CN101861795A - Method for promoting propagation of tricholoma matsutake artificially - Google Patents
Method for promoting propagation of tricholoma matsutake artificially Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for promoting the propagation of tricholoma matsutake artificially and belongs to the technical field of edible fungus germplasm resource protection and utilization, in particular to innovative technology which is used for realizing stable and high yield of the tricholoma matsutake by using 'tricholoma matsutake mountain' forestry management and adopting manual propagation promoting measures in a special environment needed for growing the tricholoma matsutake in order to improve the fact that the artificial culture of the tricholoma matsutake by using purely cultured stains is a goal difficult to fulfill for a long time. The technical scheme of the invention mainly comprises propagation promoting technology using tricholoma matsutake spores, mycorrhizae and hyphae as propagation materials, forestry management tricholoma matsutake propagation promoting technology and fungus shiro artificial tricholoma matsutake propagation promoting technology. The method not only is a tricholoma matsutake native area conservation and propagation promoting measure, but also can protect the shiro, promote the sound growth of the shiro and promote the yield and quality of tricholoma matsutake.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is specifically at adopting the pure culture bacterial classification for a long time, realize that the matsutake artificial cultivation is a kind of fact of the target that is difficult to realize, in conjunction with the required particular surroundings of matsutake growth, by " fine and soft mountain " forest land being managed and being taked the artificial propagation promoting measure to realize the innovative technology of matsutake stable and high yields.Belong to the protection of resources of edible mushroom germplasm and utilize technical field.
Background technology
Matsutake Tricholoma matsutake Sing. is one of world-renowned wild edible fungus.The matsutake of Yunnan outlet has in recent years accounted for staple market, the world---more than 60% of Japanese market sales volume, year outlet matsutake is earned foreign exchange and is reached more than 4,000 ten thousand dollars, reaches 5,361 ten thousand dollars in 2004, and export volume is 1280.85 tons, 973.5 tons of wherein bright matsutakes, 307.35 tons in matsutake goods.According to investigations, Deqin County and Xianggelila country peasant economy income derives from matsutake more than 60%.The continuing of matsutake industry, develop in a healthy way will shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity for hill farmer, the stable of the development of rural economy of minority area, borderland, society provide important economic guarantee.
The domestication of the matsutake in century more than studies show that, directly adopt the pure culture bacterial classification to realize that the matsutake artificial cultivation is a kind of target that is difficult to realize, but by to " fine and soft mountain " forest land management with take the artificial propagation promoting measure can make the matsutake stable and high yields, and then promote Yunnan Province's matsutake industry to continue, develop in a healthy way.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that exists in the existing matsutake production process, solving adopts the pure culture bacterial classification to carry out the fact that the matsutake artificial cultivation is difficult to realize for a long time, in conjunction with the required particular surroundings of matsutake growth, invent a kind of novel promoting propagation of tricholoma matsutake artificially method.
The technical scheme of promoting propagation of tricholoma matsutake artificially method of the present invention is:
1) with matsutake spore, mycorhiza, mycelia be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
(A), bright lamella stripping and slicing direct sowing method
The bright Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore that selects maturity 8-9 to become, remove stem and bacterial context, smash to pieces with fruit juice mixer, mix with the humus soil after the filtration of 5 mesh sieves, select the intensive place of pinus yunnanensis young root, it is dark that the sharpening waddy is pricked hole 10-15cm, drops into the humus soil that mixes, build covering, about 900ml-1000ml that waters on hand gets final product; Perhaps
(B) bright mushroom entity directly launches the spore method
The Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore that maturity 7-8 is become is transplanted to the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake in the good pinus yunnanensis of cleaning, cuckoo, the oak sample ground, treat that spore launches 3 days after, about 900ml-1000ml that waters builds covering to get final product; Perhaps
(C) mycorhiza grafting
Getting the degree of depth below the Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore nidus is that 10-15cm bacterium pool mycorhiza uses as bacterial classification; Suitable plot dig same volume shape cultivation hole with its implantation and with pinus yunnanensis, cuckoo, oak sample ground in the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake closely contact, about 900ml-1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product; Perhaps
(D) artificial hypha's cultivation
With the matsutake mycelia of pure culture, after fermentation, infect the advantage associated tree species of matsutake in the sample ground such as handling pinus yunnanensis, cuckoo, oak, about 900ml-1000ml that waters builds covering to get final product;
2) forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, above it with ready-made bamboo chip or branch two ends insert in the soil, cover film on bamboo chip or the branch, on every side tight and form the shed of the about 25-40cm of height with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil;
3) the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Described matsutake is Tricholoma matsutake (S.Ito et S.Imai) Singer.
Described vegetable oil processing is meant vegetable oil evenly is sprayed in the existing bacterium pool.
