CN101982091A - Microcapsule for embedding artificial feed - Google Patents
Microcapsule for embedding artificial feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN101982091A CN101982091A CN2010102831317A CN201010283131A CN101982091A CN 101982091 A CN101982091 A CN 101982091A CN 2010102831317 A CN2010102831317 A CN 2010102831317A CN 201010283131 A CN201010283131 A CN 201010283131A CN 101982091 A CN101982091 A CN 101982091A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microcapsule for embedding an artificial feed, which is prepared by the following steps: (1) dosing: preparing a calcium chloride solution; preparing a sodium alginate solution; preparing an artificial feed solution; and mixing the well prepared sodium alginate solution with the well prepared artificial solution; (2) emulsifying: injecting the mixed solution of the sodium alginate and the artificial feed into the calcium chloride solution by a micro-injection pump; (3) pelleting: placing particles obtained in the step 2 in a chitosan solution and shaking; (4) bleaching: suspending the colloidal particles obtained in the step 3 in the sodium alginate solution for 30min; placing the suspended colloidal particles in a sodium citrate solution for soaking for 5min; and successively placing and cleaning the soaked colloidal particles in physiological saline and distilled water; and (5) filtering: filtering the cleaned colloidal particles by a screen.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microcapsules that are used for the embedding man-made feeds.
Background technology
Insect artificial diet's research begins totally to have experienced till now centenary history (Vanderzant from artificial feeding calliphora vomitoria Calliphora vomitoria L., 1974), people have carried out extensive and deep research (Bruzzoneet al., 1990 to aspects such as the development of the screening of man-made feeds prescription, formulation, feed additive matter; Dworjanyn et al., 2007; Dimou et al., 2010; Trebicki etal., 2009).Although the screening of insect artificial diet's prescription is still key problem (the Iwai etal. of this type of research, 2009), but for the predator of pierce-suck type, man-made feeds must possess good soft durometer and water-retaining property, could better satisfy the needs (Scriber﹠amp that insect growth is grown; Slansky, 1981).The formulation of feed directly influences the trophic behaviour of insect, thereby influences the various physiological metabolism activities of insect, influences growing and breeding (Reeve et al., 2003) of insect.Bottleneck (Thompson, 1999 of restriction man-made feeds application development have been become; Fekovich﹠amp; Shapiro, 2004).Along with people to the deepening continuously of man-made feeds research, the new technology that much is applied to food and medicine and other fields all is applied to the development of feed industry successively.Therefore according to the nutritional need of insect, at the different mouthpart types of insect with get the food characteristics, the man-made feeds formulation that preparation the is fit to insect's food-taking development trend that is inevitable.
Microencapsulated technology (Microencapsulation Technology) is utilized natural or synthesized polymer material, with dispersed solids, liquid, or even gaseous matter wraps up the technology (Gharsallaoui et al., 2007) that forms the fine particle with semi permeability or sealing cyst membrane.Microcapsules technology has been successfully applied to numerous areas such as weaving, food, medicine, agricultural chemicals, food, fertilizer at present.This technology improves Stability of Substance for the be wrapped physical property (color, outward appearance, apparent density, dissolubility) of material of improvement, the aspect tools such as release of controlling material as required have great advantage (Poncelet, 2006).
