation with a bearing pin, the top of control lever 9 is resisted against on the inclined-plane of wedge 8, two control levers 9 that are separately positioned on two ends are connected with depression bar 10 in the bottom, wedge 8 moves down with cutter 3, by with the bearing pin being the control lever 9 drive depression bars 10 of center of rotation, be pressed on the storage battery 2 with the fixed head of depression bar 10 as storage battery, storage battery 2 is fixed,, guaranteed accurately cutting to prevent used and scrapped battery 2 upsets.Cutter 3 continue to move down under the driving action of hydraulic stem 6, begin to cut the loam cake of storage battery, when cutting is finished, guide plate 3a moves down into bottommost just, touch the second level switch of secondary clutch controller 3c, promptly close the hydraulic power switch of hydraulic cylinder 5, after hydraulic power is removed, cutter 3 are under the upwards restoring force effect of hydraulic stem return spring 7, go up rapidly, when guide plate 3a gos up to break away from secondary clutch controller 3c, wedge 8 moves up with cutter 3, control lever 9 drives depression bar 10 and lifts under the effect of control lever return spring 11, this moment, the compression switch of secondary clutch controller 3c resetted, and the driving power switch of storage battery transport tape 1 restarts, and storage battery transport tape 1 recovers transmission, to cut remaining accumulator body 2b and transfer out, simultaneously the uncut storage battery of next round be carried successively below cutter 3 positions again.When guide plate 3a went back up to topmost, when touching hydraulic starting controller 3b, the hydraulic power switch of primer fluid cylinder pressure 5, cutter 3 restarted new round cutting circulation under the hydraulic power of hydraulic stem 6 drives.
Shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, at the blanking end of storage battery lid conveyer belt 4 lid is set and pulverizes the separation of produced line, it is to set gradually lid pulverizing unit, lid waterpower separative element and lid solid-liquid separation unit by the material outlet that the material inlet of next unit is accepted a last unit that lid is pulverized the separation of produced line;
Shown in Figure 2, lid is pulverized the unit and is adopted centrifugal weight pulverizer 12, and hopper 13 is undertaken on the discharge end of lid conveyer belt 4, reaches certain size particles thing and discharges in particle outlet 14 through pulverizing and sieving, and particle outlet 14 is accepted by next unit;
Shown in Figure 2, the particle of pulverizing the unit from lid comprises plastic grain, copper sleeve and lead joint, utilizes the proportion of plastic grain little, is floating in water, adopting the waterpower separator in lid waterpower separative element, specifically is that metallic particles conveyer belt 16 is set in waterpower separating tank 15; Be undertaken on by metallic particles transport tape 16 in the particle outlet 14 of centrifugal weight pulverizer 12, in waterpower separating tank 15, be provided with skimming baffle 17, overfall is set on the notch of waterpower separating tank 15 as plastic grain floss hole 18.The plastic grain that falls within the waterpower separating tank 15 goes back up to the water surface, and be blocked in the water surface one side by skimming baffle 17, along with the overflow that forms because of continuous water filling in the waterpower separating tank 15, plastic grain overflows in plastic grain floss hole 18, enter next unit, i.e. the lid solid-liquid separation unit; Copper sleeve and lead joint sink on metallic particles transport tape 16 than great because of particle, and along with metallic particles transport tape 16 is transmitted and is collected.
Shown in Figure 2, the lid solid-liquid separation unit is to be undertaken on plastic grain floss hole 18 belows that lid is pulverized the unit with plastic grain filter screen 19, and have water leg 20 to collect to pulverize overflow water in the unit waterpower separating tank 15 from lid, so far finish disassembling and separating treatment of storage battery lid.
Referring to Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, accept the end of storage battery conveyer belt 1 next-door neighbour a body separation of produced line is set, accumulator body 2b is under the conveying thrust of storage battery conveyer belt 1, enter body separation of produced line, the material outlet of accepting a unit by the material inlet of next unit in body separation of produced line sets gradually body fragmentation cell, body cage shape turning barrel sieve unit, body waterpower separative element and body solid-liquid separation unit.
