CN101974709B - Super-soft aluminum alloy conductor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Super-soft aluminum alloy conductor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a super-soft aluminum alloy conductor and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum alloy conductor comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 0.3 to 1.5 percent of Fe, 0.001 to 0.3 percent of Be, 0.005 to 0.6 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 1.5 percent of rare earth, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total inevitable impurities, and the balance of aluminum. The aluminum alloy is drawn into an aluminum alloy wire by melting, continuous casting and continuous rolling, and the aluminum alloy wire is put into an annealing furnace and annealed for 20 to 40 hours at the temperature of between 380 and 420 DEG C to form the aluminum alloy conductor, wherein the annealing is performed in a sealed heat insulation device under the protection of nitrogen. The aluminum alloy has extremely good toughness and elongation performance, the coefficient of elongation reaches or exceeds 35 percent and even can reach 40 percent, and the electric conductivity can reach 60 percent IACS.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the nonferrous materials field, particularly special soft aluminium alloy conductor and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
According to association of China Non-Ferrous Metals Industry statistics,, account for 5% of world's gross reserves by about 3,000 ten thousand tons of the reserves of COPPER IN CHINA resource in 2009.China is one and uses copper big country, about 6,000,000 tons of annual copper consumption, and wherein the electric wire copper consumption accounts for 65% of national copper consumption, accounts for ratio greatly, if do not rely on import, the copper resource of China can use for 5 years at most.The supply of China's internal copper concentrate is less than 30%, and the ratio above 70% needs dependence on import.
Because copper material has excellent electric conductivity and mechanical performance, it is the first-selection of electric wire and cable conductor material, the development of advancing by leaps and bounds along with Chinese wires and cables industry, become the rich and influential family of copper resource consumption, in the past few decades, because a large amount of exploitations of copper ore resource, the copper ore resource of China is on the verge of scarcity.
There is abundant bauxite resource in China, about 2,700,000,000 tons of China's Aluminum ore resources reserves, than copper ore resource to enrich many, because the defective of technology, it is not very big that aluminium is used for the shared ratio of electric wire as conductor, that particularly uses aspect insulated wire cores is less, increasingly mature along with technology, the mankind became effective in aluminium alloy conductor material aspect developing day, begin to break through traditional limitation, nowadays obtained very big breakthrough, particularly the aluminium alloy electric power cable application of 600V～35kV electric pressure in the power cable field, also promote gradually and come, begin to obtain approval.
But the power cable of 600V～35kV electric pressure also just accounts for an electric wire total amount part seldom, electric wire for other electric pressure and occasion, still can't satisfy a large amount of demands, as below the 600V and each electric appliances, establish siding etc., still be the very big field of electric wire consumption.But also there is the imperfect shortcoming of ductility, pliability, electrical property and connection stability in existing aluminium alloy electric power cable, how to break through these technical bottlenecks, is the technical barrier of the required solution of present electric wire.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides special soft aluminium alloy conductor and preparation method thereof, and this conductor has fabulous extension performance, flexility, possesses electrical property and connection stability preferably simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: special soft aluminium alloy conductor, by weight percentage, the Fe of consisting of of this aluminium alloy conductor material: 0.3～1.5wt%, 0.001 the Be of～0.3wt%, 0.005 the Cu of～0.6wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～1.5wt%, content≤0.08wt% of Si, total content≤the 0.15wt% of unavoidable impurities, all the other are aluminium.
By weight percentage, be preferably the Fe that contains 0.3～0.8wt% in this aluminium alloy conductor material.
By weight percentage, more preferably contain the Cu of 0.005～0.4wt% and the rare earth of 0.1～0.8wt% in this aluminium alloy conductor material.
By weight percentage, the Cu in this aluminium alloy conductor material is by at least a element substitution among Mg, Co, Ni, Mo, the Sb.
By weight percentage, the content of this aluminium alloy conductor material C u is preferably: the Cu that contains 0.005～0.3wt%.
