CN101855068A - 改进的结构夹层板板格及其制造方法 - Google Patents

改进的结构夹层板板格及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN101855068A
CN101855068A CN200980100947A CN200980100947A CN101855068A CN 101855068 A CN101855068 A CN 101855068A CN 200980100947 A CN200980100947 A CN 200980100947A CN 200980100947 A CN200980100947 A CN 200980100947A CN 101855068 A CN101855068 A CN 101855068A
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pipeline
metallic plate
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pipe
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欧列格·苏库沃伊
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Intelligent Engineering Bahamas Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/06Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14Hull parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14Hull parts
    • B63B3/68Panellings; Linings, e.g. for insulating purposes
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/292Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/521Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
    • E04C2/525Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling for heating or cooling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • F24D13/022Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/12Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating
    • F24D3/14Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating incorporated in a ceiling, wall or floor
    • F24D3/141Tube mountings specially adapted therefor
    • F24D3/142Tube mountings specially adapted therefor integrated in prefab construction elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00General constructional features
    • F25D23/06Walls
    • F25D23/061Walls with conduit means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00General constructional features
    • F25D23/06Walls
    • F25D23/062Walls defining a cabinet
    • F25D23/063Walls defining a cabinet formed by an assembly of panels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/22Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/067Details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/02Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种结构夹层板构件,包括第一和第二外金属板以及塑料或聚合物材料的芯,所述芯被粘接至所述外金属板并且被布置成在所述金属板之间传递剪力,其中,所述构件还包括:用于温度控制介质的管道,该管道被嵌入在所述芯中并且与所述外金属板中的至少一个热接触。

