CN105420556B - Extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor - Google Patents
Extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105420556B CN105420556B CN201510809562.5A CN201510809562A CN105420556B CN 105420556 B CN105420556 B CN 105420556B CN 201510809562 A CN201510809562 A CN 201510809562A CN 105420556 B CN105420556 B CN 105420556B
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 72
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DJPURDPSZFLWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidyneborane Chemical group [Al]#B DJPURDPSZFLWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 allumen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/02—Single bars, rods, wires, or strips
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Present invention offer extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor, the extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor, in percentage by weight, including consisting of composition：Mg is that 0.4~0.7%, Si is that 0.35~0.65%, Cu is that 0.2~0.4%, Fe is 0.1~0.3%, Zn is that 0.05~0.15%, B is that 0.3~0.6%, Zr is that 0.01~0.1%, Y is 0.05~0.25%, Ce is 0.04~0.2%, other impurities constituent content≤0.1%, and remaining is Al；The preparation method of the extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor includes：Feedstock treating, melting, alloying, borax treatment, refining, casting, solution heat treatment, rolling, drawing and Ageing Treatment.The tensile strength of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor of the present invention reaches 269.27MPa, and conductance can reach 63%IACS, and by the trial running of heating 2 hours at 300 DEG C, intensity survival rate is more than 93%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminium alloy conductor manufacturing technology field, and in particular to extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor.
Background technology
In recent years, under the excitation of Chinese national economy high speed development, various regions economy is continuously increased to the demand of electric power, is made
Obtaining China's power grid construction has unprecedented development, and transmission line of electricity develops to high-pressure trend, long distance ionization and high capacity direction.
At present, China town and country power on transmission line of electricity used in heat-resisting wire, typically by common heat-resisting aluminium alloy single line and common
Zinc-plated copper wire is stranded to be formed.The longtime running temperature of this ordinary heat-resisting conductor be less than 150 DEG C, conductance 60%IACS with
Under, line loss is big, such as wants to use in extra high voltage line, it is necessary to which newly-increased transmission line of electricity or increase wire cross-section area, these measures are all
Investment can be increased, with high costs, steel tower is transformed in addition and expands stringing can all take substantial amounts of land resource.It is used as reinforcing element
Common zinc-coated wire, after preheating linear expansion coefficient increase, conveying capacitance increase after, conductor temperature rise, sag increase, shadow
Ring the safe operation of circuit.Want on the premise of improving the tensile strength of aluminum conductor and ensureing qualified conductance, to obtain preferably
The alloy species and processing technology of addition certainly will be had higher requirement by heat resistance.Therefore how to obtain mechanical property, it is heat-resisting
The more excellent matching of performance and electric conductivity is the main contents of the area research.
Through retrieval, Publication No. 101740157A Chinese invention patent, the invention provides " a kind of aluminium alloy conductor and
The weight percent composition of each composition is in its manufacture method ", aluminium alloy conductor：Aluminium 99.2%~99.6%；Zirconium 0.03%~
0.5%；Yttrium 0.01%~0.1%；Other 0.2%~0.3%.The aluminium alloy conductor by aluminium ingot melt after add micro zirconium and
Yttrium is smelted into aluminum alloy melt together, then is fabricated by through steps such as casting and crystallization, rolling, wire drawings.The invention is by strictly controlling
The impurity content of aluminium ingot processed and the content of alloying addition element, preparing ground aluminium alloy conductor has high conductivity and heat resistance,
Performance requirement of the industry to aluminium alloy conductor is met, the shortcoming of the inventive technique is：Add boron alloy and aluminium alloy conductor
In zirconium react, reduce the heat resistance of alloy.Publication No. 102758107B Chinese invention patent, the invention provides
The weight percent composition of each composition is in " Heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof ", aluminium alloy conductor：Zirconium Zr
For 0.15~0.60%, lanthanum La is 0.03~0.30%, and cerium Ce is 0.03~0.30%, and yttrium Y is 0.01~0.30%, and iron Fe is
0.05~0.20%, silicon Si are 0.01~0.10%, other impurities constituent content≤0.10%, and remaining is aluminium.The aluminium alloy is led
Line be will prepare raw material be put into smelting furnace, the degasification melting that heats up, slag making, slagging-off, continuous casting and rolling into heat-resisting aluminium alloy pole stock,
Heat treatment, wire drawing machine are drawn into.The aluminium alloy conductor that the invention is provided is compared with existing heat resistant aluminum alloy wire, and its performance has
Certain raising, but its tensile strength is still than relatively low.
