CN102083746A - 用于处理海上天然气的装置和方法 - Google Patents
用于处理海上天然气的装置和方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102083746A CN102083746A CN2009801260126A CN200980126012A CN102083746A CN 102083746 A CN102083746 A CN 102083746A CN 2009801260126 A CN2009801260126 A CN 2009801260126A CN 200980126012 A CN200980126012 A CN 200980126012A CN 102083746 A CN102083746 A CN 102083746A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- natural gas
- materials flow
- steam
- higher hydrocarbon
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 283
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 37
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 sulphur compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013014 purified material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 16
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZEXYOGRFYDXLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K C([O-])([O-])=O.[OH-].[Cu+3] Chemical compound C([O-])([O-])=O.[OH-].[Cu+3] KZEXYOGRFYDXLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004859 Gamochaeta purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010019133 Hangover Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004176 ammonification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001833 catalytic reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical compound [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002955 immunomodulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121354 immunomodulator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002584 immunomodulator Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
- F25J1/0278—Unit being stationary, e.g. on floating barge or fixed platform
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0405—Purification by membrane separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0415—Purification by absorption in liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/042—Purification by adsorption on solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0435—Catalytic purification
- C01B2203/0445—Selective methanation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0495—Composition of the impurity the impurity being water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
- C01B2203/1058—Nickel catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1064—Platinum group metal catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1247—Higher hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1252—Cyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1258—Pre-treatment of the feed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1258—Pre-treatment of the feed
- C01B2203/1264—Catalytic pre-treatment of the feed
- C01B2203/127—Catalytic desulfurisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1288—Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1288—Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components
- C01B2203/1294—Evaporation by heat exchange with hot process stream
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
- C01B2203/146—At least two purification steps in series
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
- C01B2203/148—Details of the flowsheet involving a recycle stream to the feed of the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
