CN102143831A - 具有印制导线的塑料表皮 - Google Patents
具有印制导线的塑料表皮 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102143831A CN102143831A CN2009801342910A CN200980134291A CN102143831A CN 102143831 A CN102143831 A CN 102143831A CN 2009801342910 A CN2009801342910 A CN 2009801342910A CN 200980134291 A CN200980134291 A CN 200980134291A CN 102143831 A CN102143831 A CN 102143831A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- epidermis
- mixture
- plastics epidermis
- plastic material
- plastics
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 claims description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002365 multiple layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009262 Dracaena angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007833 Dracaena angustifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003195 fascia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
- B60N2/5678—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by electrical systems
- B60N2/5685—Resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/08—Coating a former, core or other substrate by spraying or fluidisation, e.g. spraying powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/18—Slush casting, i.e. pouring moulding material into a hollow mould with excess material being poured off
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/22—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K37/00—Dashboards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K37/00—Dashboards
- B60K37/20—Dashboard panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/58—Seat coverings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
- B60R13/0256—Dashboard liners
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
- B29K2105/002—Agents changing electric characteristics
- B29K2105/0023—Agents changing electric characteristics improving electric conduction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
- B60K2360/40—Hardware adaptations for dashboards or instruments
- B60K2360/46—Electrical connections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
- B60R2013/0287—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners integrating other functions or accessories
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/029—Heaters specially adapted for seat warmers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Instrument Panels (AREA)
Abstract
一种作为涂层物体表层的单层或多层塑料表皮,其中,所述塑料表皮上的一些区域由所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物构成。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种作为涂层物体表层的塑料表皮,其中,所述塑料表皮配有导电的嵌入式印制导线。本发明还将揭示特别适合用来制造这种塑料表皮的方法、一种覆有该塑料表皮的衬里部件和一种用于汽车内部的座椅套。