The content of the invention
There is provided extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor in order to solve deficiency of the prior art by the present invention.The aluminium alloy conductor
Tensile strength reaches 269.27MPa, and conductance can reach 63%IACS, and by the trial running of heating 2 hours at 300 DEG C,
Intensity survival rate is more than 93%.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention use technical scheme for：
Extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor, is made up of the element of following percentage by weight：Mg is that 0.4~0.7%, Si is 0.35
~0.65%, Cu are that 0.2~0.4%, Fe is that 0.1~0.3%, Zn is that 0.05~0.15%, B is that 0.3~0.6%, Zr is
0.01~0.1%, Y are that 0.05~0.25%, Ce is 0.04~0.2%, other impurities constituent content≤0.1%, and remaining is Al.
It is preferred that, the wire is made up of the element of following weight percents：Mg be 0.4~0.6%, Si be 0.35~
0.55%, Cu are that 0.2~0.3%, Fe is that 0.1~0.2%, Zn is that 0.07~0.10%, B is that 0.4~0.5%, Zr is 0.02
~0.07%, Y are that 0.10~0.18%, Ce is 0.06~0.15%, other impurities constituent content≤0.1%, and remaining is Al.
Present invention provides the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor, comprise the following steps：
(1) Feedstock treating：Purity ＞ 99.5% aluminium ingot is chosen, above-mentioned raw materials are weighed by proportioning, raw material is put into 150~
25~35min of dehumidifying in 250 DEG C of thermostatic drying chamber；
(2) melting：Step (1) described aluminium ingot is placed in smelting furnace, aluminium ingot is fused into aluminium liquid, is warming up to 750~770
DEG C, aluminium liquid is transferred in holding furnace by chute；
(3) alloying：Other raw materials in addition to boron are added in aluminium liquid, aluminium alloy is made；
(4) borax treatment：The temperature of aluminium alloy is raised to 740~750 DEG C, is stood, 15~20min is incubated, boron is added and closes
Gold, is incubated 15~20min, carries out borax treatment；
(5) refine：Step (4) aluminium alloy is flowed into chute, using argon gas 3~5min of degasification, then aluminium alloy is flowed back to stove
It is interior, 740~750 DEG C of 8~12min of insulation, stirring, and the aluminium alloy is filtered by filter；
(6) cast：The aluminium alloy for filtering step (5) enters continuous casting line, casts aluminium alloy cast bar；
(7) solution heat treatment：Step (6) described cast bar is heated to 500~650 DEG C, 0.5~2h, quenching is incubated；
(8) roll：The cast bar is incubated 30~40min at 450~500 DEG C, the hot rolling on milling train is entered to roll temperature and is
420~480 DEG C, it is 0.4~0.5m/s to roll speed, and Aluminum alloy pole material is produced into by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line；
(9) draw：Aluminum alloy pole material is heat-treated, heat treatment temperature is 380~500 DEG C, and the machine of pulling is put into afterwards,
It is drawn into required diameter；
(10) Ageing Treatment：Aging temp is 150~200 DEG C, and aging time is 1~11h.
It is preferred that, in step (3) Zr, Y, Fe, Zn and Ce element be respectively with zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, ferroaluminium,
The form of allumen and Ce-Al alloy is added.
It is preferred that, first by ferroaluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, allumen, monocrystalline in step (3)
Silicon and magnesium ingot are added in aluminium liquid, are incubated 15~20min, are cooled to 690~710 DEG C, add albronze, and insulation 15~
20min, stirs 2~5min.
It is preferred that, step (4) described boron alloy is aluminum-boron alloy.
It is preferred that, step (5) described mixing time is 30~55s, and the porosity of the filter is 75~95ppi.
It is preferred that, the temperature that step (6) described aluminium alloy enters continuous casting line is 750~790 DEG C, and cool speed after casting
Rate is 30~50 DEG C/s.
It is preferred that, step (7) described quenching medium is water.
It is preferred that, drawing speed is 3.5~4.5m/min in step (9) described pulling process.
