CN102011589B - Stope bottom structure suitable for underground two-step mining and production process thereof - Google Patents
Stope bottom structure suitable for underground two-step mining and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102011589B CN102011589B CN201010527065A CN201010527065A CN102011589B CN 102011589 B CN102011589 B CN 102011589B CN 201010527065 A CN201010527065 A CN 201010527065A CN 201010527065 A CN201010527065 A CN 201010527065A CN 102011589 B CN102011589 B CN 102011589B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 31
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000004859 Gamochaeta purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stope bottom structure suitable for underground two-step mining and a production process thereof. An underground stope is divided into a room stope and a pillar stope. Bottom pillars are reserved according to the bottom structure forms. Along-vein travelling roadways (4) and across-vein ore-drawing roadways (6) are utilized to handle the ores. The blasting ores (11) in the stope are blasted and fall in trenches (12). A scraper pours the ores into an ore pass (5) via a common ore-drawing drift (9) and a room ore-drawing drift (10). After tailing-cemented filling of the room of the stope, new pillar undercutting roadways (8) are driven in the bottom pillars (3) during mining the pillar stope. The trenches (12) for room mining are formed through drilling and blasting and undercutting. The goafs formed after mining and ore-drawing of pillars (2) are filled. The stope bottom structure can serve two stopes, reduce the quantities and support quantity, reduce the mining and development ratio of mining, improve the stability and save the mining cost and preparation time of two-step mining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underground mine stope polycrystalline substance and production technology, especially relate to a kind of stope polycrystalline substance and production technology thereof that is suitable for down-hole two step back production.Be applicable to trackless equipment ore removal operation when all kinds of mines utilize tailing-filled substep back production, realize sharing of stope ore removal route, reduce the engineering quantity of polycrystalline substance and adopting accurate time of two step back production stopes.
Background technology
The polycrystalline substance of nugget is the important composition key element of mining methods, and the stope polycrystalline substance all has significant impact to the techno-economic effect of mining methods and the safe coefficient of actual mining.According to statistics; The labor consumption that forms down-hole, mine stope polycrystalline substance accounts for 20～40% of the total labor consumption of ore per ton; Therefore to the actual conditions in mine, studying, design down-hole, rational mine stope polycrystalline substance, is the key content of mining methods.
At present, underground cut and fill mine polycrystalline substance according to the difference of ore removal equipment, adopts different polycrystalline substances, and stope adopts a polycrystalline substance usually, and its ore removal route separates fully, is that a shared ore removal is worn arteries and veins or along the pulse.The security implication of the polycrystalline substance when preventing two step back production carries out the ore removal route that the secondary excavation makes new advances in the obturation of being everlasting, the independent polycrystalline substance of perhaps new pick.When the vertical orebody trend of stope was arranged, this tunnel was the Chuan Mai tunnel; When stope when orebody trend is arranged, this tunnel is arranged in the ore body lower wall or goes up in the armor rock along orebody trend.Its structural shape has two kinds usually: the one, and bilateral route polycrystalline substance, the 2nd, one-sided route polycrystalline substance.
These two kinds of polycrystalline substance engineering quantitys are big, and are big to bottom ore pillar cutting ratio, influence the stability of foundation, also increase the support engineering amount.Qie Bigao is adopted in two step back production, and stope time is long, influences the stope integrated production capacity.
The polycrystalline substance of nugget is the important composition key element of mining methods, and it has determined production capacity, labor productivity, the loss of ore and the safety of dilution and ore removal work of mining methods to a great extent.It is few that ore drawing, stability, ore removal quality, engineering quantity are satisfied in the design of polycrystalline substance, considered, and structure is made every effort to simply, easy construction.