East Asia minute pirate bugs Orius sauteri (Poppius), belong to Semiptera Hemiptera, Anthocoridae Anthocoridae can get various pests such as food aphid, aleyrodid, plant hopper and spider, tetranychid, it is a kind of important agricultural biological control predator (Lattin, 1999).At present, people from the development and utilization of early stage germ plasm resource, develop into field (Yu Yi etc., 1999 such as relevant rudimentary biology, ecology for the research of East Asia minute pirate bugs gradually; Guo Jianying etc., 2002; Zhuan Qianying etc., 2009).Along with its continuous intensification in the effect of biological control field, minute pirate bugs artificial extensive breeding technology in East Asia is still immature at present, also can't satisfy growing production needs existing at present research report (Wang Fanghai and Zhou Weiru, 1998 about the screening of minute pirate bugs feed; Guo Jianying etc., 2002), but utilize novel dosage form manufacturing technique, particularly microcapsules technology but to rarely have report in conjunction with the application study of East Asia minute pirate bugs man-made feeds.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, a kind of microcapsules that are used for the embedding man-made feeds are provided, it is prepared from by following steps:
(1), batching step:
The preparation calcium chloride solution; The preparation sodium alginate soln; Preparation man-made feeds solution; The sodium alginate soln for preparing is mixed mutually with deployed man-made feeds solution;
(2), emulsifying step:
Use micro-injection pump, the mixed solution of above-mentioned sodium alginate and man-made feeds is injected into calcium chloride solution;
(3), granulation step:
The particle that makes in the above-mentioned steps inserted in the chitosan solution shake, obtain calcium alginate-chitin-alginic acid calcium micelle;
(4), rinse step:
The micelle that makes in the above-mentioned steps is suspended in 30min in the sodium alginate soln;
The micelle of above-mentioned suspension is inserted sodium citrate solution soak 5min;
Above-mentioned soaked micelle is put into physiological saline to be cleaned;
Above-mentioned cleaned micelle inserted in the distilled water clean;
(5), filtration step:
Micelle after the above-mentioned cleaning is filtered by screen.
Employed calcium chloride solution concentration can be 2% in (1), batching step; The sodium alginate soln concentration of preparing is 0.15%;
In (3), granulation step, employed chitosan solution concentration is 0.2%-0.8%; The concussion time is 13min;
In (4), rinse step, employed sodium alginate soln concentration is 0.15%; Employed sodium citrate solution concentration is 0.055mol/L;
The filling ratio of Na-alginate of the present invention and shitosan is:
(1) subjective appreciation: the sodium alginate packing ratio is 2.0%, the shitosan packing ratio be 0.6% and core wall ratio be 1: 3 prescription;
(2) embedding rate: the sodium alginate packing ratio is 1.0%, and the shitosan packing ratio is 0.8%, and core wall ratio is 1: 1 a prescription;
(3) moisture content: the sodium alginate packing ratio is 2.0%, the shitosan packing ratio be 0.6% and core wall ratio be 1: 2.
The present invention is under indoor environmental condition, at aspects such as microcapsules productive rate, embedding rate and subjective appreciations shitosan in the microcapsules prescription and sodium alginate ratio and core wall such as being compared at the aspect studies, and having compared the East Asia minute pirate bugs gets behind the food microcapsule artificial feed growing and aspect and the difference of getting food Tetranychus cinnabarinus control group such as fertility, in the hope of providing the correlation theory foundation for the application study of microcapsules technology in the insect artificial diet.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a microcapsules producing device schematic diagram
Fig. 2 for the East Asia minute pirate bugs get anthropophagy worker's feed microcapsules and Tetranychus cinnabarinus go through each age the phase relatively schematic diagram (have on the cylindricality among the figure " * " there were significant differences between handling in expression, down with)
The preoviposition period that Fig. 3 getting behind anthropophagy worker's feed microcapsules and the Tetranychus cinnabarinus for the East Asia minute pirate bugs and the comparison schematic diagram of the duration of laying eggs
Fig. 4 gets behind anthropophagy worker's feed microcapsules and the Tetranychus cinnabarinus metabolic rate and breathes the comparison schematic diagram of moisture in the soil for the East Asia minute pirate bugs
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and table 1, table 2, table 3, table 4, table 5, table 6, table 7, table 8, the present invention is described further.
Make embodiment
(1), the preparation of East Asia minute pirate bugs man-made feeds: see Fig. 1
Make the East Asia minute pirate bugs man-made feeds that are applicable to microcapsule formulations of the mass ratio of following raw material according to preparation method of the present invention:
Egg yolk: tussah chrysalis homogenate: sucrose: the honey choline: rape pollen equals 0-50: 30-50: 8-10: 5-15: 0-20: 0-10;
Its preparation method is:
During with sucrose 20 grams is example, and concrete preparation steps is as follows: get each component raw material by above-mentioned mass ratio, put into 300ml distilled water successively, use the glass bar stirring and dissolving.The back is settled in the 500ml volumetric flask with distilled water.The man-made feeds stoste for preparing is as core, need be stored in 10 ℃ of refrigerators to prepare used in order to the man-made feeds microcapsules.