The alloying element of the present invention is illustrated below：
Mg and Si elements can form β " hardening constituents in alloy after ageing strengthening is handled, with aging temp rise or when
Between extension, β " can mutually develop into thick balance phase Mg2Si, although the electrical conductivity of alloy has declined, but can substantially carry
The tensile strength and yield strength of high wire, make wire show excellent mechanical property.
Cu addition can improve the ag(e)ing process of alloy, while the heat resistance of material is improved, a small amount of Cu (<0.5%)
Addition do not interfere with the electric conductivity of aluminium alloy, can be with objectionable impurities elements Cr, Ti, Zr, V in aluminium alloy melt etc.
React, them is changed into precipitation state by solid solution thereof and be sunken to melt bottom, so as to reduce conductor due to solid solution
With the interatomic mutual collision effect of distorted lattice in distortion of lattice caused by atom, reduction electronic transmission process, alloy is improved
Electrical conductivity.
Ce can reduce the quantity of solute atoms in alloy lattice, so as to improve the conductive capability of alloy.
Zn can improve the wearability of alloy, preferably protect wire, improve the service life of alloy.
Zr can improve the recrystallization temperature of alloy, creep-resistant property, while can also crystal grain thinning, suppression recrystallization and crystalline substance
Grain length is big, so as to improve the heat resistance of alloy.
Y and B can be with the impurity element in melt, and such as Cr, Mn, Mo, Ti, which are combined, generates dystectic compound, with
Remove to improve the electric conductivity of alloy in filter process afterwards.
The preparation process to the present invention makees specific explanations below：
Feedstock treating：Aluminium ingot purity can directly influence the electrical conductivity of wire, and the general purity from aluminium ingot is more than
99.5%；
Alloying：Different alloy elements is added in aluminium liquid to ensure the intensity, electric conductivity and heat resistance of product
Energy；
Borax treatment：It is possible to prevente effectively from boron reacts with zirconium, grain refining effect is served, so as to improve the resistance to of alloy
It is hot；
Refining：Aluminium liquid from chute pass through, into casting ladle before filtered to remove debris, for elimination casting process in it is common
Defect (shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity, cold shut and cracking etc.)；
Solution heat treatment：Can be by the thick Mg formed in casting process2The precipitated phases such as Si are dissolved in matrix, subsequent
Heat treatment process forms tiny precipitated phase, is uniformly distributed in matrix, so as to obtain the performances such as higher electrical conductivity, intensity；
Rolling：By rolling the shape, size and performance of metal can be made to change；
Draw：Rolled aluminium alloy wire rod passes through drawing mould, and sectional area reduces, length increase, so as to obtain required size
Wire fabrication process；
Ageing Treatment：The isothermal holding under the conditions of higher than room temperature (150~200 DEG C), promotes the atoms permeatings, shape such as Mg, Si
The second phase being distributed into fine uniform can improve the tensile strength of alloy, while the electric conductivity of alloy can also be improved.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, aluminium alloy conductor provided by the present invention has high intensity, high conductivity and high-fire resistance simultaneously, runs line loss
Energy consumption is low, and its tensile strength reaches 269.27MPa, and conductance can reach 63%IACS, and after being heated 2 hours at 300 DEG C
The intensity survival rate of single line is more than 93%, hence it is evident that reduce line loss energy consumption, is conducive to energy-saving and emission-reduction, and can be long-term at 200 DEG C
Operation, current-carrying capacity is significantly improved, and is effectively increased wire ability to transmit electricity.
When the 2nd, carrying out electric network reconstruction using wire produced by the present invention, it is not required to increase shaft tower intensity and height, is not required to transformation
Infrastructure, can be greatly lowered track remodelling cost.
3rd, in the manufacturing process of wire of the present invention, first ferroaluminium is added to add albronze during Alloying Treatment, it is to avoid
First add the volatilization that albronze causes copper；Borax treatment, it is to avoid boron reacts with zirconium, serves grain refining effect, from
And improve the heat resistance of alloy；
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention, technical scheme is clearly and completely described, shown
So, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The wire is made up of the element of following weight percents：Mg is that 0.4%, Si is that 0.35%, Cu is that 0.2%, Fe is
0.1%, Zn are that 0.07%, B is that 0.4%, Zr is that 0.02%, Y is that 0.10%, Ce is 0.06%, other impurities constituent content≤
0.1%, remaining is Al.
