CN102128510A - Pulse tube refrigerator - Google Patents
Pulse tube refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102128510A CN102128510A CN2011100214435A CN201110021443A CN102128510A CN 102128510 A CN102128510 A CN 102128510A CN 2011100214435 A CN2011100214435 A CN 2011100214435A CN 201110021443 A CN201110021443 A CN 201110021443A CN 102128510 A CN102128510 A CN 102128510A
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- Prior art keywords
- woven wire
- pulse tube
- copper
- refrigerator
- duplexer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/38—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field
- G01R33/3804—Additional hardware for cooling or heating of the magnet assembly, for housing a cooled or heated part of the magnet assembly or for temperature control of the magnet assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1408—Pulse-tube cycles with pulse tube having U-turn or L-turn type geometrical arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1412—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by heat exchanger details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1415—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by regenerator details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1424—Pulse tubes with basic schematic including an orifice and a reservoir
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/38—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field
- G01R33/381—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field using electromagnets
- G01R33/3815—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field using electromagnets with superconducting coils, e.g. power supply therefor
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pulse tube refrigerator including a heat exchanger having heat exchangeability better than that of the conventional art. The pulse tube refrigerator, includes a pulse tube; and a regenerator having a low temperature end, the low temperature end being in communication with a low temperature end of the pulse tube via a communicating path, wherein a heat exchanger is provided at the low temperature end side of the pulse tube in the communicating path; the heat exchanger includes a laminated body, the laminated body including at least first and second metal gauzes; the first and second metal gauzes include copper or a copper alloy; interfaces of the metal gauzes are diffusion-bonded to each other; and a side surface of the laminated body is diffusion-bonded to an internal wall forming the communicating path.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigerator of pulse tube.
Background technology
In the past to needing the device of ultra-low temperature surroundings, when for example nuclear magnetic resonance diagnosis device (MRI) etc. cools off, use refrigerator of pulse tube.
In refrigerator of pulse tube, come to form cold in the low-temperature end of cold accumulator and pulse tube by carrying out following action repeatedly: by the cold media gas as working fluid (for example, helium) of compressor compresses flow into cold accumulator and pulse tube action, and discharge cold media gas and be recycled to the action of compressor from pulse tube and cold accumulator.
The cold accumulator of refrigerator of pulse tube is made of the cartridge (cylinder) that has cool storage material in inside, and pulse tube is made of hollow tube-shape parts (cylinder).The low-temperature end of two cylinders is communicated with communication channel, and the cooling bench that connects cooled body is set in this position.
Usually, at the distolateral heat exchanger that is provided with of the low temperature of pulse tube, this heat exchanger constitutes (patent documentation 1) by the duplexer that constitutes with copper woven wire etc.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2005-30704 communique
In refrigerator of pulse tube in the past, at the distolateral duplexer that constitutes by copper woven wire etc. of filling as heat exchanger of the low temperature of pulse tube.Use woven wire be at cold media gas when cold accumulator flows into pulse tube, in order to avoid on the speed of cold media gas, produce big difference, promptly improve the rectification effect of cold media gas.
But, when constituting heat exchanger, be difficult to make the side and the inwall thermo-contact effectively of accommodating the groove of this duplexer of duplexer at this duplexer of the distolateral filling of the low temperature of pulse tube.Therefore, according to both contact conditions, the thermal resistance that can produce at the interface changes greatly, and heat exchange performance produces deviation, and perhaps the heat exchange performance of refrigerator of pulse tube can descend the degradation problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention finishes under this background, and the object of the invention is to provide a kind of refrigerator of pulse tube, and it is compared with the past, has the heat exchanger of the good heat exchange performance of performance.
The present invention is suitable for following refrigerator of pulse tube, and the low-temperature end of pulse tube is communicated with by communication channel with the low-temperature end of cold accumulator, it is characterized in that,
At the distolateral heat exchanger that is provided with of low temperature of the described pulse tube of described communication channel,
This heat exchanger has the duplexer that comprises the 1st and the 2nd woven wire at least,
The the described the 1st and the 2nd woven wire constitutes by copper or copper alloy,
Each woven wire interface each other is by diffusion bond,
The inwall of the side of described duplexer and the described communication channel of formation is by diffusion bond.