Shown in Figure 3, the body fragmentation cell is to adopt the fragmentation that the moves up and down shovel 21 that is driven by crankshaft connecting rod system, broken shovel 21 is on the top position, the end outside of hopper 22, and the hopper 22 little form of large outlet of should being arranged to enter the mouth is undertaken on the end of storage battery conveyer belt 1 with hopper 22; Body cage shape turning barrel sieve unit is to adopt rotating cage shape bucket sieve 23, and the material that shovels 21 fragmentations through fragmentation is entered in the bucket by the bucket sieve feeding mouth 23a of an end that is arranged on cage shape bucket sieve 23, and a bucket sieve discharging opening 23b is in the other end of cage shape bucket sieve 23; A barrel sieve feeding mouth 23a is set is higher than a bucket sieve discharging opening 23b, so that the interior material of bucket is along with the rotation of cage shape bucket sieve 23 is moved to bucket sieve discharging opening 23b by bucket sieve feeding mouth 23a automatically; It is consistent that body waterpower separative element that next unit sets gradually and body solid-liquid separation unit and lid shown in Figure 2 are pulverized on the separation of produced line corresponding structure.
Along with the motion of storage battery transport tape 1, accumulator body 2b constantly is pushed into an end of hopper 22, and constantly shovels the end propelling at 21 places in hopper 22 to fragmentation, when being advanced into the lower position that is positioned at broken shovel 21, and the fragmentation shovel fragmentation that is fallen.Broken thing is sent in the cage shape bucket sieve 23 by transmitting device after concentrating, continuous rotation along with cage shape bucket sieve 23, broken thing is left repeatedly, the pole plate lead plaster that the pole plate castor adheres to is on the net also constantly come off from the pole plate castor on the net by the vibration powdering in the process of leaving, and is sieved out from its sieve aperture by cage shape bucket sieve 23; The pole plate castor net that particle diameter is bigger, white asbestos dividing plate and plastic grain are discharged from bucket sieve discharging opening 23b.Further utilize body waterpower separative element and body solid-liquid separation unit to finish disassembling and separating treatment subsequently for accumulator body.
Through above program, used and scrapped battery is not only disassembled fragmentation, and can be separated into a few composition branches such as plastic grain, copper-lead joint, pole plate castor net, pole plate powdery lead plaster and asbestos dividing plate in an orderly manner, plastic grain can reclaim injection moulding again and make the new accumulator shell, copper, lead joint are heated in smelting furnace about 400 ℃, and high-purity lead joint fusing point is low, are melted and directly cast lead pig, copper sleeve does not melt under 400 ℃ of temperature, after leaching again under 1100 ℃ of temperature fusion cast copper ingot.It is alloy lead that pole plate castor host wants composition, and directly the alloy lead pig is cast in fusion under 500 ℃ of temperature.The asbestos dividing plate also can directly reclaim reprocessing and make new asbestos dividing plate, is used for storage battery reprocessing and makes.Pole plate powdery lead plaster main component is PbSO
4, PbO, PbS mixture, these mixtures are added add soda ash Na after the entry
2CO
3, make the PbSO4 reaction be PbCO
3, be heated to 800 ℃ of fusions with dropping into smelting furnace behind sediment PbCO3, PbO, the PbS pressure-filteration drying again, add reducing agent iron powder and powdered carbon at last, can obtain lead bullion by reduction reaction.The lead alloy of cupric is the regeneration storage battery pond directly, needs the double refining decopper(ing), increases energy consumption and disposal of pollutants.The alloy lead that the above-mentioned smelting program of process obtains, lead bullion, lead bullion all can be directly used in the regeneration storage battery pond because of not containing copper component.The most crucial technology of native system most critical is that copper component is directly spun off, and prevents that it from sneaking into the lead alloy that raw material is smelted into cupric.
Claims (7)
1. an energy saving and environment friendly used and scrapped battery is disassembled piece-rate system automatically, it is characterized in that:
Be and be horizontally disposed with storage battery transport tape (1), each storage battery (2) by storage battery lid (2a) for identical towards being arranged on the storage battery transport tape (1), and transmit from left to right with storage battery transport tape (1); Top at described storage battery transport tape (1) is provided with cutting mechanism, and the cutter (3) of the moved up and down formation cutting action in the described cutting mechanism are on the lengthwise position of junction of storage battery lid and accumulator body (2b); In described cutting mechanism, be provided with the cutting automatic control unit; Lid conveyer belt (4) is set below described cutting mechanism, and described lid conveyer belt (4) is vertical with the direction of transfer of storage battery conveyer belt (1);
At the blanking end of lid conveyer belt (4) lid is set and pulverizes the separation of produced line, it is to set gradually lid pulverizing unit, lid waterpower separative element and lid solid-liquid separation unit by the material outlet that the material inlet of next unit is accepted a last unit that described lid is pulverized the separation of produced line;
Accumulator body blanking end at storage battery conveyer belt (1) is provided with a body separation of produced line, and described body separation of produced line is to set gradually body fragmentation cell, body rotating cage unit, body waterpower separative element and body solid-liquid separation unit by the material outlet that the material inlet of next unit is accepted a last unit.