Description

改进的结构夹层板板格及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及结构用夹层板格,特别用于船、离岸的结构和建筑物。
背景技术
航海应用对HVAC系统具有高的要求,以使不管船运行于什么气候带中都提供高度的室内气候。最常用的是强制对流空调系统,该系统通过供应冷空气或热空气来控制室内温度。各种特制的风扇、管线和空气运动装置、具有自动化和控制系统的空气处理单元被安装在船舶和平台上的空间中,以提供满足所要求的标准的室内气候,例如参照BS EN ISO 7730:1995,“Moderate thermalenvironments.Determination of the PMV and PPD indices and specification of theconditions for thermal comfort(中等热环境,PMV和PPD指数的确定及热舒适条件的规定)”。这样的系统在材料、安装所需的工作以及节约可利用的可用空间方面的成本高。举例而言,长223米、高60米、具有16层以及供给2750位游客的房间的游船可能需要60个空气处理单元,大约80km的管线、大约15000个配件以及数千个空气终端装置和空气阀门。
在岸上的建筑物中,已提出所谓的“辐射吊顶”作为强制对流空调系统的替选形式。在这样的系统中,冷水被抽吸通过附接至假顶棚板格的不可见的一侧的铜管,并且通过吸收辐射热和对流使下面的房间变凉快。辐射顶棚具有各种优于强制空气系统的优点,但若需要大量不同的板格,则安装和维护会变得昂贵。
还提出通过使水流过嵌入在混凝土天花板中的管来冷却建筑物,例如参照Antonopoulous,K.A.等人的“Experimental and theoretical studies of space coolingusing ceiling-embedded piping(使用天花板嵌入管的空间冷却的实践和理论研究)”,Applied Thermal Engineering,卷17,No.4,第351-367页,1997年以及“Numerical Solution of Unsteady Three-Dimensional Heat Transfer During SpaceCooling Using Ceiling Embedded Piping(使用天花板嵌入管的空间冷却期间的非稳定三维传热的数值解)”,Energy卷22 No.1,第59-67页,1997年。然而,由于高的热质量和混凝土板的低热传导性,可能需要若干小时来实现被进行冷却的房间中的温度变化。
在US 5,778,813和US 6,050,208中描述了结构夹层板构件,这些文献在此通过引用并入本文,并且所述结构夹层板构件包括利用中间弹性体芯(例如由不发泡的聚亚安酯制成)粘接在一起的外金属(例如钢)板。这些夹层板系统可用于多种形式的构造中,以代替加强的钢板、成型的钢板、钢筋混凝土或复合钢筋混凝土结构,并且极大地简化了所产生的结构、在减轻重量的同时提高了强度和结构性能(例如刚硬度、阻尼特性)。在WO 2001/32414中描述了这些结构夹层板构件的进一步发展,该文献也通过引用并入本文。如本文所述,在芯层中可包括泡沫体以降低重量,并且可添加横向金属剪力板以提高刚硬度。
根据WO 2001/32414的内容,泡沫体可以是中空的或实心的。中空体可导致重量降低更多,因此是有利的。在该文献中所描述的泡沫体不局限于由轻质泡沫材料制成,而是也可以由其他材料制成,例如木材或钢盒、塑料挤压形状和空心塑料球。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构夹层板构件,包括用于在船、离岸结构、建筑物或其他结构中进行温度调节的装置。
根据本发明,提供一种结构夹层板构件,包括第一外层金属板和第二外层金属板以及塑料或聚合物材料的芯,该芯被粘接至外金属板并且被布置成在所述金属板之间传递剪力,其中,所述构件还包括:
用于温度控制介质的管道,该管道被嵌入在芯中并且与至少一个外金属板热接触。
在一实施例中,所述管道可以是管或软管,可致使作为温度控制介质的传热流体流过该管或软管,以加热或冷却所述构件。在一优选实施例中,传热流体是液体,优选是水。
在另一实施例中,管道是电导体,并且温度控制介质是电流,由此,所述构件可被电阻或电感加热器加热。
本发明还提供一种制造结构夹层板构件的方法,包括以下步骤:
以分隔开的关系设置第一金属和第二金属板,以限定腔;
在所述腔中设置用于温度控制介质的管道;
以未固化的塑料或聚合物材料填充所述腔;以及
允许或致使所述塑料或聚合物材料固化,从而以足以在所述金属板之间传递剪力的强度粘接至所述金属板。
可根据本发明的结构夹层板构件的特定用途的需要来选择该结构夹层板构件的外板的材料、尺寸和一般特性,并且通常地,可如US-5,778,813和US-6,050,208中所描述的那样进行选择。通常使用的钢或不锈钢的厚度为0.5至20mm,并且在期望重量轻的地方可使用铝。类似地,塑料或聚合物芯可以是任何合适的材料,例如为弹性体如聚亚安酯,如在US-5,778,813和US-6,050,208中描述的那样,并且优选是坚实的,即不是泡沫。该芯优选是热硬化性材料,而不是热塑性的。
附图说明
在下文中,参考示例性实施例以及附图描述本发明,附图中:
图1为根据本发明一实施例的结构夹层板构件的横截面图;
图2为根据本发明一实施例的另一结构夹层板构件的部分切除透视图;以及
图3为根据本发明的制造地板板格的方法的流程图。
在各图中,相同部分以相同的标号表示。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出的结构夹层板构件(或板格)包括上部外板和下部外板(面板)11、12,所述上部外板和下部外板可以由钢、铝或其他金属制成,并且具有例如在0.5至8mm范围内的厚度,优选具有在1至5mm范围内的厚度,更加优选具有在1至2.5mm范围内的厚度。在面板11、12之间围绕其外围设有边板、卷曲结构形状、挤压结构形状或边条13,以形成封闭的腔。在面板11、12之间的腔中为芯14。该芯可具有在15至200mm范围内的厚度;在许多应用中,25至100mm是合适的。在平面中的板构件的总体尺寸可为1至5m宽乘5至15m长。优选尺寸为2.5m乘10m。板构件可被制成标准尺寸或特制成特定形状和/或尺寸。
芯14包括塑料或聚合物材料(优选为热固的、坚实的弹性体,例如为如上所述的聚亚安酯),其以足够的强度被粘接至面板11、12,并且具有足够的机械特性,足以传递使用中预期的剪力。在芯14与面板11、12之间的粘接强度应大于3MPa,优选大于6MPa,并且芯材料的弹性模量应大于200MPa,优选大于250MPa。对于低负荷应用,其中,典型使用和满载负荷的量级为1.4kPa至7.2kPa,粘接强度可以较低,例如大致1.0MPa,但是基于针对所有预期负载的与结构相关的安全指数,足以提供所要求的抵抗,所述所有预期负载包括使用和满载负荷、结构负荷及风、地震(在适当情况下)和温度负荷。通过芯14,该结构夹层板构件具有加强钢板的强度和负荷承载能力,该加强钢板具有实质上更大的板厚度和明显的额外强化。芯层14用于在外金属板11、12之间传递剪力。
在芯14内设有管道15,所述管道与外金属板11、12中的一个或两个热接触。管道15可通过固定装置例如托架或夹具16、或者通过热传导黏合剂被保持至外金属板11、12。也可以仅仅通过芯14将管道固定保持。管道优选与芯14直接接触。管道15目的在于允许构件或板格10的温度得以控制。
在一优选实施例中,管道15包括软管或管,热传递流体可循环通过该软管或管。传热流体(优选为水)通过例如锅炉或冷却器而变为所期望的温度,并且被抽吸通过管道。也可使用来自船中的引擎或发电机的废热来加热传热流体。热量被传递至构件或板格10的金属板或从金属板传出,并进而被传递至邻近的空间或从该空间传出,该空间例如为船上的隔间或船舱或者岸上或离岸结构中的房间。管或软管15由于受到芯14支撑和保护所以不必是特别坚固的,但应是流体密封的(例如为不透水的)并且是耐传热介质的(例如为不腐蚀的),并且优选具有适当高的热传导性。管或软管15可以是薄壁的聚丙烯管或铜管。
在另一实施例中,管道15可以是电阻导体(若仅要求加热,则是有用的),由此随着使电流流过导体而产生热量。这样的系统具有的优点为:能够简单快速地控制该系统,并且若多个管道是可分别被开关的,则能够简单地提供局部化的温度控制。电阻导体如果在传热流体中也可与用于循环的软管或管相结合使用。
尽管图1示出管道15在两个面板11、12的内侧,但应理解,根据应用,管道可仅被设置在下部面板12上或仅被设置在上部面板11上。在图1中示出的多个管道可以是分立的,例如使得通过连接在网络中的每个管道、例如被布置在蜿蜒路径中的单个管道的不同部分或其结合,温度控制介质的流可被单独控制。应理解,对分立的管道中的流的单独控制允许实现局部化的温度控制,可以不管局部化的热负荷如何而保持均匀的温度,或者提供不同温度的区域。特别地,芯14的隔热特性允许面板11、12被保持在不同的温度。
在本发明的实施例中,芯14的部分材料可由相对轻质的轻质体来替代,其具有比芯的其余部分的塑料或聚合物材料更低的密度,以降低构件10的总重量。所述轻质体可以是空心的或实心的,例如是泡沫,并且可以为任何如在WO2001/32414、WO 2002/078948、WO 2003/101728、WO 2004/082928以及WO2005/051645中公开的不同类型,所述文献通过引用并入本文。考虑到轻质体的增加的隔热作用,这样的轻质体可按照有助于保持可单独控制的加热和/或冷却区域的方式布置。
图2示出本发明的特定实施例,其中,板格20具有被布置在穿过板格的大部分区域的弯曲路径中的单个管25。通过泵27致使作为温度控制介质的冷却水从冷却器28中流出并且循环至该冷却器。
能够通过在板格边缘中的推入配合连接来形成与管25的连接,但是通过任一主面的连接也是可能的,其可被定位成以便允许在多个板格中的管被串联或并联在一起。
应理解,在使用流体例如水作为温度控制介质的情况下,能够通过控制流体的温度和流速中的任一个或二者来控制加热或制冷效果。特别地,在制冷的情况下,这通过将板格的温度保持在露点之上来使得能够避免冷凝。
作为天花板或地板板格,所述板优选具有总体上平坦的下表面或上表面,但另一表面不必是平坦的,并且表面中的任意一个或两个可具有凹进部、沟、槽或开口,以容纳公用管道以及出口。竖直和水平通道中的任一个或二者也可被设置在地板板格内,用于公用管道。
图3示出根据本发明的制造地板板格的优选方法。该方法优选在外部执行并包括:
将管道15附接至金属板11、12(S1);
将外金属层11、12放置在模具中,以间隔件限定腔(S2);