背景技术
有纹理、带图案或者具有精细结构的塑料表皮广泛用作物体表面,例如应用于汽车内衬,在这个领域,塑料表皮常作为软度较大、手感极好的发泡薄膜应用在仪表板的衬里或车门的内壳上。当然,相应调整强度和设计后,这类薄膜也可用于其他的高档涂层物品。
现有技术中有不同的方法可以用来制造这类塑料表皮,例如用热塑性塑料制造“连续”膜片的辊压法,或者制造单个精铸成型表皮(即塑料成型件)的方法。
辊压法是用压花辊为片状物品形式的热塑性塑料薄膜配备一个三维结构化的压印表面,即一个有纹理的“皮革表面”。
在本案中,“精铸成型表皮”多少是指通过各种烧结或喷涂方法用成型工具制成的刚性塑料成型件,其中,将一或多种液态或粉末状成分送入模具中,并使其在该模具内完全固化/硬化。因此,通过旋转烧结工艺(例如制造搪塑表皮的方法)也能制成精铸成型表皮。
这类精铸工艺(werkzeugfallendes Verfahren)还可在制造过程中通过单独一个成型步骤来确定表面结构/表面纹理(即塑料表皮的表面,例如纹理的外观)和整个部件的几何形状。为此要在模具内反向设置纹理结构和部件的几何结构,用烧结或喷涂方法形成塑料表皮,而后脱模。
一般都会在压印和/或部件成型/深拉成部件规定形状之后(适用于片状物品)或者就在已经制成塑料表皮的模具内(适用于成型表皮)在片状物品和成型表皮的背面涂覆一层合成泡沫。当然还有其他已知的泡沫涂覆方法,如涂抹法。通过这道“背部发泡”工序可以产生形状相当稳定的三维成型部件。但背部发泡只是为塑料表皮构建支撑结构的其中一种方法。也可以粘接用硬质塑料制成的结构支撑元件。
EP 1 190 828 A1描述一种制造精铸熔件/铸件(如仪表板、车门衬里或杂物箱)的方法,其中,先在一个分离的下模中至少部分铺设一个弹性膜,该弹性膜将模具中所存在的接合缝覆盖,且其内表面设有纹理(例如皮革纹理)。在该弹性膜上喷涂一种构成部件表皮的反应性混合物,然后再用各种喷涂或熔融成型方法来施覆其他的加固层或泡沫层。
通常在制造过程结束后还需对具有支撑结构的成型表皮再进行一次精加工,亦即,将可能存在的表皮边缘切除,如果是仪表板,就为其开设用于安装仪表、开关、装饰条、收音机等等的孔隙或开口。然后将所有的开关和信号元件逐个装入仪表板并予以相应连接或配备连接线,装入汽车时再对这些连接线进行相应连接。仪表、照明器材和扬声器等元件的安装亦如此。此外还需安装装饰条和保持架。
也就是说,在将随时可予以安装的仪表板、车门组件或包含有功能元件的类似部件交付给负责进一步处理工作的机构(即汽车制造商)之前,整体上还需要实施一系列耗时耗费的制造步骤和逻辑规划。
为了简化上述制造过程,有人提出了以下方案:在实施背部发泡处理之前或之后,在成型表皮或薄膜的背面直接连接电线或薄膜电路(即设有蒸镀或粘接薄金属导线的薄膜),即进行层压或层合处理。
这个处理过程总是会出现问题,因为在这两种不同材料(成型表皮或薄膜和导线)的层合过程中,相应的压紧力会使装饰表面(即塑料表皮可以从外部看得到的表面)受损。
此外,上述材料如果在过高温度下以及发生不同程度的收缩时彼此层合,并在此后发生不同程度的冷却,就会在装饰表面留下记号。
另一个问题是,在温度较高的环境下进行贮存时,成型表皮或薄膜和导线具有不同的热膨胀系数,这会导致层合在装饰表面后面的第二层露出在外面。
还有一个问题是,完成制造过程以及与导线的层合处理后,上述材料的不同刚度会使装饰表面出现弯折。
此外在特定的表面区域,特别是用搪塑工艺(旋转烧结)制成的表面,脱模时会因刚度不同而产生曲折点。
除此之外,由于不存在背面可及性,因而无法将成型表皮上难以触及的区域与薄膜电路或导线予以层合。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种塑料表皮,这种塑料表皮一方面将复杂的后续加工步骤的数量减至最少,另一方面还能在实现组件高度整合的同时具有赏心悦目的外观。
本案主权利要求的特征是用以达成上述目的的解决方案。从属权利要求涉及的是其他有利设计方案。本发明同时还揭示了适用于这种塑料表皮的制造方法。
所述印制导线由所述塑料表皮的基本材料(即塑胶材料)和一种导电材料的混合物构成。也就是说,构成所述印制导线的混合物的其中一种成分是一种作为基质的聚合物,具有与所述塑料表皮相似的热膨胀特性及结构,另一种成分是导电材料。这样在硬化后,塑料基质内部就镶嵌了导电的材料。所述导电材料可以采用具有导电能力的特种海绵橡胶、炭黑、碳纤维、碳纳米管、具有固有导电性的聚合物或金属粉末或以上材料的混合物。这样在具体应用时,只需改变混合物就可对必要的欧姆电阻或电导率予以宽泛调整。当然也可采用其他导电材料,例如金属镀层芯材等等。
可以借助喷涂机器人将聚合物基质材料与导电材料的混合物涂覆在装饰表面的背面。如果装饰表面的温度足够高,喷涂上去的混合物就可熔接在装饰表面并与装饰表面形成一个稳定的复合体。
根据一种有利设计方案,所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料由聚氯乙烯(PVC)构成,所述印制导线由聚氯乙烯与石墨或炭黑的混合物构成。这使得相关材料在接受喷涂处理时具有特别良好的可加工性,还可在机械强度和导电性之间达到平衡。
根据另一有利设计方案,所述印制导线布置在所述塑料表皮的背面。这能简化制造,哪怕塑料表皮的形状非常复杂。
根据另一有利设计方案,所述印制导线作为中间层布置在所述塑料表皮的层厚范围内。在此情况下,印制导线完全被不导电的塑料包围,从而避免出现以后有可能发生的接触短路情况。
一种用塑胶材料形式的聚合物基质材料和导电材料制造印制导线或印制导线混合物的方法,其中,通过辊捏法将所述导电材料嵌入所述塑胶材料。剪力较大(即捏合辊之间的辊隙较窄),温度较高时,效果最好。
一种制造本发明塑料表皮的方法,其中,通过在经加热的成型工具的表面区域多次熔接塑料来构建成型表皮形式的所述塑料表皮,随后从所述成型工具中取出所述成型表皮,其中,所述“多次熔接”指的是先在所述成型工具上涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的至少一层塑胶材料,接着再涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物。这种方法可以非常方便地应用于现有的制造设备。