By weight percentage, the Cu in this aluminium alloy conductor material is by at least a element substitution among B, Ca, Ti, Cu, Zn, Ge, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ag, the Sn.
At least comprise a kind of among Ce or the La in the described rare earth.
When the rare earth of the Cu that contains 0.005～0.4wt% in this aluminium alloy conductor material and 0.1～0.8wt%, described rare earth comprises a kind of among Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Er, the Yb at least.
The preparation method of the soft aluminium alloy conductor of described spy, step is:
The first step is at 730～820 ℃, by filling a prescription each raw material, add in the shaft furnace and carry out melting, after stirring, through refining, slagging-off, degasification, 740～770 ℃ leave standstill the insulation 30min after, do stokehold sample analysis, adjustment,, in casting machine, carry out cast bar to guarantee each constituent content within allowed band, cast bar is imported milling train, the temperature that imports milling train is 500～550 ℃, and deriving temperature is 350～420 ℃, is heated in the course of hot rolling;
Second step, after the aluminium alloy rod lopping, put into the holding furnace or the stay-warm case of sealing, aluminium alloy rod is natural cooling therein, takes out behind the 24h;
The 3rd step, the aluminium alloy rod cold drawing becomes the aluminium alloy monofilament, the aluminium alloy monofilament is put into and is carried out annealing in process under the annealing furnace oxygen free condition, annealing temperature is 380～420 ℃, temperature retention time 20～60h after annealing time reaches requirement, stops heating, conductor is natural cooling in stove, takes out from stove behind the 24h.
Annealing temperature retention time in the 3rd step is preferably 20～40h.
Described aluminium ingot is selected the raw material of aluminium purity greater than 99.7wt%, and other alloying element is selected the metal of purity greater than 99.7wt%, or selection aluminum metal intermediate alloy can as raw material.
The alloying element that adds among the present invention has following technique effect:
Add a certain amount of Fe among the present invention, Fe is modal a kind of element in the aluminium ingot, generally speaking, the content of Fe is very low, can not surpass 0.25wt%, and is less to the performance change effect of aluminium, effect is not clearly, and when the content of Fe surpassed 0.3wt%, part Fe was with Al
3The form of Fe is separated out, and in the continuous casting and rolling process, slowly cooling, reduce the solid solution of Fe in aluminium, play the effect of good increase tensile strength and yield limit, particularly pass through The high temperature anneal, insufficient strength when Fe can well play and change fine aluminium and have high annealing, elongation are big inadequately, the defective of plasticity difference, the intensity and the plasticity of aluminium alloy are significantly improved, thereby make the elongation of aluminium alloy meet or exceed 35%, and because the solid solution of Fe in aluminium be less, thereby conductance meets or exceeds 60%, has better conductance.When content surpasses 1.5wt%,, can cause elongation and conductance to reduce though intensity has risen.
When the Be of 0.001～0.3wt% adds the acieral melt, cause that the surface upward forms one deck protectiveness oxidation plating film.This film can reduce scum silica frost, improves alloy output and purity.Because Be has the height affinity to oxygen and nitrogen, so it is efficiently when melt outgases.It is better that this just can obtain surface smoothness, the higher and improved purer premium casting of ductility of intensity.Add Be in the alloy and can make the Fe intermetallic crystal of fragility be transformed into little equiaxed crystal by big needle-like shape and stratiform shape, this has just improved the intensity and the ductility of alloy, and can allow that higher Fe content is arranged in the aluminium alloy.Be can also improve the flowability of aluminium alloy, the flowability of melt is increased, and can improve tensile strength of alloys and yield limit.
Add the Cu of 0.005wt% at least, the tensile strength and the yield strength of raising aluminium alloy that can be suitable, but the content of Cu should not surpass 0.6wt% in the alloy, otherwise can cause the elongation of alloy not reach 35%, and can cause the conductance of alloy to reduce.