(2), the preparation of microcapsule formulations:
The calcium chloride solution 1 of preparation 2%; 1%-2.5% ratio sodium alginate soln is mixed with deployed man-made feeds in the above-mentioned steps respectively, be mixed with sodium alginate man-made feeds mixed solution 2; Be injected into calcium chloride solution with micro-injection pump 3 again and form calcium alginate man-made feeds particle, then the man-made feeds particle is inserted and shake 13min with magnetic stirring apparatus 4 in the chitosan solution of 0.2%-0.8% ratio and obtain calcium alginate-chitin-alginic acid calcium micelle after the time; The micelle of preparation is suspended in 0.15% the sodium alginate soln, inserts the 0.055mol/L sodium citrate solution then and soak; Through packing behind cleaning in the physiological saline, distilled water cleaning, the screen filtration step.
The positive pole of voltage-stabilized power supply 5 is connected micro-injection pump 3 dispensing ends as anode, and negative pole connects the minus plate 6 that is provided with in the calcium chloride solution, to improve the making quality of microcapsules.
The filling ratio of the Na-alginate of this microcapsule formulations and shitosan is:
(1) subjective appreciation: the sodium alginate packing ratio is 2.0%, the shitosan packing ratio be 0.6% and core wall ratio be 1: 3 prescription;
(2) embedding rate: the sodium alginate packing ratio is 1.0%, and the shitosan packing ratio is 0.8%, and core wall ratio is 1: 1 a prescription;
(3) moisture content: the sodium alginate packing ratio is 2.0%, the shitosan packing ratio be 0.6% and core wall ratio be 1: 2.
Compliance test result embodiment
1, man-made feeds microcapsules prescription is to the influence of goods proterties
Productive rate: each prescription is handled gained microcapsules productive rate all more than 60%, wherein handles 4 productive rate above 80%.Different microcapsules formula combination have appreciable impact to the productive rate of microcapsule artificial feed, and each formula factors is followed successively by the productive rate influence degree: core wall ratio＞sodium alginate packing ratio＞shitosan packing ratio.With the microcapsules productive rate is under the situation of standard, and best microcapsules prescription is: the sodium alginate packing ratio is 1.0%, the shitosan packing ratio is 0.6%, core wall ratio is 1: 3, in the demonstration test of optimum formula, obtains 87.7% productive rate.
Embedding rate:
Similar to productive rate, different microcapsules prescriptions are handled the embedding rate of gained man-made feeds microcapsules all more than 60%.Wherein handling 4 embedding rate reaches more than 80%.Embedding rate is influenced significantly by the microcapsules formula combination, is that influence degree when participating in evaluation and electing standard is successively: shitosan packing ratio＞sodium alginate packing ratio＞core wall ratio with microcapsule embedded rate; When being standard with the embedding rate, best microcapsules prescription is: the sodium alginate packing ratio is 1.0%, the shitosan packing ratio is 0.8%, core wall ratio is 1: 1, and in this prescription demonstration test, microcapsule artificial feed embedding rate is 85.3%.
Moisture content:
Higher moisture content is the important quality evaluation index of man-made feeds.Result of the test shows, the water content in nearly all processing is all more than 5.0%, and high-moisture percentage is near 8.0%.Be followed successively by for the intensity that influences of each formula factors of examination: sodium alginate packing ratio＞shitosan packing ratio＞core wall ratio moisture content, and core wall comparison microcapsules moisture content does not make significant difference, promptly be set to when the microcapsules prescription: the sodium alginate packing ratio is 2.0%, the shitosan packing ratio be 0.6% and core wall ratio be 1: 2, this moment, gained man-made feeds microcapsules moisture content the highest (table 7) can reach 9.5%.