In addition, the invention provides following refrigerator of pulse tube, the low-temperature end of pulse tube is communicated with by communication channel with the low-temperature end of cold accumulator, it is characterized in that,
At the distolateral heat exchanger that is provided with of low temperature of the described pulse tube of described communication channel,
This heat exchanger has duplexer and the housing that comprises the 1st and the 2nd woven wire at least,
The the described the 1st and the 2nd woven wire and described housing constitute by copper or copper alloy,
Each woven wire interface each other is by diffusion bond,
Described duplexer is contained in the described housing,
The side of described duplexer and the inwall of described housing are by diffusion bond.
Also can be for as follows, in above-mentioned dipulse pipe refrigerator, described duplexer also has the 3rd woven wire that is made of the metal different with copper or copper alloy at topmost,
Each woven wire interface each other is by diffusion bond,
Described duplexer make described the 3rd woven wire side away from the low-temperature end of described cold accumulator be disposed in the described communication channel.
At this moment, also can be for as follows, described duplexer also has the 4th woven wire that is made of the metal different with copper or copper alloy,
Each woven wire interface each other is by diffusion bond,
Described duplexer is pressed described the 3rd woven wire, described the 1st woven wire, described the 4th woven wire, is reached the sequential cascade of described the 2nd woven wire.
In addition, can also be for as follows, described duplexer stacked more than 6 layers woven wire and constitute,
Described duplexer integral body constitutes by the alternately repetitive structure of the woven wire of the woven wire that is made of the metal different with copper or copper alloy and copper or copper alloy system,
Each woven wire interface each other is by diffusion bond.
In addition, can also be for as follows, in refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention, the woven wire mesh that is made of the metal different with described copper or copper alloy is of a size of the scope of 0.02mm～0.58mm.
In addition, can also be for as follows, in refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention, the metals different with described copper or copper alloy are stainless steel or nickel.
In addition, can also be for as follows, in refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention, each is in fact equal by the size of the woven wire mesh that the metal different with copper or copper alloy constitutes.
In addition, can also be for as follows, in refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention, the size of the woven wire mesh that each is made of the metal different with copper or copper alloy is less than the size of the woven wire mesh of each copper or copper alloy system.
In addition, can also be for as follows, in refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention, the woven wire mesh of described copper or copper alloy system is of a size of the scope of 0.05mm～1.14mm.
In addition, can also be for as follows, in refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention, the size of the woven wire mesh of each copper or copper alloy system is in fact equal.
Perhaps, can also be for as follows, the size of the woven wire mesh of each copper or copper alloy system is from stacked direction continous way or the stage minimizing to described duplexer of the woven wire of the low-temperature end of close described cold accumulator.
In addition, can also be for as follows, in refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention, described woven wire is rolled the woven wire of handling.
The effect of invention
In the present invention, can provide compared with the past, have the refrigerator of pulse tube of the heat exchanger of the good heat exchange performance of performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure that represents briefly based on an example of refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the concise and to the point cutaway view of an example of heat exchanger.
Fig. 3 is the concise and to the point decomposition chart that is contained in the duplexer in the heat exchanger.
Fig. 4 is the concise and to the point sectional view of an example of other heat exchangers.
Fig. 5 is the concise and to the point decomposition chart that is contained in other duplexers in the heat exchanger.
Fig. 6 is the concise and to the point decomposition chart that is contained in another other duplexers in the heat exchanger.
Among the figure: 100-refrigerator of pulse tube, 110-compressor, 110a-air bleeding valve, the 110b-inlet valve, 112-gas flow, 115-flange, the 120-cold accumulator, 121-cylinder, 122-cool storage material, the temperature end of 125a-cold accumulator, the low-temperature end of 125b-cold accumulator, 140-pulse tube, the 141-cylinder, the temperature end of 145a-pulse tube, the low-temperature end of 145b-pulse tube, 149a, the 149b-heat exchanger, 150-duplexer, other duplexers of 150A-, another other duplexers of 150B-, 152A, 153A, 154A-the 1st woven wire, 152B, 153B, 154B-the 2nd woven wire, 152C, 153C, 154C-the 3rd woven wire, the 159-housing, the 180-cooling bench, 182-communication channel, 184-inwall, the 189-groove, the 190-surge tank, 192-gas flow, 194-throttle orifice.