描述的是用于处理海上天然气的方法,其包括通过如下步骤在海上加工设备加工所述天然气,(i)将天然气液化和分馏以产生液化天然气料流和高级烃料流,(ii)将至少一部分的所述高级烃料流气化,(iii)使气化的高级烃料流和蒸汽在蒸汽重整催化剂上通过以产生包含甲烷、蒸汽、碳氧化物和氢气的重整气体混合物,(iv)使重整气体混合物在甲烷化催化剂上通过以产生富甲烷的气体,和(v)在液化步骤之前将富甲烷的气体与天然气合并。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于处理海上天然气、特别是滨海的海上天然气的方法,例如适合用于液化天然气(LNG)生产的方法,以便提高有价值产物的储存容量,发电和减少燃烧。
背景技术
包含甲烷和高级烃类如乙烷、丙烷和丁烷的海上天然气经常采用与海底的井源相连的固定或浮动平台直接采收,或者作为产油的伴生气采收。一般可能的情况下,将采收的天然气经由管道供给陆上的气体加工设备,在那里可以进行诸如纯化之类的步骤。然而对于相当大比例的采收天然气,用管道输送至陆上设备是不可能的。在这样的情况下,期望采收并液化天然气以便海上输送至陆上设备。液化方法典型地包括将天然气冷却至非常低的温度的步骤,该温度容许乙烷、丙烷、丁烷和其它高级烃类中的至少一些与甲烷分离。液化产物具有不同的商业价值,但是在诸如裂化之类的进一步加工不可行的海上,典型地乙烷具有最低的价值,因此部分经常在液化设备中用于发电,多余部分燃烧掉。或者,可以回收多余的乙烷并随LNG一起输送至陆上设备。然而,将乙烷代替更有价值的液体输送的经济性不那么有吸引力。在不断增长的使采收烃类的利用最大化的压力加上减少在环境上不安全的燃烧的需要下,存在对改进的用于处理海上天然气的方法的需要。
最初由British Gas开发并由Davy Process Technology Ltd许可的CRG方法利用蒸汽重整、甲烷化和CO2脱除的组合以从LPG或石脑油产生合成天然气。作为选择,CRG蒸汽重整已被用作使指定去往管道供给的源自LNG的天然气的热值降低的手段。
我们已经认识到可以将CRG方法改造并且在海上使用以克服前述天然气处理方法的问题。
发明内容
因此,本发明提供用于处理海上天然气的方法,其包括通过如下步骤在海上加工设备加工所述天然气,
(i)将天然气液化和分馏以产生液化天然气料流和高级烃料流,
(ii)将至少一部分的所述高级烃料流气化,
(iii)使气化的高级烃料流和蒸汽在蒸汽重整催化剂上通过以产生包含甲烷、蒸汽、碳氧化物和氢气的重整气体混合物,
(iv)使重整气体混合物在甲烷化催化剂上通过以产生富甲烷的气体,和
(v)在液化步骤之前将富甲烷的气体与天然气合并。
本发明在于在海上气体加工设备中采用适当改造的CRG技术以克服燃烧和/或储存及输送高级烃类的问题。此外具有相对高熔点的高级烃类、特别是C5+在液化设备中的加工会是困难的,因为它们会冻结并因此在装置中造成阻塞。此外重质烃类是起泡的原因以及是酸性气体脱除单元的遗留物。减少C5+烃类克服这一问题。
本发明因此进一步提供用于处理海上天然气的装置,其包括海上天然气加工设备,该设备上安装有:
(i)包括分馏装置的天然气液化单元,其配置用于产生液化天然气料流和高级烃料流,
(ii)气化装置,其操作性地连接至所述液化单元并且配置用于将至少一部分的所述高级烃料流气化,
(iii)用于向气化的高级烃料流中添加蒸汽的装置,
(iv)操作性地连接至气化装置的重整容器,含有重整催化剂的所述重整容器经配置以使得气化的高级烃料流和蒸汽在催化剂上通过以产生包含甲烷、蒸汽、碳氧化物和氢气的重整气体混合物,
(v)操作性地连接至重整容器的甲烷化容器,含有甲烷化催化剂的所述甲烷化容器经配置以使得重整气体混合物在催化剂上通过以产生富甲烷的气体,和
(vi)混合装置,其用于将富甲烷的气体与供给天然气液化单元的天然气混合。
在第一步中,使用常规采收技术和管道设备采收天然气并提供至海上天然气加工设备。可以在海上天然气采收单元或在单独的海上加工单元中加工天然气。优选地该海上天然气加工设备为固定的海上设备或浮动的海上设备如浮动的生产、储存和卸载(FPSO)设备。
在天然气含汞的情况下,期望所述方法包括在液化和分馏步骤上游纯化天然气以除汞的步骤,以便保护经常是由铝制造的换热装置免于汞的腐蚀影响。因而,优选所述方法具有包含适合除汞的纯化材料的纯化单元,所述单元在液化步骤上游安装。合适的纯化材料是与各种聚集体形式的载体材料混合的过渡金属硫化物、特别是硫化铜。这些材料可从Johnson Matthey PLC购得,例如作为PURASPECJM TM1163。或者可以将过渡金属化合物例如羟基碳酸铜以合适的形式提供至该单元并且通过天然气中存在的硫化合物原位硫化。除汞步骤优选在100℃以下和至多约150bar abs、例如10-150bar abs的压力下操作。
在天然气含有硫化合物的情况下,期望所述方法包括在重整步骤的上游纯化天然气或高级烃料流以除去硫化合物的步骤,以便保护重整催化剂免于硫的中毒影响。所述除硫可以对液化和分馏步骤上游的天然气进行,或者可以对气化的高级烃料流进行,或者二者都进行。因而,优选地所述方法包括含有一种或多种适合脱除硫化合物的纯化材料的纯化单元,所述单元在液化装置和/或重整容器的上游安装。所述硫化合物可以包括硫化氢(H2S)、硫化羰(COS)、硫醇和噻吩中的一种或多种。在硫化合物主要是硫化氢的情况下,这可以在液化装置上游用合适的膜或采用物理洗涤溶剂如冷冻甲醇、乙二醇或碳酸亚丙酯或含水胺的酸性气体洗涤与CO2一起脱除。或者可以简单地用一个或多个诸如金属促进的、如Cu促进的ZnO/氧化铝组合物或ZnO组合物之类的硫吸收剂的床层吸收H2S。在硫化氢之外的硫化合物以高浓度存在的情况下,可能期望包括加氢脱硫的第一步,其继之以硫化氢吸收的步骤。在该实施方案中,纯化材料包括在硫化氢吸收剂床层上游设置的加氢脱硫催化剂床层。在加氢脱硫中,使天然气和少量氢气在Ni基和/或Co基催化剂上通过,该催化剂将有机硫化合物转化成硫化氢。典型的催化剂为氧化铝担载的Ni/Mo、Co/Mo、Ni/W和Co/W催化剂。上述催化剂可购得。除天然气中自然存在的任何硫化氢之外,如此生成的硫化氢可以接着由合适的硫化氢吸收剂如ZnO材料吸收。再一次地上述吸收剂材料可购得。加氢脱硫和硫化氢吸收优选在重整容器上游进行,因为接下来仅有达到重整器的有机硫化合物需要进行加氢脱硫,其顾及较小的容器、较少的氢气需求和较少的催化剂。在有机硫化合物包括硫醇的情况下,这些可能存在于乙烷、丙烷和丁烷级分中。加氢脱硫催化剂还可能有效用于氢化烯烃以及将胺类转化成氨。加氢脱硫催化剂和硫化氢吸收剂可以处于相同或不同的容器中。加氢脱硫和H2S吸收优选在150℃以上、更优选200℃以上、以及至多约50bar abs的压力下操作。加氢脱硫所需的氢气可以由储罐、单独的氢气发生装置、或者优选地通过再循环一部分重整气体混合物提供。
在一种优选实施方案中,来自甲烷化步骤的热量用于在使用加氢脱硫催化剂和/或硫化氢吸收剂的除硫步骤之前预热天然气流。因此所述装置优选包括换热装置,其传递来自甲烷化容器的热量以在将天然气或高级烃供给含加氢脱硫催化剂和/或硫化氢吸收剂的纯化单元之前将它预热。
在液化之前,可以使天然气流经历初步分离阶段,其中采用将轻质(小)的烃与重质(较大)的烃分离的膜,从而产生气态富含高级烃的料流。例如可以使用膜以5-20%的甲烷选择性由天然气生成C3+料流(参见Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.,第47卷,第7期,2008,第2109-2121页,以及其中的参考文献)。通过以这种方式部分脱除高级烃,可以减小液化单元的负担,减少冻结的C5+烃所造成的阻塞的风险,以及克服酸性气体脱除单元中的起泡问题。此外,如此分离的气态高级烃料流可以在由液化单元得到的液体高级烃料流的气化中使用。
在纯化步骤和任何初步分离阶段之后,将天然气液化并分馏以产生液化天然气料流和高级烃料流。“高级烃类”包括乙烷、丙烷、丁烷和任何C5+链烷烃、环烷烃如环己烷、以及芳烃如苯中的一种或多种。尽管重整步骤可以将所有这些高级烃转化成甲烷,可能期望的是在使剩余部分经历重整步骤之前进一步分馏高级烃料流以采收商业上更有价值的组分。因而在一种优选的方法中,液化和分馏步骤将天然气分成富甲烷料流(即液化天然气)、乙烷料流、LPG料流(含丙烷和丁烷)以及重质料流。