通过注入端口将液态塑料或聚合物材料注入所述腔(S3);以及
致使或允许塑料或聚合物材料固化,以形成芯14(S4)。
可围绕板格的边设置边板、边条或者卷曲或挤压结构形状13。如上所述,优选的塑料或聚合物材料为热固聚亚安酯弹性体,其通过注入两种在腔中反应形成聚亚安酯的成分的混合物而形成。结果为坚实的、即不是泡沫。
在固化之后,填补注入端口和排气孔,例如以螺纹塞填补,并且将其磨得与外金属板的表面平齐。可提供多个注入端口以及排气孔,以确保完整地填充。
尽管在芯形成之后软管或管15受到芯的支撑和保护,使得软管或管在板格的使用期间不必特别坚固,但是软管或管需要能够耐受在芯的注入和固化期间产生的压力和温度或对其进行保护,使得软管或管不被损坏或破碎。这能够通过在注入过程期间以合适的气体或液体(例如空气或水)对软管或管15增压来实现。事实上,在一些情况下,可能有利的是,在注入和/或固化过程中使被加热后或被冷却后的流体循环通过软管或管15,以在该过程期间控制芯材料的温度。
管道15可以以任何便利的方式被附接至面板11、12,例如通过支架或夹具16或通过黏合剂附接。在一些情况下,管道15可以是足够坚固的或刚性的,能够在注入之前被简单地置于底面板上。除连接之外,管道15通常不必被精确定位。
若板格设有凹进部、槽或开口,例如用于公用管道和出口,或者设有其他表面特征,例如固定点或吊点,则这些优选在注入芯之前被形成在外金属板内或外金属板上。视板的厚度和要形成的特征的尺寸,可以通过已知技术例如铣削、切割、折弯、卷曲或冲压来形成槽和其他凹口。可通过焊接来附接零部件。用以限定通过地板板格的通道的管件,例如用于公用管道的管件,能够在形成芯14的材料注入之前被置于位置上。这样的特征也可例如通过钻芯而在注入和固化芯14之后形成,但在该情况下,可能需要进行测量,以确保由例如焊接等动作产生的热量不会有害地影响芯14。
在一些情况下,能够通过将边板或边条焊接至外金属板使得板格形成其自己的模具来避免使用模具。在这样的情况下,可能需要提供约束,以防止由于在芯14的注入和固化期间受到的内压力导致外金属板变形。
应注意,在芯14已固化之后,面板和边条通过芯14粘接在一起,使得在一些情况下,边条至面板的固定仅需足够承受注入和固化步骤期间受到的负荷,而不必承受在使用板格10期间遇到的负荷。为改进腔的密封性,可以在边板或边条与面板之间设置衬垫或密封条。
应理解,上述描述并非是限制性的,并且其他改进和变化都在本发明的范围内,本发明的范围由所附的权利要求限定。

Claims (13)

1.一种结构夹层板构件,该构件包括第一外金属板和第二外金属板以及塑料或聚合物材料制成的芯,所述芯被粘接至所述外金属板并且被布置成在所述外金属板之间传递剪力,其中,所述构件还包括:
用于温度控制介质的管道,该管道被嵌入在所述芯中并且与所述外金属板中的至少一个热接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的构件,其中,所述管道被布置在所述构件的芯中的蜿蜒的路径中。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的构件,其中,所述管道与所述外金属板中的至少一个直接接触。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的构件,其中,所述管道在其长度的第一部分上与所述第一外金属板直接接触,并且所述管道在其长度的第二部分上与所述第二外金属板直接接触,所述第一部分不同于所述第二部分。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的构件,其中,所述管道与所述第一外金属板直接接触,并且还包括用于温度控制介质的第二管道,该第二管道被嵌入在所述芯中并且与所述第二外金属板直接接触。
6.根据任一前述权利要求所述的构件,还包括至少一个固定构件,该固定构件将所述管道固定至所述外金属板中的一个。
7.根据任一前述权利要求所述的构件,其中,所述管道为管或软管,致使传热流体能够流过该管或软管,以加热或冷却所述构件。
8.根据权利要求7所述的构件,其中,所述管道用于容纳作为传热流体的水。
9.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的构件,其中,所述管道为电导体,由此所述构件能通过电阻加热器加热。
10.一种船或结构,包括根据权利要求7或8所述的构件以及被布置成使温度受控的流体循环通过所述导管的流体循环系统。
11.一种船或结构,包括根据权利要求9所述的构件以及被布置成致使电流流过所述管道的电源。
12.一种制造结构夹层板构件的方法,包括以下步骤:
以分隔开的关系设置第一金属板和第二金属板,以限定腔;
在所述腔中设置用于温度控制介质的管道;
以未固化的塑料或聚合物材料填充所述腔;以及
允许或致使所述塑料或聚合物材料固化,从而以足够的强度粘接至所述金属板,以在所述金属板之间传递剪力。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,设置所述管道包括将所述管道固定成与所述第一金属板和第二金属板中的至少一个直接接触。
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Application publication date: 20101006