The specific embodiment
Below, mode of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Represent a example among Fig. 1 briefly based on refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, based on refrigerator of pulse tube 100 of the present invention, have compressor 110, cold accumulator 120, pulse tube 140, cooling bench 180 and surge tank 190.Cold accumulator 120 has temperature end 125a and low-temperature end 125b, and pulse tube 140 has temperature end 145a and low-temperature end 145b.
Be connected with air bleeding valve 110a and inlet valve 110b on the compressor 110.And compressor 110 is connected in the temperature end 125a of cold accumulator 120 by gas flow 112.
The low-temperature end 145b of the low-temperature end 125b of cold accumulator 120 and pulse tube 140 contacts, is fixed in cooling bench 180 made of copper.In addition, the low-temperature end 145b of the low-temperature end 125b of cold accumulator 120 and pulse tube 140 is communicated with by the communication channel 182 that is arranged in the cooling bench 180.Cooling bench 180 and the not shown object thermally coupled that is cooled cool off the object that is cooled.
In addition, cold accumulator 120 and pulse tube 140, temperature end 125a separately and 145a are connected to flange 115, are fixed thus.
Then, simple declaration is carried out in the action of the refrigerator of pulse tube of such formation.
At first, for opening, inlet valve 110b is under the off status at air bleeding valve 110a, supplies with the cold media gas of high pressure to cold accumulator 120 by air bleeding valve 110a and gas flow 112 from gas compressor 110.Flow into the cold media gas in the cold accumulator 120, be cooled by cool storage material 122 and reduce temperature, simultaneously, from the low-temperature end 125b of cold accumulator 120 by communication channel 182.Cold media gas further is cooled by the heat exchanger 149b of the low-temperature end 145b side that is arranged at pulse tube 140, and flows into the inside of pulse tube 140.
At this moment, preexist in the cold media gas of the inside of pulse tube 140, be compressed by the high pressure refrigerant gas that flows into.Thus, the pressure of the cold media gas in the pulse tube 140 becomes and is higher than pressure in the surge tank 190, and cold media gas flows into surge tanks 190 by throttle orifice 194 and gas flow 192.
Then, if close air bleeding valve 110a, open inlet valve 110b, then the cold media gas in the pulse tube 140 flows into the low-temperature end 125b of cold accumulator 120 by low-temperature end 145b.In addition, when cooling off cool storage material 122, cold media gas, is recycled to compressor 110 by gas flow 112 and inlet valve 110b from temperature end 125a by in the cold accumulator 120.
Wherein, pulse tube 140 is connected with surge tank 190 by throttle orifice 194.Therefore, the phase place of the Volume Changes of the phase place of the pressure oscillation of cold media gas and cold media gas changes with certain phase difference.According to this phase difference, in the low-temperature end 145b of pulse tube 140, the cold based on the expansion of cold media gas takes place.Refrigerator of pulse tube 100 can cool off the object that is cooled that is connected in cooling bench 180 by above-mentioned repeatedly action.
But, in the refrigerator of pulse tube in the past,, use the duplexer that constitutes by woven wire made of copper etc. as the distolateral heat exchanger of the low temperature that is arranged at pulse tube.Use this woven wire be at cold media gas when cold accumulator flows into pulse tube, in order to avoid on the speed of cold media gas, produce big difference, be the rectification effect that obtains cold media gas.After this duplexer was fixed (joint) in the mode that each structure member does not depart from mutually, the low temperature that is filled in pulse tube was distolateral.
But, when like this constituting heat exchanger, even form duplexer with high-precision size, also can't avoid the side of duplexer with the inwall of the groove of accommodating this duplexer (in the example of Fig. 1, being communication channel 182) between generation gap to a certain degree.Therefore, produce and to be difficult to make both problems of thermo-contact reliably all the time.In addition, therefore, according to both contact conditions, the thermal resistance that produces at the interface changes greatly, and heat exchange performance produces deviation, perhaps degradation problem under the heat exchange performance of refrigerator of pulse tube.
In addition, in order to handle this problem, after can considering in groove, to fill duplexer, the sidepiece of duplexer is brazed in the inwall of groove.
