CN101953270A - Method for producing and collecting ganoderma spore powder by field earth covering and bagging culture - Google Patents
Method for producing and collecting ganoderma spore powder by field earth covering and bagging culture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing and collecting ganoderma spore powder by field earth covering and bagging culture. The method comprises the following steps of: A1, crushing raw materials, namely collecting miscellaneous trees and crushing the collected miscellaneous trees into grains with the diameter of between 0.6 and 1cm for later use; A2, making bacteria bags, namely weighing miscellaneous tree sawdust; sufficiently prewetting the miscellaneous tree sawdust for 12 hours by spraying water; weighing bran, dipotassium phosphate and gypsum; adding the bran, the dipotassium phosphate and the gypsum into the preset miscellaneous tree sawdust; mixing uniformly and stacking for 2 to 3 hours; adjusting the water content of a culture material to be about 65 percent and adjusting the pH of the culture material to be natural; bagging manually or mechanically; and sterilizing by using a sterilization stove under normal pressure; A3, inoculating and growing bacteria, namely after cooling sterilized material bags to the temperature of about 30DEG C, moving the material bags into an inoculation room for inoculating; performing bacteria growing culture on the inoculated material bags; and entering a ganoderma growing management stage when mycelium grows all over the material bags; A4, preparing and covering soil; A5, filming and growing ganoderma; A6, enclosing films along furrows; A7, capping films; and A8, controlling moisture and collecting powder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of edible fungi production, relate in particular to the method that a kind of land for growing field crops earthing cultivating in bag lucidum spore powder is produced and collected.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma is the treasure in China's medicine, the edible mushroom, have the reputation of " celestial grass ", has unique, excellent physiological potency.Promptly drug effect and the function to glossy ganoderma has detailed and sure record in Shennong's Herbal and Compendium of Material Medica.Glossy ganoderma is formally recorded by NF as medicine, also is the new resource food of state approval, but medicine-food two-purpose.
Modern medicine study shows, the glossy ganoderma pharmaceutical component is very abundant, its effective ingredient is 10 big classes nearly, comprise GL-B, polypeptide, triterpenes, amino acid, steroid class, mannitol, coumarin glycosides, alkaloid, organic acid (the main fumaric acid that contains), and various trace elements such as Ge, P, Fe, Ca, Mn and Zn.Medical research also proves, glossy ganoderma has adjusting and strengthens body immunity, reducing blood lipid blood sugar, protect the liver, suppress obesity and arteriosclerosis, stop functions such as cholesterol absorption, neurasthenia, coronary heart disease, hypertension, chronic bronchitis, diabetes and tumour etc. there are good preventing and therapeutic action, effect such as have antifatigue, beautifying face and moistering lotion concurrently, delay senility.
At present, China has developed many glossy ganoderma health-care products, comprise glossy ganoderma section, ultra micro powder, ganoderma tea, ganoderma spove powder capsule, Reishi sporule oil capsule etc., wherein, ganoderma spove powder, ganoderma lucidum spore oil like that because of its good health care effect is subjected to the consumer deeply market is increasing to lucidum spore powder.Traditional glossy ganoderma planting patterns is segment wood cultivated; production cycle is long; conidial powder yields poorly; people's needs can't have been satisfied; therefore; China adopts glossy ganoderma Bag Material large-scale planting to produce lucidum spore powder more and more; but because conidial powder is launched longer duration (about 15-20 days); conidial powder launches that scope is wide, conidial powder is launched and is subjected to such environmental effects big; existing conidial powder collection mode exist the conidial powder loss big, yield poorly, the not high shortcoming of quality, the collection of lucidum spore powder is a difficult problem always.
Based on this, people constantly explore the lucidum spore powder collection method, to improve the output and the quality of conidial powder, the existing patent No. be ZL200410017420.7 the Chinese invention patent technology introduction cultivation and the collecting method of log glossy ganoderma spore powder, its core is to make respectively with plastic film and presspaper the film cylinder and the circular paper web of suitable size, and is cut into the cover plate of corresponding size with presspaper; When ganoderma lucidum fruitbody reach maturity, when beginning to launch spore, the film cylinder is inserted in the Ganderma lucidum lid, and tighten on stem the lower end, inserts circular paper web around cap in the film cylinder then, and cover cover plate, leave suitable space between cap and cover plate and the circular paper web.This invention is primarily aimed at the conidial powder of segment wood cultivated glossy ganoderma and cultivates and gather; because the glossy ganoderma physical size there are differences; fruit body quantity is many in addition; the method that adopts this invention to introduce is gathered lucidum spore powder; workload is very big; can't solve the conidial powder collection of glossy ganoderma scale cultivating in bag well, how reduce lucidum spore powder collecting work amount, guarantee the conidial powder quality, be worth continuing to explore new approach.