根据另一有利设计方案,所述“多次熔接”指的是先在所述成型工具上以粉末形式涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的至少一层塑胶材料,接着再以粉末混合物的形式涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物。在烧结或搪塑处理过程中可以很方便地在经加热的反应模内对粉末状塑料成分进行加工,这一点优选也适用于旋转烧结工艺。
举例而言,通过辊捏法制成上述导电混合物后再将其粉碎,就可得到粉末化了的导电材料。
根据另一有利设计方案,交替涂覆和熔接若干层粉末化塑胶材料和粉末化混合物。这样可以产生“空间”分布式印制导线,有助于实现复合式的进线和电路。
根据另一有利设计方案,涂覆所述粉末化混合物之前,在所述塑料表皮的已涂覆塑胶材料的表面不用来安装印制导线的区域内用覆盖层或掩模覆盖所述表面。这样可以制造形状精确的印制导线。
根据另一有利设计方案,通过旋转烧结法将所述塑料表皮的粉末化塑胶材料涂覆在所述成型工具上,或者通过旋转烧结法将所述粉末化混合物涂覆在所述塑料表皮的已涂覆塑胶材料的表面。细粉状颗粒在旋转烧结过程的高温下缓慢熔化,这可以确保印制导线稳定地镶嵌在塑料表皮中或者稳定地熔接在塑料表皮上。采用这种方法时,塑料粉末一般位于经加热的旋转模/反应模内,而后熔接在模具的经加热的壁部。
根据另一有利设计方案,通过喷涂法将所述粉末化混合物涂覆在所述塑料表皮的已涂覆塑胶材料的表面。借此可对该混合物进行准确的定位和定量。
根据另一有利设计方案,所述“多次熔接”指的是先在所述成型工具上以粉末形式涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的至少一层塑胶材料,接着再以溶解在溶液中的混合物的形式涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物。溶剂有助于简化各层之间的连接,进而加快所述制造方法的速度。
根据另一有利设计方案,先制造一轧制膜作为所述塑料表皮,随后再涂覆所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物,并将该混合物与轧制膜形式的所述塑料表皮连接。这样可以大批量地制造和提供可应用于不同领域的大面积卷状或片状塑料表皮。这种连续膜经剪裁后可以很容易地通过深拉工艺被加工成所需要的部件形状。
根据另一有利设计方案,通过常规印刷方法将所述混合物印刷在所述轧制膜上。这有助于简化批量生产。
根据另一有利设计方案,所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物含有一溶剂,该溶剂使已有或已涂覆的塑料表皮膨胀或部分溶解。如上所述,溶剂有助于简化各层之间的连接,进而加快所述制造方法的速度。
根据另一有利设计方案,先单独制造一印制导线,再将该印制导线与所述塑料表皮连接。其中,交替涂覆一层塑胶材料、一层混合物和一层塑胶材料,再将其连接成一个多层导电膜。接下来,将该导电膜切割成条形的印制导线并与所述塑料表皮连接。这样可以预制大量印制导线并按具体需要加以应用。所述方法的这种设计方案可为不同类型的塑料表皮(例如按旋转烧结法制成的成型表皮以及轧制表皮)提供印制导线。
根据另一有利设计方案,将多个塑胶材料层和多个混合物层连接成一个多层导电膜。如上所述,这样可以产生“空间”分布式印制导线。
另一种因特别简单而有利的设计方案为,通过粘接来建立所述印制导线和所述塑料表皮之间的连接。在上述应用领域,粘接是一种特别可靠的连接方式。
根据另一有利设计方案,通过热熔接来建立所述印制导线和所述塑料表皮之间的连接。这对于热成型方法而言也是有利的,因为本来就有足够的过程热可供使用。也可对所述印制导线的导电混合物(例如由挤出物形式的导电PVC混合物构成)进行加工,例如在150℃至200℃的温度下用热熔胶枪进行涂覆。
根据另一种特别有利的设计方案,通过塑化连接边界(例如通过添加溶剂)来建立所述印制导线和所述塑料表皮之间的连接。
本发明的塑料表皮特别适合用作汽车内部衬里部件的表面涂层,即应用于汽车内部的衬里部件,特别是仪表板。所述塑料表皮中已设有印制导线,通过这些印制导线可以实现导电、开关、感测或信号传输等功能。在塑料表皮中设置这些功能元件后就不必再后续安装单独的、需要与塑料表皮连接且配有大量连接线的线路、开关和传感器等元件。
特别对于需要由汽车乘客操作的开关元件而言,采用嵌入式印制导线是非常有利的。传感元件(例如温度传感器或红外传感器)可直接定位于塑料表皮的表面并通过所述印制导线与相应的控制设备或执行器连接。
通过印制导线嵌装在塑料表皮中的电子电路元件例如有会对压力、温度等产生反应的传感器以及会产生光、声音、波、振动等形式的信号的元件。照明元件(优选LED照明元件)可以通过印制导线予以整合,这样就不必再后续安装用于仪表板或杂物箱的照明设备。
目前有越来越多的汽车使用将地图投射在屏幕上的卫星导航设备,而利用嵌装在塑料表皮内的线路元件可以连接平面屏幕(优选薄膜状屏幕)形式的信号传输元件,这样的屏幕可以用作导航设备的显示器,也可以通过相应的电视控制器用作电视屏幕。
这类元件(例如作为信号传输元件整合在塑料膜中的平面发射器或平面屏幕)可以利用嵌装在塑料表皮内的印制导线十分方便地建立起连接,因而适合应用于汽车仪表板,同样也适用于会议室或宾馆大堂的家俱涂饰。
本发明的塑料表皮还特别适合用作汽车座椅面料。此时,所述印制导线可作为加热元件起到加热座椅的作用。而这种具有导电能力的塑料表皮就可作为电阻加热装置以导电平面结构的形式起到加热座椅的作用,具体方法是通过电极施加电流,再由电流加热这个导电平面结构。
这种塑料表皮当然也可用作汽车车门内衬,利用塑料表皮内的印制导线来连接用于车窗升降器和外视镜的开关元件,或者应用于汽车座椅套和靠背套,用于光线、通风和服务呼叫的开关元件则采用整合设计;等等。