因而所述装置包括天然气液化单元和一座或多座分馏塔。优选处理天然气以脱除任何CO2并且干燥,之后供给至液化单元,在那里于供给至使重质烃与富甲烷料流分离的第一分馏塔之前首先将其冷却至-20到-40℃。来自塔顶的轻质级分进一步冷却并且分离冷凝的液体。因而使高级烃液化。对于来自第一座塔的轻质和重质级分可以采用一座或多座进一步的塔以获得富含甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、丁烷和其它烃的级分。以这种方式处理液化天然气料流的方法例如在US 6564579中得到描述。供给重整步骤的高级烃料流优选包含乙烷和/或一部分LPG和/或含C5+链烷烃的重质料流。含乙烷的料流是可得的,因此供给重整步骤的高级烃料流优选包含乙烷以及任选地一部分LPG和/或含C5+链烷烃的重质料流。最优选地供给重整步骤的高级烃的>50体积%、优选>75%、更优选>90%为乙烷。没有用于重整的乙烷、丙烷、丁烷和其它高级烃可以用于所述方法的发电,例如采用燃气轮机。
有待供给重整器的高级烃料流在气化器中进行气化,其有利地可以用来自甲烷化步骤的热量加热。
接着将气化的高级烃料流加压至10-50bar abs,在20bar abs以上的压力下加热至200℃以上、优选300℃以上、更优选300-520℃、最优选350-500℃,与蒸汽混合并通到含重整催化剂的重整容器中。可以通过直接注入或通过利用饱和器将蒸汽加入到气化的高级烃料流中。蒸汽也可以用于使高级烃料流气化。应当控制蒸汽比率以避免催化剂上的碳沉积,然而其中进料主要是乙烷的情况下,典型地是0.2-2.0、优选0.2-1.0。
蒸汽重整反应以绝热方式于蒸汽重整容器中在催化剂上发生,从而将高级烃料流转化成包含甲烷、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氢气和蒸汽的气体混合物。蒸汽重整催化剂优选为Ni催化剂或贵金属催化剂,或它们的组合。合适的催化剂包含与氧化铝或铝酸钙结合的10-60%NiO。在使用之前用氢气或另一种还原性气流将Ni还原成其活性形式。在合适的惰性载体上的贵金属催化剂如Pt、Pd、Rh或Ru催化剂、特别是Ru催化剂能够在比Ni催化剂更高的空速、更低的蒸汽比率和更低的温度下操作,因此在供水有限的情况下可能是有利的。贵金属装载量典型地是0.1-1.0wt%。
需要的话,一部分重整气体可以在压缩下再循环至供给重整容器的预热过的高级烃料流,从而充当稀释剂以及提供一些氢气以抑制催化剂上的碳沉积。贵金属重整催化剂的一个优点在于不需要氢气再循环至重整器以防止碳沉积。另一优点在于贵金属催化剂的情况下由于它们与Ni催化剂相比的高活性,重整设备可以更紧凑。
作为选择,由于再循环的料流含有一些氢气,如果采用加氢脱硫的话,所述料流可以提供加氢脱硫所需的一些或全部的氢气。
在重整催化剂或其它方法条件如蒸汽比率容许的情况下,或者如果不采用加氢脱硫的话,可以将所有的重整气体通到甲烷化步骤。在甲烷化步骤之前,重整气体混合物或其剩余部分优选用一个或多个换热器冷却,该换热器可以有利地用于生成在重整步骤中使用的蒸汽。接着将冷却的气体通到甲烷化步骤。
甲烷化步骤可以包括一个或多个串联的甲烷化容器、优选一个或两个容器,其各自含有甲烷化催化剂。甲烷化步骤优选在10-50bar的压力和100-400℃、优选250-350℃的温度下进行。甲烷化催化剂优选为Ni催化剂或贵金属催化剂,或它们的组合。甲烷化催化剂造成“反向重整”反应发生,其中重整气体中的一氧化碳和氢气被消耗以生成甲烷。甲烷化反应放热,理想地在每个甲烷化容器之后提供换热装置以冷却富甲烷的气体混合物。如上所述,来自甲烷化步骤的热量可以有利地用于在加氢脱硫/硫化氢吸收之前预热天然气和/或使高级烃料流气化。通过仔细控制重整步骤,例如通过控制放热曲线和/或通过使用贵金属催化剂,可以使重整气体的氢气和碳氧化物含量最小化,从而减少对甲烷化反应器的需求,以至于甲烷化反应器的尺寸可以最小化。
重整步骤生成碳氧化物,其包括无法通过甲烷化除去的二氧化碳。二氧化碳在液化温度以上冻结,因此可能期望的是包括使用CO2脱除单元在将富甲烷的气流与天然气合并之前或之后从中脱除二氧化碳的步骤。优选地将天然气与富甲烷气体混合并使该混合物通过CO2脱除单元。CO2脱除、也称为酸性气体脱除,可以用膜技术(例如基于各向异性的醋酸纤维素、聚酰亚胺或全氟聚合物膜)或已知的含水胺洗涤或物理洗涤溶剂如冷的甲醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮或乙二醇洗涤技术来实现。
此外,重整步骤使用蒸汽,蒸汽会被带入到富甲烷气体中。蒸汽会在液化装置中冷凝和冻结。此外,为了避免在气流中形成烃水合物以及为了避免可能接着造成腐蚀问题的气体在管道和方法装置中冷凝出水,从天然气中脱除水蒸汽是合意的。因此理想的是包括在将富甲烷气体与天然气合并之前或之后使用干燥单元将它干燥的步骤。优选地将天然气和富甲烷气体混合并使该混合物通过干燥单元。在包括二氧化碳脱除步骤的情况下,优选在CO2脱除单元下游进行最后的脱水步骤。可以用干燥合成气体混合物或天然气混合物的已知方法实现干燥步骤。脱水以降低天然气露点的若干方法工业上在气体加工工厂中实施。例如,可以用换热器将富甲烷气体或混合气体冷却至蒸汽露点以下,并且在一个或多个分离器中除去冷凝物。这可以在甲烷化阶段之后和任何CO2脱除阶段之前进行。作为选择或者另外地,将气体与固体干燥剂如硅胶或分子筛的床层接触,以及使用液体干燥剂化合物,可以实现干燥步骤。在后一种情况下,典型的方法包括使潮湿气流与乙二醇溶液接触以便从气流中脱除水至乙二醇溶液中。该方法被称为乙二醇脱水而且非常广泛地用于气体加工操作。在一些干燥方法中,甲醇或另一种醇可以用作乙二醇的代替物或者作为与乙二醇的混合物。为了达到液化单元的有效运行所需的非常低的水含量,优选例如含沸石的分子筛干燥器。分子筛可以通过加热周期性地再生。任何采收的水优选用于产生重整步骤的蒸汽。
因而通过将高级烃转化成与液化单元的进料合并的富甲烷气体,使否则可能燃烧或占据有价值的储存空间的乙烷和其它低价值烃类的量减少。
附图说明
参照附图进一步说明本发明,其中:
图1描绘基于FPSO气体加工单元的海上天然气处理设备一种实施方案的单元操作的布置,
图2描绘本发明方法的一种实施方案,以及
图3描绘催化重整和甲烷化方法的一种实施方案。
具体实施方式
在图1中,FPSO单元100具有在其上安装并且操作性地互相连接的除汞单元102、酸性气体脱除单元104、气体干燥单元106和液化与分馏装置108,其产生液化天然气料流110,以及任选地丙烷、丁烷和冷凝物料流,以便在储罐112中储存。FPSO进一步具有将来自液化与分馏装置108的重质烃料流116气化的气化装置114、脱硫单元118、用于向脱硫的重质烃料流中加入蒸汽120的装置、重整容器122和甲烷化容器124。来自甲烷化反应器124的产物富甲烷气流126回到除汞单元102与酸性气体脱除单元104之间的天然气进料管线。
在图2中,在低于100℃的温度和10-100bar abs、例如约10barabs的压力下使天然气进料流210通到含有粒状硫化铜基汞吸收剂214的第一纯化容器212。汞和其它重金属如砷被该吸收剂吸收。所得的气流216与富甲烷气流218混合并通过含有合适的从气流中分离CO2的膜的酸性气体脱除容器220。在一种可供替代的实施方案中,酸性气体脱除步骤采用胺洗涤单元,其通过使气体与含水胺溶液接触而除去CO2和一些H2S。在另一可供替代的实施方案中,酸性气体脱除步骤采用物理洗涤溶剂单元,其通过使气体与冷冻的甲醇、乙二醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮或碳酸亚丙酯接触而除去CO2和一些H2S。所得的贫CO2的气流222通到干燥容器224,在那里它与充当干燥剂沸石分子筛接触以脱水。干燥过的气流接着在换热器228中冷却至-20到-40℃,这导致高级烃冷凝,将料流供给至第一分馏塔230,在那里使高级烃与富甲烷料流分离。冷凝物包括重质组分如苯、环己烷、一些丙烷和丁烷和C5+链烷烃、还有一些乙烷和溶解的甲烷。来自塔230顶部的轻质级分232在换热器234中进一步冷却并且在分离器236中分离冷凝的液体。这些液体回到塔230。从分离器236分离的气体接着在换热器238中进一步冷却以形成液化天然气240。从塔230采收的高级烃料流经由管线242供给运行以采收富乙烷料流的第二分馏塔244(脱乙烷塔)。将乙烷料流246气化并送往单元248中脱硫、重整和甲烷化,该单元由来自管线249的供给蒸汽(参见图3)。所得的富甲烷气流从单元248经由管线218通到管线216。由第二分馏塔244底部采收的混合料流250送往第三塔252(脱丙烷塔),在那里采收富丙烷料流254。由第三分馏塔252底部采收的混合料流256送往第四塔258(脱丁烷塔),在那里采收富丁烷料流260和冷凝物料流262。由脱丙烷塔252和脱丁烷塔258分别获得的丙烷254、丁烷260和冷凝物262可以送往储存。需要的话,这些料流中的一部分(由虚线表示)可以送往纯化、重整和甲烷化阶段248以便产生富甲烷气体。