Summary of the invention
Based on above-mentioned present situation, the method that provides a kind of land for growing field crops earthing cultivating in bag lucidum spore powder to produce and collect.
The method that the land for growing field crops earthing cultivating in bag lucidum spore powder that the present invention relates to is produced and collected is as follows:
The present invention is primary raw material with the weed tree sawdust, the an amount of auxiliary materials and mixing such as wheat bran, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, gypsum that add, the cultivating in bag glossy ganoderma, on the basis that obtains higher fruiting body yield, according to the variation that in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody growth course oxygen and air humidity is required, take whole ground earthing, shop film to go out sesame, enclose film, film caping, control the steps such as adopting powder that wets, guarantee to cultivate and gather high-quality lucidum spore powder along furrow.
The bacterium bag is made the cultivation prescription: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2%, gypsum 1.8%.Take by weighing weed tree sawdust in proportion, the 12h that fully prewets that sprays water takes by weighing wheat bran, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and gypsum again, evenly joins the back weed tree sawdust of prewetting, and mixes thoroughly and stacks 2-3 hour, adjusts composts or fertilisers of cultivating water content 65%-70%, the pH nature.The employing specification is the polypropylene plastics pocket of 17cm * 53cm * 0.05cm, and artificial or machinery pack (contains the heavily about 2.0kg of siccative) about every packed wet feed 2.2kg.Note the degree of tightness appropriateness, pack finishes, and tightens the two ends sack, the sterilization of normal-pressure sterilization kitchen range, and every kitchen range is adorned about 5000 bags.The very hot oven sterilization is rapidly heated to about 100 ℃, keeps 1 day, stewing 12 hours of flame-out back.
Inoculation is sent out bacterium back subject to sterilization pocket temperature and is reduced to about 30 ℃, and pocket is moved in the transfer room, adopts " punching inoculation, secondary bagging " technology inoculation, and postvaccinal pocket is sent out bacterium and cultivated, and notes about 25 ℃ of temperature controls, and control wet 60%～70% is advisable.Usually, inoculation back 35～40 days, mycelia is covered with pocket, promptly enters out the sesame management phase.
Whole ground earthing Bag Material Ganoderma lucidum mycelium covers with the bacterium bag, before the mycelia kink forms original hase, should in time carry out land for growing field crops earthing management.Select pollution-free, good water permeability, well-ventilated, water source convenience, physical features drying, quality meets the place of national soil primary standard, and wide 1.2m is built in smooth place, furrow about dark 0.3m, water spray, adjustment soil moisture content about 60%, an amount of lime disinfection is spread in the bottom; With bacterium bag demoulding, in-line neatly is placed in the furrow, and the bacterium bag is 2-3cm at interval, fills fine earth therebetween, covers the fine earth of thick about 3cm on it, and water spray is to keep suitable soil moisture.
The shop film go out sesame 1. material prepare to be respectively 0.02mm and 0.05mm from plastic products company custom-made thickness, the food-grade polyethylene of width 1.5m or polypropylene film, content of beary metal should comply with the national standard requirements.2. after going out sesame management bacterium bag earthing, 26-30 ℃ of the temperature that controls environment, air humidity 85%-90%, sooner or later ventilate, promote fruit body primordium to form, in case after the original hase kink is unearthed, cover the film of thick 0.02mm immediately, with the standardized osculum of film at pocket knife ganoderma lucidum fruitbody place, fruit body is grown on film, is increased.When the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody maturation, the edge is overstrike gradually, when faint yellow growth circle no longer occurring, enters the fruit body stage of ripeness, and lucidum spore powder begins to launch.Be that the film of 0.05mm is cut into the diaphragm (collection powder film) that differs in size according to fruit body size and spacing with thickness this moment, places the fruit body lower end, in order to the collection conidial powder.
Enclosing film along furrow and surround around furrow with the film of thick 0.05mm, highly is about 0.5m, uses the bamboo pole fixed film, with avoid lucidum spore powder form afterwards to around launch, cause conidial powder to be lost in a large number.
The film caping is used the film cover cap top of thick 0.02mm at an upper portion thereof according to enclosing the film size, and film one side is fixed on the bamboo pole that encloses film, and opposite side is fixed on the nylon rope, in order to lift so that temperature control, ventilation.
Control is wet adopts during the formation of powder ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, goes out sesame field humidity and should remain between the 85%-90%, adds forced ventilation.After the ripe beginning of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody spore launches, the demand of oxygen is slightly reduced, ambient humidity is good with 70%-75%, and is the fastest when spore launches with temperature 30-32 ℃.Land for growing field crops earthing bag is planted glossy ganoderma, and conidial powder is launched the fastest, the amount of launching maximum at fine day between afternoon 1 o'clock to 5 o'clock.Therefore, on temperature treatment, 12 noon lid furrow top film is collected conidial powder during afternoon 1 o'clock to 5 o'clock, after at 6 in evening, opens a side of caping film, suitably ventilates; On moisture management, in case the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody maturation after beginning to launch conidial powder, in time reduces about ambient humidity to 70%, gathering to conidial powder finishes.The ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of gathering subsequently, moisturizing in time, cultivation promptly began to form the second damp ganoderma lucidum fruitbody about 10 days, and conidial powder and ganoderma lucidum fruitbody are collected in the same method management, the 2-3 tide glossy ganoderma of can gathering.Every damp glossy ganoderma is launched initially to the end of gathering from conidial powder, continues about 15-20 days.
Dry storage is gathered and is finished, and collects the conidial powder on collection powder film and the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, selects fine day to dry conidial powder in good time, removes different mixing, and stores in dry place.
Among the present invention, fully take into account the characteristics of land for growing field crops soil covering culture glossy ganoderma, different to the demand of ambient humidity, temperature and oxygen in conjunction with ganoderma lucidum fruitbody with the conidial powder developmental stage, the collection of conidial powder is limited within the specific limits, with film fruit body and soil are separated, guarantee the high yield and the high-quality of lucidum spore powder, had the advantage easy to operate, that cost is low.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Cultivation strain: flourish protect glossy ganoderma No. 1, have growth soon, the fruit body shapeliness, produce the big characteristics raw material pulverizing of conidial powder amount and collect the age of tree at weedtrees such as Qinggang of 5-8 wood, it is standby to be ground into diameter 0.6-1cm size particles;
The bacterium bag is made the cultivation prescription: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2%, gypsum 1.8%.Take by weighing weed tree sawdust in proportion, the 12h that fully prewets that sprays water takes by weighing wheat bran, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and gypsum again, evenly joins the back weed tree sawdust of prewetting, and mixes thoroughly and stacks 2-3 hour, adjusts composts or fertilisers of cultivating water content 65%-70%, the pH nature.The employing specification is the polypropylene plastics pocket of 17cm * 53cm * 0.05cm, and artificial or machinery pack (contains the heavily about 2.0kg of siccative) about every packed wet feed 2.2kg.Note the degree of tightness appropriateness, pack finishes, and tightens the two ends sack, the sterilization of normal-pressure sterilization kitchen range, and every kitchen range is adorned about 5000 bags.The very hot oven sterilization is rapidly heated to about 100 ℃, keeps 1 day, stewing 12 hours of flame-out back.
Inoculation is sent out bacterium back subject to sterilization pocket temperature and is reduced to about 30 ℃, and pocket is moved in the transfer room, adopts " punching inoculation, secondary bagging " technology inoculation, and postvaccinal pocket is sent out bacterium and cultivated, and notes about 25 ℃ of temperature controls, and control wet 60%～70% is advisable.Usually, inoculation back 35～40 days, mycelia is covered with pocket, promptly enters out the sesame management phase.
Whole ground earthing is selected pollution-free, good water permeability, and well-ventilated, water source are convenient, and physical features drying, quality meet the place of national soil primary standard, and building length is the plastic-steel canopy of 25m * 3.0-5.0m * 2.5m, high 2.5m in the middle of the booth; The sunshade net covers booth, with control temperature and illumination.Before going out sesame, wide 1.2m is built in smooth place, the furrow about dark 0.3m, and water spray, adjustment soil moisture content about 60%, an amount of lime disinfection is spread in the bottom; Draw film with electrician's knife and take off bacterium, in-line neatly is placed in the furrow, and the bacterium bag is 2-3cm at interval, fills fine earth therebetween, covers the fine earth of thick about 3cm on it, and water spray is to keep suitable soil moisture.
The shop film go out sesame 1. material prepare to be respectively 0.02mm and 0.08mm from plastic products company custom-made thickness, the food-grade polyethylene of width 1.5m or polypropylene film, content of beary metal should comply with the national standard requirements.2. after going out sesame management bacterium bag earthing, 26-30 ℃ of the temperature that controls environment, air humidity 85%-90%, sooner or later ventilate, promote fruit body primordium to form, in case after the original hase kink is unearthed, cover the film of thick 0.02mm immediately, scratch an openning with pocket knife ganoderma lucidum fruitbody kink place film, fruit body is grown on film, is increased.Treat ganoderma lucidum fruitbody edge overstrike gradually, when faint yellow growth circle no longer occurring, enter the fruit body stage of ripeness, begin to launch lucidum spore powder.The film that be 0.05mm according to the big young pathbreaker's thickness of fruit body this moment is cut into the diaphragm (collection powder film) that differs in size, and fills up in the fruit body lower end, in order to collect conidial powder.
Enclosing film along furrow and surround around furrow with the film of thick 0.05mm, highly is about 0.5m, centre bamboo pole fixed film, with avoid lucidum spore powder to around launch, cause conidial powder to be lost in a large number.
Film cover withstands on encloses the film cover cap top of film top with thick 0.02mm, and film one side is fixed on the bamboo pole that encloses film, and opposite side is fixed on the nylon rope, can lift up and down, so that temperature control, ventilation.
Control is wet adopts during the formation of powder ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, and obtain sesame field humidity is 85%-90%, and the well-ventilated.When the sub-powder of glossy ganoderma launches, the demand of oxygen is decreased, ambient humidity is good with 70%-75%, and in the time of environmental temperature 30-32 ℃, spore launches the fastest.Adopt land for growing field crops earthing cultivating in bag glossy ganoderma, collect during the lucidum spore powder, after conidial powder begins to launch, usually lid furrow top film about 12 is at noon collected conidial powder during afternoon 1 o'clock to 5 o'clock, after at 6 in evening, open a side of caping film, cooling is ventilated.Simultaneously, after lucidum spore powder begins to launch, suitably reduce and ventilate, and ambient humidity is reduced to about 70%, last till always that conidial powder is gathered to finish.
After conidial powder is gathered and is finished, the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of gathering immediately, moisturizing in soil in time, 28 ℃ of cultivations of temperature control are about 10 days, and the second damp ganoderma lucidum fruitbody can go out sesame, the same method management, the conidial powder of gathering and ganoderma lucidum fruitbody.Land for growing field crops earthing cultivating in bag glossy ganoderma can form 2-3 tide glossy ganoderma.
Dry storage is gathered and is finished, and will collect the conidial powder centralized collection on powder film and the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody in cleaning ambient, selects sunny weather, dries conidial powder, removes different mixing, and stores in dry place.Adopt this method, can acquisition amount lucidum spore powder big, of fine quality.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description that as the appropriate change that changes cultivation of glossy ganoderma prescription and other raw materials etc., all these change the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the method that land for growing field crops earthing cultivating in bag lucidum spore powder is produced and collected is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: A1, and raw material pulverizing: collect weedtree, it is standby to be ground into diameter 0.6-1cm size particles; A2, the bacterium bag is made: take by weighing weed tree sawdust, the 12h that fully prewets that sprays water takes by weighing wheat bran, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and gypsum again, evenly joins the back weed tree sawdust of prewetting, and mixes thoroughly and stacks 2-3 hour, adjusts composts or fertilisers of cultivating water content 65%-70%, the pH nature; Artificial or machinery packs, the sterilization of normal-pressure sterilization kitchen range; A3, bacterium is sent out in inoculation: back subject to sterilization pocket temperature is reduced to about 30 ℃, and pocket is moved into the inoculation indoor inoculation, and postvaccinal pocket is sent out bacterium and cultivated, and mycelia is covered with pocket, promptly enters out the sesame management phase; A4, whole ground earthing; A5, the shop film goes out sesame; A6 encloses film along furrow; A7, the film caping; A8, the wet powder of adopting of control.
2. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described whole ground earthing way is: the Bag Material Ganoderma lucidum mycelium covers with the bacterium bag, before the mycelia kink forms original hase, select pollution-free, good water permeability, well-ventilated, water source convenience, physical features drying, quality meets the place of national soil primary standard, wide 1.2m is built in smooth place, the furrow about dark 0.3m, water spray, adjustment soil moisture content, lime disinfection is spread in the bottom; With bacterium bag demoulding, in-line neatly is placed in the furrow, and the bacterium bag is 2-3cm at interval, fills fine earth therebetween, covers the fine earth of thick about 3cm on it, and water spray is to keep suitable soil moisture.
3. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shop film goes out the sesame way: behind the bacterium bag earthing, and 26-30 ℃ of the temperature that controls environment, air humidity 85%-90%, sooner or later ventilate, promote fruit body primordium to form, in case after the original hase kink is unearthed, cover the film of thick 0.02mm immediately, with the standardized osculum of film of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody place original hase kink place, fruit body is grown on film, is increased; When the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody maturation, the edge is overstrike gradually, when faint yellow growth circle no longer occurring, enters the fruit body stage of ripeness, and lucidum spore powder begins to launch; Be that the film of 0.05mm is cut into the collection powder film that differs in size according to fruit body size and spacing with thickness this moment, places the fruit body lower end, in order to the collection conidial powder.
4. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly enclose the film way along furrow and be: the film with thick 0.05mm surrounds around furrow, highly is 0.5m, with avoid lucidum spore powder form afterwards to around launch.
5. according to the described method of claim 4, it is characterized in that described film caping way is: according to enclosing the film size, use the film cover cap top of thick 0.02mm at an upper portion thereof, film one side is fixed, and opposite side can lift, in order to temperature control, ventilation.
6. according to the described method of claim 5, it is characterized in that described control is wet adopts the powder way and be: ganoderma lucidum fruitbody goes out sesame field humidity and should remain between the 85%-90% during forming, and adds forced ventilation; After the ripe beginning of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody spore launches, ambient humidity control 70%-75%; After lucidum spore powder began to launch, the control ventilation made ambient humidity reduce to 70%-75%, lasts till always that conidial powder is gathered to finish; 12 noon lid furrow top film is collected conidial powder during afternoon 1 o'clock to 5 o'clock, after at 6 in evening, opens a side of caping film, suitably ventilates.
7. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that Ganderma lucidum bag Bag Material prescription is a weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2%, gypsum 1.8%, water content 65%.
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| CN102318504A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-01-18 | 四川农业大学 | Method for collecting spore powder by cultivating ganoderma with layered rack type stereoscopic bag material |
| CN102428831A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-05-02 | 成都荣保生物科技开发有限公司 | New strain of ganoderma lucidum in ganoderma |
| CN102550298A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-11 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Cultured Ganoderma yunnanense fruiting bodies and culture method thereof |
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| CN102428831A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-05-02 | 成都荣保生物科技开发有限公司 | New strain of ganoderma lucidum in ganoderma |
| CN102550298A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-11 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Cultured Ganoderma yunnanense fruiting bodies and culture method thereof |
| CN103563644B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2015-11-25 | 黄艳芳 | The cultivation method of a kind of large red glossy ganoderma |
| CN103563644A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-12 | 黄艳芳 | Cultivation method of large Ganoderma lucidum |
| CN102812853B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2017-08-08 | 金华市益康真菌研究发展有限公司 | Ganoderma lucidum and its imitative wild cultivation collection method of conidia powder |
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| CN102812853A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-12 | 吴晓明 | Wild imitating culture collection method for lucid ganoderma and lucid ganoderma conidial powder |
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| CN113796262A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-17 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum with high ganoderma lucidum spore powder yield |
| CN113796262B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-06-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum with high ganoderma lucidum spore powder yield |
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