附图说明
无
具体实施方式
图1展示的本发明的成型表皮1,即用旋转烧结工艺制成的客车仪表板搪塑表皮。仪表板的轮廓已经非常清晰,可以直接将该成型表皮安装到采用相应设计的底部加固结构(即所谓的支架)上。
该成型表皮的阴影区域2、3是多余的成型边缘,需要在后续加工过程中予以去除。阴影区域4同样需要在后续加工过程中予以切除,从而形成用以后续安装指示仪器的孔隙。
所述成型表皮中熔合有在图1中看不到的嵌入式印制导线,这些印制导线用于开关元件、传感元件或信号传输元件5、6、7和8,即:平面扬声器5,该扬声器整合在开关板6中的平衡开关、音量开关等,用于调节大灯高度的开关元件7,以及为副驾位置提供阅读照明的LED照明元件8。这些元件都与所述印制导线接触,或者部分由所述印制导线构成,或者通过由所述印制导线构成或提供的电路部件进行工作。开关元件6和7都是所谓的薄膜开关,会对电场因触摸而发生的变化产生相应反应。元件5、6、7和8上的所有连接件(未作图示)均以印制导线的形式一直延伸至成型表皮的背面,安装仪表板时可与汽车的车载电子设备直接连接。
参考符号表
(说明书部分)
1)塑料表皮
2)多余的成型边缘
3)多余的成型边缘
4)孔隙
5)平面扬声器
6)开关板/开关元件
7)开关元件
8)LED(发光二极管)照明元件
Claims (17)
1.一种用作汽车内部衬里部件的表面涂层的塑料表皮(1),其中,所述塑料表皮配有一导电的嵌入式印制导线,其特征在于,
所述印制导线由所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物构成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的塑料表皮(1),其中,所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料是聚氯乙烯(PVC),所述印制导线由聚氯乙烯与石墨或炭黑的混合物构成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的塑料表皮(1),其中,所述印制导线的混合物含有作为导电材料的碳纤维或金属粉末。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项权利要求所述的塑料表皮(1),其中,所述印制导线布置在所述塑料表皮的背面。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项权利要求所述的塑料表皮(1),其中,所述印制导线作为中间层布置在所述塑料表皮的层厚范围内。
6.一种用于制造如权利要求1至3中任一项权利要求所述的印制导线混合物的方法,其中,通过辊捏法将所述导电材料嵌入所述塑胶材料。
7.一种用于制造如权利要求1至5所述的塑料表皮的方法,其中,通过在一经加热的成型工具的表面区域多次熔接塑料来构建成型表皮形式的所述塑料表皮,随后从所述成型工具中取出所述成型表皮,其中,所述“多次熔接”指的是:
先在所述成型工具上涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的至少一层塑胶材料,以及
接着再涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制造一塑料表皮的方法,其中,所述“多次熔接”指的是:
先在所述成型工具上以粉末形式涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的至少一层塑胶材料,以及
接着再以粉末混合物的形式涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物。
9.根据权利要求10或11中任一项权利要求所述的方法,其中,通过喷涂法或旋转烧结法将所述粉末化混合物涂覆在所述塑料表皮的已涂覆塑胶材料的表面。
10.根据权利要求7所述的制造一塑料表皮的方法,其中,所述“多次熔接”指的是:
先在所述成型工具上以粉末形式涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的至少一层塑胶材料,以及
接着再以溶解在溶液中的混合物的形式涂覆和熔接所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物。
11.一种用于制造如权利要求1至5所述的塑料表皮的方法,其中,
先制造一轧制膜作为所述塑料表皮,以及
随后再涂覆所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物,并将所述混合物与轧制膜形式的所述塑料表皮连接。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中,将所述混合物印刷在所述轧制膜上。
13.根据权利要求11或12中任一项权利要求所述的制造一塑料表皮方法,其中,所述塑料表皮的塑胶材料与一导电材料的混合物含有一溶剂,所述溶剂使已有或已涂覆的塑料表皮膨胀或部分溶解。
14.一种用于制造如权利要求1至5所述的塑料表皮的方法,其中,
先制造一印制导线,具体方式是交替涂覆一层塑胶材料、一层混合物和一层塑胶材料,并将其连接成一多层导电膜,
随后将所述导电膜切割成条形的印制导线,
再将所述印制导线与所述塑料表皮连接。
15.根据权利要求11或14所述的方法,其中,将多个塑胶材料层和多个混合物层连接成一多层导电膜。
16.根据权利要求11、14或15所述的方法,其中,通过塑化连接边界来建立所述印制导线和所述塑料表皮之间的连接。
17.一种如权利要求1至5所述的塑料表皮的应用,用作汽车座椅的可加热面料。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008045757A DE102008045757A1 (de) | 2008-09-04 | 2008-09-04 | Kunststoffhaut mit Leiterbahnen |
DE102008045757.4 | 2008-09-04 | ||