The preparation method of the wire, comprises the following steps：
(1) Feedstock treating：All raw materials are weighed according to said ratio, are placed in thermostatic drying chamber dehumidifying at 150 DEG C
25min, wherein aluminium ingot purity ＞ 99.5%；
(2) melting：Aluminium ingot is placed in smelting furnace and is fused into aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid 750 DEG C are warming up to, and aluminium liquid is passed through stream
Groove is transferred in holding furnace；
(3) alloying：By load weighted ferroaluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, allumen, monocrystalline
Silicon and magnesium ingot are added in aluminium liquid, are incubated 15min, are cooled to 690 DEG C, add albronze, are incubated 15min, stir 2min,
Wherein ferroaluminium and albronze can not be put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, first ferroaluminium is added in aluminium liquid, if first added
The volatilization of copper can be caused when entering albronze；
(4) borax treatment：The temperature of aluminium alloy is raised to 740 DEG C, is stood, 15min is incubated, aluminum-boron alloy, insulation is added
15min, carries out borax treatment；
(5) refine：Aluminium alloy is flowed into chute, using argon gas degasification 3min, aluminium alloy is returned in stove, 740 DEG C of insulations
8min, stirs 30s, and aluminium alloy is filtered by porosity for 75ppi filter；
(6) cast：The aluminium alloy for getting well filtering enters continuous casting line, casts aluminium alloy cast bar；
(7) solution heat treatment：Aluminium alloy cast bar is heated to 500 DEG C, 0.5h is incubated, is put into cold water and carries out at quenching
Reason；
(8) roll：Cast bar is placed at 450 DEG C and is incubated 30min, the hot rolling on milling train enters to roll temperature for 420 DEG C, rolls speed
For 0.4m/s, Ф=10mm Aluminum alloy pole material is produced into by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line；
(9) draw：Aluminum alloy pole material is heat-treated, heat treatment temperature is 380 DEG C, and the machine of pulling is put into afterwards, with
3.5m/min speed is drawn into Ф=4mm aluminium bar；
(10) Ageing Treatment：Aluminium bar is subjected to artificial aging processing, aging temp is 150 DEG C, and aging time is 11h；Twist
Synthesizing high strength high conductivity and heat heat resistance aluminium alloy conductor.
Its tensile strength is 189.35MPa after tested, and conductance is 61.58%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C of heating are 2 hours strong
It is 93% to spend survival rate.
Embodiment 2
The wire is made up of the element of following weight percents：Mg is that 0.5%, Si is that 0.45%, Cu is that 0.25%, Fe is
0.15%, Zn are that 0.09%, B is that 0.45%, Zr is that 0.06%, Y is that 0.14%, Ce is 0.11%, other impurities constituent content
≤ 0.1%, remaining is Al.
The preparation method of the wire, comprises the following steps：
(1) Feedstock treating：All raw materials are weighed according to said ratio, are placed in thermostatic drying chamber dehumidifying at 200 DEG C
30min, wherein aluminium ingot purity ＞ 99.5%；
(2) melting：Aluminium ingot is placed in smelting furnace and is fused into aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid 755 DEG C are warming up to, and aluminium liquid is passed through stream
Groove is transferred in holding furnace；
(3) alloying：By load weighted ferroaluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, allumen, monocrystalline
Silicon and magnesium ingot are added in aluminium liquid, are incubated 17min, are cooled to 700 DEG C, add albronze, are incubated 16min, stir 5min,
Wherein ferroaluminium and albronze can not be put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, first ferroaluminium is added in aluminium liquid, if first added
The volatilization of copper can be caused when entering albronze；
(4) borax treatment：The temperature of aluminium alloy is raised to 745 DEG C, is stood, 17min is incubated, aluminum-boron alloy, insulation is added
17min, carries out borax treatment；
(5) refine：Aluminium alloy is flowed into chute, using argon gas degasification 4min, aluminium alloy is returned in stove, 745 DEG C of insulations
10min, stirs 40s, and aluminium alloy is filtered by porosity for 85ppi filter；
(6) cast：The aluminium alloy for getting well filtering enters continuous casting line, casts aluminium alloy cast bar；
(7) solution heat treatment：Cast bar is heated to 550 DEG C, 1h is incubated, is put into cold water and carries out Quenching Treatment；
(8) roll：Cast bar is placed at 470 DEG C and is incubated 35min, the hot rolling on milling train enters to roll temperature for 420~480 DEG C,
It is 0.4~0.5m/s to roll speed, and Ф=10mm Aluminum alloy pole material is produced into by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line；
(9) draw：Aluminum alloy pole material is heat-treated, heat treatment temperature is 450 DEG C, and the machine of pulling is put into afterwards, with
4.0m/min speed is drawn into Ф=4mm aluminium bar；
(10) Ageing Treatment：Aluminium bar is subjected to artificial aging processing, aging temp is 170 DEG C, and aging time is 5h；It is stranded
Into Heat-resistant aluminum alloy.