The design of polycrystalline substance should be considered its mining technology condition, excavation cost and time again according to the intensity and the bearing value of ore deposit rock and obturation.The present domestic disclosed polycrystalline substance method for designing that can be used for two stopes of not seeing, " mining technique " discloses stope structure parameter optimization method in December, 2006, and it is to adopt the platybasic type polycrystalline substance, serves single stope.This polycrystalline substance is adopted accurate than high, can not adapt to the requirement of big thick ore body, distribution back production and large-scale ore removal equipment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly to the above-mentioned defective that exists in the prior art, and a kind of stope polycrystalline substance that is suitable for down-hole two step back production is provided, and can serve two stopes; Both can serve a step rooming stope; Can be two step stooping pillaring stope services again, reduce engineering quantity and supporting amount, reduced to adopt and cut ratio; Improve the stability of polycrystalline substance, save the cost of winning and the time of two step back production.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of production technology that is suitable for the stope polycrystalline substance of down-hole two step back production.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, a kind of technical scheme that is suitable for the stope polycrystalline substance of down-hole two step back production of the present invention is:
Mineral building stope and ore pillar stope arranged alternate, foundation is left in the bottom of ore pillar, and the side of foundation is the inclined-plane, is the moat ditch between foundation; Both sides at mineral building stope and ore pillar stope are provided with haulage drift along the pulse, and mine chute vertically is arranged in the outside of haulage drift along the pulse.Be characterized in: be provided with along stope between the haulage drift along the pulse and wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel; Wear arteries and veins ore removal roadway arrangement in a side foundation of two stopes; Be furnished with the mineral building tunnel that undercuts in the mineral building bottom along wearing the arteries and veins direction, be furnished with mineral building ore removal route, shared ore removal route between the arteries and veins ore removal tunnel in proper order with wearing in the mineral building tunnel that undercuts; Shared ore removal route with wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel oblique, 45 °～55 ° of angles, between mineral building ore removal route, the shared ore removal route according to the parameter of ore removal equipment, stope is arranged that suitable corner can be arranged.The mineral building stope is connected with mineral building ore removal route through the moat ditch.
The angle of said moat ditch inclined-plane and horizontal plane, promptly moat ditch inclination angle of inclined plane is 45 °～55 °.
After step exploitation mineral building stope and filling, two step stooping pillaring stopes again.At this moment, arrange the ore pillar tunnel that undercuts in the ore pillar bottom along wearing the arteries and veins direction, new pick moat ditch utilizes the ore removal route and the ore removal tunnel of shortening to carry out the ore removal operation in the ore pillar stope.
Said position of wearing arteries and veins ore removal tunnel is not less than 5m in the stope bottom and apart from the border of moat ditch, country rock more stable and stronger, good in integrity in the 5m scope of front and back, and integrity factor is not less than 0.8.
Concrete spraying support is adopted in said each tunnel, adds anchor pole when needing and hangs the gauze wire cloth supporting.
Other relevant parameter index is following:
(1) ore removal drift interval: be 10～15m.
(2) ore removal crosscut length: long according to the scraper body, two step stooping pillaring stope route length should be not less than 10～12m.
(3) wear the arteries and veins ore removal tunnel and the shared ore removal route angle of cut: be 45 °～55 °.
(4) moat ditch inclination angle of inclined plane: adopt 45 °～55 °.
(5) moat ditch bottom width 4～6m.
The present invention also provides a kind of production technology that is suitable for the stope polycrystalline substance of down-hole two step back production, and its technical scheme is:
1) accomplishes and adopt accurate engineering accordingly according to adopting accurate engineering design: accomplish along the pulse haulage drift, mine chute, wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel, mineral building undercuts tunnel, shared ore removal route, mineral building ore removal route; According to ore deposit rock situation; Carry out roadway support, guarantee supporting quality;
2) utilize the undercut medium-length hole in tunnel of mineral building to undercut and form the moat ditch: to adopt shallow bore hole or medium-length hole blasting, cutting to form pulling end space, finally form mineral building moat ditch;
3) the quick-fried moat ditch that drops down onto of mineral building ore: adopt the quick-fried ore that falls of driling explosion, deadweight falls within the moat ditch;
4) mineral building ore shovel is transported to mine chute and unloads the ore deposit: in the ore removal route, through the quick-fried ore that falls in the underground scraper shovel dress moat ditch, pour ore into mine chute;
5) mineral building back production ore removal finishes: repeat 3), 4) operation, utilize remote-controlled scraper, solve the shipment problem in residual ore deposit, finish until the mineral building ore removal, enclosing wall intensity meets design requirement;
6) mineral building ore removal route sealing: mineral building is formed the goaf adopt the sealing barricade to seal;
7) the mineral building tailing cemented filling, reach design strength: the goaf that the consolidated fill mineral building forms, maintenance reaches design strength, guarantees that filling connects the top effect;
8) ore pillar is newly dug the ore pillar tunnel that undercuts: utilize shared ore removal route new pick ore pillar in ore pillar tunnel that undercuts;
9) ore pillar undercuts and forms ore pillar moat ditch: driling explosion, cutting form pulling end space, form ore pillar moat ditch;
10) ore pillar stope explosion ore removal: stooping pillaring, scraper with the quick-fried ore that falls through shared ore removal route, wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel, haulage drift along the pulse, pour mine chute into, residual ore deposit utilizes the remote-controlled scraper shipment;
11) the pillar recovery ore removal finishes: two step stooping pillarings finish, for filling is prepared;
12) ore pillar stope sealing filling: adopt tailings or tailing cemented filling to the mining area that forms after the pillar recovery, eliminate the goaf.