Add an amount of Mg in the alloy, can improve the intensity and the heat resistance of alloy, and improve the recrystallization temperature of alloy.When casting, Be also helps to reduce metal and sand mold reacts, and prevents the magnesium preferential oxidation, because the BeO film has better controlled to Mg content.The protection that does not have Be to provide; then oxygen is easily highly reacted because of Mg; a large amount of Mg losses may occur, magnesium oxide does not form the protective layer that prevents or reduce Mg loss continuously separately, thereby can cause the loss of Mg when the unprotect heating that changes with temperature retention time.
Co has the similar character of Fe, its solid solubility in aluminium is less relatively, thereby it is little to the influence of the conductivity of aluminium to add a certain amount of cobalt, and the obvious refinement Al-Fe alloy structure of the adding of cobalt, make thick institutional framework become short and small lath-shaped tissue, can obviously play increases tensile strength and yield limit, and don't can worsen the effect of elongation, thereby realizes good drawing effect.
An amount of Ni adds in the alloy, and except the minority solid solution was in aluminum substrate, most of and Al, Cu formed Al
7Cu
4The disperse of Ni intermetallic compound is distributed in crystal boundary, plays dispersion-strengthened action.And Ni and Fe, Al have formed intermetallic compound Al
9FeNi, this presents the worm shape mutually and is distributed in crystal boundary, greatly reduces Fe and form the mutually caused adverse effect of needle-like in alloy.
Adding Mo can crystal grain thinning and improve the recrystallization temperature of alloy, at Al-Fe is to add Mo in the alloy can improve tensile strength and creep resistance, a certain amount of Mo can also strengthen crystal boundary, make alloy at room temperature with high temperature under yield strength be improved significantly, but when the content of Mo surpasses 0.4wt%, the ductility of alloy is reduced, and influence electric conductivity.
Al-Fe-Cu alloy graining temperature range is wide, and the segregation tendency is big, and low-melting nascent rich aluminium α phase dendrite is owing to light specific gravity floats during slow cooling, and dystectic rich iron, copper liquid then deposit to the foundry goods bottom and final set.Solidify latter stage, dendrite forms network, and remaining liquid phase flows into dendrite with the feeding solidification shrinkage owing to rising by wetting crystal face, thereby contracts sky, shrinkage defect bottom occurring, and influences the plasticity of alloy.After antimony, Sb add, can form stable multi-element compounds with metallic elements such as the aluminium in the alloy, copper, as Al
5Sb
4Fe etc., the density of these compounds is close with alloy liquid, when alloy graining, they are at first separated out, and form network frame, are suspended in the alloy liquid, come-up to rich aluminium phase plays inhibition with whereabouts mutually such as rich iron, copper, thereby suppressed the gravity segregation and even the lower surface shrink defects of alloy, made alloy have superplasticity, helped the stretching of alloy.
B add aluminium base in, can crystal grain thinning, forms tiny disperse precipitated phase, have a large amount of this disperse phase owing in the alloy, growing up of crystal grain also hindered, thereby can significantly improve recrystallization temperature, prolongs crystallization again incubation period, reduces crystallization rate again.Significantly improve the intensity and the extension property of alloy, and make alloy have better fatigue resistance.
Ca adds in the alloy, can suppress crystallization again, improves recrystallization temperature, prolongs crystallization time again, improves thermal endurance.
Add an amount of Ti in the alloy, Ti at high temperature has the effect that suppresses casting flaw and crystallization refinement, helps improving tensile property, improves tensile strength and extensibility.When surpassing 0.3wt%, can significantly reduce Ti content the electric conductivity of alloy.
Add Zn in the alloy and can improve the intensity of alloy, and can improve the plasticity of alloy, strengthen the yield strength of alloy, improve the tensile property under the alloy normal temperature.
Add the Ge of trace in the alloy, Ge can improve the mobile performance of alloy, improves the castability of alloy greatly, has the similar chemical characteristic with Al, can improve the intensity and the toughness of alloy, makes alloy obtain tensile property preferably.