Its tensile strength is 269.27MPa after tested, and conductance is 63%IACS, and 2 hours intensity of short-term 300 DEG C of heating is residual
It is 96.5% to deposit rate.
Embodiment 3
The wire is made up of the element of following weight percents：Mg is that 0.6%, Si is that 0.55%, Cu is that 0.3%, Fe is
0.2%, Zn are that 0.10%, B is that 0.5%, Zr is that 0.07%, Y is that 0.18%, Ce is 0.15%, other impurities constituent content≤
0.1%, remaining is Al.
The preparation method of the wire, comprises the following steps：
(1) Feedstock treating：All raw materials are weighed according to said ratio, are placed in thermostatic drying chamber dehumidifying at 250 DEG C
35min, wherein aluminium ingot purity ＞ 99.5%；
(2) melting：Aluminium ingot is placed in smelting furnace and is fused into aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid 770 DEG C are warming up to, and aluminium liquid is passed through stream
Groove is transferred in holding furnace；
(3) alloying：By load weighted ferroaluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, allumen, monocrystalline
Silicon and magnesium ingot are added in aluminium liquid, are incubated 20min, are cooled to 710 DEG C, add albronze, are incubated 20min, stir 3min,
Wherein ferroaluminium and albronze can not be put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, first ferroaluminium is added in aluminium liquid, if first added
The volatilization of copper can be caused when entering albronze；
(4) borax treatment：The temperature of aluminium alloy is raised to 750 DEG C, is stood, 20min is incubated, aluminum-boron alloy, insulation is added
20min, carries out borax treatment；
(5) refine：Aluminium alloy is flowed into chute, using argon gas degasification 5min, aluminium alloy is returned in stove, 750 DEG C of insulations
12min, stirs 55s, and aluminium alloy is filtered by porosity for 95ppi filter；
(6) cast：The aluminium alloy for getting well filtering enters continuous casting line, casts aluminium alloy cast bar；
(7) solution heat treatment：Cast bar is heated to 650 DEG C, 2h is incubated, is put into cold water and carries out Quenching Treatment；
(8) roll：Cast bar is placed at 500 DEG C and is incubated 40min, the hot rolling on milling train enters to roll temperature for 480 DEG C, rolls speed
For 0.5m/s, Ф=10mm Aluminum alloy pole material is produced into by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line；
(9) draw：Aluminum alloy pole material is heat-treated, heat treatment temperature is 500 DEG C, and the machine of pulling is put into afterwards, with
4.5m/min speed is drawn into Ф=4mm aluminium bar；
(10) Ageing Treatment：Aluminium bar is subjected to artificial aging processing, aging temp is 200 DEG C, and aging time is 1h；It is stranded
Into Heat-resistant aluminum alloy.
Its tensile strength is 215.78MPa after tested, and conductance is 62.10%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C of heating are 2 hours strong
It is 95.7% to spend survival rate.
Embodiment 4
The wire is made up of the element of following weight percents：Mg is that 0.4%, Si is that 0.35%, Cu is that 0.3%, Fe is
0.2%, Zn are that 0.07%, B is that 0.4%, Zr is that 0.02%, Y is that 0.18%, Ce is 0.15%, other impurities constituent content≤
0.1%, remaining is Al.
