CN101903736A - 用于使水脱落的热交换器 - Google Patents

用于使水脱落的热交换器 Download PDF

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CN101903736A
CN101903736A CN2007801019840A CN200780101984A CN101903736A CN 101903736 A CN101903736 A CN 101903736A CN 2007801019840 A CN2007801019840 A CN 2007801019840A CN 200780101984 A CN200780101984 A CN 200780101984A CN 101903736 A CN101903736 A CN 101903736A
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pipes
heat exchanger
collector
pipe
plate fin
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A·C·柯克伍德
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05383Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02Evaporators
    • F25B39/022Evaporators with plate-like or laminated elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325Fins with openings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D2001/0253Particular components
    • F28D2001/026Cores
    • F28D2001/0266Particular core assemblies, e.g. having different orientations or having different geometric features
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2260/00Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures
    • F28F2260/02Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures having microchannels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

微通道热交换器包括两个集管和在集管之间延伸的管。每个管具有拉长横截面,该横截面具有第一端和相对的第二端。在一实例中,每个管是成角度的使得限定于每个管的端部之间的线相对于水平面成角度。由于管是成角度的,聚集在管上的水被引导远离管。在另一实例中,板翅片引导水远离管。板翅片包括开口,且包括平行竖直槽的百叶窗位于所述开口的每一个之间。每个管过盈配合于板翅片的开口之一中,将百叶窗定位于每个管之间。