在一种实施方案中,在干燥器224与换热器228之间,使纯化的贫CO2的干燥天然气流通过含有使一部分高级烃与天然气分离的膜的初步分离单元226,从而形成气态高级烃料流(由虚线表示),其接着供给高级烃气化器。
在图3中,将任选地含有丙烷、丁烷和/或冷凝物的富乙烷料流310供给换热器312,在那里使它气化。所得的气流314与含有一些氢气的循环气体316混合,该混合物在200-400℃、优选250-400℃以及10-50bar abs下供给容器318,其含有在ZnO吸收剂322床层上方的Ni/Mo加氢脱硫催化剂320床层。该混合物与加氢脱硫催化剂320接触导致有机硫化合物(例如硫醇)氢化以形成硫化氢。如此形成的硫化氢接着在ZnO吸收剂322上吸收。接着将脱硫的气体324与蒸汽326在350-400℃混合,并且在200-500℃、优选300-500℃和>20bar abs下,在绝热反应器330中的Ni或贵金属蒸汽重整催化剂328的床层上通过。发生蒸汽重整反应(连同平衡的变换反应和甲烷化反应),从而形成包含甲烷、氢气、碳氧化物和蒸汽的气体混合物332。该气体混合物在换热器334中冷却至约300℃,并且经由管线336供给含Ni或贵金属甲烷化催化剂340床层的甲烷化容器338。来自管线336的冷却的气体混合物的一部分经由管线342取出,通过冷却换热器344并在压缩机346中压缩以生成循环料流316。来自甲烷化反应器338的富甲烷气流348在换热器350以及接着在312中冷却以形成供回到天然气进料(图2中的216)的富甲烷气流352。在该实施方案中,来自甲烷化反应器338的热量用于在换热器350中增加蒸汽,然后在换热器312中加热高级烃。管线326中的蒸汽用换热器350中来自甲烷化反应器的热量、接着是换热器334中来自重整器的热量生成。
为了举例,用供给重整器和甲烷化容器的不同的高级烃混合物计算下列三种情况。本发明生成的CO2的量与燃烧C2+烃生成的CO2量形成对比。
实施例1:100MMSCFD进料中5%乙烷
MMSCFD | 发明 | 燃烧C2 | |
乙烷进料 | 5 | ||
蒸汽* | 6.69 |
产生的CO2 | 1.25 | 24011te/yr | 255722te/yr |
甲烷产物 | 8.75 |
MMSCFD=百万标准立方英尺气体/天。
实施例2:100MMSCFD进料中5%乙烷、3%丙烷和1%丁烷的混合物
MMSCFD | 发明 | 燃烧C2、C3、C4 | |
乙烷进料 | 5 | ||
丙烷进料 | 3 | ||
丁烷进料 | 1 | ||
蒸汽* | 14.75 | ||
产生的CO2 | 3.5 | 67207te/yr | 441486te/yr |
甲烷产物 | 19.5 |
实施例3:600MMSCFD进料中5%乙烷、3%丙烷和1%丁烷的混合物
MMSCFD | 发明 | 燃烧C2 | |
乙烷进料 | 30 | ||
丙烷进料 | 18 | ||
丁烷进料 | 6 | ||
蒸汽* | 163 | ||
产生的CO2 | 24 | 460916te/yr | 1151940te/yr |
甲烷产物 | 126 |
*蒸汽的量基于1.3kg/kg蒸汽与烃比率。
在每一种情况下,本发明的运用与燃烧相比显著减少CO2产量。
Claims (30)
1.用于处理海上天然气的方法,其包括通过如下步骤在海上加工设备加工所述天然气,
(i)将天然气液化和分馏以产生液化天然气料流和高级烃料流,
(ii)将至少一部分的所述高级烃料流气化,
(iii)使气化的高级烃料流和蒸汽在蒸汽重整催化剂上通过以产生包含甲烷、蒸汽、碳氧化物和氢气的重整气体混合物,
(iv)使重整气体混合物在甲烷化催化剂上通过以产生富甲烷的气体,和
(v)在液化步骤之前将富甲烷的气体与天然气合并。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述海上天然气加工设备为固定的海上设备或浮动的海上设备如浮动的生产、储存和卸载(FPSO)设备。
3.权利要求1或2的方法,其包括通过使天然气经过含有适合用于除汞的纯化材料的纯化单元,在液化和分馏步骤上游纯化天然气以除汞。
4.权利要求1-3任一项的方法,其包括通过使天然气或高级烃料流经过含有适合用于脱除硫化合物的纯化材料的纯化单元,在液化步骤和/或重整步骤的上游纯化天然气或高级烃料流以除去硫化合物。
5.权利要求4的方法,其中用于脱除硫化合物的纯化步骤在液化步骤和重整步骤上游设置。
6.权利要求1-5任一项的方法,其中用膜使纯化的天然气流经历初步分离阶段以产生气态高级烃料流。
7.权利要求1-6任一项的方法,其中液化和分馏步骤将天然气分成富甲烷料流、乙烷料流、LPG料流和重质料流。
8.权利要求7的方法,其中将乙烷和/或一部分LPG和/或含C5+链烷烃的重质料流供给重整步骤。
9.权利要求7或8的方法,其中供给重整步骤的高级烃料流包含>50体积%、优选>75体积%、更优选>90体积%的乙烷。
10.权利要求1-9任一项的方法,其中用来自甲烷化步骤的热量和/或通过加入蒸汽使高级烃料流气化。
11.权利要求1-10任一项的方法,其中重整步骤在10-50bar的压力和200℃以上的温度下在Ni催化剂或贵金属催化剂或它们的组合上操作。
12.权利要求1-11任一项的方法,其包括在一个或多个换热器中在重整气体混合物与水之间交换热量以产生用于重整步骤的蒸汽。
13.权利要求1-12任一项的方法,其中甲烷化步骤在10-50bar的压力和100-400℃的温度下在Ni催化剂或贵金属催化剂或它们的组合上操作。
14.权利要求1-13任一项的方法,其包括使用CO2脱除单元在将富甲烷的气流与天然气合并之前或之后从中脱除二氧化碳。
15.权利要求1-14任一项的方法,其包括使用干燥单元在将富甲烷的气流与天然气合并之前或之后将它干燥。
16.用于处理海上天然气的装置,其包括海上天然气加工设备,该设备上安装有:
(i)包括分馏装置的天然气液化单元,其配置用于产生液化天然气料流和高级烃料流,
(ii)气化装置,其操作性地连接至所述液化单元并且配置用于将至少一部分的所述高级烃料流气化,
(iii)用于向气化的高级烃料流中添加蒸汽的装置,
(iv)操作性地连接至气化装置的重整容器,含有重整催化剂的所述重整容器经配置以使得气化的高级烃料流和蒸汽在催化剂上通过以产生包含甲烷、蒸汽、碳氧化物和氢气的重整气体混合物,
(v)操作性地连接至重整容器的甲烷化容器,含有甲烷化催化剂的所述甲烷化容器经配置以使得重整气体混合物在催化剂上通过以产生富甲烷的气体,和
(vi)混合装置,其用于将富甲烷的气体与供给天然气液化单元的天然气混合。
17.权利要求16的装置,其中所述海上天然气加工设备为固定的海上设备或浮动的海上设备如浮动的生产、储存和卸载(FPSO)设备。
18.权利要求16或17的装置,其包括含有适合用于除汞的纯化材料的纯化单元,所述单元在液化单元上游安装。
19.权利要求16-18任一项的装置,其包括含有一种或多种适合用于脱除硫化合物的纯化材料的纯化单元,所述单元在液化单元和/或重整容器上游安装。
20.权利要求16-19任一项的装置,其包括含有膜的初步分离单元,所述单元在液化单元上游操作性地连接,其使一部分高级烃与天然气分离从而生成气态高级烃料流。