Subjective appreciation:
Respectively handle gained microcapsules subjective appreciation score mostly more than 60 minutes for examination.The intensity of the influence of each factor is followed successively by: sodium alginate packing ratio＞shitosan packing ratio＞core wall ratio; Be that the sodium alginate packing ratio is 2.0%, the shitosan packing ratio be 0.6% and core wall ratio be 1: 3 o'clock, gained man-made feeds microcapsules subjective appreciation score is the highest, is 87 minutes.
2, preferred man-made feeds microcapsules to the East Asia minute pirate bugs grow, the influence of fertility and physiological function thereof
See accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3, accompanying drawing 4 and table 1, table 2, table 3, table 4, table 5, table 6, table 7, table 8
According to aforementioned man-made feeds microcapsules formula test result, comprehensive embedding rate, moisture content and subjective appreciation index are that benchmark is set preferred best man-made feeds microcapsules prescription with the embedding rate, producer's microcapsules worker feed East Asia minute pirate bugs of feeding.
(1) microcapsule artificial feed influence that the East Asia minute pirate bugs is grown
Test is carried out under indoor conditions, is contrast with the Tetranychus cinnabarinus, the East Asia minute pirate bugs get food for the examination feed after 1,2 age nymphal development go through the phase and significantly be longer than and get the food Tetranychus cinnabarinus and handle (t
1=11.309, P
1, (2-tailed)＜0.001; t
2=3.429, P
2, (2-tailed)=0.003); And 3,4 and 5 age nymph go through the phase and contrast does not have difference (t
3=1.735, P
3, (2-tailed)=0.100; t
4=0.664, P
4, (2-tailed)=0.516; t
5=0.476, P
5, (2-tailed)=0.640); After getting food microcapsule artificial feed, the female adult life-span of East Asia minute pirate bugs (15d) significantly is shorter than gets the processing of food Tetranychus cinnabarinus (t=11.309, P
(2-tailed)=0.004); The adult eclosion rate does not have significant difference (t=0.481, P between two processing
(2-tailed)=0.637), is respectively 80.8 ± 1.3% and 79.8 ± 1.6%.
(2) the microcapsule artificial feed is to the influence of East Asia minute pirate bugs fertility
The East Asia minute pirate bugs the preoviposition period between two kinds of processing, do not have significant difference (t=1.403, a P
(2-tailed)=0.177), all more than 3d; But the female adult that the microcapsule artificial feed is handled, its duration of laying eggs significantly is lower than gets the processing of food Tetranychus cinnabarinus (t=-6.120, P
(2-tailed)＜0.001) latter lay eggs the duration near 8d (7.98 ± 0.17d), be to get (6.38 ± 0.20d) 1.25 times of food microcapsule artificial feed; After the East Asia minute pirate bugs was got anthropophagy worker's feed microcapsules, its egg laying amount only was the latter's 80.3% (t=-5.889, P significantly less than contrast
(2-tailed)＜0.001) but the incubation rate of ovum at the two no significant difference (t=11.309, P
(2-tailed)=0.655).
(3) the microcapsule artificial feed is to the influence of East Asia minute pirate bugs physiological function
Influence to the female adult respiratory rate of East Asia minute pirate bugs:
Utilizing respirometer to measure the East Asia minute pirate bugs respectively gets the metabolic rate behind anthropophagy worker's feed microcapsules and the Tetranychus cinnabarinus and breathes moisture in the soil.The result shows: after the East Asia minute pirate bugs was got food microcapsule artificial feed, its metabolic rate was significantly handled (t=4.861, P greater than getting the food Tetranychus cinnabarinus
(2-tailed)＜0.001), is 1.2 times of the latter; The variation tendency of breathing moisture in the soil then in contrast.The breathing moisture in the soil that the microcapsule artificial feed is handled is significantly less than the contrast (t=-3.639, the P that get the food Tetranychus cinnabarinus
(2-tailed)＜0.001), is respectively 0.0134 ± 0.0031 and 0.0189 ± 0.0012.