But, in this method,, the sidepiece of duplexer is integrally contacted with the inwall of groove though can make both of inwall of duplexer and groove locate to contact at a plurality of " points ".Therefore, this method is also insufficient as the inhibition effect of thermal resistance, can not fundamentally solve the above problems.
Relative therewith, in refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention, have following feature: be arranged at the heat exchanger 149b of the low-temperature end 145b side of pulse tube 140, with the inwall diffusion bond of the groove of accommodating this heat exchanger 149b.
When constituting heat exchanger 149b like this, the sidepiece of heat exchanger 149b is contacted all the time with the inwall of groove.Therefore, can alleviate or eliminate picture thermal resistance between in the past and change greatly, or the problem of the heat exchange performance of refrigerator of pulse tube decline.
Below, further describe feature of the present invention with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
Among Fig. 2 schematically expression connect near the groove 189 of cooling bench 180 of low-temperature end 145b of pulse tube 140 cross section.The concise and to the point cross section of the example of the heat exchanger 149b that uses among the present invention shown in this figure.The concise and to the point decomposition chart of an example of the duplexer 150 of expression formation heat exchanger 149b among Fig. 3.
As shown in Figure 2, heat exchanger 149b is formed in the groove 189 of cooling bench 180.Heat exchanger 149b has duplexer 150, and inwall 184 diffusion bond of the side of this duplexer and groove 189.
As shown in Figure 3, under the general situation, duplexer 150 by stacked a plurality of copper or copper alloy system (below, both are referred to as " copper (system) ") woven wire and constitute.In the example of Fig. 3, duplexer 150 by stacked the 1st woven wire 152A, the 2nd woven wire 152B, the 3rd woven wire 152C ... and n woven wire 152N and constituting.But duplexer 150 also can be made of single copper woven wire 152A.These woven wires 152A, 152B, 152C ... and each contact interface diffusion bond of 152N.Thereby, each thermo-contact raising at the interface, thermal resistance at the interface diminishes.
At first, stacked each woven wire 152A made of copper, 152B, 152C ... and 152N.Then, the assembly that obtains is arranged in the groove 189 of cooling bench 180.Afterwards, by being carried out " diffusion bond processing ", each cooling bench 180 forms heat exchanger 149b.
At this, so-called " diffusion bond processing " is, at each parts interface each other the counterdiffusion of atom phase takes place by heating, carries out the general name of the method for interface thus.Diffusion bond among the application is handled and is generally carried out under 800 ℃～1080 ℃ scope (for example 1000 ℃).
Handle by this diffusion bond, when adhesion, engaging the interface between each woven wire, in the side of the inwall 184 diffusion bond duplexers 150 of groove 189.
In addition, the diffusion bond of each woven wire is handled also and can be implemented (that is, " 2 stage " diffusion bond is handled) before the duplexer 150 and inwall 184 diffusion bond of groove 189 are handled.
In the structure of this heat exchanger 149b, with duplexer 150 from after be filled in groove 189 situation compare, can improve the thermo-contact between heat exchanger 149b and the cooling bench 180, and can suppress thermal resistance between the two effectively.
At this, in Fig. 3, each copper woven wire 152A, 152B, 152C ... reach the mesh of 152N or the size of mesh (aperture) and in fact can equate, also can be different.
In addition, in this application, so-called " mesh " is meant and is in 1 inch hole count between (25.4mm); So-called " mesh " is meant, the line part distance (length in gap) to each other of woven wire institute adjacency.
The mesh of each woven wire 152A～152N not simultaneously, mesh also can be by the order of the 1st woven wire 152A to the n woven wire 152N, it is big that continous way or stage (for example stepped) become.At this moment, the thick n woven wire 152N of tiny the 1st woven wire 152A of mesh and mesh compares, and is arranged at low-temperature end 125b one side (near a side of pulse tube 140) away from cold accumulator 120.Thus, when cold media gas flows to pulse tube 140 from cold accumulator 120, be difficult on the flow velocity of cold media gas, produce big change, can obtain more effective rectification effect.
The sum of woven wire is also according to the thickness of each woven wire etc. and different, but also can be 2～200 scope (for example 100).