Sr adds in the alloy, can prevent because the cast bar cracking that the high temperature casting causes, obtains the cast bar tissue of refinement, easy fracture not when backguy.
The Zr of trace can significantly suppress crystallization again, improves the recrystallization temperature of alloy, improves intensity, fracture toughness and the decay resistance of alloy.
Nb has the Mo similar performance, and adding Nb can crystal grain thinning and improve the recrystallization temperature of alloy, is to add tensile strength and the creep resistance that Mo can improve in the alloy at Al-Fe.
The Ag of trace adds in the alloy, and Ag separates out from aluminium base by The high temperature anneal by form the purpose that a kind of precipitation strength reaches reinforced alloys mutually in aluminium base, plays the effect of dispersion-strengtherning.
The Sn of trace can suppress the gravity segregation of metal phases such as Fe, Cu, reduces the formation of sedimentary facies, avoids the skewness of metal phase, makes alloy have plasticity preferably.
Rare earth element is the common name of 17 kinds of extremely similar metallic elements of one group of chemical property, is a kind of as lively as a cricket metallic element.If the rare earth phase does not appear in negligible amounts, thereby action effect is not obvious, add excessive cost height and may produce negative effect.The present invention adds the rare earth of the weight percentage of 0.1-1.5%, and rare earth mainly comprises elements such as Ce, La, experimental results show that this rare earth element can play the removal of impurities effect, particularly reduces the content of silicon.Element such as Ce, La all can form cocrystallizing type compound such as α Al-compound with aluminium, and eutectic temperature is greatly between 635-640 ℃, and they impel looks and can separate out in a large number under little degree of subcooling, refinement primary crystal.On the other hand, Ce, La etc. can both make aluminium liquid surface tension reduce, thereby destroys the phase balance, impels primary crystal to expand fast, and refinement crystal.Thereby improve the intensity of aluminium alloy and improve extension property.Because rare earth element can form the dense oxidation film structure, play fabulous effect for the oxidizability and the electrochemical corrosion resistant that improve alloy.
In the present invention, rare earth element is bigger than aluminium with the affinity of elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, silicon, manganese, vanadium, chromium, easily forms multiple compound.Thereby rare earth is a kind of very good micro-low melting point impurity of degasification, denitrogenation, slag making, neutralization, the cleanser of change impurity state in the aluminium alloy.Can play good refining effect, make aluminium alloy become purer, thereby conductance is greatly improved.
The effect that rare earth Sc at high temperature casts and can play crystal grain thinning, prevent casting flaw can reduce the phenomenon that wire drawing is broken thus, and the heat treatment by suitable makes Al
3Sc separates out on matrix, makes the worked structure stabilisation, makes alloy have better heat-resisting and tensile property.
Rare Earth Y, Er, Yb have similar performance, add a spot ofly to play the effect that does not reduce or reduce conductance less, and improve thermal endurance, improve recrystallization temperature.
Rare earth Pr, Nd can form compounds with metals such as Al, Fe, Cu, from aluminium base, separate out, refinement the crystalline structure of alloying element, play dispersion-strengthened action, and optimized tensile property, and Pr, Nd can improve the recrystallization temperature of alloy, thereby improve the thermal endurance of alloy.
The present invention is at 730～820 ℃ of Fe with 0.3～1.5wt%, 0.005 the Be of～0.3wt%, the Cu of 0.005～0.6wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～1.5wt%, all the other are aluminium, add in the shaft furnace and carry out melting, after stirring, through refining, slagging-off, degasification, 740～770 ℃, behind the static insulation 30min, do stokehold sample analysis, adjustment, to guarantee that constituent content is within allowed band.In casting machine, carry out cast bar.Cast bar is imported milling train, and the temperature that imports milling train is 500～550 ℃, and deriving temperature is 350～420 ℃.Heated in the course of hot rolling.