Influence to the female adult locomitivity of East Asia minute pirate bugs
The behavior Tracing instrument of utilization has been measured the locomitivity of East Asia minute pirate bugs, and the result shows: DIFFERENT FEED is handled the influence of overall average creep speed remarkable (t=-3.639, the P to the East Asia minute pirate bugs
(2-tailed)＜0.001), the processing of microcapsule artificial feed is to get 1.3 times that eat Tetranychus cinnabarinus; After the East Asia minute pirate bugs was got food microcapsule artificial feed, the average creep speed in 1～5min is significantly higher than got food Tetranychus cinnabarinus processing (t
1=6.711, P
1, (2-tailed)＜0.001; t
2=10.863, P
2, (2-tailed)=0.003; t
3=10.863, P
3, (2-tailed)＜0.001; t
4=11.886, P
4,
(2-tailed)＜0.001; t
5=15.256, P
5, (2-tailed)＜0.001), and its difference degree prolong in time gradually and to increase.Correlation analysis is the result show: during the microcapsule artificial feed was handled, minute pirate bugs average creep speed in East Asia closed (r with the duration microfacies of creeping
Person=-0.236, P
(2-tailed)=0.098); And it is got when eating Tetranychus cinnabarinus, the average creep speed and the duration lower correlation (r that creeps
Person=-0.334, P
(2-tailed)=0.018).
Attached: chart
Table 1. microcapsules formula factors coding schedule
* is a volume ratio herein.
Table 2. microcapsules prescription Orthogonal Experiment and Design
Table 3. man-made feeds microcapsules sensory evaluation scores table
Table 4. microcapsule artificial feed characteristic index orthogonal experiments
* each value is mean value ± standard error in the table.The?value?in?the?table?is?the?Mean±SE.
Table 5. microcapsule artificial feed orthogonal test goods proterties The results of analysis of variance
* listed factor A in showing, the content of B and C representative is as shown in table 2, and following table is together.
6. microcapsule artificial feed orthogonal test goods proterties range analysis result
Table 7. East Asia minute pirate bugs is got behind anthropophagy worker's feed microcapsules and the Tetranychus cinnabarinus egg laying amount and incubation rate relatively
Each value is mean value ± standard error in the table.Heel " * " is illustrated in significant difference under the p=0.05 level.The?values
The mean motion speed ratio was than * after table 8. East Asia minute pirate bugs was got anthropophagy worker's feed microcapsules and Tetranychus cinnabarinus
* data unit is mm/s in the table.
* ACP is the abbreviation of average creep speed.
Claims (4)
1. microcapsules that are used for the embedding man-made feeds, it is prepared from by following steps:
(1), batching step:
The preparation calcium chloride solution; The preparation sodium alginate soln; Preparation man-made feeds solution; The sodium alginate soln for preparing is mixed mutually with deployed man-made feeds solution;
(2), emulsifying step:
Use micro-injection pump, the mixed solution of above-mentioned sodium alginate and man-made feeds is injected into calcium chloride solution;
(3), granulation step:
The particle that makes in the above-mentioned steps inserted in the chitosan solution shake, obtain calcium alginate-chitin-alginic acid calcium micelle;
(4), rinse step:
The micelle that makes in the above-mentioned steps is suspended in 30min in the sodium alginate soln;
The micelle of above-mentioned suspension is inserted sodium citrate solution soak 5min;
Above-mentioned soaked micelle is put into physiological saline to be cleaned;
Above-mentioned cleaned micelle inserted in the distilled water clean;
(5), filtration step:
Micelle after the above-mentioned cleaning is filtered by screen.
2. a kind of microcapsules that are used for the embedding man-made feeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that employed calcium chloride solution concentration can be 2% in (1), batching step; The sodium alginate soln concentration of preparing is 0.15%.
3. a kind of microcapsules that are used for the embedding man-made feeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in (3), granulation step, employed chitosan solution concentration is 0.2%-0.8%; The concussion time is 13min.
4. a kind of microcapsules that are used for the embedding man-made feeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in (4), rinse step, employed sodium alginate soln concentration is 0.15%; Employed sodium citrate solution concentration is 0.055mol/L.
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| CN112205399B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-03-04 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Construction method of electrically-driven controlled-release and migrating gel-based pesticide system, constructed pesticide system and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110302 |