The mesh of each woven wire made of copper is generally the scope of #16～#300, and this is converted into the mesh of woven wire, then is the scope of about 1.14mm～about 0.05mm.The mesh of preferred each copper woven wire is the scope of #60～#150 (convert with mesh, be about 0.303mm～about 0.104mm).
In addition, each woven wire also can be the woven wire of handling through calendering.Woven wire through rolling processing is shown in the TOHKEMY 2003-28526.Shown in Fig. 2 (A) of TOHKEMY 2003-28526, handle woven wire by calendering, woven wire contact area each other increases.Woven wire thermo-contact resistance force diminishes each other, heat exchanger effectiveness improves.If the thickness of the woven wire before calendering is handled is made as 1, after then handling 0.4～0.99 scope.Preferred this thickness is 0.6～0.8 scope.
In addition, in the example of Fig. 2, inwall 184 diffusion bond of the groove 189 of the side of heat exchanger 149b and cooling bench 180.But mode of the present invention is not limited thereto.For example the side of heat exchanger 149b also can with the inwall diffusion bond of the low-temperature end 145b side of the cylinder 141 that constitutes pulse tube 140.
Then, with reference to Fig. 4, the structure of other heat exchangers 149b-2 is described.Among Fig. 4 schematically expression connect near the groove 189 of cooling bench 180 of low-temperature end 145b of pulse tube 140 cross section.The concise and to the point sectional view of the example of the heat exchanger 149b-2 that uses among the present invention shown in this figure.
As shown in Figure 4, heat exchanger 149b-2 is formed at the groove 189 of cooling bench 180.This heat exchanger 149b-2 has and the above-mentioned identical duplexer of heat exchanger 149b shown in Figure 2.But this heat exchanger 149b-2 further has the feature of the housing 159 that possesses the duplexer 150 of accommodating woven wire.This housing 159 is made of copper or copper alloy.In addition, the top and lower aperture of housing 159, and have and the roughly suitable lateral dimension of the internal diameter of groove 189.The inwall diffusion bond of duplexer 150 its sides of woven wire and the side of housing 159.
After heat exchanger 149b-2 can be filled in the housing 159 by stacked each woven wire 152A～152N, form by each this housing 159 being carried out the diffusion bond processing.Afterwards, this housing 159 is arranged at the groove 189 of cooling bench 180, inwall 184 solderings of the groove 189 of housing 159 and cooling bench 180.
At this, what need be careful is, when housing 159 and inwall 184 are carried out soldering, both adhesion, the degree of contact at contact interface place, also such as in the past directly duplexer and inwall are carried out soldering the time good.This is because generally there is the end of a plurality of parts in the side of duplexer, therefore is difficult to high dimensional accuracy smoothing fully, and housing 159 is made of single parts relatively therewith, so its side can be with high accuracy smoothing with comparalive ease.
Thereby, even compare with heat exchanger in the past, also can improve the thermo-contact between heat exchanger 149b-2 and the cooling bench 180, and can suppress thermal resistance between the two effectively as the structure of Fig. 4.
In addition, in the example of Fig. 4, heat exchanger 149b-2 directly is arranged in the groove 189 of cooling bench 180.But mode of the present invention is not limited thereto.For example the outside of heat exchanger 149b-2 can with the low-temperature end 145b side contacts of the cylinder 141 that constitutes pulse tube 140.At this moment, the housing 159 of heat exchanger 149b-2 and the inwall soldering of cylinder 141.
In the above example, the situation that heat exchanger 149b and heat exchanger 149b-2 is had the duplexer 150 that is made of the copper woven wire is illustrated.But the present invention is not limited to this mode.
The structure of expression heat exchanger 149b and employed other duplexers of heat exchanger 149-2 among Fig. 5.
In Fig. 5, duplexer 150A passes through with the 1st woven wire 153A, the 2nd woven wire 153B, the 3rd woven wire 153C, the 4th woven wire 153D ... and the sequential cascade of n woven wire 153N and constituting.In addition, identical with above-mentioned duplexer 150, the final diffusion bond in each woven wire interface each other.