After stope polycrystalline substance and the production technology thereof that the present invention is a kind of to be suitable for down-hole two step back production adopts above technical scheme, have following effect:
(1) reduce the roadway engineering amount, avoid the secondary excavation;
(2) for increasing ore removal route drawhole stability, reduce the support engineering amount;
Nugget when (3) accelerating the second stage of stooping pillaring is prepared, and reduces mining cost, increases obturation stability;
(4) adopt the present invention; Tailing cemented filling is adopted in goaf filling behind the one step rooming stope, and obturation compressive strength is more than 3MPa, and filling connects the top rate and reaches more than 80%; Goaf filling behind the two step stooping pillaring stopes connects the top rate and reaches more than 60%;
(5) utilize remote-controlled scraper, solve the shipment problem in residual ore deposit in the moat ditch, make that the ore recovery ratio in mineral building stope, the ore pillar stope reaches more than 98%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is suitable for the figure of stope polycrystalline substance longitudinal projection of down-hole two step back production for the present invention is a kind of.
Fig. 2 is that a kind of stope polycrystalline substance level that is suitable for down-hole two step back production of the present invention is to perspective view.
Fig. 3 is a kind of technological process of production figure that is suitable for the stope polycrystalline substance of down-hole two step back production of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For further describing the present invention, a kind of stope polycrystalline substance and production technology thereof that is suitable for down-hole two step back production of the present invention described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Fig. 1 is suitable for the figure of stope polycrystalline substance longitudinal projection of down-hole two step back production for the present invention is a kind of.
Fig. 2 is that this a kind of stope polycrystalline substance level that is suitable for down-hole two step back production is to perspective view.
Reference numeral is:
The 1-mineral building; The 2-ore pillar; The 3-foundation; 4-is haulage drift along the pulse; The 5-mine chute; 6-wears arteries and veins ore removal tunnel; The 7-mineral building tunnel that undercuts; The 8-ore pillar tunnel that undercuts; The shared ore removal route of 9-; 10-mineral building ore removal route; The quick-fried ore that falls of 11-; 12-moat ditch.
Be suitable for the figure of stope polycrystalline substance longitudinal projection of down-hole two step back production and combine Fig. 2 to find out by the present invention shown in Figure 1 is a kind of:
A kind of stope polycrystalline substance that is suitable for down-hole two step back production of the present invention, the down-hole stope is divided into mineral building stope and ore pillar stope, the two arranged alternate, foundation 3 is left in the bottom of ore pillar 2, and the side of foundation 3 is the inclined-plane, and 3 on foundation is a moat ditch 12; Be provided with haulage drift 4 along the pulse in the both sides of mineral building stope and ore pillar stope, mine chute 5 vertically is arranged in the outside of haulage drift 4 along the pulse.Be provided with along stope between the haulage drift 4 along the pulse and wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel 6, wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel 6 and arrange in the side foundation 3 of two stopes.Ore handling utilizes along the pulse haulage drift 4, wears arteries and veins ore removal tunnel 6, falls ore 11 in moat ditch 12 with stope is quick-fried, pours in the mine chute 5 through scraper.Be furnished with the mineral building tunnel 7 that undercuts in mineral building 1 bottom along wearing the arteries and veins direction, be furnished with mineral building ore removal route 10, shared ore removal route 9 between the arteries and veins ore removal tunnel 6 in proper order with wearing in the mineral building tunnel 7 that undercuts; Shared ore removal route 9 with wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel 6 obliques, 45 °～55 ° of angles; Parameter, stope layout according to ore removal equipment between mineral building ore removal route 10, the shared ore removal route 9 can have suitable corner.The mineral building stope is connected with mineral building ore removal route 10 through moat ditch 12; Behind the mineral building stope tailing cemented filling, the exploitation ore pillar stope stylish pick ore pillar tunnel 8 that undercuts, undercuting forms the moat ditch 12 of mineral building back production.