2. energy saving and environment friendly used and scrapped battery according to claim 1 is disassembled piece-rate system automatically, it is characterized in that being provided with described cutter (3) and be with hydraulic cylinder (5) being actuator, being driving member with hydraulic stem (6).
3. energy saving and environment friendly used and scrapped battery according to claim 1 is disassembled piece-rate system automatically, it is characterized in that two ends in described cutter (3), be on the same side, be fixedly connected with a wedge (8) with described cutter (3), one control lever (9) is to be the rotatable bar of center of rotation with a bearing pin, the top of control lever (9) is resisted against on the inclined-plane of described wedge (8), two control levers (9) that are separately positioned on two ends are connected with depression bar (10) in the bottom, wedge (8) moves down by being that the control lever (9) of center of rotation drives depression bar (10) and is pressed on the storage battery (2) with the bearing pin, with the fixed lever of depression bar (10) as storage battery (2) with cutter (3).
4. energy saving and environment friendly used and scrapped battery according to claim 1 is disassembled piece-rate system automatically, it is characterized in that described lid pulverizing unit adopts centrifugal weight pulverizer (12), the hopper (13) of centrifugal weight pulverizer (12) is undertaken on the discharge end of lid conveyer belt (4), and the particle through pulverizing and sieving is discharged in the particle outlet (14) of centrifugal weight pulverizer (12).
5. energy saving and environment friendly used and scrapped battery according to claim 4 is disassembled piece-rate system automatically, it is characterized in that adopting the waterpower separator in described lid waterpower separative element, described waterpower separator is that metallic particles conveyer belt (16) is set in waterpower separating tank (15); Be undertaken on by described metallic particles transport tape (16) in the particle outlet (14) of centrifugal weight pulverizer (12), in waterpower separating tank (15), be provided with skimming baffle (17), overfall be set on the notch of waterpower separating tank (15) as plastic grain floss hole (18).
6. energy saving and environment friendly used and scrapped battery according to claim 5 is disassembled piece-rate system automatically, it is characterized in that described lid solid-liquid separation unit is to be undertaken on the below that lid is pulverized the plastic grain floss hole (18) of unit with plastic grain filter screen (19), and have water leg (20) to collect to pulverize overflow water in the unit waterpower separating tank (15) from lid.
7. energy saving and environment friendly used and scrapped battery according to claim 1 is disassembled piece-rate system automatically, it is characterized in that described body fragmentation cell is that the fragmentation that the moves up and down shovel (21) that is driven by crankshaft connecting rod system is set, hopper (22) is set is undertaken on blanking one end that storage battery conveyer belt (1) is gone up accumulator body, broken shovel (21) is on the top position, the end outside of hopper (22); Described body cage shape turning barrel sieve unit is a rotating cage shape bucket sieve (23), enter in the bucket through the bucket sieve feeding mouth (23a) of the broken material of fragmentation shovel (21) by an end that is arranged on cage shape bucket sieve (23), a bucket sieve discharging opening (23b) is in the other end of cage shape bucket sieve (23); Bucket sieve feeding mouth (23a) is set is higher than bucket sieve discharging opening (23b).
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100535239A CN102148414B (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2011-03-07 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly automatic disassembly and separation system for waste batteries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100535239A CN102148414B (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2011-03-07 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly automatic disassembly and separation system for waste batteries |
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| CN102148414A true CN102148414A (en) | 2011-08-10 |
| CN102148414B CN102148414B (en) | 2013-01-02 |
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| CN103296294A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-09-11 | 安徽理工大学 | Automatic dismantling and separating device for waste dry cell and dismantling and separating method |
| CN103746152A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-23 | 魏兴虎 | Automatic conveying worktable |
| CN104308922A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-28 | 河北瑞福祥机械制造有限公司 | Leftover material collecting device for log machining production line |
| CN104577244A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽省华鑫铅业集团有限公司金铅分公司 | Method for disassembling waste battery |
| CN104752786A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-01 | 阳煤集团山西吉天利科技有限公司 | Waste lead-acid battery high-efficiency sorting recycling process |
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| CN103296294B (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2015-06-10 | 安徽理工大学 | Automatic dismantling and separating device for waste dry cell and dismantling and separating method |
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Effective date of registration: 20180524 Address after: 556300 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Taijiang County Development Zone leather area Patentee after: Guizhou Fire Kirin Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 236500 164-2 North Road, Xicheng bridge, Jieshou City, Fuyang, Anhui Co-patentee before: Anhui Huaxin Group Jieshou Taiyang Lead Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Shang Chengde |
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