Alloying component is selected the Fe of 0.3～0.8wt%, the Be of 0.005～0.3wt%, and the Cu of 0.005～0.6wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～1.5wt%, all the other are aluminium.Rare earth element is at least by a kind of composition the among Ce and the La.And by melting, continuous casting and rolling, drawing, annealing heat treatment, the conductance of alloy can surpass 60%IACS, and elongation reaches 35%.
Alloying component is selected the Fe of 0.3～0.8wt%, the Be of 0.005～0.3wt%, and the Cu of 0.005～0.4wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～0.8wt%, all the other are aluminium.Cu can be by other element substitution, can freely select at least a among Mg, Co, Ni, Mo, the Sb.Rare earth element is at least by a kind of composition the among Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Er, the Yb.And by melting, continuous casting and rolling, drawing, annealing heat treatment, the conductance of alloy can reach 61%IACS, and elongation surpasses 35%.
Alloying component is selected the Fe of 0.3～0.8wt%, the Be of 0.005～0.3wt%, and the Cu of 0.005～0.3wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～0.8wt%, all the other are aluminium.Cu can be by other element substitution, can freely select at least a among B, Ca, Ti, Zn, Ge, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ag, the Sn.Rare earth element is at least by a kind of composition the among Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Er, the Yb.And by melting, continuous casting and rolling, drawing, annealing heat treatment, the conductance of alloy can reach 61%IACS, and elongation surpasses 35%, even reaches 40%.
After the aluminium alloy rod lopping, put into the holding furnace or the stay-warm case of sealing, aluminium alloy rod is natural cooling therein, behind the 24h from wherein taking out.Handling like this is in order to prevent too fast cooling, to cause the solid solubility of alloying element in aluminium excessive, having influence on the electrical property and the tensile property of alloy.
The aluminium alloy rod cold drawing becomes the aluminium alloy monofilament, and the aluminium alloy monofilament is put into annealing furnace and carried out annealing in process, and the annealing temperature temperature is 380～420 ℃, temperature retention time 20～60h.Annealing device is the annealing furnace of band sealing device, and annealing furnace should be full of nitrogen and makes and be oxygen-free environment in annealing process, after annealing time reaches requirement, stops heating, and conductor natural cooling in stove takes out from stove behind the 24h.Pass through The high temperature anneal, it is the internal stress defective that produces in rolling and the pulling process in order to eliminate, avoid influence to electrical property and tensile property, by all right further refinement crystal structure of annealing in process, reduce solid solution, softening texture makes aluminium alloy obtain fabulous extension performance, thereby is satisfied with the requirement of special occasions to flexible conductor.Will add nitrogen protection in the annealing overall process, be under the high temperature aluminium and alloying element to be caused oxidation in order to prevent, avoids having influence on the electrical property and the mechanical performance of aluminium alloy.
Embodiment
Special soft aluminium alloy conductor, by weight percentage, the Fe of consisting of of this aluminium alloy conductor material: 0.3～1.5wt%, 0.001 the Be of～0.3wt%, 0.005 the Cu of～0.6wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～1.5wt%, content≤0.08wt% of Si, total content≤the 0.15wt% of unavoidable impurities, all the other are aluminium.Rare earth element is at least by a kind of composition the among Ce and the La.
In order to realize better technique effect, by weight percentage, preferably contain the Fe of 0.3～0.8wt% in this aluminium alloy conductor material.
In order further to optimize performance, realize better technique effect, the composition of this aluminium alloy conductor material and percentage composition are: the Fe of 0.3～0.8wt%, 0.005 the Be of～0.3wt%, 0.005 the Cu of～0.4wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～0.8wt%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.Cu can select by other element substitution, can freely select at least a among Mg, Cu, Co, Ni, Mo, the Sb.Rare earth element is at least by a kind of composition the among Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Er, the Yb.
In order to make technique effect reach best, the composition of this aluminium alloy conductor material and percentage composition are: the Fe of 0.3～0.8wt%, and the Be of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Cu of 0.005～0.3wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～0.8wt%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.Cu can select by other element substitution, can freely select at least a among B, Ca, Ti, Cu, Zn, Ge, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ag, the Sn.Rare earth element is at least by a kind of composition the among Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Er, the Yb.
Prepare the method for above-mentioned special soft aluminium alloy conductor, step is:
The first step is at 730～820 ℃, by filling a prescription each raw material, add in the shaft furnace and carry out melting, after stirring, through refining, slagging-off, degasification, 740～770 ℃ leave standstill the insulation 30min after, do stokehold sample analysis, adjustment,, in casting machine, carry out cast bar to guarantee each constituent content within allowed band, cast bar is imported milling train, the temperature that imports milling train is 500～550 ℃, and deriving temperature is 350～420 ℃, is heated in the course of hot rolling;
Second step, after the aluminium alloy rod lopping, put into the holding furnace or the stay-warm case of sealing, aluminium alloy rod is natural cooling therein, takes out behind the 24h;
The 3rd step, the aluminium alloy rod cold drawing becomes the aluminium alloy monofilament, the aluminium alloy monofilament is put into and is carried out annealing in process under the annealing furnace oxygen free condition, annealing temperature is 380～420 ℃, temperature retention time 20～60h after annealing time reaches requirement, stops heating, conductor is natural cooling in stove, takes out from stove behind the 24h.
Annealing temperature retention time in the 3rd step is preferably 20～40h.
Embodiment 1
1) at 730～820 ℃ of Fe, the Be of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Cu of 0.005～0.6wt% with 0.3～1.5wt%, 0.1 the rare earth of～1.5wt%, rare earth element is by at least a composition the among Ce and the La, and all the other are aluminium, adds in the shaft furnace to carry out melting, after stirring, through refining, slagging-off, degasification, 740～770 ℃, behind the static insulation 30min, do stokehold sample analysis, adjustment, to guarantee that constituent content is within allowed band.In casting machine, carry out cast bar.Cast bar is imported milling train, and the temperature that imports milling train is 500～550 ℃, and deriving temperature is 350～420 ℃.Heated in the course of hot rolling.
2) after the aluminium alloy rod lopping, put into the holding furnace or the stay-warm case of sealing, pole is natural cooling therein, behind the 24h from wherein taking out.
3) the aluminium alloy rod cold drawing becomes the aluminium alloy monofilament of 2.5mm, and the aluminium alloy monofilament is put into annealing furnace and carried out annealing in process, and the annealing temperature temperature is 380～420 ℃, temperature retention time 20～60h.
4) the solid aluminum alloy conductor to 2.5mm extrudes the thick XLPE insulation of one deck 0.7mm.
Table 1
Evaluation test
According to the described test method of ASTM B577, elongation to be tested, test speed is 10mm/min; According to the described test method of ASTM B193, conductance is tested; The bending property test is according to the test method of GB/T 12706.1 described " partial discharge tests after the bend test ".
Evaluation criterion
Conductance
Utilize bridge measurement conductor conductance, the conductor conductance meet or exceed 60%IASC be considered as qualified.
Tensile property
Utilize tensile testing machine that the tensile strength and the elongation at break of conductor are tested, elongation at break meets or exceeds 35%, and it is qualified then to be considered as.
Bend test
4 times of bending radius, the partial discharge test after the bend test do not puncture be considered as qualified.
For table 1 embodiment 1～3, alloy comprises the Fe of 0.3～0.8wt%, the Be of 0.001～0.3wt%, and the Cu of 0.005～0.4wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～1.5wt%, Zhi Bei aluminium alloy conductor conductance and elongation can both be higher thus.Comprise the Fe of 0.3～0.8wt% for embodiment 7～8 alloys, the Be of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Cu of 0.4～0.6wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～1.5wt%, Zhi Bei aluminium alloy conductor still has conductance and elongation preferably thus.The content of Fe is controlled at 0.3～0.8wt%, and the content of Cu is controlled at 0.005～0.4wt%, and it is best that electrical property and extension property reach.For embodiment 4～6, alloy comprises the Fe of 0.8～1.5wt%, and the influence that the Be of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Cu of 0.005～0.4wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～1.5wt%, electrical property and elongation are increased by composition begins on a declining curve.
Compare with Comparative Examples 9, the electrician generally is controlled at below the 0.2wt% with Fe in the aluminium conductor, other individual elements are controlled at 0.1wt%, all be considered as impurity, by the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT identical with embodiment, though can obtain higher conductance, because the fine aluminium composition is single, thereby by after the identical PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, elongation is lower.In the Comparative Examples 10, the content of Fe exceeds 1.5wt%, make the elongation of aluminium alloy begin to reduce, and conductance is affected too.In the Comparative Examples 11, the content of Cu is higher than 0.6wt%, and the elongation of alloy and conductance all reduce accordingly.In the Comparative Examples 12, annealing temperature is lower than 380 ℃, and the time is lower than 20h, and the elongation that obtains alloy material is lower than 35%.In the Comparative Examples 13,, make the solid solubility of alloy part element in aluminium base strengthen, have influence on the tensile property and the electrical property of alloy owing to directly cool off in the air.
Embodiment 2
1) at 730～820 ℃ of Fe with 0.3～0.8wt%, the Be of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Cu of 0.005～0.4wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～0.8wt%, the Cu of 0.005～0.6wt%, all the other are aluminium.Cu wherein can select by other element substitution, can freely select at least a among Mg, Cu, Co, Ni, Mo, the Sb.Rare earth element is at least by a kind of composition the among Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Er, the Yb.Add in the shaft furnace and carry out melting, after stirring,, 740～770 ℃, behind the static insulation 30min, do stokehold sample analysis, adjustment, to guarantee that constituent content is within allowed band through refining, slagging-off, degasification.In casting machine, carry out cast bar.Cast bar is imported milling train, and the temperature that imports milling train is 500～550 ℃, and deriving temperature is 350～420 ℃.Heated in the course of hot rolling.
2) after the aluminium alloy rod lopping, put into the holding furnace or the stay-warm case of sealing, pole is natural cooling therein, behind the 24h from wherein taking out.
3) the aluminium alloy rod cold drawing becomes the aluminium alloy monofilament of 2.5mm, and the aluminium alloy monofilament is put into annealing furnace and carried out annealing in process, and the annealing temperature temperature is 380～420 ℃, temperature retention time 20～60h.
4) the solid aluminum alloy conductor to 3.0mm extrudes the thick XLPE insulation of one deck 0.7mm.
All within the scope of the invention, every performance index of sample all can reach technique effect of the present invention for the composition of embodiment 14～25, manufacturing process, cold treatment and annealing in process in the table 2.The composition of Comparative Examples 26～36 or annealing in process are outside the scope of the invention in the table 3, and the partial properties index of sample can't reach technique effect of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
1) at 730～820 ℃ of Fe with 0.3～0.8wt%, the Be of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Cu of 0.005～0.4wt%, the rare earth of 0.1～0.8wt%, all the other are aluminium.Cu can select by other element substitution, can freely select at least a among B, Ca, Ti, Cu, Zn, Ge, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ag, the Sn.Rare earth element is at least by a kind of composition the among Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Er, the Yb.Add in the shaft furnace and carry out melting, after stirring,, 740～770 ℃, behind the static insulation 30min, do stokehold sample analysis, adjustment, to guarantee that constituent content is within allowed band through refining, slagging-off, degasification.In casting machine, carry out cast bar.Cast bar is imported milling train, and the temperature that imports milling train is 500～550 ℃, and deriving temperature is 350～420 ℃.Heated in the course of hot rolling.