21.权利要求16-20任一项的装置,其中配置液化和分馏装置用于将天然气分成富甲烷料流、乙烷料流、LPG料流和重质料流。
22.权利要求16-21任一项的装置,其中配置液化和分馏装置用于将乙烷以及任选地一部分LPG和/或含C5+链烷烃的重质料流供给重整步骤。
23.权利要求16-22任一项的装置,其中用来自甲烷化步骤的热量和/或通过加入蒸汽来加热气化器。
24.权利要求16-23任一项的装置,其中借助于直接加入或通过饱和器将蒸汽加入到气化的高级烃料流中。
25.权利要求16-24任一项的装置,其中蒸汽重整器为含有Ni催化剂或贵金属催化剂、或它们的组合的绝热蒸汽重整器。
26.权利要求16-25任一项的装置,其包括一个或多个换热器,所述换热器配置用于用水冷却重整气体混合物从而产生在重整步骤中使用的蒸汽。
27.权利要求16-26任一项的装置,其中甲烷化催化剂为Ni催化剂或贵金属催化剂、或它们的组合。
28.权利要求16-27任一项的装置,其包括CO2脱除单元,安装该单元以使得它在将富甲烷的气流与天然气合并之前或之后从中脱除二氧化碳。
29.权利要求16-28任一项的装置,其包括干燥单元,安装该单元以使得它在将富甲烷的气流与天然气合并之前或之后将其干燥。
30.权利要求1-15任一项的方法或权利要求16-29任一项的装置的用途,其用于减少海上天然气加工设备的CO2排放。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0812699.7A GB0812699D0 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2008-07-11 | Apparatus and process for treating offshore natural gas |
GB0812699.7 | 2008-07-11 | ||
PCT/GB2009/050678 WO2010004300A1 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-06-15 | Apparatus & process for treating offshore natural gas |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN102083746A true CN102083746A (zh) | 2011-06-01 |
CN102083746B CN102083746B (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
Family
ID=39722118
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2009801260126A Expired - Fee Related CN102083746B (zh) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-06-15 | 用于处理海上天然气的装置和方法 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8956428B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2303772B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5325295B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101566572B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102083746B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2009269819B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0915485A2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2303772T3 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB0812699D0 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY150434A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010004300A1 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107206304A (zh) * | 2014-11-12 | 2017-09-26 | 先进绿色创新公司 | 用于丰富天然气的精炼组件和精炼方法 |
CN109927850A (zh) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-25 | 上海惠生海洋工程有限公司 | 一种浮式的天然气制甲醇及甲醇储卸装置 |
CN111465553A (zh) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-07-28 | 日挥环球株式会社 | 浮体设备 |
CN115371359A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-22 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | 一种应用于火星表面的Sabatier装置反应气分离液化系统及方法 |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0812699D0 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2008-08-20 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Apparatus and process for treating offshore natural gas |
US8378162B2 (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2013-02-19 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for methane conversion |
AU2010222943B2 (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2012-11-08 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for methane conversion |
GB201000097D0 (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2010-12-29 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Apparatus and process for treating natural gas |
AU2011219782B2 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2015-06-04 | Statoil Petroleum As | Method for start-up of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant |
KR101157205B1 (ko) | 2010-05-06 | 2012-06-20 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 해상 유전 및 한계 가스전의 가스를 디메틸에테르로 전환하는 fpso-dme 공정 및 이를 이용한 디메틸에테르의 제조방법 |
KR101360972B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-01 | 2014-02-12 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 에프피에스오의 리포밍 장치 |
US8658705B2 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-02-25 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Carbon oxides removal |
US9199898B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2015-12-01 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process, method, and system for removing heavy metals from fluids |
US8840691B2 (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2014-09-23 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process, method, and system for removing mercury from fluids |
JP2014118001A (ja) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 浮体式石油貯蔵海洋構造物 |
US20140366577A1 (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-18 | Pioneer Energy Inc. | Systems and methods for separating alkane gases with applications to raw natural gas processing and flare gas capture |
JP2016534180A (ja) * | 2013-07-25 | 2016-11-04 | デウ シップビルディング アンド マリン エンジニアリング カンパニー リミテッド | Fpsoのgtl生産方法およびgtl生産システム |
US9605224B2 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2017-03-28 | Element 1 Corp. | Refining assemblies and refining methods for rich natural gas |
US9828561B2 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2017-11-28 | Element 1 Corp. | Refining assemblies and refining methods for rich natural gas |
CN104818065B (zh) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-03-15 | 成都高科达科技有限公司 | 一种绝热降温型甲烷化合成甲烷方法 |
FR3039080B1 (fr) * | 2015-07-23 | 2019-05-17 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Methode de purification d'un gaz riche en hydrocarbures |
KR20180123065A (ko) * | 2016-03-01 | 2018-11-14 | 오사까 가스 가부시키가이샤 | 연료 가스 공급 장치 및 연료 가스 공급 방법 |
KR101766257B1 (ko) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-08-09 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 해양생산설비의 이산화탄소 전환 시스템 및 방법 |
FR3052241A1 (fr) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-08 | L'air Liquide Sa Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procede de purification de gaz naturel et de liquefaction de dioxyde de carbone |
JP2018165322A (ja) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-25 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 輸送方法及び輸送システム |
US10870810B2 (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2020-12-22 | Proteum Energy, Llc | Method and system for converting associated gas |
EP3752453A1 (fr) * | 2018-02-16 | 2020-12-23 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procédé de production de gaz de synthèse issu d'un procédé de liquéfaction de gaz naturel |
US20210371278A1 (en) * | 2018-02-16 | 2021-12-02 | L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour I'Etude et I'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Synergies of a natural gas liquefaction process in a synthesis gas production process |
WO2019158827A1 (fr) * | 2018-02-16 | 2019-08-22 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Utilisation d'un courant gazeux issu d'un procédé de liquéfaction dans un procédé de production de gaz de synthèse |
EP3574991A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-04 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Steam reforming heated by resistance heating |