Mineral building stope, ore pillar stope width 10～18m, length 30～90m, height 40～90m; Drift interval 10～15m; Moat ditch bottom width 4～6m wears arteries and veins ore removal tunnel 6 and 45 °～55 ° in shared ore removal route 9 angles of cut, moat ditch inclination angle of inclined plane: adopt 45 °～55 °.
By the technological process of production figure of a kind of stope polycrystalline substance that is suitable for down-hole two step back production of the present invention shown in Figure 3 and combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2 to find out, it is to carry out according to following technological process:
1) accomplishes and adopt accurate engineering accordingly according to adopting accurate engineering design: accomplish along the pulse haulage drift 4, mine chute 5, wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel 6, mineral building undercuts tunnel 7, shared ore removal route 9, mineral building ore removal route 10; According to ore deposit rock situation; Carry out roadway support, guarantee supporting quality.
2) utilize mineral building tunnel 7 medium-length holes that undercut to undercut and form moat ditch 12: to adopt shallow bore hole or medium-length hole blasting, cutting to form pulling end space, finally form mineral building moat ditch 12.
3) the quick-fried moat ditch 8 that drops down onto of mineral building 1 ore: adopt the quick-fried ore that falls of driling explosion, deadweight falls within moat ditch 12.
4) mineral building 1 ore shovel is transported to drop shaft 5 and unloads the ore deposit: in the ore removal route, through the quick-fried ore 11 that falls in the underground scraper shovel dress moat ditch 12, pour ore into mine chute 5.
5) mineral building 1 back production ore removal finishes: repeat 3), 4) operation, utilize remote-controlled scraper, solve the shipment problem in residual ore deposit, finish until mineral building 1 ore removal, enclosing wall intensity meets design requirement.
6) mineral building 1 ore removal route 10 sealings: adopt the sealing barricade to seal to mineral building 1 formation goaf.
7) mineral building 1 tailing cemented filling, reach design strength: the goaf that consolidated fill mineral building 1 forms, maintenance reaches design strength, guarantees that filling connects the top effect.
8) the new pick of the ore pillar 2 ore pillars tunnel 8 that undercuts: utilize shared ore removal route 9 new pick ore pillar in ore pillar 2 tunnel 8 that undercuts.
9) ore pillar 2 undercuts and forms ore pillar moat ditch 12: driling explosion, cutting form pulling end space, form ore pillar moat ditch 12.
10) ore pillar 2 stope explosion ore removals: stooping pillaring 2, scraper with the quick-fried ore 11 that falls through shared ore removal route 9, wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel 6, haulage drift 4 along the pulse, pour mine chute 5 into, residual ore deposit utilizes remote-controlled scraper to solve.
11) ore pillar 2 back production ore removals finish: two step stooping pillarings 2 finish, for filling is prepared.
12) ore pillar 2 stopes sealing filling: adopt tailings or tailing cemented filling to the mining area that forms after ore pillar 2 back production, eliminate the goaf.
Claims (5)
1. stope polycrystalline substance that is suitable for down-hole two step back production, mineral building stope and ore pillar stope arranged alternate, foundation (3) is left in the bottom of ore pillar (2), and the side of foundation (3) is the inclined-plane, is moat ditch (12) between foundation (3); Be provided with haulage drift (4) along the pulse in the both sides of mineral building stope and ore pillar stope; Mine chute (5) vertically is arranged in the outside of haulage drift along the pulse; It is characterized in that: between said haulage drift along the pulse (4), be provided with and wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel (6) along stope; Wear in the side foundation (3) of arranging two stopes in arteries and veins ore removal tunnel (6); Be furnished with the mineral building tunnel (7) that undercuts in mineral building (1) bottom along wearing the arteries and veins direction, be furnished with mineral building ore removal route (10), shared ore removal route (9) between the arteries and veins ore removal tunnel (6) in proper order with wearing in the mineral building tunnel (7) that undercuts; Shared ore removal route (9) with wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel (6) oblique, the mineral building stope is connected with mineral building ore removal route (10) through moat ditch (12); Width 10～the 18m of said mineral building stope, ore pillar stope, length 30～90m, height 40～90m, described ore removal drift interval is 10～15m; Between mineral building ore removal route (10), the shared ore removal route (9) corner is arranged, shared ore removal route (9) is 45 °～55 ° with the angle of wearing arteries and veins ore removal tunnel (6) oblique, and said moat ditch (12) inclination angle of inclined plane is 45 °～55 °.