PCT/EP2009/059835 WO2010026000A2 (de) | 2008-09-04 | 2009-07-30 | Kunststoffhaut mit leiterbahnen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN102143831A true CN102143831A (zh) | 2011-08-03 |
Family
ID=41650670
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2009801342910A Pending CN102143831A (zh) | 2008-09-04 | 2009-07-30 | 具有印制导线的塑料表皮 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8434807B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2334481A2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5745409B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101331519B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102143831A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102008045757A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010026000A2 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108973111A (zh) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-11 | 佛吉亚内饰系统有限责任公司 | 用于制造车辆内饰部件的方法和工具、以及车辆内饰部件 |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202011004899U1 (de) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-07-09 | Peguform Gmbh | Kraftfahrzeuginnenverkleidungsbauteil aus Kunststoff |
DE102011050585B4 (de) * | 2011-05-24 | 2014-05-08 | Kunststoff Helmbrechts Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffformkörpers als Anzeige- und/oder Funktionselement und Kunststoffformkörper |
ITTO20121084A1 (it) | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-15 | Plastic Components And Modules Auto Motive S P A | Dispositivo di controllo per un circuito elettrico integrato su un substrato di materiale polimerico |
ITTO20121083A1 (it) | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-15 | Plastic Components And Modules Auto Motive S P A | Materiale composito per la realizzazione di un componente o una parte strutturale, particolarmente per l'installazione a bordo di un veicolo, atto ad integrare dispositivi e collegamenti elettrici. |
ITTO20121082A1 (it) | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-15 | Plastic Components And Modules Auto Motive S P A | Perfezionamenti nell'integrazione di dispositivi e collegamenti elettrici in componenti o parti strutturali di materiale polimerico installati a bordo di un veicolo |
FR3083177B1 (fr) * | 2018-06-27 | 2021-04-02 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Panneau radiant destine a etre installe a l’interieur d’un habitacle de vehicule |
EP3782832B1 (en) | 2019-08-22 | 2024-03-13 | Motherson Innovations Company Limited | Trim component for cladding an interior space of a means of passenger transport |
