CN101861403A - 通过激光射线硬化钢活塞的环形槽槽肋的方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/10—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass pistons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种通过激光射线(3)硬化钢活塞(5)的环形槽(11)槽肋的方法，其中首先将含氧过程气体引导至钢活塞(5)的槽肋(10)，并将钢活塞(5)置于旋转中。在此用激光(3)照射槽肋(10)，直至槽肋(10)上形成氧化层。接着关闭过程气体供应并轨道式地加热和硬化槽肋(10)。一方面，通过槽肋的氧化层槽肋的热耦合度得到改善，其促使槽肋快速的加热和硬化。另一方面由此降低了槽肋的反射率，以至只有少量光从槽肋反射至槽的其他区域，以便这些区域不会被非预期地加热和硬化。
Description
技术领域
根据权利要求1的前述部分，本发明涉及一种硬化钢活塞的环形槽槽肋的方法。
背景技术
从公开文献DE 103 37 962 A1已知激光硬化钢活塞的环形槽槽肋的方法，其中，为达到适用于硬化的激光射线能量的吸收度，使用波长小于5μm的激光射线，该射线还要必须以足够大的入射角度对准待硬化的槽。在此缺点是，可生成波长小于5μm的激光射线的激光光源的选择性很少。此外，相对于环形槽的几何尺寸来调节激光光源限制了足够大的入射角的选择，也就是说受到面对于待硬化槽肋的槽肋的限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于避免现有技术的缺陷。凭借独立权利要求所述的特征实现了该目的。本发明的适宜的设计方案见从属权利要求。
根据本发明用氧化铁将待硬化的钢活塞的槽肋面染色，通过这个措施大幅提高了其热耦合度
并降低了其反射率，以至于激光射线不依赖于其波长可以以任意的入射角照射待硬化的槽肋面。
附图说明
凭借附图在下面描述了本发明的实施例。附图示出了，
图1用于激光硬化钢活塞环形槽的肋的装置和
图2钢活塞环形槽的放大视图，其下肋通过激光得到硬化。
附图标记
α入射角
1固定装置
2激光光源
3，3’激光射线
4气体喷嘴
5活塞，钢活塞
6转盘
7基座
8气管
9三角架
10下肋，槽肋
11上环形槽
12夹托
13活塞轴
14槽底
具体实施方式
图1示出了固定在固定装置1上的激光光源2，如图2放大示出，其将激光射线3射到内燃机钢活塞5的环形槽11的下肋10上，其中为压缩环(未在图中示出)设置了环形槽11。钢活塞5通过夹托12在转盘6上围绕转轴13旋转设置，其中转盘6在基座7上与电驱动装置(在图中未示出)固定在一起，从中该转盘以电力驱动而置于旋转中。
另外在固定装置1和三角架9上固定了气管8，其中通过喷嘴4将过程气体引至上环形槽11方向，其用过程气体包围了应当被激光硬化下肋10的区域。
作为光源2可以使用例如二极管激光或者Nd:YAG激光。在此，在本发明的前述实施例中为压缩环将环形槽11的下肋10硬化，这是因为这个肋在发动机驱动当中通过压缩环承载了增大的压力。然而以根据本发明的方法可以硬化钢活塞5的每个机械高承载表面。
在此，通过转盘6置于转动的钢活塞5的环形槽11的下表面10被激光射线3无燃烧污渍轨道式地加热。在此是不需要硬化过程中需冷却加热轨道的冷却剂，这是因为在加热轨道和毗邻的活塞材料(钢)之间存在非常快的温度平衡，其自身冷缩，该冷缩促使下槽肋10的良好硬化。
在硬化过程中通过气体喷嘴4将过程气体引至下槽肋10，该气体由氩气和氧气，由氮气和氧气，或者由氩气、氮气和氧气的混合物构成。在众多的实验当中用1％氧气和99％氮气构成的过程气体混合物得到了好的结果。
该过程气体在此作用在于，被激光射线3照射的槽肋表面通过生成氧化物被染色，其中生成氧化铁(Fe2O3)。因此在激光照射表面存在有热耦合度的改善，其中加速了表面加热并从而改善了激光效率。另一方面，用氧化铁将槽肋面染色降低了该面的反射率，由此被槽肋10反射且在图2中用点画出的激光射线3’的强度被大幅降低，从而被其照射到的槽底14不足以加热至硬化。槽底14以及槽肋10和槽底14之间的边的硬化是不理想的，这是因为这个区域的硬化降低了钢活塞材料在这个区域的基底韧性，以至于在发动机运行中会形成裂缝。
根据本发明的方法将槽肋10硬化，还有另外的优点，即由槽肋10和激光射线3构成的入射角α任意可选并被如此选择，即为最佳的硬度效果最佳化地调整硬度涉入区域的大小。
Claims (5)
1.一种用激光射线(3)硬化围绕其活塞轴(13)转动设置的钢活塞(5)的环形槽(11)槽肋的方法，其中所述激光(3)对准槽肋(10)而钢活塞(5)围绕活塞轴(13)置于旋转中，其特征在于下述方法步骤：
-将含氧过程气体引导至钢活塞(5)的槽肋(10)，
-将钢活塞(5)置于旋转中，
-用激光(3)照射被过程气体包围的槽肋(10)，直至槽肋(10)上形成氧化层，
-关闭过程气体供应，
-用激光射线(3)轨道式地加热和硬化槽肋(10)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，使用氩气和氧气的混合物作为过程气体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，使用氮气和氧气的混合物作为过程气体。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，使用氮气、氩气和氧气的混合物作为过程气体。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述过程气体中混入了约1％的氧气。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007054736A DE102007054736A1 (de) | 2007-11-16 | 2007-11-16 | Verfahren zum Härten von Nutflanken der Ringnut eines Stahlkolbens |
| DE102007054736.8 | 2007-11-16 | ||
| PCT/DE2008/001869 WO2009062486A1 (de) | 2007-11-16 | 2008-11-13 | Verfahren zum härten von nutflanken der ringnut eines stahlkolbens mittels eines laserstrahls |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101861403A true CN101861403A (zh) | 2010-10-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200880116312A Pending CN101861403A (zh) | 2007-11-16 | 2008-11-13 | 通过激光射线硬化钢活塞的环形槽槽肋的方法 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090139610A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2217733B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2011504568A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20100087186A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101861403A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0819334A2 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE102007054736A1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2009062486A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103249846A (zh) * | 2010-11-05 | 2013-08-14 | 多玛两合有限公司 | 门驱动器和闭门器的壳体和结构部件的紫外激光暴露 |
| CN103934553A (zh) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-23 | 南通迪施有限公司 | 钢质活塞环槽加焊铬合金工艺 |
| CN106256755A (zh) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-28 | 强哲菲 | 用于活塞加工生产线的转运叉车及活塞加工生产线 |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140261283A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-18 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Piston and method of making a piston |