WO2021063793A1 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2021-04-08 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Offshore reforming installation or vessel |
CN110846094B (zh) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-06-15 | 浙江天禄环境科技有限公司 | 一种净化气制备lng工艺 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1453081A (en) * | 1972-10-12 | 1976-10-20 | Air Prod & Chem | Process for producing synthetic natural gas |
GB2229519A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1990-09-26 | Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd | Treatment process for gas stream |
WO1998001335A1 (en) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-01-15 | Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S | Process, plant and overall system for handling and treating a hydrocarbon gas from a petroleum deposit |
CN1611565A (zh) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-05-04 | 上海兖矿能源科技研发有限公司 | 一种用合成气生产液体燃料的工艺方法 |
CN1982418A (zh) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-06-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种由重馏分油生产清洁燃料的方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS562919A (en) * | 1979-06-22 | 1981-01-13 | Jgc Corp | Preparation of gas rich in methane |
US6743829B2 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2004-06-01 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Integrated processing of natural gas into liquid products |
US6564579B1 (en) | 2002-05-13 | 2003-05-20 | Black & Veatch Pritchard Inc. | Method for vaporizing and recovery of natural gas liquids from liquefied natural gas |
US7168265B2 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2007-01-30 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Integrated processing of natural gas into liquid products |
US6662589B1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2003-12-16 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Integrated high pressure NGL recovery in the production of liquefied natural gas |
NO329177B1 (no) | 2007-06-22 | 2010-09-06 | Kanfa Aragon As | Fremgangsmåte og system til dannelse av flytende LNG |
GB0812699D0 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2008-08-20 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Apparatus and process for treating offshore natural gas |
GB201000097D0 (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2010-12-29 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Apparatus and process for treating natural gas |
-
2008
- 2008-07-11 GB GBGB0812699.7A patent/GB0812699D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2009
- 2009-06-15 DK DK09785236.2T patent/DK2303772T3/da active
- 2009-06-15 KR KR1020117000580A patent/KR101566572B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-06-15 US US13/003,421 patent/US8956428B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-15 JP JP2011517234A patent/JP5325295B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-15 EP EP09785236A patent/EP2303772B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-06-15 BR BRPI0915485A patent/BRPI0915485A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-06-15 MY MYPI20110024 patent/MY150434A/en unknown
- 2009-06-15 CN CN2009801260126A patent/CN102083746B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-15 AU AU2009269819A patent/AU2009269819B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-06-15 WO PCT/GB2009/050678 patent/WO2010004300A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1453081A (en) * | 1972-10-12 | 1976-10-20 | Air Prod & Chem | Process for producing synthetic natural gas |
