CN110923529A - Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for power cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for power cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention provides an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable and a preparation method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy wire comprises the following components: 0.4-0.8 wt% Cu; 0.15-0.36 wt% Sr; 0.12-0.32 wt% RE; 0.13-0.28 wt% Ge; 0.11-0.18 wt% Si; 0.02-0.09 wt% Co; 0.03-0.07 wt% Ca; 0.01-0.05 wt% Cr; the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) smelting and pouring; (2) quenching treatment at 505 ℃ and 520 ℃, and aging treatment at 210 ℃ and 225 ℃; (3) extruding the mixture into an aluminum alloy rod at the temperature of 485 plus 510 ℃; (4) drawing the aluminum alloy wire I at 290-310 ℃; (5) drawing the aluminum alloy wire II with the diameter at the temperature of 330-; (6) firstly, placing the aluminum alloy wire II at the temperature of 350-380 ℃ for heat preservation for 3-5 h; then the temperature is reduced to 230 ℃ and 260 ℃, the temperature is kept for 6 to 10 hours, and the air is cooled to the room temperature. The aluminum alloy wire prepared by the invention has excellent conductivity and heat resistance, and meanwhile, has high strength, good toughness and strong fatigue resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the vigorous development of the electric power industry in China at room temperature, the demand of cables as basic materials is increasing day by day. At present, the conductors of the cable are mostly made of copper and aluminum in China. The copper conductor has excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance and mechanical property, and the dosage of the copper conductor far exceeds that of the aluminum conductor, so the copper conductor becomes the preferred material of the cable conductor. But the demand for copper conductors is increasing due to their superior performance. However, the reserves of copper ore resources in China are limited, so that the China mainly depends on import of refined copper. Huge copper consumption, relatively short copper ore resource storage amount and high price generate certain inhibition on the development of copper-core cables.
However, China has abundant aluminum ore resources, and according to statistics, the aluminum ore resource storage amount in China reaches 8% and reaches 37% hundred million tons. In recent years, the idea of replacing copper with aluminum has been explored many times to solve the problem of insufficient copper resources. However, aluminum has failed because of its poor mechanical strength, creep, and tendency to generate heat due to overload. However, through continuous research and development, aluminum alloy is finally developed to replace copper as a novel conductive material.
The aluminum alloy cable is characterized in that alloy elements such as copper, iron, magnesium, silicon, zinc, boron and the like are added into electrical aluminum, and meanwhile, through process adjustment, the mechanical property of an aluminum alloy conductor is greatly improved, the problems of low elongation, poor creep resistance and poor flexibility of a pure aluminum conductor are solved, and the connection reliability of a cable system is improved. In addition, the electrical performance of the aluminum alloy is kept equal to that of an electrical aluminum conductor and is more than 61% IACS. The alloy power cable makes up the defects of the conventional pure aluminum cable, improves the bending property, creep resistance, corrosion resistance and the like greatly although the conductivity of the cable is not improved, and can ensure that the cable keeps stable continuity performance when overloaded and overheated for a long time.
The Chinese patent with the application number of 201210445283.1 discloses Al-Fe-Zr-RE aluminum alloy, a preparation method thereof and a power cable, wherein the aluminum alloy is used as a wire core of the power cable, so that the power cable has better comprehensive performance, the conductivity of the aluminum alloy is more than 60%, and the tensile strength is more than 118MPa, the elongation at break is more than 30 percent, the heat-resistant temperature can reach 230 ℃ in long-term operation, the strength residual rate after the heat-resistant operation test can reach 90 percent, the repeated bending times at 90 degrees reach 36 times, and the corrosion resistance quality loss after 400 hours is less than 0.9g/m2Hr, the minimum bend radius is greater than 4 times the outer diameter of the cable.
The Chinese patent with the application number of 201710816980.6 discloses Al-Fe-Cu-Ti aluminum alloy for coal mine cables, which is prepared by the steps that the resistivity of the aluminum alloy is not more than 0.024132 omega-mm 2/m, the electric conductivity is more than 63% IACS, the elongation at break is not less than 13%, and the 90-degree fatigue bending frequency is more than or equal to 35.
The cable has better performances in all aspects, but along with the development of electric power engineering, the requirement on the aluminum alloy cable is higher and higher, so that the aluminum alloy cable with more excellent performances is imperatively developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable comprises the following components:
0.4-0.8 wt% Cu;
0.15-0.36 wt% Sr;
0.12-0.32 wt% RE;
0.13-0.28 wt% Ge;
0.11-0.18 wt% Si;
0.02-0.09 wt% Co;
0.03-0.07 wt% Ca;
0.01-0.05 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire consists of the following components:
0.45-0.68 wt% Cu;
0.20-0.31 wt% Sr;
0.18 to 0.26 wt% RE;
0.15-0.21 wt% Ge;
0.14-0.17 wt% Si;
0.03-0.07 wt% Co;
0.04-0.06 wt% Ca;
0.02-0.05 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
Further preferably, the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire is composed of the following components:
0.54 wt% Cu;
0.25 wt% Sr;
0.24 wt% RE;
0.19 wt% Ge;
0.15 wt% Si;
0.06 wt% Co;
0.04 wt% Ca;
0.03 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, the RE is one or more of Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Tm, Gd and Lu.
Further preferably, the RE is Nd and Sm in a mass ratio of 1:2-5, or Tm and Lu in a mass ratio of 1: 0.3-1.5.
The preparation method of the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps of:
(1) adding the raw materials into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 760-780 ℃; cooling the alloy solution to 710-730 ℃ for pouring, preheating a casting mold to 260-300 ℃ before pouring, cooling the casting mold to room temperature after pouring, and taking out the cast ingot;
(2) quenching the ingot at the temperature of 505 ℃ and 520 ℃, and aging at the temperature of 210 ℃ and 225 ℃;
(3) extruding the ingot after heat treatment at 485-510 ℃ to form an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 8-11 mm;
(4) drawing an aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire I with the diameter of 3-6mm at the temperature of 290-;
(5) drawing the aluminum alloy wire I into an aluminum alloy wire II with the diameter of 1-2.5mm at the temperature of 330-;
(6) firstly, placing the aluminum alloy wire II at the temperature of 350-380 ℃ for heat preservation for 3-5 h; and then reducing the temperature to 230-260 ℃, preserving the heat for 6-10h, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire.
Preferably, in the step (1), mechanical auxiliary vibration is adopted in both the smelting process and the pouring process of the medium-frequency induction furnace, the frequency of the mechanical vibration is 70-85Hz, and the mechanical vibration is assisted to continue from the smelting process until the pouring process is completed.
Preferably, in the step (2), the ingot is placed in a heating furnace preheated to 260-.
Preferably, in the step (2), the heat preservation time of the aging treatment is 8-11h, and then the air cooling is carried out to the room temperature.
The power cable comprises a wire core, an insulating layer, a shielding layer and a protective layer, wherein the wire core is the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adds copper into the aluminum alloy wire, wherein the copper is used as a basic strengthening element in the aluminum alloy and forms theta (Al) with aluminum2Cu) phase and theta phase have better solid solution strengthening effect and obvious aging strengthening effect, and can effectively improve the tensile strength and the yield strength of the aluminum alloy; copper also improves the thermal performance of the aluminum alloy. The invention controls the content of copper between 0.4 and 0.8 weight percent, and in the range, the copper can have better improvement effect on the mechanical property and the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy, and simultaneously, an ordered solid solution is formed in the copper alloy, so that the aluminum alloy wire can keep better conductivity.
The added strontium can form Al in the alloy7Sr8、Al4Sr3、AlSr2And AlSr3And various alloy elements can play a role in high-temperature strengthening, and the high-temperature creep property is effectively improved. In addition, strontium is added into the aluminum alloyThe aluminum alloy can be prevented from cracking at high temperature during casting and rolling, the plasticity and the processability of the aluminum alloy are improved, and the processing success rate is improved.
According to the invention, a proper amount of rare earth elements are added into the aluminum alloy, the added rare earth elements can refine crystal grains, and a high-melting-point metal compound formed by the rare earth elements and aluminum is dispersed and distributed among reticular or framework-shaped crystal and dendrite, and is firmly combined with a matrix, so that a crystal boundary can be strengthened and stabilized, and the fatigue resistance limit and the yield limit of the aluminum alloy are effectively improved; the rare earth elements also have good effects on improving the oxidability and resisting electrochemical corrosion of the aluminum alloy. The rare earth element can effectively reduce the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte, so that the movement speed of ions is accelerated under the action of an electric field, and the concentration overpotential is reduced; and the rare earth has good impurity removal effect, can purify the aluminum alloy, and has less impurities in the aluminum alloy, so that the resistivity of the aluminum alloy is obviously reduced, and the conductivity of the aluminum alloy is effectively improved. Particularly, when RE is Nd and Sm according to the mass ratio of 1:2-5, or Tm and Lu according to the mass ratio of 1:0.3-1.5, the effect on improving the mechanical property and the conductivity is better.
By adding germanium, cobalt and chromium, various alloy compounds can be formed in the melt to form a high-temperature strengthening phase, so that the casting structure can be refined, the thermal crack resistance can be enhanced, the thermal stability and the high-temperature creep resistance of the aluminum alloy can be effectively improved, and the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy can be enhanced. The plasticity of the aluminum alloy can be improved to a certain extent by adding a proper amount of calcium.
When the aluminum alloy wire is prepared, the prepared cast ingot is subjected to proper quenching treatment and aging treatment, so that the ductility and the strength are proper, the generation of internal defects in the extrusion process is effectively reduced, the growth of particles in an aluminum matrix can be limited by proper extrusion temperature in the extrusion process, the aluminum alloy has good extrusion deformation capacity, and a casting is easy to carry out. The obtained aluminum alloy rod is pulled for two times at a proper temperature, and then specific heat treatment is carried out, so that the performance of the whole material of the obtained aluminum alloy wire is uniformly distributed, and the comprehensive indexes of all the performances are well matched.
The invention adopts mechanical auxiliary vibration in the two processes of smelting and pouring in the medium-frequency induction furnace, is beneficial to refining the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy, can eliminate the defects of holes and the like, and improves the strength and the toughness of the aluminum alloy.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable comprises the following components:
0.54 wt% Cu;
0.25 wt% Sr;
0.24 wt% RE;
0.19 wt% Ge;
0.15 wt% Si;
0.06 wt% Co;
0.04 wt% Ca;
0.03 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
RE is Nd and Sm according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.
The preparation method of the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps of:
(1) adding the raw materials into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 770 ℃; cooling the alloy solution to 715 ℃ for pouring, preheating a casting mold to 290 ℃ before pouring, air-cooling to room temperature after pouring, and taking out an ingot;
mechanical auxiliary vibration is adopted in the two processes of smelting and pouring of the medium-frequency induction furnace, the frequency of the mechanical vibration is 70-85Hz, and the mechanical vibration is assisted to continue from the smelting process to the pouring process;
(2) placing the cast ingot in a heating furnace preheated to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 520 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 8h, and then water-quenching to room temperature; heating the cast ingot to 220 ℃ for aging treatment, keeping the temperature for 10 hours, and then cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
(3) extruding the ingot after heat treatment at 505 ℃ to form an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 10 mm;
(4) drawing an aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire I with the diameter of 5mm at 300 ℃;
(5) drawing the aluminum alloy wire I into an aluminum alloy wire II with the diameter of 2mm at 345 ℃;
(6) firstly, placing the aluminum alloy wire II at 370 ℃ and preserving heat for 3.5 h; and then reducing the temperature to 245 ℃, preserving the heat for 9 hours, and cooling in air to room temperature to obtain the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire.
Example 2:
an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable comprises the following components:
0.45 wt% Cu;
0.29 wt% Sr;
0.26 wt% RE;
0.17 wt% Ge;
0.17 wt% Si;
0.03 wt% Co;
0.05 wt% Ca;
0.03 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
RE is Nd and Sm according to the mass ratio of 1: 5.
The preparation method of the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps of:
(1) adding the raw materials into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 780 ℃; cooling the alloy solution to 725 ℃ for pouring, preheating a casting mold before pouring to 300 ℃, air-cooling to room temperature after pouring, and taking out an ingot;
mechanical auxiliary vibration is adopted in the two processes of smelting and pouring of the medium-frequency induction furnace, the frequency of the mechanical vibration is 85Hz, and the mechanical vibration is assisted to continue from the smelting process to the pouring process;
(2) placing the cast ingot in a heating furnace preheated to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 520 ℃ at the speed of 9 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5h, and then water-quenching to room temperature; heating the cast ingot to 220 ℃ for aging treatment, keeping the temperature for 8 hours, and then cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
(3) extruding the ingot after heat treatment at 510 ℃ to form an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 11 mm;
(4) drawing an aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire I with the diameter of 6mm at 305 ℃;
(5) drawing the aluminum alloy wire I into an aluminum alloy wire II with the diameter of 2.5mm under 330-360 DEG;
(6) firstly, placing the aluminum alloy wire II at 380 ℃ for heat preservation for 3 h; and then reducing the temperature to 260 ℃, preserving the heat for 9 hours, and cooling in air to room temperature to obtain the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire.
Example 3:
an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable comprises the following components:
0.58 wt% Cu;
0.20 wt% Sr;
0.22 wt% RE;
0.21 wt% Ge;
0.16 wt% Si;
0.07 wt% Co;
0.04 wt% Ca;
0.05 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
RE is Tm and Lu according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The preparation method of the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps of:
(1) adding the raw materials into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 760 ℃; cooling the alloy solution to 730 ℃ for pouring, preheating a casting mold to 260 ℃ before pouring, air-cooling to room temperature after pouring, and taking out an ingot;
mechanical auxiliary vibration is adopted in the two processes of smelting and pouring of the medium-frequency induction furnace, the frequency of the mechanical vibration is 70Hz, and the mechanical vibration is assisted to continue from the smelting process to the pouring process;
(2) placing the cast ingot in a heating furnace preheated to 260 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 505 ℃ at the speed of 7.6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 8.5h, and then water-quenching to room temperature; heating the cast ingot to 210 ℃ for aging treatment, keeping the temperature for 11h, and then cooling the cast ingot to room temperature in air;
(3) extruding the ingot after heat treatment at 485 ℃ to form an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 8 mm;
(4) drawing an aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire I with the diameter of 3mm at 290 ℃;
(5) drawing the aluminum alloy wire I into an aluminum alloy wire II with the diameter of 1mm under 330-360 DEG;
(6) firstly, placing the aluminum alloy wire II at 350 ℃ and preserving heat for 5 hours; and then reducing the temperature to 240 ℃, preserving the heat for 6 hours, and cooling in air to room temperature to obtain the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire.
Example 4:
an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable comprises the following components:
0.68 wt% Cu;
0.31 wt% Sr;
0.18 wt% RE;
0.15 wt% Ge;
0.14 wt% Si;
0.05 wt% Co;
0.06 wt% Ca;
0.02 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
RE is Tm and Lu according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.6.
The preparation method of the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps of:
(1) adding the raw materials into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 770 ℃; cooling the alloy solution to 710 ℃ for pouring, preheating a casting mold to 280 ℃ before pouring, air-cooling to room temperature after pouring, and taking out an ingot;
mechanical auxiliary vibration is adopted in the two processes of smelting and pouring of the medium-frequency induction furnace, the frequency of the mechanical vibration is 80Hz, and the mechanical vibration is assisted to continue from the smelting process to the pouring process;
(2) placing the cast ingot in a heating furnace preheated to 270 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 510 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 7.5h, and then water-quenching to room temperature; heating the cast ingot to 225 ℃ for aging treatment, keeping the temperature for 10 hours, and then cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
(3) extruding the ingot after heat treatment at 500 ℃ to form an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 10 mm;
(4) drawing an aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire I with the diameter of 5mm at 310 ℃;
(5) drawing the aluminum alloy wire I into an aluminum alloy wire II with the diameter of 1.8mm under 330-360 DEG;
(6) firstly, placing the aluminum alloy wire II at 360 ℃ and preserving heat for 4 hours; and then reducing the temperature to 230 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 hours, and cooling in air to room temperature to obtain the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire.
Example 5:
an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable comprises the following components:
0.8 wt% Cu;
0.22 wt% Sr;
0.32 wt% RE;
0.13 wt% Ge;
0.15 wt% Si;
0.04 wt% Co;
0.03 wt% Ca;
0.05 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
RE is Nd and Sm according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
The Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire was produced in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 6:
an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable comprises the following components:
0.4 wt% Cu;
0.15 wt% Sr;
0.12 wt% RE;
0.28 wt% Ge;
0.11 wt% Si;
0.09 wt% Co;
0.05 wt% Ca;
0.02 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
RE is Tm and Lu according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.3.
The Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire was produced in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 7:
an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable comprises the following components:
0.6 wt% Cu;
0.36 wt% Sr;
0.25 wt% RE;
0.19 wt% Ge;
0.18 wt% Si;
0.02 wt% Co;
0.07 wt% Ca;
0.01 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
RE is Ce, Pr and Sm according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire was produced in the same manner as in example 2.
And (3) performance testing:
the resistivity of the aluminum alloy wire was measured using a double bridge method to obtain conductivity, and then its mechanical properties were measured by a tensile test. Wherein the aluminum alloy wire is heat-treated at a temperature of 400 ℃ for 5 hours for the purpose of heat resistance test, and the heat resistance is measured as a ratio of tensile strength before and after the heat treatment. Specific test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance test data for aluminum alloy wire
As can be seen from Table 1, the aluminum alloy wires produced by examples 1 to 7 of the present invention have excellent electrical conductivity and heat resistance, as well as high strength, good toughness and strong fatigue resistance.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire for a power cable is characterized by comprising the following components:
0.4-0.8 wt% Cu;
0.15-0.36 wt% Sr;
0.12-0.32 wt% RE;
0.13-0.28 wt% Ge;
0.11-0.18 wt% Si;
0.02-0.09 wt% Co;
0.03-0.07 wt% Ca;
0.01-0.05 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
2. The Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire of claim 1, consisting of:
0.45-0.68 wt% Cu;
0.20-0.31 wt% Sr;
0.18 to 0.26 wt% RE;
0.15-0.21 wt% Ge;
0.14-0.17 wt% Si;
0.03-0.07 wt% Co;
0.04-0.06 wt% Ca;
0.02-0.05 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
3. The Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire of claim 2, consisting of:
0.54 wt% Cu;
0.25 wt% Sr;
0.24 wt% RE;
0.19 wt% Ge;
0.15 wt% Si;
0.06 wt% Co;
0.04 wt% Ca;
0.03 wt% Cr;
the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
4. The Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire of any of claims 1-3, wherein RE is a combination of one or more of Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Tm, Gd, Lu.
5. The Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire according to any one of claim 4, wherein the RE consists of Nd and Sm in a mass ratio of 1:2 to 5, or Tm and Lu in a mass ratio of 1:0.3 to 1.5.
6. The method for producing an Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) adding the raw materials into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 760-780 ℃; cooling the alloy solution to 710-730 ℃ for pouring, preheating a casting front piece mold to 260-300 ℃, air-cooling to room temperature after pouring, and taking out the ingot;
(2) quenching the ingot at the temperature of 505 ℃ and 520 ℃, and aging at the temperature of 210 ℃ and 225 ℃;
(3) extruding the ingot after heat treatment at 485-510 ℃ to form an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 8-11 mm;
(4) drawing an aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire I with the diameter of 3-6mm at the temperature of 290-;
(5) drawing the aluminum alloy wire I into an aluminum alloy wire II with the diameter of 1-2.5mm at the temperature of 330-;
(6) firstly, placing the aluminum alloy wire II at the temperature of 350-380 ℃ for heat preservation for 3-5 h; and then reducing the temperature to 230-260 ℃, preserving the heat for 6-10h, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire.
7. The method for preparing Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire according to claim 6, wherein in step (1), mechanical auxiliary vibration is applied during both melting and pouring in the medium frequency induction furnace, the frequency of the mechanical vibration is 70-85Hz, and the mechanical vibration is continued from the beginning of the melting process until the pouring process is completed.
8. The method for preparing Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire as recited in claim 6, wherein in the step (2), the ingot is preheated to a temperature of 260-.
9. The method for preparing Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire according to claim 8, wherein in step (2), the aging treatment is carried out for 8-11h, and then the wire is air-cooled to room temperature.
10. A power cable comprising a core, an insulating layer, a shielding layer and a protective layer, wherein the core is the Al-Cu-Sr-RE-Ge aluminum alloy wire of any one of claims 1 to 3 and 6 to 9.
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