At this, the 2nd woven wire 153B～n woven wire 153N is a copper, and is relative therewith, and the 1st woven wire 153A is made of the metal or alloy beyond the copper.For example, the 1st woven wire 153A also can be stainless steel (SUS304,316 etc.) or nickel etc.Stainless steel and nickel and copper is the specific rigidity height mutually.Therefore, when constituting the 1st woven wire 153A by stainless steel or nickel, can improve the rigidity of the duplexer 150A that finally obtains, during use, because the pressure of cold media gas, the possibility of duplexer 150 distortion diminishes.
And the 1st woven wire 153A also can have the big mesh (that is little mesh) of comparing with other woven wires.At this moment, duplexer 150A a side that the side of the 1st woven wire 153A is become away from the low-temperature end 125b of cold accumulator 120 is arranged in the groove 189 (in the example of Fig. 2, Fig. 4, making it to become upside).Thus, the cold media gas with respect to coming and going between cold accumulator 120 and pulse tube 140 obtains high rectification effect.
And, generally in the copper woven wire,, there is the problem (for example, the maximum of mesh is about #100, and the minimum of a value of mesh is about 0.134～0.154mm) that is difficult to make the woven wire that mesh is big, mesh is thin by the restriction on process technology and the cost.But when non-woven wire made of copper such as for example stainless steel, it is big to become more readily available mesh, and the thin woven wire of mesh.Therefore, about the rectification of heat exchanger 149b, 149b-2, can realize designing widely by 2 kinds of materials of combination.
For example, the mesh of the 1st woven wire 153A is the scope of #30～#500, the scope of preferred #60～#400.This converts with mesh and is equivalent to about 0.577mm～about 0.026mm and about 0.253mm～about 0.034mm respectively.On the other hand, the mesh of the 2nd woven wire 153B～n woven wire 153N is the scope of #16～#300, is preferably the scope of #60～#150.This converts with mesh and is equivalent to about 1.14mm～about 0.05mm and about 0.303mm～about 0.104mm respectively.In addition, as previously mentioned, mesh or the mesh of the 2nd woven wire 153B～n woven wire 153N can be identical, also can be different.
The sum of woven wire is according to the thickness of each woven wire etc. and different, but also can be 2～200 scope (for example 100).
As above-mentioned, duplexer 150A is arranged in the groove 189 of cooling bench 180, handles and forms heat exchanger 149b by this being carried out diffusion bond.Perhaps, duplexer 150A is arranged in the housing 159, after this being carried out the diffusion bond processing, housing 159 is arranged in the groove 189 of cooling bench 180, forms heat exchanger 149b-2 by soldering housing 159 and inwall 184.Diffusion bond is handled and is for example carried out under the scope of 800 ℃～1080 ℃ (for example 1000 ℃).
The employed structure of other duplexers in addition of expression heat exchanger 149b and heat exchanger 149b-2 in Fig. 6.
In Fig. 6, duplexer 150B passes through with the 1st woven wire 154A, the 2nd woven wire 154B, the 3rd woven wire 154C, the 4th woven wire 154D ... and n woven wire 154N sequential cascade and constituting.In addition, identical with above-mentioned duplexer 150 and 150A, the final diffusion bond in each woven wire interface each other.
The 2nd woven wire 154B, the 4th woven wire 154D, and the 6th woven wire 154F～n woven wire 154N be copper.Relative with it, the 1st woven wire 154A, the 3rd woven wire 154C, and these 3 of the 5th woven wire 154E constitute by the metal or alloy beyond the copper.For example, the 1st woven wire 154A, the 3rd woven wire 154C, and the 5th woven wire 154E by formations such as stainless steel (SUS304,316 etc.) or nickel.In addition, the 1st woven wire 154A, the 3rd woven wire 154C, and the 5th woven wire 154E can constitute by same material, also can constitute by different materials.
In the structure of this figure, the alternately laminated circulation C of non-copper woven wire and copper woven wire repeats 3 times.