2. a kind of stope polycrystalline substance that is suitable for down-hole two step back production as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: arrange the ore pillar tunnel (8) that undercuts in said ore pillar (2) bottom along wearing the arteries and veins direction.
3. a kind of stope polycrystalline substance that is suitable for down-hole two step back production as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described moat ditch bottom width 4～6m.
4. like claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of stope polycrystalline substances that are suitable for down-hole two step back production; It is characterized in that: said position of wearing arteries and veins ore removal tunnel (6) is not less than 5m in the stope bottom and apart from the border of moat ditch (12); Country rock more stable and stronger, good in integrity in the 5m scope of front and back, integrity factor is not less than 0.8.
5. a kind of production technology that is suitable for the stope polycrystalline substance of down-hole two step back production as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that carrying out according to following technological process:
1) accomplishes and adopt accurate engineering accordingly according to adopting accurate engineering design: accomplish along the pulse haulage drift (4), mine chute (5), wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel (6), mineral building undercuts tunnel (7), shared ore removal route (9), mineral building ore removal route (10); According to ore deposit rock situation; Carry out roadway support, guarantee supporting quality;
2) utilize mineral building tunnel (7) medium-length hole that undercuts to undercut and form moat ditch (12): to adopt shallow bore hole or medium-length hole blasting, cutting to form pulling end space, finally form mineral building moat ditch (12);
3) the quick-fried moat ditch (8) that drops down onto of mineral building (1) ore: adopt the quick-fried ore that falls of driling explosion, deadweight falls within moat ditch (12);
4) mineral building (1) ore shovel is transported to mine chute (5) and unloads the ore deposit: in the ore removal route, adorn the quick-fried ore (11) that falls in the moat ditch (12) through the underground scraper shovel, pour ore into mine chute (5);
5) mineral building (1) back production ore removal finishes: repeat 3), 4) operation, utilize remote-controlled scraper, solve the shipment problem in residual ore deposit, finish until mineral building (1) ore removal, enclosing wall intensity meets design requirement;
6) mineral building (1) ore removal route (10) sealing: mineral building (1) is formed the goaf adopt the sealing barricade to seal;
7) mineral building (1) tailing cemented filling, reach design strength: the goaf that consolidated fill mineral building (1) forms, maintenance reaches design strength, guarantees that filling connects the top effect;
8) ore pillar (2) is newly dug the ore pillar tunnel (8) that undercuts: utilize shared ore removal route (9) new pick ore pillar in ore pillar (2) tunnel (8) that undercuts;
9) ore pillar (2) undercuts and forms ore pillar moat ditch (12): driling explosion, cutting form pulling end space, form ore pillar moat ditch (12);
10) ore pillar (2) stope explosion ore removal: stooping pillaring (2), scraper with the quick-fried ore (2) that falls through shared ore removal route (9), wear arteries and veins ore removal tunnel (6), haulage drift (4) along the pulse, pour mine chute (5) into, residual ore deposit utilizes the remote-controlled scraper shipment;
11) ore pillar (2) back production ore removal finishes: two step stooping pillarings (2) finish, for filling is prepared;
12) ore pillar (2) stope sealing filling: adopt tailings or tailing cemented filling to the mining area that forms after ore pillar (2) back production, eliminate the goaf.
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| CN201010527065A CN102011589B (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2010-10-29 | Stope bottom structure suitable for underground two-step mining and production process thereof |
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| CN201010527065A CN102011589B (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2010-10-29 | Stope bottom structure suitable for underground two-step mining and production process thereof |
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| CN102011589B true CN102011589B (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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