Described vegetable oil is meant the Huashan pine vegetable oil.
The present invention compared with prior art, its advantage and good effect show: not only overcome effectively exist in the matsutake production, adopt the pure culture bacterial classification to carry out the fact that the matsutake artificial cultivation is a kind of target that is difficult to realize for a long time, change matsutake production and relied on the present situation of nature fully, but also realized the stable and high yields and the high-quality of matsutake product.Simultaneously, the ecotope that the present invention has also protected matsutake germ plasm resource effectively and relied on is for the sustainable development that has realized matsutake production provides a valid approach.
Embodiment:
The method concrete steps of promoting propagation of tricholoma matsutake artificially of the present invention are:
1, with matsutake spore, mycorhiza, mycelia is the short propagating technology of propagating materials: can be the short propagating technology of propagating materials to select one of following four kinds of modes to carry out with matsutake spore, mycorhiza, mycelia
A) bright lamella stripping and slicing direct sowing method
The bright Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore that selects maturity 8-9 to become, remove stem and bacterial context, smash to pieces with fruit juice mixer, mix with the humus soil after the filtration of 5 mesh sieves, select the intensive place of pinus yunnanensis young root, it is dark that the sharpening waddy is pricked hole 10-15cm, drops into the humus soil that mixes, build covering, about 1000ml that waters on hand gets final product.Perhaps
B) bright mushroom entity directly launches the spore method
The Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore that maturity 7-8 is become is transplanted to the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake in the sample ground such as the good pinus yunnanensis of cleaning, cuckoo, oak, treat that spore launches 3 days after, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.Perhaps
C) mycorhiza grafting
Getting the degree of depth below the Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore nidus is that 10-15cm bacterium pool mycorhiza uses as bacterial classification.Suitable plot dig same volume shape cultivation hole with its implantation and with sample ground such as pinus yunnanensis, cuckoo, oak in the excellent associated tree species root of matsutake closely contact, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.Perhaps
D) artificial hypha's cultivation
With the matsutake mycelia of pure culture, after fermentation, infect the advantage associated tree species of matsutake in the sample ground such as handling pinus yunnanensis, cuckoo, oak, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, above it with ready-made bamboo chip or branch two ends insert in the soil, cover film on bamboo chip or the branch, on every side tight and form the shed of the about 25-40cm of height with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 1
1, with the matsutake spore be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
Bright lamella stripping and slicing direct sowing method
Select the bright Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore of 8 one-tenth of maturity, remove stem and bacterial context, smash to pieces with fruit juice mixer, mix with the humus soil after the filtration of 5 mesh sieves, select the intensive place of pinus yunnanensis young root, it is dark that the sharpening waddy is pricked hole 10cm, drops into the humus soil that mixes, build covering, about 1000ml that waters on hand gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding to be unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the bamboo chip with ready-made bamboo chip two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high 25cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 2
1, with the matsutake spore be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
Bright lamella stripping and slicing direct sowing method
Select the bright Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore of 9 one-tenth of maturity, remove stem and bacterial context, smash to pieces with fruit juice mixer, mix with the humus soil after the filtration of 5 mesh sieves, select the intensive place of pinus yunnanensis young root, it is dark that the sharpening waddy is pricked hole 15cm, drops into the humus soil that mixes, build covering, about 1000ml that waters on hand gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the branch with ready-made branch two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high 40cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 3
1, with the matsutake spore be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
Bright mushroom entity directly launches the spore method
The Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore of 7 one-tenth of maturity is transplanted to the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake in the good pinus yunnanensis sample ground of cleaning, treat that spore launches 3 days after, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the bamboo chip with ready-made bamboo chip two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high 25cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 4
1, with the matsutake spore be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
Bright mushroom entity directly launches the spore method
The Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore of 8 one-tenth of maturity is transplanted to the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake in the good cuckoo sample ground of cleaning, treat that spore launches 3 days after, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the branch with ready-made branch two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high 40cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 5
1, with the matsutake spore be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
Bright mushroom entity directly launches the spore method
The Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore of 8 one-tenth of maturity is transplanted to the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake in the good oak sample ground of cleaning, treat that spore launches 3 days after, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the branch with ready-made branch two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high 25cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 6
1, with the matsutake mycorhiza be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
The mycorhiza grafting
Getting the degree of depth below the Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore nidus is that 10cm bacterium pool mycorhiza uses as bacterial classification.Suitable plot dig same volume shape cultivation hole with its implantation and with pinus yunnanensis sample ground in the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake closely contact, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the bamboo chip with ready-made bamboo chip two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high 25cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 7
1, with the matsutake mycorhiza be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
The mycorhiza grafting
Getting the degree of depth below the Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore nidus is that 15cm bacterium pool mycorhiza uses as bacterial classification.Suitable plot dig same volume shape cultivation hole with its implantation and with cuckoo sample ground in the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake closely contact, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the branch with ready-made branch two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high 25cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 8
1, with the matsutake mycorhiza be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
The mycorhiza grafting
Getting the degree of depth below the Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore nidus is that 15cm bacterium pool mycorhiza uses as bacterial classification.Suitable plot dig same volume shape cultivation hole with its implantation and with oak sample ground in the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake closely contact, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the bamboo chip with ready-made bamboo chip two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high 40cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 9
1, with the matsutake mycelia be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
Artificial hypha's cultivation
With the matsutake mycelia of pure culture, after fermentation, infect the advantage associated tree species of handling matsutake in the pinus yunnanensis sample ground, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler that discovery just has been unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the bamboo chip with ready-made bamboo chip two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high about 25cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 10
1, with the matsutake mycelia be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
Artificial hypha's cultivation
With the matsutake mycelia of pure culture, after fermentation, infect the advantage associated tree species of handling matsutake in the oak sample ground, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the branch with ready-made branch two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high 40cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Embodiment 11
1, with the matsutake mycelia be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
Artificial hypha's cultivation
With the matsutake mycelia of pure culture, after fermentation, infect the advantage associated tree species of handling matsutake in the cuckoo sample ground, about 1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product.
2, forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler that discovery just has been unearthed, at first, insert cover film in the soil, on the bamboo chip with ready-made bamboo chip two ends above it, on every side at the shed that sternly forms high about 25cm with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil.
3, the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
Claims (4)
1. the method for a promoting propagation of tricholoma matsutake artificially is characterized in that
1) with matsutake spore, mycorhiza, mycelia be the short propagating technology of propagating materials:
(A), bright lamella stripping and slicing direct sowing method
The bright Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore that selects maturity 8-9 to become, remove stem and bacterial context, smash to pieces with fruit juice mixer, mix with the humus soil after the filtration of 5 mesh sieves, select the intensive place of pinus yunnanensis young root, it is dark that the sharpening waddy is pricked hole 10-15cm, drops into the humus soil that mixes, build covering, about 900ml-1000ml that waters on hand gets final product; Perhaps
(B) bright mushroom entity directly launches the spore method
The Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore that maturity 7-8 is become is transplanted to the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake in the good pinus yunnanensis of cleaning, cuckoo, the oak sample ground, treat that spore launches 3 days after, about 900ml-1000ml that waters builds covering to get final product; Perhaps
(C) mycorhiza grafting
Getting the degree of depth below the Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore nidus is that 10-15cm bacterium pool mycorhiza uses as bacterial classification; Suitable plot dig same volume shape cultivation hole with its implantation and with pinus yunnanensis, cuckoo, oak sample ground in the advantage associated tree species root of matsutake closely contact, about 900ml-1000ml that waters builds covering and gets final product; Perhaps
(D) artificial hypha's cultivation
With the matsutake mycelia of pure culture, after fermentation, infect the advantage associated tree species of matsutake in the sample ground such as handling pinus yunnanensis, cuckoo, oak, about 900ml-1000ml that waters builds covering to get final product;
2) forest land management velvet promotion technology
After the young young pilose antler of finding just to be unearthed, at first, above it with ready-made bamboo chip or branch two ends insert in the soil, cover film on bamboo chip or the branch, on every side tight and form the shed of the about 25-40cm of height with the detritus soil pressure; Secondly, with the fine and soft covering of children, promote young fine and soft the growth, and increase covering gradually, water with sporophore growth with near " fine and soft mountain " fruiting soil, husky earth or detritus soil;
3) the artificial velvet promotion technology in the bacterium pool
Handle respectively at the vegetable oil that annual December, March, May, June are carried out concentration 100ppm to the existing bacterium pool.
2. the method for promoting propagation of tricholoma matsutake artificially according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described matsutake is Tricholoma matsutake (S.Ito et S.Imai) Singer.
3. the method for promoting propagation of tricholoma matsutake artificially according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described vegetable oil is handled and is meant vegetable oil evenly is sprayed in the existing bacterium pool.
4. the method for promoting propagation of tricholoma matsutake artificially according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vegetable oil is meant the Huashan pine vegetable oil.
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| CN105359836A (en) * | 2015-12-05 | 2016-03-02 | 刘晓红 | Wild-tricholoma-matsutake emerging induction method implemented in artificial cultivation process |
| CN106069193A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-09 | 何建清 | A kind of method that Tricholoma matsutake sporophore is isolated and purified |
| CN106900350A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-30 | 吉林省欢起农业科技有限公司 | A kind of artificial cultivation matsutake high yield method |
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