The 1st woven wire 154A, the 3rd woven wire 154C, and these 3 of the 5th woven wire 154E compare with other woven wire and have big mesh (being little mesh).For example, the 1st woven wire 154A, the 3rd woven wire 154C, and the mesh of the 5th woven wire 154E be the scope of #30～#500 (being scaled about 0.577mm～about 0.026mm) with mesh, be preferably the scope of #60～#400 (being scaled about 0.253mm～about 0.034mm) with mesh.On the other hand, the mesh of remaining copper woven wire 154B, 154D, 154F～154N is the scope of #16～#300 (being scaled about 1.14mm～about 0.05mm with mesh), is preferably the scope of #60～#150 (being scaled about 0.303mm～about 0.104mm with mesh).In addition, the size of copper woven wire mesh can be the same or different.The size of each mesh of copper woven wire 154B～154N not simultaneously, mesh can be with the order of the 2nd woven wire 154B to the n woven wire 154N, it is big that continous way or stage (for example stepped) become.
Though the sum of woven wire is based on the thickness of each woven wire, also can be 2～200 scope (for example 100).
Duplexer 150B shown in Figure 6 in use, the side that the 1st woven wire 154A is become away from the communication channel 182 of cooling bench 180 is arranged in the cooling bench 180 (in the example of Fig. 2, Fig. 4, making it to become upside).
In addition, in the example of Fig. 6, amount to 3 non-copper woven wires to comprising, period C is that 3 times duplexer 150B is illustrated, but in duplexer 150B, non-copper wire netting index and period C are not particularly limited.The numerical example of non-copper woven wire as can be 2, more than 4 or 6.And repeat number C also can be 2 times, more than 4 times or 6 times.For example also can repeat the alternate configurations of non-copper and copper woven wire from the 1st woven wire to the n woven wire (promptly in the scope of the integral body of duplexer 150B).
More than, with reference to accompanying drawing the example based on embodiments of the invention is illustrated.But those skilled in the art are as can be known clear and definite, and the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned structure.For example, in above-mentioned example, refrigerator of pulse tube 100 is a single stage type.But the present invention also goes for 2 grades of formulas or 3 grades of multi-stage pulse tube refrigerators such as formula.
[embodiment]
In fact, in the groove of cooling bench, operation under general condition is formed with the refrigerator of pulse tube as above-mentioned heat exchanger 149b shown in Figure 2, measures the temperature of cooling bench.The duplexer of heat exchanger 149b uses the duplexer 150A of structure shown in Figure 5.The woven wire 153A of topmost uses the woven wire of mesh as the SUS304 system of #250.In addition, the 2nd grade of later woven wire uses the copper woven wire of mesh as #80.
The result who measures, the temperature of cooling bench is about 36.4K (Kelvin).On the other hand, (having mesh is the duplexer made of copper of #80 to possess in the past heat exchanger in the groove of cooling bench, the sidepiece of duplexer not with the inwall diffusion bond of groove) refrigerator of pulse tube in, carried out identical mensuration, the temperature of cooling bench is about 40.2K (Kelvin).
Can confirm that from this result cooling capacity compared with the past is improved based on the refrigerator of pulse tube of the present invention.
The industry practicality
The present invention is applicable to single stage type or the multi-stag refrigerator of pulse tube that is suitable in the cryogenic systems such as nuclear magnetic resonance diagnosis device, superconducting magnet apparatus, cryogenic pump.
Claims (14)
1. refrigerator of pulse tube, the low-temperature end of pulse tube is communicated with by communication channel with the low-temperature end of cold accumulator, it is characterized in that,
At the distolateral heat exchanger that is provided with of low temperature of the described pulse tube of described communication channel,
This heat exchanger has the duplexer that comprises the 1st and the 2nd woven wire at least,
The the described the 1st and the 2nd woven wire constitutes by copper or copper alloy,
Each woven wire interface each other is by diffusion bond,
The inwall of the side of described duplexer and the described communication channel of formation is by diffusion bond.
2. refrigerator of pulse tube, the low-temperature end of pulse tube is communicated with by communication channel with the low-temperature end of cold accumulator, it is characterized in that,
At the distolateral heat exchanger that is provided with of low temperature of the described pulse tube of described communication channel,
This heat exchanger has duplexer and the housing that comprises the 1st and the 2nd woven wire at least,
The the described the 1st and the 2nd woven wire and described housing constitute by copper or copper alloy,
Each woven wire interface each other is by diffusion bond,
Described duplexer is contained in the described housing,
The side of described duplexer and the inwall of described housing are by diffusion bond.