EP3828019A1 (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-02 | Motherson Innovations Company Limited | Heating element for a trim component for cladding an interior space of a means of passenger transport |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004040943A1 (de) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-05-13 | Braincom Ag | Flächenheizung, verfahren.zu deren herstellung und heizbarer gegenstand sowie sitzbelegungserkennung, sitz damit und sitzbelegungserkennungsverfahren |
CN1545459A (zh) * | 2001-07-24 | 2004-11-10 | �����ֹ��̼��Źɷ�����˾ | 得到带整体式照明系统的车顶衬里的方法及如此得到的衬里 |
GB2418651A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-05 | Lear Corp | Automotive map pocket with an electroluminescent lamp |
DE102006008385A1 (de) * | 2006-02-21 | 2007-08-30 | Benecke-Kaliko Ag | Kunststoffhaut mit Schaltfunktion |
WO2008037520A1 (de) * | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-03 | Benecke-Kaliko Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formhäuten aus mehreren kunststoffen |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2541990B2 (ja) * | 1987-07-20 | 1996-10-09 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 導電性を有する自動車用装飾部材 |
BE1005821A3 (nl) * | 1992-05-18 | 1994-02-08 | Recticel | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van zelfdragende kunststof garnituuronderdelen en aldus vervaardigd garnituuronderdeel. |
EP1177880A1 (en) * | 2000-08-03 | 2002-02-06 | Recticel | Reaction injection moulding process for the production of a polyurethane skin layer |
EP1190828A1 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2002-03-27 | Recticel | Method and mould for manufacturing polyurethane articles |
EP2246404A1 (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2010-11-03 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets and surface protecting film |
-
2008
- 2008-09-04 DE DE102008045757A patent/DE102008045757A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-07-30 KR KR1020117007790A patent/KR101331519B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-07-30 EP EP09781260A patent/EP2334481A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-07-30 WO PCT/EP2009/059835 patent/WO2010026000A2/de active Application Filing
- 2009-07-30 JP JP2011525486A patent/JP5745409B2/ja active Active
- 2009-07-30 CN CN2009801342910A patent/CN102143831A/zh active Pending
-
2011
- 2011-03-04 US US13/064,074 patent/US8434807B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1545459A (zh) * | 2001-07-24 | 2004-11-10 | �����ֹ��̼��Źɷ�����˾ | 得到带整体式照明系统的车顶衬里的方法及如此得到的衬里 |