Description

用于使水脱落的热交换器
技术领域
本发明大体而言涉及微通道热交换器,其改进水从管表面的脱落。
背景技术
微通道热交换器(MCHX)可用作制冷系统中的冷凝器。微通道热交换器包括在两个竖直集管之间延伸的水平管,水平管具有平坦表面。管的平坦表面基本上是水平的,且水没有从翅片有效地脱落。水停留在管上,降低了传热性能,造成压降增加,且在结霜条件下允许冰逐渐累积。因为该原因,微通道热交换器并未广泛地用作蒸发器或者热泵的室外盘管。
在另一现有微通道热交换器中,管竖直定向以防止水在管上聚集。形成的任何冷凝液通过微通道热交换器的翅片中的百叶窗逐渐流出。但是,这并非最佳的,因为百叶窗被水阻挡,降低了传热性能。此外,对于住宅热泵应用,水平集管的长度可为八英尺长且必须弯曲数次以配合到底盘内。这会造成制造难度和可靠性问题且比竖直集管/水平管配置更昂贵。
发明内容
热交换器包括两个集管和在集管之间延伸的管。通道限定于每个所述管中。制冷剂通过管通道流动,且在管上传递的空气与制冷剂进行热交换。在一实例中,热交换器是微通道蒸发器。每个管具有垂直于管长度截取的拉长横截面,管的横截面具有第一端和相对的第二端。
在一实例中,每个管相对于水平面成角度使得限定于每个管端部之间的线相对于水平面成角度。由于管成角度,聚集在管上的水被引导远离管。
在另一实例中,板翅片引导水远离管。板翅片包括开口,且包括平行竖直槽的百叶窗位于每个开口之间。每个管过盈装配于板翅片的开口之一中,将百叶窗定位于所述管的每一个之间。
通过下文的说明书和附图,本发明的这些和其它特点将会变得更好理解。
附图说明
对于本领域技术人员而言,通过目前优选实施例的下文的详细描述,本发明的各种特点和优点将会变得显而易见。伴随具体实施方式的附图可简要地描述如下:
图1示出现有技术制冷系统;
图2示出微通道热交换器;
图3示出微通道热交换器的管的横截面;
图4示出微通道热交换器的集管;
图5示出微通道热交换器的板翅片;
图6示出图5的板翅片的一部分的横截面图,示出百叶窗和v形通道;
图7示出微通道热交换器的替代板翅片;
图8示出微通道热交换器的横截面图;以及
图9示出微通道热交换器的另一配置的横截面图。
具体实施方式
图1示出制冷系统20,制冷系统20包括压缩机22、第一热交换器24、膨胀装置26和第二热交换器28。制冷剂通过闭合回路制冷系统20循环。
当制冷系统20以冷却模式操作时,制冷剂22以高压和高焓离开压缩机22且流过第一热交换器24,第一热交换器24充当冷凝器。在第一热交换器24中,制冷剂向空气放热且冷凝成液体,液体以低焓和高压离开第一热交换器24。风机30引导空气通过第一热交换器24。然后,被冷却的制冷剂通过膨胀装置26,将制冷剂膨胀到低压。在膨胀之后,制冷剂流过第二热交换器28,第二热交换器28充当蒸发器。在第二热交换器28中,制冷剂从空气接受热,以高焓和低压离开第二热交换器28。风机32吹送空气通过第二热交换器28。制冷剂然后流动到压缩机22,完成该循环。
当制冷系统20以加热模式操作时,利用四通阀34使制冷剂流动反向。第一热交换器24从空气接受热且充当蒸发器,且第二热交换器28向空气放热且充当冷凝器。
热交换器24和28是微通道热交换器38。微通道热交换器38是用于微型装置或汽车空调的制冷系统20的部分。
图2示出微通道热交换器38。微通道热交换器38包括两个集管40和42和具有长度的管44,两个集管40和42沿着轴线Y延伸,管44沿着轴线X在两个集管40与42之间延伸。管44包括通道或开口46(在图3中示出)。集管40和42基本上是竖直的,且管44在集管40与42之间基本上水平地延伸。制冷剂通过管44流动且与在管44上流动的空气进行热交换。开口46可基本上为圆形、矩形或者具有任何形状或几何形状。
在一实例中,如图3所示,垂直于轴线X截取的管44的横截面具有拉长形状,诸如矩形或椭圆形。举例而言,管44可包括带有平坦部分的外表面36。每个管44包括第一端48和相对的第二端50且线A在端部48与50之间延伸。
限定于管44的端部48与50之间的线A相对于水平面以角度B0延伸。第一端48距地面G的距离为S,且相对的第二端50距地面G的距离为R。即,第一端48距地面G比相对的第二端50距地面G远(第一端48高于第二端50)。管44最佳地成角度以平衡脱落水与空气侧压降的竞争效应。
图4示出集管40。尽管仅图示和描述了集管40,集管42也包括相同特点。管44沿着轴线X延伸到页面内和从页面延伸出来。
图5示出包括C形管箍54的板翅片52,每个C形管箍54限定开口64。管箍54形成不同应用所需的各种不同翅片密度。管箍54包括V形通道68(在图6中示出),其包围并限定开口64。开口64和管箍54相对于水平面以角度B°延伸。
板翅片52包括沿着轴线Y延伸的第一边缘70与第二边缘72。第一边缘70是连续的,而第二边缘72由开口64中断。拉长表面74限定于第一边缘70与开口64之间。在一实例中,拉长表面74位于侧部70上靠近管44的第二端50(管44的下端)。
板翅片52还包括至少一个百叶窗56,百叶窗56具有平行槽58。在一实例中,平行槽58是竖直的且沿着轴线Y延伸。百叶窗56位于开口64的每一个之间且相对于水平面以角度B°延伸。即,百叶窗56和开口64沿着轴线Y交替。
在图7所示的板翅片52的另一实例中,第二边缘72是连续的且未被开口64中断。在此实例中,板翅片52的材料完全包围开口64,且管箍54可具有椭圆形或矩形的形状。管44穿入开口64且以过盈配合接纳于开口64中,然后,管44被钎焊到板翅片52上。
在图8和图9所示的实例中,百叶窗56相对于第一边缘70向上延伸。在图8所示的另一实例中,百叶窗56相对于第一边缘70向下延伸。
每个管44以过盈配合接纳于板翅片52的开口64之一中,将百叶窗56定位于相邻管44之间以改进传热。然后板翅片52钎焊到管44上。
随着制冷剂通过管44中的开口46流动,其与在管44上流动的空气进行热交换。如果制冷剂从空气接受热,微通道热交换器38则充当蒸发器,且冷凝液可形成于管44的表面上。当管44相对于水平面成角度时,水从管44脱落且并不在管44上聚集。管箍54和v形通道68允许水朝向第一边缘70且然后沿着拉长表面74向下朝向微通道热交换器38的底部流动。平行槽58也向下引导水。从管44的表面脱落水或冷凝液提高了热性能,并不造成压降增加,且防止冰聚集。
前文的描述只是本发明原理的示范性说明。鉴于前文的教导内容,能对本发明做出许多修改和变化。但公开了本发明的优选实施例使得本领域技术人员将认识到某些修改将会落入本发明范围内。因此应了解在所附权利要求书的范围内,可以与本文的具体描述不同的方式实践本发明。因为该原因,应研究下文的权利要求书以确定本发明的真实范围和内容。