| JP2016079473A (ja) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-05-16 | 住友電工焼結合金株式会社 | レーザ焼入れ方法 |
| CN109593919B (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-04-17 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | 基于分布式三维光束扫描的轴承表面激光淬火装置及方法 |
| DE102019133522B4 (de) * | 2019-12-09 | 2023-04-20 | Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor und Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
| CN115612973A (zh) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-01-17 | 上海大陆天瑞激光表面工程有限公司 | 钢铁材料表面氧化膜的激光高温闪速形成方法 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4857699A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1989-08-15 | Duley Walter W | Means of enhancing laser processing efficiency of metals |
| US4877939A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1989-10-31 | Duley Walter W | Means of enhancing laser processing efficiency of metals |
| US4972061A (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1990-11-20 | Duley Walter W | Laser surface treatment |
| JPH02104612A (ja) * | 1988-10-12 | 1990-04-17 | Toshiba Corp | レーザ焼入れ方法 |
| JPH04276011A (ja) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-10-01 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | レーザ加工方法 |
| DE4434591A1 (de) * | 1994-09-28 | 1996-04-04 | Dirk Schlebeck | Verfahren zum Härten von Eisenwerkstoffen mittels Laser |
| US5515770A (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 1996-05-14 | Clark Industries, Inc. | Piston having laser hardened primary compression ring groove and method of making same |
| DE19508584C1 (de) * | 1995-03-13 | 1996-02-08 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung des Absorptionsgrades beim Oberflächen-Festphasenhärten von Werkstücken mittels Laserstrahlung |
| JPH107478A (ja) * | 1996-06-20 | 1998-01-13 | Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd | 窒化アルミニウム基板のメタライズ方法、窒化アルミニウム基板 |
| JPH116890A (ja) * | 1997-06-17 | 1999-01-12 | Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel Co Ltd | 被覆管のレーザマーキング方法 |
| DE19918808A1 (de) * | 1999-04-26 | 2000-11-02 | Mahle Gmbh | Verfahren zum Härten von Ringnuten mit Laserstrahlen |
| JP2001085435A (ja) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-03-30 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 |
| DE10337962B4 (de) | 2003-08-19 | 2012-04-26 | Mahle Gmbh | Verfahren zum Härten der Nutflächen, insbesondere der Nutflanken der Ringnuten eines Stahlkolbens |
| US8297179B2 (en) * | 2006-06-03 | 2012-10-30 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Process for hardening an annular groove of a piston head by means of laser beams and a piston produced by the process |
-
2007
- 2007-11-16 DE DE102007054736A patent/DE102007054736A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-11-13 CN CN200880116312A patent/CN101861403A/zh active Pending
- 2008-11-13 US US12/291,735 patent/US20090139610A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-11-13 JP JP2010533429A patent/JP2011504568A/ja active Pending
- 2008-11-13 KR KR1020107011583A patent/KR20100087186A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-11-13 WO PCT/DE2008/001869 patent/WO2009062486A1/de active Application Filing
- 2008-11-13 BR BRPI0819334 patent/BRPI0819334A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-11-13 EP EP08849329.1A patent/EP2217733B1/de not_active Revoked
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103249846A (zh) * | 2010-11-05 | 2013-08-14 | 多玛两合有限公司 | 门驱动器和闭门器的壳体和结构部件的紫外激光暴露 |
| CN103934553A (zh) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-23 | 南通迪施有限公司 | 钢质活塞环槽加焊铬合金工艺 |
| CN103934553B (zh) * | 2014-04-29 | 2016-08-17 | 南通迪施有限公司 | 钢质活塞环槽加焊铬合金工艺 |
| CN106256755A (zh) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-28 | 强哲菲 | 用于活塞加工生产线的转运叉车及活塞加工生产线 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2217733A1 (de) | 2010-08-18 |
| WO2009062486A1 (de) | 2009-05-22 |
| BRPI0819334A2 (pt) | 2015-05-12 |
| KR20100087186A (ko) | 2010-08-03 |
| JP2011504568A (ja) | 2011-02-10 |
| US20090139610A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
| EP2217733B1 (de) | 2016-11-02 |
| DE102007054736A1 (de) | 2009-05-20 |
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