WO2004040943A1 (de) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-05-13 | Braincom Ag | Flächenheizung, verfahren.zu deren herstellung und heizbarer gegenstand sowie sitzbelegungserkennung, sitz damit und sitzbelegungserkennungsverfahren |
GB2418651A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-05 | Lear Corp | Automotive map pocket with an electroluminescent lamp |
DE102006008385A1 (de) * | 2006-02-21 | 2007-08-30 | Benecke-Kaliko Ag | Kunststoffhaut mit Schaltfunktion |
WO2008037520A1 (de) * | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-03 | Benecke-Kaliko Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formhäuten aus mehreren kunststoffen |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108973111A (zh) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-11 | 佛吉亚内饰系统有限责任公司 | 用于制造车辆内饰部件的方法和工具、以及车辆内饰部件 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110227360A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
DE102008045757A1 (de) | 2010-03-11 |
WO2010026000A3 (de) | 2010-07-22 |
KR101331519B1 (ko) | 2013-11-20 |
US8434807B2 (en) | 2013-05-07 |
JP2012501870A (ja) | 2012-01-26 |
EP2334481A2 (de) | 2011-06-22 |
KR20110085977A (ko) | 2011-07-27 |
JP5745409B2 (ja) | 2015-07-08 |
WO2010026000A2 (de) | 2010-03-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102143831A (zh) | 具有印制导线的塑料表皮 | |
JP4839382B2 (ja) | プラスチック表皮材の製造方法及び車両又は航空機の乗員室用内装部品のプラスチック表皮材 | |
EP2275307B1 (en) | Method for manufacturing a trim part for the interior of an automobile vehicle or at least a skin therefor. | |
CN102137744B (zh) | 具有电致发光元件的塑料表皮 | |
CN101203404B (zh) | 多色内部装饰部件 | |
US20070036946A1 (en) | Interior wall panel for a motor vehicle | |
CA2755931A1 (en) | Housing shell for portable electrical devices and method for the production thereof | |
US20040056382A1 (en) | Method of molding a vehicle trim component | |
JP2013517163A (ja) | 内装トリム部品を製造する方法 | |
US7758787B2 (en) | Multi-shot injection molded component and method of manufacture | |
JP2007534513A (ja) | クロス調テクスチャーカバー材料 | |
CN111483372A (zh) | 用于座椅元件的面板 | |
JP3298657B2 (ja) | 自動車用内装部品 | |
US20240149634A1 (en) | Vehicular Temperature Regulating System and Panel Assembly Including a Touch Panel Configured to be Heated or Cooled within a Passenger Compartment of a Vehicle | |
US20240149633A1 (en) | Vehicular Temperature Regulating System and Panel Assembly for Radiating Heat Within a Passenger Compartment of a Vehicle | |
US20210154969A1 (en) | Component for a vehicle and method for producing such a component | |
JPH10244833A (ja) | 自動車用内装部品 | |
JP2009269515A (ja) | 自動車用サンバイザーの遮光板 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20110803 |