Claims (13)

1.一种热交换器,其包括:
第一集管与第二集管;以及,
在所述第一集管与所述第二集管之间沿着轴线延伸的多个管,其中所述多个管的每一个具有基本上垂直于所述轴线截取的拉长横截面,第一端和相对的第二端,且所述多个管的每一个相对于水平面成角度使得所述第一端高于所述相对的第二端。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器,其中,所述热交换器是蒸发器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器,其中,所述热交换器是微通道热交换器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器,其中,所述多个管的每一个包括具有平坦部分的外表面。
5.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器,其中,所述第一集管与所述第二集管基本上竖直,所述多个管的每一个基本上是水平的,制冷剂通过所述多个管中的多个通道流动,且空气沿基本上垂直于所述制冷剂通过所述多个管的流动的方向在所述多个管上流动。
6.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器,其还包括板翅片,所述板翅片包括多个管箍,每个所述管箍限定开口,且所述多个管的每一个接纳于所述多个开口之一中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的热交换器,其中,所述板翅片包括位于所述多个开口的每一个之间的百叶窗,所述百叶窗的每一个位于所述多个管的两个管之间,且所述百叶窗的每一个包括多个平行竖直槽。
8.根据权利要求6所述的热交换器,其中,所述多个管箍的每一个包括v形通道,所述v形通道包围所述多个开口的每一个。
9.一种制冷系统,其包括:
压缩机,其用于压缩制冷剂;
冷凝器,其用于冷却制冷剂;
膨胀装置,其用于使所述制冷剂膨胀;以及
蒸发器,其用于加热所述制冷剂,
其中,所述蒸发器包括第一集管和第二集管以及在所述第一集管与第二集管之间沿着轴线延伸的多个管,所述多个管的每一个具有基本上垂直于所述轴线截取的拉长横截面,第一端和相对的第二端,所述多个管的每一个相对于水平面成角度使得所述第一端高于相对的第二端。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制冷系统,其中,所述多个管的每一个管包括具有平坦部分的外表面。
11.根据权利要求9所述的制冷系统,其中,所述第一集管与所述第二集管基本上是竖直的,所述多个管的每一个基本上是水平的,制冷剂通过所述多个管中的多个通道流动,且空气沿着垂直于所述制冷剂通过所述多个管的流动的方向在所述多个管上流动。
12.根据权利要求9所述的制冷系统,其还包括板翅片,所述板翅片包括多个管箍,每个所述管箍限定开口,且所述多个管的每一个接纳于所述多个开口之一中。
13.根据权利要求9所述的制冷系统,其中,所述板翅片包括位于所述多个开口的每一个之间的百叶窗,所述百叶窗的每一个位于所述多个管的两个管之间,且所述百叶窗的每一个包括多个平行竖直槽。
CN2007801019840A 2007-12-18 2007-12-18 用于使水脱落的热交换器 Pending CN101903736A (zh)

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EP2235467A4 (en) 2013-10-23

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