2) after the aluminium alloy rod lopping, put into the holding furnace or the stay-warm case of sealing, pole is natural cooling therein, behind the 24h from wherein taking out.
3) the aluminium alloy rod cold drawing becomes the aluminium alloy monofilament of 2.5mm, and the aluminium alloy monofilament is put into annealing furnace and carried out annealing in process, and the annealing temperature temperature is 380～420 ℃, temperature retention time 20～60h.
4) the solid aluminum alloy conductor to 3.0mm extrudes the thick XLPE insulation of one deck 0.7mm.
All within the scope of the invention, every performance index of sample all can reach technique effect of the present invention for the composition of embodiment 37～48, manufacturing process, cold treatment and annealing in process in the table 4.The composition of Comparative Examples 49～60 or annealing in process are outside the scope of the invention in the table 5, and the partial properties index of sample can't reach technique effect of the present invention.
Because the not detailed all situations of present embodiment; for a person skilled in the art; under the enlightenment of the present invention's design; you can be from disclosed content associated some distortion that go out of this patent; or the substituting of known technology commonly used in the prior art, as long as this patent is done substantive should and then the realization all belonging within protection scope of the present invention of identical functions and effect.
Claims (10)
1. special soft aluminium alloy conductor, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, the Fe of consisting of of this aluminium alloy conductor material: 0.3～1.5wt%, the Be of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Cu of 0.005～0.6wt%, 0.1 the rare earth of～1.5wt%, content≤0.08wt% of Si, the total content≤0.15wt% of unavoidable impurities, all the other are aluminium.
2. the soft aluminium alloy conductor of spy as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, by weight percentage, contains the Fe of 0.3～0.8wt% in this aluminium alloy conductor material.
3. the soft aluminium alloy conductor of spy as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, by weight percentage, contains the Cu of 0.005～0.4wt% and the rare earth of 0.1～0.8wt% in this aluminium alloy conductor material.
4. the soft aluminium alloy conductor of spy as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, by weight percentage, the Cu in this aluminium alloy conductor material is by at least a element substitution among Ni, Mo, the Sb.
5. the soft aluminium alloy conductor of spy as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that by weight percentage, this aluminium alloy conductor material contains the Cu of 0.005～0.3wt%.
6. the soft aluminium alloy conductor of spy as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, by weight percentage, the Cu in this aluminium alloy conductor material is by at least a element substitution among B, Ca, Ti, Zn, Ge, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ag, the Sn.
7. the soft aluminium alloy conductor of spy as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises a kind of among Ce or the La in the described rare earth at least.
8. the soft aluminium alloy conductor of spy as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described rare earth comprises a kind of among Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Er, the Yb at least.
9. prepare the method for the soft aluminium alloy conductor of the arbitrary described spy of claim 1～8, it is characterized in that step is:
The first step is at 730～820 ℃, by filling a prescription each raw material, add in the shaft furnace and carry out melting, after stirring, through refining, slagging-off, degasification, 740～770 ℃ leave standstill the insulation 30min after, do stokehold sample analysis, adjustment,, in casting machine, carry out cast bar to guarantee each constituent content within allowed band, cast bar is imported milling train, the temperature that imports milling train is 500～550 ℃, and deriving temperature is 350～420 ℃, is heated in the course of hot rolling;
Second step, after the aluminium alloy rod lopping, put into the holding furnace or the stay-warm case of sealing, aluminium alloy rod is natural cooling therein, takes out behind the 24h;
The 3rd step, the aluminium alloy rod cold drawing becomes the aluminium alloy monofilament, the aluminium alloy monofilament is put into and is carried out annealing in process under the annealing furnace oxygen free condition, annealing temperature is 380～420 ℃, temperature retention time 20～60h after annealing time reaches requirement, stops heating, conductor is natural cooling in stove, takes out from stove behind the 24h.
10. the method for the special soft aluminium alloy conductor of preparation as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, the annealing temperature retention time in the 3rd step is 20～40h.
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