The preparation method of the wire, comprises the following steps：
(1) Feedstock treating：All raw materials are weighed according to said ratio, are placed in thermostatic drying chamber dehumidifying at 250 DEG C
26min, wherein aluminium ingot purity ＞ 99.5%；
(2) melting：Aluminium ingot is placed in smelting furnace and is fused into aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid 755 DEG C are warming up to, and aluminium liquid is passed through stream
Groove is transferred in holding furnace；
(3) alloying：By load weighted ferroaluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, allumen, monocrystalline
Silicon and magnesium ingot are added in aluminium liquid, are incubated 15min, are cooled to 700 DEG C, add albronze, are incubated 15min, stir 4min,
Wherein ferroaluminium and albronze can not be put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, first ferroaluminium is added in aluminium liquid, if first added
The volatilization of copper can be caused when entering albronze；
(4) borax treatment：The temperature of aluminium alloy is raised to 740 DEG C, is stood, 20min is incubated, aluminum-boron alloy, insulation is added
20min, carries out borax treatment；
(5) refine：Aluminium alloy is flowed into chute, using argon gas degasification 3min, aluminium alloy is returned in stove, 740 DEG C of insulations
8min, stirs 50s, and aluminium alloy is filtered by porosity for 85ppi filter；
(6) cast：The aluminium alloy for getting well filtering enters continuous casting line, casts aluminium alloy cast bar；
(7) solution heat treatment：Cast bar is heated to 500 DEG C, 1h is incubated, is put into cold water and carries out Quenching Treatment；
(8) roll：Cast bar is placed at 460 DEG C and is incubated 30min, the hot rolling on milling train enters to roll temperature for 440 DEG C, rolls speed
For 0.4m/s, Ф=10mm Aluminum alloy pole material is produced into by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line；
(9) draw：Aluminum alloy pole material is heat-treated, heat treatment temperature is 380 DEG C, and the machine of pulling is put into afterwards, with
3.5m/min speed is drawn into Ф=4mm aluminium bar；
(10) Ageing Treatment：Aluminium bar is subjected to artificial aging processing, aging temp is 180 DEG C, and aging time is 6h；It is stranded
Into Heat-resistant aluminum alloy.
Its tensile strength is 251.25MPa after tested, and conductance is 61.58%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C of heating are 2 hours strong
It is 95.9% to spend survival rate.
In order to protrude the innovative point of the present invention, enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention, now enumerate this
Invention and carries out effect explanation in the comparative example of experimental stage to itself and embodiments of the invention.
Comparative example 1
The wire is made up of the element of following weight percents：Cu is that 0.3%, Fe is that 0.2%, Zn is that 0.07%, B is
0.4%, Zr are that 0.02%, Y is that 0.18%, Ce is 0.15%, other impurities constituent content≤0.1%, and remaining is Al.The wire
Preparation process it is consistent with embodiment 4.Its tensile strength is 125.34MPa after tested, and conductance is 50.69%IACS, short
300 DEG C of phase heating 2 hours intensity survival rate is 78%.
Comparative example 2
The element composition of the wire is same as Example 2.The preparation process of wire is compared with Example 2 except no boronation
Outside processing, other conditions are consistent with embodiment 2.Its tensile strength is 143.29MPa after tested, and conductance is
42.37%IACS, short-term 300 DEG C of heating, 2 hours intensity survival rates are 81%.
Comparative example 3
The element composition of the wire is same as Example 1., will in the preparation process of wire when intermediate alloy adds aluminium liquid
Ferroaluminium and albronze are put into aluminium liquid simultaneously, and other preparation process are consistent with embodiment 1.Its tensile strength after tested
For 158.24MPa, conductance is 49.21%IACS, and short-term 300 DEG C of heating, 2 hours intensity survival rates are 89%.