3. refrigerator of pulse tube as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that,
Described duplexer also has the 3rd woven wire that is made of the metal different with copper or copper alloy at topmost,
Each woven wire interface each other is by diffusion bond,
Described duplexer make described the 3rd woven wire side away from the low-temperature end of described cold accumulator be disposed in the described communication channel.
4. refrigerator of pulse tube as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that,
Described duplexer also has the 4th woven wire that is made of the metal different with copper or copper alloy,
Each woven wire interface each other is by diffusion bond,
Described duplexer is pressed described the 3rd woven wire, described the 1st woven wire, described the 4th woven wire, is reached the sequential cascade of described the 2nd woven wire.
5. refrigerator of pulse tube as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Described duplexer stacked more than 6 layers woven wire and constitute,
Described duplexer integral body constitutes by the alternately repetitive structure of the woven wire of the woven wire that is made of the metal different with copper or copper alloy and copper or copper alloy system,
Each woven wire interface each other is by diffusion bond.
6. as each described refrigerator of pulse tube in the claim 3～5, it is characterized in that,
The woven wire mesh that is made of the metal different with described copper or copper alloy is of a size of the scope of 0.02mm～0.58mm.
7. as each described refrigerator of pulse tube in the claim 1～6, it is characterized in that,
Described woven wire is rolled the woven wire of handling.
8. refrigerator of pulse tube as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that,
If the thickness of the woven wire before described calendering is handled is made as 1, then the thickness of the woven wire of being handled by described calendering is 0.4～0.99 scope.
9. as each described refrigerator of pulse tube in the claim 3～8, it is characterized in that,
The metals different with described copper or copper alloy are stainless steel or nickel.
10. as each described refrigerator of pulse tube in the claim 4～9, it is characterized in that,
Each is in fact equal by the size of the woven wire mesh that the metal different with copper or copper alloy constitutes.
11. as each described refrigerator of pulse tube in the claim 4～9, it is characterized in that,
The size of the woven wire mesh that each is made of the metal different with copper or copper alloy is less than the size of the woven wire mesh of each copper or copper alloy system.
12. as each described refrigerator of pulse tube in the claim 1～11, it is characterized in that,
The woven wire mesh of described copper or copper alloy system is of a size of the scope of 0.05mm～1.14mm.
13. as each described refrigerator of pulse tube in the claim 1～12, it is characterized in that,
The size of the woven wire mesh of each copper or copper alloy system is in fact equal.
14. as each described refrigerator of pulse tube in the claim 1～12, it is characterized in that,
The size of the woven wire mesh of each copper or copper alloy system is from the woven wire of the low-temperature end of close described cold accumulator, to the stacked direction continous way or the stage minimizing of described duplexer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510968698.0A CN105485955B (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2011-01-19 | Refrigerator of pulse tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010010447A JP2011149600A (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2010-01-20 | Pulse tube refrigerator |
| JP010447/2010 | 2010-01-20 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510968698.0A Division CN105485955B (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2011-01-19 | Refrigerator of pulse tube |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102128510A true CN102128510A (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100214435A Pending CN102128510A (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2011-01-19 | Pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN201510968698.0A Active CN105485955B (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2011-01-19 | Refrigerator of pulse tube |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510968698.0A Active CN105485955B (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2011-01-19 | Refrigerator of pulse tube |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110173995A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2011149600A (en) |
| CN (2) | CN102128510A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011009019A1 (en) |
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| CN104034079A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-10 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN104180568A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-12-03 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Stirling-type pulse tube refrigerator and flow smoother thereof |
| CN104344593A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-11 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Refrigerator |
| CN105047353A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-11 | 奥泰医疗系统有限责任公司 | Low-temperature electrical-insulating heat transfer component |
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| JP2014055738A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-27 | Railway Technical Research Institute | Cold storage refrigerator |
| CN104736945B (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2016-08-17 | 株式会社东芝 | Cold head, superconducting magnet, inspection device and cryogenic pump |
| JP6165618B2 (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2017-07-19 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Cold storage material and cold storage type refrigerator |
| CN114074152B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2023-12-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Screen sintering method for heat regenerator |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102011009019A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
| JP2011149600A (en) | 2011-08-04 |
| CN105485955B (en) | 2018-05-22 |
| US20110173995A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
| CN105485955A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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Application publication date: 20110720 |