GB2229519A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1990-09-26 | Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd | Treatment process for gas stream |
WO1998001335A1 (en) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-01-15 | Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S | Process, plant and overall system for handling and treating a hydrocarbon gas from a petroleum deposit |
CN1611565A (zh) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-05-04 | 上海兖矿能源科技研发有限公司 | 一种用合成气生产液体燃料的工艺方法 |
CN1982418A (zh) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-06-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种由重馏分油生产清洁燃料的方法 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107206304A (zh) * | 2014-11-12 | 2017-09-26 | 先进绿色创新公司 | 用于丰富天然气的精炼组件和精炼方法 |
CN111465553A (zh) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-07-28 | 日挥环球株式会社 | 浮体设备 |
CN109927850A (zh) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-25 | 上海惠生海洋工程有限公司 | 一种浮式的天然气制甲醇及甲醇储卸装置 |
CN115371359A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-22 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | 一种应用于火星表面的Sabatier装置反应气分离液化系统及方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102083746B (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
EP2303772A1 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
AU2009269819A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
AU2009269819B2 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
DK2303772T3 (da) | 2012-12-03 |
WO2010004300A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
GB0812699D0 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
KR20110031455A (ko) | 2011-03-28 |
KR101566572B1 (ko) | 2015-11-05 |
EP2303772B1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
JP2011527371A (ja) | 2011-10-27 |
US8956428B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 |
JP5325295B2 (ja) | 2013-10-23 |
US20110174016A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
MY150434A (en) | 2014-01-30 |
BRPI0915485A2 (pt) | 2015-11-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102083746B (zh) | 用于处理海上天然气的装置和方法 | |
EP2521761B1 (en) | Process for treating natural gas | |
RU2670761C9 (ru) | Регулирование кислого газа в процессе производства жидкого топлива | |
CN100534581C (zh) | 对来自氢源的含氢物流中氢的控制 | |
CN101802146A (zh) | 由气化得到的含硫合成气制造富甲烷气体混合物的方法 | |
BRPI0619933A2 (pt) | processo para a produção de hidrocarbonetos a partir de gás natural | |
CN102482079A (zh) | 制备稀释氢气体混合物的方法 | |
CN102361958B (zh) | 液体烃化合物的合成方法及合成系统 | |
CN101432402A (zh) | 液体燃料合成系统 | |
WO2010087133A1 (ja) | Ft合成油の精製方法及び混合原油 | |
CN101432392B (zh) | 液体燃料合成系统 | |
JP2024513806A (ja) | 統合された水素生成及びバイオ再生可能な変換プロセス | |
CA2468004A1 (en) | Modification of a methanol plant for converting natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons | |
US20220145193A1 (en) | Process for producing diesel fuel from a biorenewable feed with recycled sulfur from temperature swing adsorption regenerant | |
WO2021046321A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for an improved carbon monoxide cold box operation | |
CN117242159A (zh) | 提高再循环气体纯度的加氢处理 | |
JOINER et al. | 2) CH₁+ 1/2 O₂> CO+ 2H₂ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130102 Termination date: 20200615 |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |