CN102115736B - 一种植物叶绿素酶的纯化方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于植物生物技术领域,公开了一种植物叶绿素酶的纯化方法。本发明以植物蛋白粗提液为材料,依次采用有机溶剂沉淀、离子交换色谱和非变性凝胶电泳方法,纯化叶绿素酶。利用本发明的植物叶绿素酶纯化方法,步骤简单、周期短、操作方便,克服了经典方法存在的步骤多、酶失活等缺陷。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种植物叶绿素酶的纯化方法,具体地,依次采用有机溶剂沉淀、离子交换层析和非变性凝胶电泳方法,简洁地从植物蛋白粗提液中分离得到纯化的叶绿素酶,属于植物生物技术领域。
背景技术
叶绿素酶(Chlorophyllase,EC 3.1.1.14),催化叶绿素水解生成脱植醇叶绿素和植醇。1913年,Willstatter和Stoll首次报道了植物中存在叶绿素酶,其后,叶绿素酶的生理功能及其应用研究得到了迅速的发展,概括为:(1)叶绿素酶的生理功能;(2)细胞内分布;(3)酶的生化动力学特征;(4)基因克隆与诱导表达;(5)油脂加工的脱绿。
上述研究与应用的基础在于得到纯的叶绿素酶蛋白。目前,植物叶绿素酶的分离纯化主要是利用硫酸铵分级沉淀、疏水层析、离子交换、分子筛过滤等方法,过程复杂,酶收率低。例如Tsuchiya等(Tsuchiya T,et al.Purification and characterization of two isozymesof chlorophyllase from mature leaves of Chenopodium album.Plant CellPhysiology,1997,38(9):1026-1031)在分离藜叶绿素酶的过程中采用硫酸铵沉淀、ToyopealHW-55疏水层析、Con A层析、Heparin层析、Mono Q离子交换色谱和Superdex 200分子筛过滤6步纯化,得到纯的叶绿素酶,但过多的纯化步骤,造成严重的酶活损失,仅Toyopeal HW-55一步,酶收率就降低了91.4%,最终收率只有0.24-0.51%。
Shioi等(Shioi Y,et al.A simple purification method for the preparation ofsolublized chlorophyllase from Chlorella protothecoides,AnalvticalBiochemistry,1980,105(1):74-79)采用硫酸铵分级沉淀、Sepharose CL-6B和Sephadex G-200分子筛层析纯化小球藻的叶绿素酶,提高了酶的收率,简化了纯化程序,但是对于复杂的植物细胞体系,该方法所得酶的纯度达不到要求。
因此,改良植物叶绿素酶纯化的方法,简化纯化步骤,在保持酶活性的同时,达到纯度要求,具有一定的价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种植物叶绿素酶的纯化方法,简化纯化步骤,在保持酶活性的同时达到叶绿素酶纯度的要求。
实现上述目的的技术方案如下:
(1)有机溶液沉淀
植物蛋白粗提液,在4℃下边搅拌边缓慢加入有机溶剂,有机溶剂可选用乙醇、甲醇或丙酮中的任一种,控制有机溶剂的体积比浓度为20-40%;随后10000-12000rpm离心沉淀,弃去上清液,向每1g沉淀中加入含有质量体积比浓度为0.24%的TritonX-100磷酸缓冲液(20mmol/L,pH7.0)10-15mL,于4℃下缓慢搅拌1h,随后10000-12000rpm离心,弃去沉淀,上清液即为酶液I。
(2)离子交换层析
将步骤(1)得到的酶液I上样于DEAE-Sephacel或DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B离子交换层析柱,然后用含有0-29.3g/L NaCl的磷酸缓冲液(20mmol/L,pH7.0)洗脱,收集具有叶绿素酶活性的组分,加入超滤浓缩离心管中,3000rpm,4℃离心,得到的浓缩液即为酶液II。
(3)非变性凝胶电泳
将步骤(2)中得到的酶液II与上样缓冲液(20mmol/L、pH6.8的Tris-HCl;质量体积比为10%的甘氨酸;质量体积比为0.1%的十二烷基磺酸钠)混合加样于丙烯酰胺质量浓度为5-6%的浓缩胶及丙烯酰胺质量浓度为12-14%的分离胶上,电泳。电泳后将分离胶每0.5cm横向割成条带,分别放入磷酸缓冲液(20mmol/L,pH7.0)中,37℃过夜浸出蛋白,收集有叶绿素酶活性的组分即为纯化的叶绿素酶液III。
上述酶的纯度可采用质量浓度为14%的丙烯酰胺,质量体积比为1%的十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测,电泳缓冲液为25mmol/L Tris-甘氨酸(pH 8.3),以考马斯亮蓝R-250染色,甲醇/冰醋酸/蒸馏水(1∶1∶8)脱色。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明依次采用有机溶剂沉淀、离子交换层析、非变性凝胶电泳方法纯化植物叶绿素酶,与现有的植物叶绿素酶纯化方法相比,纯化步骤少。将本发明纯化的酶液按所述检测方法检测,结果为单一条带,表明产物纯度高。