Comparative example 1~4 and comparative example 1~3 can draw following result：1) aluminium alloy prepared by embodiment 1~4 is led
The tensile strength of line reaches 269.27MPa, and conductance can reach 63%IACS, and the examination fortune by heating 2 hours at 300 DEG C
OK, intensity survival rate is more than 93%；2) comparative example 1 has lacked two kinds of elements of Mg and Si compared with Example 4, in wire, it is seen that
Its tensile strength, heat resistance and conductance significantly decline；3) compared with Example 2, wire composition is identical, is only for comparative example 2
Borax treatment is lacked in preparation process, the boron in wire is reacted with zirconium, reduce the heat resistance of wire；4) comparative example
3 compared with Example 1, and wire composition is identical, be only in preparation process by ferroaluminium and albronze while be put into aluminium liquid,
The volatilization of copper is caused, so as to reduce the performances such as the heat resistance and conductance of wire.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God is with principle, and any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor, it is characterised in that the wire is made up of the element of following percentage by weight：Mg be 0.4 ~
0.7%, Si are that 0.35 ~ 0.65%, Cu is that 0.2 ~ 0.4%, Fe is that 0.1 ~ 0.3%, Zn is that 0.05 ~ 0.15%, B is that 0.3 ~ 0.6%, Zr is
0.01 ~ 0.1%, Y are that 0.05 ~ 0.25%, Ce is 0.04 ~ 0.2%, other impurities constituent content≤0.1%, and remaining is Al,
The preparation method of described extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor, comprises the following steps：
(1) Feedstock treating：Purity ＞ 99.5% aluminium ingot is chosen, above-mentioned raw materials is weighed by proportioning, raw material is put into 150 ~ 250 DEG C
Thermostatic drying chamber in dehumidifying 25 ~ 35min；
(2) melting：Step (1) described aluminium ingot is placed in smelting furnace, aluminium ingot is fused into aluminium liquid, 750 ~ 770 DEG C are warming up to, will
Aluminium liquid is transferred in holding furnace by chute；
(3) alloying：Other raw materials in addition to boron are added in aluminium liquid, aluminium alloy is made；
(4) borax treatment：The temperature of aluminium alloy is raised to 740 ~ 750 DEG C, is stood, 15 ~ 20min is incubated, boron alloy, insulation is added
15 ~ 20min, carries out borax treatment；
(5) refine：Step (4) aluminium alloy is flowed into chute, using argon gas 3 ~ 5min of degasification, then aluminium alloy is flowed back in stove, 740
~ 750 DEG C of 8 ~ 12min of insulation, stirring, and the aluminium alloy is filtered by filter；
(6) cast：The aluminium alloy for filtering step (5) enters continuous casting line, casts aluminium alloy cast bar；
(7) solution heat treatment：Step (6) described cast bar is heated to 500 ~ 650 DEG C, 0.5 ~ 2h, quenching is incubated；
(8) roll：The cast bar is incubated 30 ~ 40min at 450 ~ 500 DEG C, the hot rolling on milling train, enter to roll temperature for 420 ~
480 DEG C, it is 0.4 ~ 0.5m/s to roll speed, and Aluminum alloy pole material is produced into by aluminium continuous casting and rolling production line；
(9) draw：Aluminum alloy pole material is heat-treated, heat treatment temperature is 380 ~ 500 DEG C, and the machine of pulling is put into afterwards, drawn
Into required diameter；
(10) Ageing Treatment：Aging temp is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, and aging time is 1 ~ 11h.
2. extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the wire is by following percentage by weight
Element is constituted：Mg be 0.4 ~ 0.6%, Si be 0.35 ~ 0.55%, Cu be 0.2 ~ 0.3%, Fe be 0.1 ~ 0.2%, Zn be 0.07 ~
0.10%, B are that 0.4 ~ 0.5%, Zr is that 0.02 ~ 0.07%, Y is that 0.10 ~ 0.18%, Ce is 0.06 ~ 0.15%, and other impurities element contains
Amount≤0.1%, remaining is Al.
3. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Zr in step (3), Y,
Fe, Zn and Ce element are added in the form of zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, ferroaluminium, allumen and Ce-Al alloy respectively.
4. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：First will in step (3)
Ferroaluminium, zirconium alloy, yttrium aluminium alloy, Ce-Al alloy, allumen, monocrystalline silicon and magnesium ingot are added in aluminium liquid, and insulation 15 ~
20min, is cooled to 690 ~ 710 DEG C, adds albronze, is incubated 15 ~ 20min, stirs 2 ~ 5min.
5. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (4) described boron
Alloy is aluminum-boron alloy.
6. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (5) is described to be stirred
The time is mixed for 30 ~ 55s, the porosity of the filter is 75 ~ 95ppi.
7. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (6) is described to close
The temperature that golden liquid enters continuous casting line is 750 ~ 790 DEG C, and rate of temperature fall is 30 ~ 50 DEG C/s after casting.
8. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (7) is described to quench
Fiery cooling medium is water.
9. the preparation method of extra-high voltage aluminium alloy conductor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (9) is described to draw
Drawing speed is 3.5~4.5m/min during system.
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| CN108486434A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-04 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | A kind of constant-temperature continuous casting method for tandem rolling of aluminium alloy conductor |
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