具体实施方式
实施例1
利用本发明的方法纯化银杏叶绿素酶,具体为:
(1)有机溶剂沉淀
将银杏叶蛋白粗提液在4℃下,边搅拌边缓慢加入丙酮,丙酮的体积百分比浓度为40%,10000rpm离心后倾去上清液,收集沉淀部分,向每1g沉淀加入含有质量体积比为0.24%的TritonX-100磷酸缓冲液(20mmol/L,pH7.0)10mL,于4℃下缓慢搅拌1h,随后10000rpm离心,收集上清液,弃去沉淀,上清液为银杏叶绿素酶液I;此步酶的回收率为20.5%。
(2)离子交换层析
将步骤(1)的酶液I上样于DEAE-Sephacel,用含14.6g/L NaCl的磷酸缓冲液(20mmol/L,pH7.0)洗脱,收集含有叶绿素酶活性的组分,加入超滤浓缩离心管中,3000rpm,4℃离心,得到浓缩液,浓缩液即为银杏叶绿素酶液II;此步酶的回收率为10.8%。
(3)非变性凝胶电泳
将步骤(2)中的酶液I I与上样缓冲液(20mmol/L、pH6.8的Tris-HCl;质量体积比为10%的甘氨酸;质量体积比为0.1%的十二烷基磺酸钠)混合加样于丙烯酰胺质量浓度为5%的浓缩胶和丙烯酰胺质量浓度为14%的分离胶上,电泳。电泳后将分离胶每0.5cm横向割成条带,分别放入磷酸缓冲液(20mmol/L,pH7.0)中37℃过夜浸出蛋白,收集合有叶绿素酶活性的组分即为纯化的银杏叶绿素酶液III,此步得到的叶绿素酶液III经质量浓度为14%的丙烯酰胺,质量体积比为1%的十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测为单一蛋白条带。
实施例2
与实施例1基本相同,其不同之处在于
使用的植物材料为菜椒;
步骤(1)中使用的有机溶剂为乙醇,体积百分比浓度为30%;
步骤(2)中的离子交换介质为DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B。
实施例3
与实施例1基本相同,其不同之处在于
使用的植物材料为豌豆叶;
步骤(3)中浓缩胶的丙烯酰胺质量浓度为6%,分离胶的丙烯酰胺质量浓度为12.5%。
Claims (3)
1.一种植物叶绿素酶的纯化方法,其特征在于,具体操作步骤如下:
(1)有机溶剂沉淀:植物蛋白粗提液,在4℃下边搅拌边缓慢加入有机溶剂,控制有机溶剂的体积比浓度为20-40%;随后10000-12000rpm离心沉淀,弃去上清液,向每1g沉淀中加入含有质量体积比浓度为0.24%TritonX-100的20mmol/L、pH7.0的磷酸缓冲液10-15mL,于4℃下缓慢搅拌1h,随后10000-12000rpm离心,弃去沉淀,上清液即为酶液I;
(2)离子交换层析:将步骤(1)得到的酶液I上样于离子交换层析柱,然后用含有0-29.3g/L NaCl的20mmol/L、pH7.0磷酸缓冲液洗脱,收集具有叶绿素酶活性的组分,加入超滤浓缩离心管中,3000rpm,4℃离心,得到的浓缩液即为酶液II;
(3)非变性凝胶电泳:将步骤(2)中得到的酶液II与含有20mmol/L、pH6.8的Tris-HCl、质量体积比为10%的甘氨酸、质量体积比为0.1%的十二烷基磺酸钠的上样缓冲液混合,加样于丙烯酰胺质量浓度为5-6%的浓缩胶及丙烯酰胺质量浓度为12-14%的分离胶上,电泳;电泳后将分离胶每0.5cm横向割成条带,分别放入20mmol/L、pH7.0磷酸缓冲液中,37℃过夜浸出蛋白,收集有叶绿素酶活性的组分即为纯化的叶绿素酶。
2.根据权利要求1所述植物叶绿素酶的纯化方法,其特征在于,有机溶剂选用丙酮、甲醇、乙醇中的任一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述植物叶绿素酶的纯化方法,其特征在于,所述离子交换介质为DEAE-Sephacel或DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B。
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Patent Citations (1)
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CN101781640A (zh) * | 2010-01-14 | 2010-07-21 | 云南万芳生物技术有限公司 | 一种以叶绿素酶作为烟草加工辅助的酶制剂及制备、使用方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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Arkus KAJ等.Development of a high-throughput purification method and a continuous assay system for chlorophyllase.《ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY》.2006,第353卷(第1期),93-98. * |
甘志军等.叶绿素酶的研究进展.《生命科学研究》.2002,第1卷(第6期),21-24. * |
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